Version bump

Signed-off-by: Wilson Snyder <[email protected]>

.clang-format

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+---
+Language:        Cpp
+# BasedOnStyle:  LLVM
+AccessModifierOffset: -4
+AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align
+AlignConsecutiveAssignments: false
+AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: false
+AlignEscapedNewlines: DontAlign
+AlignOperands:   true
+AlignTrailingComments: false
+AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: true
+AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: true
+AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: true
+AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: All
+AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: true
+AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: false
+AlwaysBreakAfterDefinitionReturnType: None
+AlwaysBreakAfterReturnType: None
+AlwaysBreakBeforeMultilineStrings: false
+AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: false
+BinPackArguments: true
+BinPackParameters: true
+BraceWrapping:   
+  AfterClass:      false
+  AfterControlStatement: false
+  AfterEnum:       false
+  AfterFunction:   false
+  AfterNamespace:  false
+  AfterObjCDeclaration: false
+  AfterStruct:     false
+  AfterUnion:      false
+  AfterExternBlock: false
+  BeforeCatch:     false
+  BeforeElse:      false
+  IndentBraces:    false
+  SplitEmptyFunction: true
+  SplitEmptyRecord: true
+  SplitEmptyNamespace: true
+BreakBeforeBinaryOperators: All
+BreakBeforeBraces: Attach
+BreakBeforeInheritanceComma: false
+BreakBeforeTernaryOperators: true
+BreakConstructorInitializersBeforeComma: false
+BreakConstructorInitializers: BeforeComma
+BreakAfterJavaFieldAnnotations: false
+BreakStringLiterals: true
+ColumnLimit:     99
+CommentPragmas:  '^ IWYU pragma:'
+CompactNamespaces: false
+ConstructorInitializerAllOnOneLineOrOnePerLine: false
+ConstructorInitializerIndentWidth: 4
+ContinuationIndentWidth: 4
+Cpp11BracedListStyle: true
+DerivePointerAlignment: false
+DisableFormat:   false
+ExperimentalAutoDetectBinPacking: false
+FixNamespaceComments: true
+ForEachMacros:   
+  - foreach
+  - Q_FOREACH
+  - BOOST_FOREACH
+IncludeBlocks:   Preserve
+IncludeCategories: 
+  - Regex:           '^"(llvm|llvm-c|clang|clang-c)/'
+    Priority:        2
+  - Regex:           '^(<|"(gtest|gmock|isl|json)/)'
+    Priority:        3
+  - Regex:           '.*'
+    Priority:        1
+IncludeIsMainRegex: '(Test)?$'
+IndentCaseLabels: false
+IndentPPDirectives: None
+IndentWidth:     4
+IndentWrappedFunctionNames: false
+JavaScriptQuotes: Leave
+JavaScriptWrapImports: true
+KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: true
+MacroBlockBegin: ''
+MacroBlockEnd:   ''
+MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 1
+NamespaceIndentation: None
+ObjCBlockIndentWidth: 2
+ObjCSpaceAfterProperty: false
+ObjCSpaceBeforeProtocolList: true
+PenaltyBreakAssignment: 2
+PenaltyBreakBeforeFirstCallParameter: 19
+PenaltyBreakComment: 300
+PenaltyBreakFirstLessLess: 120
+PenaltyBreakString: 1000
+PenaltyExcessCharacter: 1000000
+PenaltyReturnTypeOnItsOwnLine: 60
+PointerAlignment: Left
+RawStringFormats: 
+  - Delimiter:       pb
+    Language:        TextProto
+    BasedOnStyle:    google
+ReflowComments:  true
+SortIncludes:    false
+SortUsingDeclarations: true
+SpaceAfterCStyleCast: false
+SpaceAfterTemplateKeyword: true
+SpaceBeforeAssignmentOperators: true
+SpaceBeforeParens: ControlStatements
+SpaceInEmptyParentheses: false
+SpacesBeforeTrailingComments: 2
+SpacesInAngles:  false
+SpacesInContainerLiterals: true
+SpacesInCStyleCastParentheses: false
+SpacesInParentheses: false
+SpacesInSquareBrackets: false
+Standard:        Cpp11
+TabWidth:        8
+UseTab:          Never
+...
+

.clang-tidy

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Checks:          'clang-diagnostic-*,clang-analyzer-*,*,-modernize*,-hicpp*,-android-cloexec-fopen,-cert-dcl50-cpp,-cert-env33-c,-cert-err34-c,-cert-err58-cpp,-clang-analyzer-core.UndefinedBinaryOperatorResult,-clang-analyzer-security*,-cppcoreguidelines-no-malloc,-cppcoreguidelines-owning-memory,-cppcoreguidelines-pro-bounds-array-to-pointer-decay,-cppcoreguidelines-pro-bounds-array-to-pointer-decay,-cppcoreguidelines-pro-bounds-constant-array-index,-cppcoreguidelines-pro-bounds-pointer-arithmetic,-cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-const-cast,-cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-reinterpret-cast,-cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-static-cast-downcast,-cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-union-access,-cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-vararg,-cppcoreguidelines-special-member-functions,-fuchsia-default-arguments,-fuchsia-overloaded-operator,-google-default-arguments,-google-readability-todo,-google-runtime-references,-llvm-header-guard,-llvm-include-order,-misc-string-integer-assignment,-misc-string-literal-with-embedded-nul,-readability-braces-around-statements,-readability-container-size-empty,-readability-delete-null-pointer,-readability-else-after-return,-readability-implicit-bool-conversion,-readability-named-parameter,-readability-static-accessed-through-instance'
+WarningsAsErrors: ''
+HeaderFilterRegex: ''
+FormatStyle:     none
+CheckOptions:
+  - key:             google-readability-braces-around-statements.ShortStatementLines
+    value:           '2'
+  - key:             google-readability-namespace-comments.SpacesBeforeComments
+    value:           '2'

.codacy.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+---
+exclude_paths:
+  - 'ci/build_verilator.sh'
+  - 'include/vltstd/**'

.gitattributes

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+*.v linguist-language=SystemVerilog
+*.vh linguist-language=SystemVerilog
+*.sv linguist-language=SystemVerilog
+nodist linguist-detectable=false

.gitignore

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
+\#*
+.#*
 *~
+*.tidy
 *.old
 *.gz
 *.gz.uu
@@ -20,8 +23,13 @@ configure
 dddrun*
 doxygen-doc
 gdbrun*
+gmon.out
+ncverilog.history
 internals.txt
 verilator.txt
 verilator_bin*
 verilator_coverage_bin*
 verilator.pc
+verilator-config.cmake
+verilator-config-version.cmake
+**/obj_dir/*

.travis.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+# DESCRIPTION: Travis-CI config
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Todd Strader. Verilator is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU Lesser
+# General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
+
+version: ~> 1.0
+
+os: linux
+language: cpp
+cache: ccache
+
+env:
+  global:
+    - VERILATOR_CACHE=$HOME/verilator_cache
+    - VERILATOR_ROOT=$PWD
+    - VERILATOR_NUM_JOBS=$(echo `nproc` + 1 | bc)
+    - VERILATOR_CONFIG_FLAGS="--enable-maintainer-mode --enable-longtests"
+    - OBJCACHE=ccache
+
+cache:
+  directories:
+    - $VERILATOR_CACHE
+
+before_install:
+# Perl modules needed for testing
+  - yes yes | sudo cpan -fi Unix::Processors Parallel::Forker Bit::Vector
+  - sudo apt-get install gdb gtkwave
+before_script:
+  - bash -x ci/build_verilator.sh
+after_script:
+  - ccache -s
+
+stages:
+  - "Build Verilator"
+  - test
+
+jobs:
+  include:
+    - if: type != cron
+      stage: "Build Verilator"
+      name: Build Verilator
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: echo "Done building Verilator"
+# Non-cron build will just run on whatever linux flavor we get
+    - if: type != cron
+      stage: test
+      name: Dist test
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: ci/test.sh dist
+    - if: type != cron
+      stage: test
+      name: Vlt test
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: ci/test.sh vlt
+    - if: type != cron
+      stage: test
+      name: Vltmt test
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: ci/test.sh vltmt
+# Cron builds try different OS/compiler combinations
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: "Build Verilator"
+      name: Build xenial gcc Verilator
+      os: linux
+      dist: xenial
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: echo "Done building Verilator"
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: test
+      name: Xenial gcc dist test
+      os: linux
+      dist: xenial
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: ci/test.sh dist
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: test
+      name: Xenial gcc vlt test
+      os: linux
+      dist: xenial
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: ci/test.sh vlt
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: test
+      name: Xenial gcc vltmt test
+      os: linux
+      dist: xenial
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: ci/test.sh vltmt
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: "Build Verilator"
+      name: Build xenial clang Verilator
+      os: linux
+      dist: xenial
+      compiler: clang
+      script: echo "Done building Verilator"
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: test
+      name: Xenial clang dist test
+      os: linux
+      dist: xenial
+      compiler: clang
+      script: ci/test.sh dist
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: test
+      name: Xenial clang vlt test
+      os: linux
+      dist: xenial
+      compiler: clang
+      script: ci/test.sh vlt
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: test
+      name: Xenial clang vltmt test
+      os: linux
+      dist: xenial
+      compiler: clang
+      script: ci/test.sh vltmt
+#    - if: type = cron
+#      stage: "Build Verilator"
+#      name: Build OSX gcc Verilator
+#      os: osx
+#      compiler: gcc
+#      script: echo "Done building Verilator"
+#    - if: type = cron
+#      stage: test
+#      name: OSX gcc dist test
+#      os: osx
+#      compiler: gcc
+#      script: ci/test.sh dist
+#    - if: type = cron
+#      stage: test
+#      name: OSX gcc vlt test
+#      os: osx
+#      compiler: gcc
+#      script: ci/test.sh vlt
+#    - if: type = cron
+#      stage: test
+#      name: OSX gcc vltmt test
+#      os: osx
+#      compiler: gcc
+#      script: ci/test.sh vltmt
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: "Build Verilator"
+      name: Build trusty gcc Verilator
+      os: linux
+      dist: trusty
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: echo "Done building Verilator"
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: test
+      name: Trusty gcc dist test
+      os: linux
+      dist: trusty
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: ci/test.sh dist
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: test
+      name: Trusty gcc vlt test
+      os: linux
+      dist: trusty
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: ci/test.sh vlt
+    - if: type = cron
+      stage: test
+      os: linux
+      dist: trusty
+      name: Trusty gcc vltmt test
+      compiler: gcc
+      script: ci/test.sh vltmt
+
+notifications:
+  email:
+    if: repo = verilator/verilator
+    recipients:
+      - [email protected]
+      - [email protected]

COPYING

@@ -1,674 +0,0 @@
-                    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
-                       Version 3, 29 June 2007
-
- Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
- Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
- of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
-
-                            Preamble
-
-  The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
-software and other kinds of works.
-
-  The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
-to take away your freedom to share and change the works.  By contrast,
-the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
-share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
-software for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
-GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
-any other work released this way by its authors.  You can apply it to
-your programs, too.
-
-  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
-price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
-have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
-them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
-want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
-free programs, and that you know you can do these things.
-
-  To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
-these rights or asking you to surrender the rights.  Therefore, you have
-certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
-you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
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-rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
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-the conditions stated below.  Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10
-makes it unnecessary.
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-11 of the WIPO copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or
-similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such
-measures.
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-circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention
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Changes

@@ -2,6 +2,662 @@ Revision history for Verilator
 
 The contributors that suggested a given feature are shown in []. Thanks!
 
+* Verilator 4.024 2019-12-08
+
+**    Support associative arrays (excluding [*] and pattern assignments), bug544.
+
+**    Support queues (excluding {} notation and pattern assignments), bug545.
+
+***   Add +verilator+error+limit to see more assertion errors. [Peter Monsson]
+
+***   Support string.toupper and string.tolower.
+
+***   Support $rewind and $ungetc.
+
+***   Support shortreal as real, with a SHORTREAL warning.
+
+****  Add -Wpedantic and -Wno-context for compliance testing.
+
+****  Add error on redefining preprocessor directives. [Piotr Binkowski]
+
+****  Support $value$plusargs float and shorts, bug1592, bug1619. [Garrett Smith]
+
+****  Fix gate lvalue optimization error, bug831. [Jonathon Donaldson, Driss Hafdi]
+
+****  Fix color assertion on empty if, bug1604. [Andrew Holme]
+
+****  Fix for loop missing initializer, bug1605. [Andrew Holme]
+
+****  Fix hang on concat error, bug1608. [Bogdan Vukobratovic]
+
+****  Fix VPI timed callbacks to be one-shot, pull5. [Matthew Ballance]
+
+****  Fix // in filenames, bug1610. [Peter Nelson]
+
+****  Fix $display("%p") to be closer to IEEE.
+
+****  Fix labels on functions with returns, bug1614. [Mitch Hayenga]
+
+****  Fix false unused message on __Vemumtab, msg3180. [Tobias Rosenkranz]
+
+****  Fix assertion on dotted parameter arrayed function, bug1620. [Rich Porter]
+
+****  Fix interface reference tracing, bug1595. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Fix error on unpacked concatenations, bug1627. [Driss Hafdi]
+
+
+* Verilator 4.022 2019-11-10
+
+**    Add --protect-lib, bug1490. [Todd Strader]
+
+**    Add cmake support, bug1363. [Patrick Stewart]
+
+***   Examples have been renamed.
+
+***   Add --protect-ids to obscure information in objects, bug1521. [Todd Strader]
+
+***   Add --trace-coverage.
+
+***   Add --xml-output.
+
+***   Support multithreading on Windows. [Patrick Stewart]
+
+***   Suppress 'command failed' on normal errors.
+
+***   Support some unpacked arrays in parameters, bug1315. [Marshal Qiao]
+
+***   Add interface port visibility in traces, bug1594. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Increase case duplicate/incomplete to 16 bit tables, bug1545. [Yossi Nivin]
+
+****  Support quoted arguments in -f files, bug1535. [Yves Mathieu]
+
+****  Optimize modulus by power-of-two constants, and masked conditionals.
+
+****  Fix detecting missing reg types, bug1570. [Jacko Dirks]
+
+****  Fix multithreaded yield behavior when no work.  [Patrick Stewart]
+
+****  Fix bad-syntax crashes, bug1548, bug1550-1553, bug1557-1560, bug1563,
+      bug1573-1577, bug1579, bug1582-1591. [Eric Rippey]
+
+****  Fix false CMPCONST/UNSIGNED warnings on "inside", bug1581. [Mitch Hayenga]
+
+
+* Verilator 4.020 2019-10-06
+
+***   Support $fseek, $ftell, $frewind, bug1496. [Howard Su]
+
+***   Add --public-flat-rw, bug1511. [Stefan Wallentowitz]
+
+***   Support vpiModule, bug1469. [Stefan Wallentowitz]
+
+****  Make Syms file honor --output-split-cfuncs, bug1499. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Fix make test with no VERILATOR_ROOT, bug1494. [Ahmed El-Mahmoudy]
+
+****  Fix error on multidimensional cells, bug1505. [Anderson Ignacio Da Silva]
+
+****  Fix config_rev revision detection on old versions.
+
+****  Fix false warning on backward indexing, bug1507. [Hao Shi]
+
+****  Fix vpiType accessor, bug1509, bug1510. [Stefan Wallentowitz]
+
+****  Fix ugly error on interface misuse, bug1525. [Bogdan Vukobratovic]
+
+****  Fix misc bad-syntax crashes, bug1529-bug1533. [Eric Rippey]
+
+****  Fix case statements with strings, bug1536. [Philipp Wagner]
+
+
+* Verilator 4.018 2019-08-29
+
+**    When showing an error, show source code and offer suggestions of replacements.
+
+**    When showing an error, show the instance location, bug1305. [Todd Strader]
+
+***   Add --rr, bug1481. [Todd Strader]
+
+***   Change MULTITOP to warning to help linting, see manual.
+
+***   Add XSim support to driver.pl, bug1493. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Show included-from filenames in warnings, bug1439. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Fix elaboration time errors, bug1429. [Udi Finkelstein]
+
+****  Fix not reporting some duplicate signals/ports, bug1462. [Peter Gerst]
+
+****  Fix not in array context on non-power-of-two slices, msg2946. [Yu Sheng Lin]
+
+****  Fix system compile flags injection. [Gianfranco Costamagna]
+
+****  Fix enum values not being sized based on parent, bug1442. [Dan Petrisko]
+
+****  Fix internal error on gate optimization of assign, bug1475. [Oyvind Harboe]
+
+****  Add --dpi-hdr-only, bug1491. [Todd Strader]
+
+
+* Verilator 4.016 2019-06-16
+
+***   Add --quiet-exit, bug1436. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Error continuation lines no longer have %Error prefix.
+
+****  Support logical equivalence operator <->.
+
+****  Support VerilatedFstC set_time_unit, bug1433. [Pieter Kapsenberg]
+
+****  Support deferred assertions, bug1449. [Charles Eddleston]
+
+****  Mark infrequently called functions with GCC cold attribute.
+
+****  Fix sign-compare warning in verilated.cpp, bug1437. [Sergey Kvachonok]
+
+****  Fix fault on $realtime with %t, bug1443. [Julien Margetts]
+
+****  Fix $display with string without %s, bug1441. [Denis Rystsov]
+
+****  Fix parameter function string returns, bug1441. [Denis Rystsov]
+
+****  Fix invalid XML output due to special chars, bug1444. [Kanad Kanhere]
+
+****  Fix performance when mulithreaded on 1 CPU, bug1455. [Stefan Wallentowitz]
+
+****  Fix type and real parameter issues, bug1427, bug1456, bug1458. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Fix build error on MinGW, bug1460. [Richard Myers]
+
+****  Fix not reporting some duplicate signals, bug1462. [Peter Gerst]
+
+****  Fix --savable invalid C++ on packed arrays, bug1465. [Alex Chadwick]
+
+****  Fix constant function return of function var, bug1467. [Roman Popov]
+
+
+* Verilator 4.014 2019-05-08
+
+***   Add --trace-fst-thread.
+
+****  Support '#' comments in $readmem, bug1411. [Frederick Requin]
+
+****  Support "'dx" constants, bug1423. [Udi Finkelstein]
+
+****  For FST tracing use LZ4 compression. [Tony Bybell]
+
+****  Add error when use parameters without value, bug1424. [Peter Gerst]
+
+****  Auto-extend and WIDTH warn on unsized X/Zs, bug1423. [Udi Finkelstein]
+
+****  Fix missing VL_SHIFTL_ errors, bug1412, bug1415. [Larry Lee]
+
+****  Fix MinGW GCC 6 printf formats, bug1413. [Sergey Kvachonok]
+
+****  Fix test problems when missing fst2vcd, bug1417. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Fix GTKWave register warning, bug1421. [Pieter Kapsenberg]
+
+****  Fix FST enums not displaying, bug1426. [Danilo Ramos]
+
+****  Fix table compile error with multiinterfaces, bug1431. [Bogdan Vukobratovic]
+
+
+* Verilator 4.012 2019-3-23
+
+***   Add +verilator+seed, bug1396. [Stan Sokorac]
+
+***   Support $fread.  [Leendert van Doorn]
+
+***   Support void' cast on functions called as tasks, bug1383. [Al Grant]
+
+***   Add IGNOREDRETURN warning, bug1383.
+
+****  Report PORTSHORT errors on concat constants, bug 1400. [Will Korteland]
+
+****  Fix VERILATOR_GDB being ignored, msg2860. [Yu Sheng Lin]
+
+****  Fix $value$plus$args missing verilated_heavy.h. [Yi-Chung Chen]
+
+****  Fix MSVC compile error, bug1406. [Benjamin Gartner]
+
+****  Fix maintainer test when no Parallel::Forker, msg2630. [Enzo Chi]
+
+****  Fix +1364-1995ext flags applying too late, bug1384. [Al Grant]
+
+
+* Verilator 4.010 2019-01-27
+
+***   Removed --trace-lxt2, use --trace-fst instead.
+
+****  For --xml, add additional information, bug1372. [Jonathan Kimmitt]
+
+****  Add circular typedef error, bug1388.  [Al Grant]
+
+****  Add unsupported for loops error, msg2692. [Yu Sheng Lin]
+
+****  Fix FST tracing of wide arrays, bug1376. [Aleksander Osman]
+
+****  Fix error when pattern assignment has too few elements, bug1378. [Viktor Tomov]
+
+****  Fix error when no modules in $unit, bug1381. [Al Grant]
+
+****  Fix missing too many digits warning, bug1380. [Jonathan Kimmitt]
+
+****  Fix uninitialized data in verFiles and unroller, bug1385. bug1386. [Al Grant]
+
+****  Fix internal error on xrefs into unrolled functions, bug1387. [Al Grant]
+
+****  Fix DPI export void compiler error, bug1391. [Stan Sokorac]
+
+
+* Verilator 4.008 2018-12-01
+
+***   Support "ref" and "const ref" pins and functions, bug1360. [Jake Longo]
+
+***   In --xml-only show the original unmodified names, and add module_files
+      and cells similar to Verilog-Perl, msg2719. [Kanad Kanhere]
+
+****  Add CONTASSREG error on continuous assignments to regs, bug1369. [Peter Gerst]
+
+****  Add PROCASSWIRE error on behavioral assignments to wires, msg2737. [Neil Turton]
+
+****  Add IMPORTSTAR warning on import::* inside $unit scope.
+
+****  Fix --trace-lxt2 compile error on MinGW, msg2711. [HyungKi Jeong]
+
+****  Fix hang on bad pattern keys, bug1364. [Matt Myers]
+
+****  Fix crash due to cygwin bug in getline, bug1349. [Affe Mao]
+
+****  Fix __Slow files getting compiled with OPT_FAST, bug1370. [Thomas Watts]
+
+
+* Verilator 4.006 2018-10-27
+
+**    Add --pp-comments, msg2700. [Robert Henry]
+
+**    Add --dump-defines.
+
+***   For --trace-fst, save enum decoding information, bug1358. [Sergi Granell]
+      (To visualize enumeration data you must use GTKwave 3.3.95 or newer.)
+
+***   For --trace-fst, instead of *.fst.hier, put data into *.fst. [Tony Bybell]
+
+****  Fix --trace-lxt2 compile error on MinGW, msg2667. [HyungKi Jeong]
+
+****  Fix Windows .exe not found, bug1361. [Patrick Stewart]
+
+
+* Verilator 4.004 2018-10-6
+
+**    Add GTKWave FST native tracing, bug1356. [Sergi Granell]
+      (Verilator developers need to pull the latest vcddiff.)
+
+***   Support $past. [Dan Gisselquist]
+
+***   Support restrict, bug1350. [Clifford Wolf]
+
+***   Rename include/lxt2 to include/gtkwave.
+
+****  Fix replication of 64-bit signal change detects.
+
+****  Fix Mac OSX 10.13.6 / LLVM 9.1 compile issues, bug1348. [Kevin Kiningham]
+
+****  Fix MinGW compile issues, msg2636. [HyungKi Jeong]
+
+
+* Verilator 4.002 2018-09-16
+
+**    This is a major release.  Any patches may require major rework to apply.
+      [Thanks everyone]
+
+**    Add multithreaded model generation.
+
+**    Add runtime arguments.
+
+**    Add GTKWave LXT2 native tracing, bug1333. [Yu Sheng Lin]
+
+**    Note $random has new algorithm; results may vary vs. previous versions.
+
+***   Better optimize large always block splitting, bug1244. [John Coiner]
+
+***   Add new reloop optimization for repetitive assignment compression.
+
+***   Support string.atoi and similar methods, bug1289. [Joel Holdsworth]
+
+****  Fix internals to be C++ null-pointer-check clean.
+
+****  Fix internals to avoid 'using namespace std'.
+
+****  Fix Verilation performance issues, bug1316. [John Coiner]
+
+****  Fix clocker attributes to not propagate on concats. [John Coiner]
+
+****  Fix first clock edge and --x-initial-edge, bug1327. [Rupert Swarbrick]
+
+****  Fix compile error on tracing of string arrays, bug1338. [Iztok Jeras]
+
+****  Fix number parsing with newline after radix, bug1340. [George Cuan]
+
+****  Fix string ?: conditional type resolution, bug1345. [Iztok Jeras]
+
+****  Fix duplicate symbol error on generate tri, bug1347. [Tomas Dzetkulic]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.926 2018-08-22
+
+****  Add OBJCACHE envvar support to examples and generated Makefiles.
+
+****  Change MODDUP errors to warnings, msg2588. [Marshal Qiao]
+
+****  Fix define argument stringification (`"), broke since 3.914. [Joe DErrico]
+
+****  Fix to ignore Unicode UTF-8 BOM sequences, msg2576. [HyungKi Jeong]
+
+****  Fix std:: build error, bug1322.
+
+****  Fix function inlining inside certain while loops, bug1330. [Julien Margetts]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.924 2018-06-12
+
+***   Renamed --profile-cfuncs to --prof-cfuncs.
+
+****  Report interface ports connected to wrong interface, bug1294. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  When tracing, use scalars on single bit arrays to appease vcddiff.
+
+****  Fix parsing "output signed" in V2K port list, msg2540. [James Jung]
+
+****  Fix parsing error on bad missing #, bug1308. [Dan Kirkham]
+
+****  Fix $clog2 to be in verilog 2005, bug1319. [James Hutchinson]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.922 2018-03-17
+
+**    Support IEEE 1800-2017 as default language.
+
+***   Support trig functions ($sin() etc), bug1281. [Patrick Stewart]
+
+***   Support calling system functions as tasks, bug1285. [Joel Holdsworth]
+
+***   Support assert properties, bug785, bug1290. [John Coiner, et al]
+
+***   Support $writememh. [John Coiner]
+
+***   Add --no-debug-leak to reduce memory use under debug. [John Coiner]
+
+****  Fix severe runtime performance bug in certain foreach loops. [John Coiner]
+
+****  On convergence errors, show activity. [John Coiner]
+
+****  Fix GCC 8.0 issues, bug1273.
+
+****  Fix pullup/pulldowns on bit selects, bug1274. [Rob Stoddard]
+
+****  Fix verilator_coverage --annotate-min, bug1284. [Tymoteusz Blazejczyk]
+
+****  Fix quoting of quoted arguments. [John Coiner]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.920 2018-02-01
+
+**    Moving forward, use the git "stable" branch to track the latest release,
+      and git "v#.###" tags for specific releases.
+
+***   Support 'assume' similar to 'assert', bug1269. [Dan Gisselquist]
+
+****  Fix tracing example file output, bug1268. [Enzo Chi]
+
+****  Fix gate optimization out of memory, add --gate-stmts, bug1260. [Alex Solomatnikov]
+
+****  Fix compile error on public real parameters by suppressing, bug1261. [Alex Solomatnikov]
+
+****  Fix input-only tristate comparisons, bug1267. [Alexis G]
+
+****  Fix missing edge type in xml output, msg2480. [Alexis G]
+
+****  Fix compile error with --public and interface bind, bug1264. [Alexis G]
+
+****  Remove c++filt, bug1265. [Stefan Wallentowitz]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.918 2018-01-02
+
+***   Workaround GCC/clang bug with huge compile times, bug1248.
+
+***   Support DPI open arrays, bug909, bug1245. [David Pierce, Victor Besyakov]
+
+***   Add INFINITELOOP warning, bug1254. [Alex Solomatnikov]
+
+****  Support > 64 bit decimal $display.
+
+****  Support DPI time and svLogicVal. [Victor Besyakov]
+      Note older version incorrectly assumed svBitVal even for logicals.
+
+****  Support string len() method. [Victor Besyakov]
+
+****  Add error if always_comb has sensitivity list. [Arjen Roodselaar]
+
+****  Fix SystemC 2.3.2 compile error, bug1251. [Tymoteusz Blazejczyk]
+
+****  Fix modport outputs being treated as inputs, bug1246. [Jeff Bush]
+
+****  Fix false ALWCOMBORDER on interface references, bug1247. [Josh Redford]
+
+****  Fix constant propagation across DPI imports of inout strings. [Victor Besyakov]
+
+****  Fix resolving inline nested interface names, bug1250. [Arjen Roodselaar]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.916 2017-11-25
+
+***   Support self-recursive modules, bug659. [Sean Moore, et al]
+
+***   Support $error/$warning in elaboration time blocks.
+
+***   Support $size/$bits/etc on type references.
+
+***   Add error when driving input-only modport, bug1110. [Trevor Elbourne]
+
+***   Add BSSPACE and COLONPLUS lint warnings.
+
+****  Detect MSB overflow when under VL_DEBUG, bug1238. [Junyi Xi]
+
+****  Add data types to --xml. [Rui Terra]
+
+****  Fix partial slicing with pattern assignments, bug991. [Johan Bjork]
+
+****  Fix false unused warning on interfaces, bug1241. [Laurens van Dam]
+
+****  Fix error on "unique case" with no cases.
+
+****  Fix MacOS portability, bug1232. [Jeff Bush]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.914 2017-10-14
+
+**    Added new examples/ directory with appropriate examples. This replaces the
+      old test_c and test_sc directories.
+
+***   Add --getenv option for simplifying Makefiles.
+
+***   Add --x-initial option for specifying initial value assignment behavior.
+
+***   Add --no-relative-cfuncs and related default optimization, bug1224. [John Coiner]
+
+***   Add /*verilator tag*/ for XML extraction applications. [Chris Randall]
+
+****  The internal test_verilated test directory is moved to be part of test_regress.
+
+****  The experimental VL_THREADED setting (only, not normal mode) now requires C++11.
+
+****  Fix over-aggressive inlining, bug1223. [John Coiner]
+
+****  Fix Ubuntu 17.10 issues, bug1223 partial. [John Coiner]
+
+****  Fix compiler warning when WIDTH warning ignored on large compare.
+
+****  Fix memory leak in VerilatedVcd dumps, bug1222 partial. [Shareef Jalloq]
+
+****  Fix unnecessary Vdly variables, bug1224 partial. [John Coiner]
+
+****  Fix conditional slices and add related optimizations.
+
+****  Fix `` expansion of `defines, bug1225, bug1227, bug1228. [Odd Magne Reitan]
+
+****  Fix -E duplicating output, bug1226. [Odd Magne Reitan]
+
+****  Fix float-conversion warning, bug1229. [Robert Henry]
+
+****  Fix MacOS portability, bug1230, bug1231. [Jeff Bush]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.912 2017-09-23
+
+**    Verilated headers no longer "use namespace std;"
+      User's code without "std::" prefixes may need "use namespace std;" to compile.
+
+***   Support or/and/xor array intrinsic methods, bug1210. [Mike Popoloski]
+
+***   Support package export, bug1217. [Usuario Eda]
+
+***   Fix ordering of arrayed cell wide connections, bug1202 partial. [Mike Popoloski]
+
+****  Support module port parameters without defaults, bug 1213. [Mike Popoloski]
+
+****  Add performance information to --stats file.
+
+****  Simplify VL_CONST_W macro generation for faster compiles.
+
+****  Fix LITENDIAN warning on arrayed cells, bug1202. [Mike Popoloski]
+
+****  Fix enum ranges without colons, bug1204. [Mike Popoloski]
+
+****  Fix GCC noreturn compile error, bug1209. [Mike Popoloski]
+
+****  Fix constant function default parameters, bug1211. [Mike Popoloski]
+
+****  Fix non-colon array of interface modports, bug1212. [Mike Popoloski]
+
+****  Fix .name connections on interfaces, bug1214. [Mike Popoloski]
+
+****  Fix wide array indices causing compile error.
+
+****  Better optimize Shift-And, and replication constructs.
+
+
+* Verilator 3.910 2017-09-07
+
+***   SystemPerl mode (-sp-deprecated) has been removed.
+
+****  Update keyword warnings to include C++11 and others.
+
+
+* Verilator 3.908 2017-08-28
+
+****  Support x in $readmem, bug1180. [Arthur Kahlich]
+
+****  Support packed struct DPI imports, bug1190. [Rob Stoddard]
+
+****  Fix GCC 6 warnings.
+
+****  Fix compile error on unused VL_VALUEPLUSARGS_IW, bug1181. [Thomas J Whatson]
+
+****  Fix undefined VL_POW_WWI. [Clifford Wolf]
+
+****  Fix internal error on unconnected inouts, bug1187. [Rob Stoddard]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.906 2017-06-22
+
+***   Support set_time_unit/set_time_precision in C traces, msg2261.
+
+***   Fix extract of packed array with non-zero LSB, bug1172. [James Pallister]
+
+***   Fix shifts by more than 32-bit numbers, bug1174. [Clifford Wolf]
+
+***   Fix power operator on wide constants, bug761. [Clifford Wolf]
+
+***   Fix .* on interface pins, bug1176. [Maciej Piechotka]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.904 2017-05-30
+
+***   Fix non-cutable ordering loops on clock arrays, bug1009. [Todd Strader]
+
+***   Support ports of array of reals, bug1154. [J Briquet]
+
+***   Support arrayed parameter overrides, bug1153. [John Stevenson]
+
+***   Support $value$plusargs with variables, bug1165. [Wesley Terpstra]
+
+****  Support modport access to un-modport objects, bug1161. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Add stack trace when can't optimize function, bug1158. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Add warning on mis-sized literal, bug1156. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Fix interface functions returning wrong parameters, bug996. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Fix non-arrayed cells with interface arrays, bug1153. [John Stevenson]
+
+****  Fix --assert with complex case statements, bug1164. [Enzo Chi]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.902 2017-04-02
+
+**    Add -FI option to force includes,msg2146. [Amir Gonnen]
+
+**    Add --relative-includes. [Rob Stoddard]
+
+***   Add error on duplicate pattern assignments, bug1145. [Johan Bjork]
+
+****  Fix error on improperly widthed default function, bug984. [Todd Strader]
+
+****  Fix 2009 localparam syntax, msg2139. [Galen Seitz]
+
+****  Fix ugly interface-to-non-interface errors, bug1112. [Johan Bjork]
+
+****  Fix LDFLAGS and CFLAGS not preserving order, bug1130. [Olof Kindgren]
+
+****  Fix internal error on initializing parameter array, bug1131. [Jie Xu]
+
+****  Fix internal error on interface arrays, bug1135. [John Stevenson]
+
+****  Fix calling sformatf to display, and elab $displays, bug1139. [Johan Bjork]
+
+****  Fix realpath compile issue on MSVC++, bug1141. [Miodrag Milanovic]
+
+****  Fix missing error on interface size mismatch, bug1143.  [Johan Bjork]
+
+****  Fix error on parameters with dotted references, bug1146. [Johan Bjork]
+
+****  Fix wreal not handling continuous assign, bug1150. [J Briquet]
+
+****  Fix nested structure parameter selects, bug1150. [J Briquet]
+
+
+* Verilator 3.900 2017-01-15
+
+**    Internal code changes for improved compatibility and performance.
+
+***   Support old-style $display($time), bug467. [John Demme]
+
+****  With --bbox-unsup, suppress desassign and mixed edges, bug1120. [Galen Seitz]
+
+****  Fix parsing sensitivity with &&, bug934. [Luke Yang]
+
+****  Fix internal error on double-for loop unrolling, bug1044. [Jan Egil Ruud]
+
+****  Fix internal error on unique casez with --assert, bug1117. [Enzo Chi]
+
+****  Fix bad code when tracing array of structs, bug1122. [Andrew Bardsley]
+
 
 * Verilator 3.890 2016-11-25
 
@@ -1902,7 +2558,7 @@ Bug fixes:
 
 * Verilator 3.501 2005/11/16 Stable
 
-***  Add --profile-cfuncs for correlating profiles back to Verilog.
+***  Add --prof-cfuncs for correlating profiles back to Verilog.
 
 **** Fixed functions where regs are declared before inputs.  [Danny Ding]
 
@@ -2765,12 +3421,12 @@ of input ports exists for tracing.
 * Verilator 0.0 1994/7/8
 
 **** First code written.
-
+
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 This uses outline mode in Emacs.  See C-h m [M-x describe-mode].
 
-Copyright 2001-2016 by Wilson Snyder.  This program is free software; you
+Copyright 2001-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  This program is free software; you
 can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
 Version 2.0.

LICENSE

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-		   GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                   GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
                        Version 3, 29 June 2007
 
- Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
  Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
  of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
 

MANIFEST.SKIP

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-^CVS/
-/CVS/
+\.clang-format
+\.clang-tidy
 \.git/
+\.git$
 \.svn/
 \.(bak|old)/
 \.(bak|old)$
@@ -9,35 +10,56 @@
 .*\.log
 \..*\.swp
 .*\.tmp
+.*\.tidy
 .*\.tex
 .*\.key
 .*\.vcd
 .*\.1
+\.codacy\.yml
+\.travis\.yml
+/build/
 /obj_dir/
 /obj_dbg/
+/obj_nc/
 /obj_opt/
+/obj_vcs/
+/obj_vlt/
+/obj_vltmt/
+/obj_dist/
 /INCA_libs/
 /cov_work/
 /logs/
 ^Makefile$
+README.html
+bin/verilator_bin.*
+bin/verilator_coverage_bin.*
+docs/.*\.html$
+docs/Makefile$
+docs/doxygen-doc/.*
+examples/xml_py/copied/
+examples/xml_py/graph.*
 src/Makefile$
 src/Makefile_obj$
 include/verilated.mk$
 test_regress/.gdbinit$
 config.cache$
 config.status$
-verilator.log
-verilator.tex
+verilator\.log
+verilator\.tex
+verilator-config.cmake$
+verilator-config-version.cmake$
 verilator.pc$
 verilator_bin.*
 verilator_coverage_bin.*
 .vcsmx_rebuild$
+ncverilog.history
 autom4te\.cache/
 nodist/
+ci/
 /simv$
 /simv.daidir/
 /vc_hdrs.h$
 /csrc/
-doxygen-doc/.*
+obj_dir.*
 TAGS
 .*~

Makefile.in

@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
 #
 # This file is part of Verilator.
 #
-# Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
+# Code available from: https://verilator.org
 #
 #*****************************************************************************
 #
-# Copyright 2003-2016 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
 # redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 # Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
 # Version 2.0.
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ INSTALL_DATA = @INSTALL_DATA@
 MAKEINFO = makeinfo
 POD2TEXT = pod2text
 POD2LATEXFIX = $(srcdir)/src/pod2latexfix
+MKINSTALLDIRS = $(SHELL) $(srcdir)/src/mkinstalldirs
 PERL = @PERL@
 
 # Destination prefix for RPMs
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ infodir = @infodir@
 pkgdatadir = @pkgdatadir@
 
 # Directory in which to install pkgconfig file
-# Generall ${prefix}/share/pkgconfig
+# Generally ${prefix}/share/pkgconfig
 pkgconfigdir = @pkgconfigdir@
 
 # Directory in which to install data across multiple architectures
@@ -92,6 +93,7 @@ datarootdir = @datarootdir@
 CFG_WITH_CCWARN = @CFG_WITH_CCWARN@
 CFG_WITH_DEFENV = @CFG_WITH_DEFENV@
 CFG_WITH_LONGTESTS = @CFG_WITH_LONGTESTS@
+CFG_WITH_THREADED = @CFG_WITH_THREADED@
 PACKAGE_VERSION = @PACKAGE_VERSION@
 
 #### End of system configuration section. ####
@@ -101,37 +103,76 @@ PACKAGE_VERSION = @PACKAGE_VERSION@
 
 SHELL = /bin/sh
 
-SUBDIRS = src test_verilated test_c test_sc test_regress
+SUBDIRS = src test_regress \
+	examples/cmake_hello_c \
+	examples/cmake_hello_sc \
+	examples/cmake_tracing_c \
+	examples/cmake_tracing_sc \
+	examples/cmake_protect_lib \
+	examples/make_hello_c \
+	examples/make_hello_sc \
+	examples/make_tracing_c \
+	examples/make_tracing_sc \
+	examples/make_protect_lib \
 
-INFOS = README README.html README.pdf internals.txt internals.html \
-        internals.pdf verilator.txt verilator.html verilator.pdf \
-	$(VL_INST_MAN_FILES)
+INFOS = verilator.txt verilator.html verilator.pdf
+
+INFOS_OLD = README README.html README.pdf
 
 # Files that can be generated, but should be up to date for a distribution.
 DISTDEP = info Makefile
 
-DISTFILES_INC = $(INFOS) .gitignore Artistic COPYING COPYING.LESSER \
+DISTFILES_INC = $(INFOS) .gitignore \
 	*.in *.ac \
-	Changes TODO \
+	Artistic \
+	Changes \
+	LICENSE \
 	MANIFEST.SKIP \
-	bin/* \
-	doxygen-mainpage doxygen.config veripool-logo.png \
-	install-sh configure mkinstalldirs *.pod \
+	README.adoc \
+	verilator-config.cmake.in \
+	verilator-config-version.cmake.in \
+	bin/verilator \
+	bin/verilator_coverage \
+	bin/verilator_difftree \
+	bin/verilator_gantt \
+	bin/verilator_includer \
+	bin/verilator_profcfunc \
+	docs/.gitignore \
+	docs/CONTRIBUTING.adoc \
+	docs/CONTRIBUTORS \
+	docs/Makefile.in \
+	docs/TODO \
+	docs/doxygen-mainpage \
+	docs/doxygen.config \
+	docs/install.adoc \
+	docs/internals.adoc \
+	docs/verilator_logo.png \
+	install-sh configure *.pod \
 	include/*.[chv]* \
 	include/*.in \
 	include/.*ignore \
+	include/gtkwave/*.[chv]* \
 	include/vltstd/*.[chv]* \
 	.*attributes */.*attributes  */*/.*attributes \
 	src/.*ignore src/*.in src/*.cpp src/*.[chly] \
 	src/astgen src/bisonpre src/*fix src/cppcheck_filtered \
-	src/vlcovgen \
+	src/vlcovgen src/mkinstalldirs \
 	src/.gdbinit \
 	src/*.pl src/*.pod \
+	examples/*/.*ignore examples/*/Makefile* \
+	examples/*/*.[chv]* examples/*/vl_* \
+	examples/*/CMakeLists.txt \
 	test_*/.*ignore test_*/Makefile* test_*/*.cpp \
 	test_*/*.pl test_*/*.v test_*/*.vc test_*/*.vh \
-	test_verilated/vgen*.pl \
+	test_regress/*.pl \
+	test_regress/Makefile \
+	test_regress/Makefile_obj \
+	test_regress/input.vc \
+	test_regress/CMakeLists.txt \
 	test_regress/t/t*/*.sv* \
 	test_regress/t/t*/*.v* \
+	test_regress/t/t*/*/*.sv* \
+	test_regress/t/t*/*/*.v* \
 	test_regress/t/*.cpp \
 	test_regress/t/*.h \
 	test_regress/t/*.dat \
@@ -144,25 +185,36 @@ DISTFILES_INC = $(INFOS) .gitignore Artistic COPYING COPYING.LESSER \
 INST_PROJ_FILES = \
 	bin/verilator \
 	bin/verilator_coverage \
+	bin/verilator_gantt \
 	bin/verilator_includer \
 	bin/verilator_profcfunc \
 	include/verilated.mk \
 	include/*.[chv]* \
+	include/gtkwave/*.[chv]* \
 	include/vltstd/*.[chv]* \
 
 INST_PROJ_BIN_FILES = \
-	verilator_bin \
-	verilator_bin_dbg \
-	verilator_coverage_bin_dbg \
+	bin/verilator_bin \
+	bin/verilator_bin_dbg \
+	bin/verilator_coverage_bin_dbg \
 
 DISTFILES := $(DISTFILES_INC)
 
+EXAMPLES_FIRST = \
+	examples/make_hello_c \
+	examples/make_hello_sc \
+
+EXAMPLES = $(EXAMPLES_FIRST) $(filter-out $(EXAMPLES_FIRST), $(sort $(wildcard examples/*)))
+
 ifeq ($(OBJCACHE_JOBS),)
 ifneq ($(OBJCACHE_HOSTS),)
 export OBJCACHE_JOBS := -j $(shell objcache --jobs "$(OBJCACHE_HOSTS)")
 endif
 endif
 
+# See uninstall also - don't put wildcards in this variable, it might uninstall other stuff
+VL_INST_MAN_FILES = verilator.1 verilator_coverage.1 verilator_gantt.1 verilator_profcfunc.1
+
 default: all
 all: all_nomsg msg_test
 all_nomsg: verilator_exe $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES)
@@ -173,43 +225,47 @@ all_nomsg: verilator_exe $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES)
 .PHONY:verilator_coverage_bin_dbg
 verilator_exe verilator_bin verilator_bin_dbg verilator_coverage_bin_dbg:
 	@echo ------------------------------------------------------------
-	@echo "making verilator in src" ; \
-	  (cd src && $(MAKE) $(OBJCACHE_JOBS) )
+	@echo "making verilator in src"
+	$(MAKE) -C src $(OBJCACHE_JOBS)
 
 .PHONY:msg_test
 msg_test: all_nomsg
 	@echo "Build complete!"
 	@echo
-	@echo "Type 'make test' to test."
+	@echo "Now type 'make test' to test."
 	@echo
 
-.PHONY:test
+.PHONY: test
 ifeq ($(CFG_WITH_LONGTESTS),yes)	# Local... Else don't burden users
-test: test_c test_sc test_verilated test_regress
+test: smoke-test test_regress
+# examples is part of test_regress's test_regress/t/t_a2_examples.pl
+# (because that allows it to run in parallel with other test_regress's)
 else
-test: test_c test_sc
+test: smoke-test examples
 endif
 	@echo "Tests passed!"
 	@echo
-	@echo "Type 'make install' to install documentation."
+	@echo "Now type 'make install' to install."
+	@echo "Or type 'make' inside an examples subdirectory."
 	@echo
 
-test_c: all_nomsg
-	@(cd test_c && $(MAKE))
-test_c_debug: all_nomsg
-	@(cd test_c && $(MAKE) test_debug)
-test_sc: all_nomsg
-	@(cd test_sc && $(MAKE))
-test_sc_debug: all_nomsg
-	@(cd test_sc && $(MAKE) test_debug)
-test_verilated: all_nomsg
-	@(cd test_verilated && $(MAKE))
+smoke-test: all_nomsg
+	test_regress/t/t_a1_first_cc.pl
+	test_regress/t/t_a2_first_sc.pl
+
 test_regress: all_nomsg
-	@(cd test_regress && $(MAKE))
+	$(MAKE) -C test_regress
+
+examples: all_nomsg
+	for p in $(EXAMPLES) ; do \
+	  $(MAKE) -C $$p VERILATOR_ROOT=`pwd` || exit 10; \
+	done
+
+.PHONY: docs
+docs: info
 
 info: $(INFOS)
 
-# Use --no-split to avoid creating filenames > 14 chars.
 %.1: ${srcdir}/bin/%
 	pod2man $< $@
 
@@ -220,55 +276,20 @@ verilator.html: ${srcdir}/bin/verilator
 	pod2html $< >$@
 
 # PDF needs DIST variables; but having configure.ac as dependency isn't detected
-verilator.pdf: ${srcdir}/bin/verilator Makefile
-	pod2latex --full --out verilator.tex ${srcdir}/bin/verilator
+verilator.pdf: ${srcdir}/bin/verilator Makefile $(POD2LATEXFIX)
+	pod2latex --full --out verilator.tex $<
 	$(PERL) $(POD2LATEXFIX) "$(DISTTITLE)" "${DISTDATE}" < verilator.tex > verilator2.tex
 	mv verilator2.tex verilator.tex
 	pdflatex verilator.tex
 	pdflatex verilator.tex
 	-rm -f verilator.toc verilator.aux verilator.idx verilator.out
 
-README: README.pod
-	-rm -f $@
-	$(POD2TEXT) --loose $< > $@
-
-README.html: README.pod
-	pod2html $< >$@
-
-# PDF needs DIST variables; but having configure.ac as dependency isn't detected
-README.pdf: README.pod Makefile
-	pod2latex --full --out README.tex README.pod
-	$(PERL) $(POD2LATEXFIX) "$(DISTTITLE) README File" "${DISTDATE}" < README.tex > README2.tex
-	mv README2.tex README.tex
-	pdflatex README.tex
-	pdflatex README.tex
-	-rm -f README.toc README.aux README.idx README.out
-
-internals.txt: internals.pod
-	-rm -f $@
-	$(POD2TEXT) --loose $< > $@
-
-internals.html: internals.pod
-	pod2html $< >$@
-
-# PDF needs DIST variables; but having configure.ac as dependency isn't detected
-internals.pdf: internals.pod Makefile
-	pod2latex --full --out internals.tex internals.pod
-	$(PERL) $(POD2LATEXFIX) "$(DISTTITLE) Internals Manual" "${DISTDATE}" < internals.tex > internals2.tex
-	mv internals2.tex internals.tex
-	pdflatex internals.tex
-	pdflatex internals.tex
-	-rm -f internals.toc internals.aux internals.idx internals.out
-
 # See uninstall also - don't put wildcards in this variable, it might uninstall other stuff
 VL_INST_BIN_FILES = verilator verilator_bin verilator_bin_dbg verilator_coverage_bin_dbg \
-	verilator_coverage verilator_includer verilator_profcfunc
+	verilator_coverage verilator_gantt verilator_includer verilator_profcfunc
 # Some scripts go into both the search path and pkgdatadir,
 # so they can be found by the user, and under $VERILATOR_ROOT.
 
-# See uninstall also - don't put wildcards in this variable, it might uninstall other stuff
-VL_INST_MAN_FILES = verilator.1 verilator_coverage.1 verilator_profcfunc.1
-
 VL_INST_INC_BLDDIR_FILES = \
 	include/verilated_config.h \
 	include/verilated.mk \
@@ -276,35 +297,36 @@ VL_INST_INC_BLDDIR_FILES = \
 # Files under srcdir, instead of build time
 VL_INST_INC_SRCDIR_FILES = \
 	include/*.[chv]* \
+	include/gtkwave/*.[chv]* \
 	include/vltstd/*.[chv]* \
 
 VL_INST_DATA_SRCDIR_FILES = \
-	test_v/*.[chv]* \
-	test_c/*.[chv]*   test_c/Makefile  test_c/Makefile_obj  \
-	test_sc/*.[chv]*  test_sc/Makefile test_sc/Makefile_obj \
+	examples/*/*.[chv]*  examples/*/Makefile* \
+	examples/*/CMakeLists.txt
 
 installbin:
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)
 	( cd ${srcdir}/bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator )
 	( cd ${srcdir}/bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_coverage $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_coverage )
+	( cd ${srcdir}/bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_gantt $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_gantt )
 	( cd ${srcdir}/bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_profcfunc $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_profcfunc )
-	( $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_bin $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_bin )
-	( $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_bin_dbg $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_bin_dbg )
-	( $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_coverage_bin_dbg $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_coverage_bin_dbg )
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/bin
+	( cd bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_bin $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_bin )
+	( cd bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_bin_dbg $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_bin_dbg )
+	( cd bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_coverage_bin_dbg $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_coverage_bin_dbg )
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/bin
 	( cd ${srcdir}/bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_includer $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/bin/verilator_includer )
 
 # Man files can either be part of the original kit, or built in current directory
-# So important we use $< so VPATH is searched
+# So important we use $^ so VPATH is searched
 installman: $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES)
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man1
-	cd $(srcdir) \
-	; for p in $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES) ; do \
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man1
+	for p in $^ ; do \
 	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$p $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man1/$$p; \
 	done
 
 installdata:
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/include/vltstd
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/include/gtkwave
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/include/vltstd
 	for p in $(VL_INST_INC_BLDDIR_FILES) ; do \
 	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$p $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/$$p; \
 	done
@@ -312,15 +334,24 @@ installdata:
 	; for p in $(VL_INST_INC_SRCDIR_FILES) ; do \
 	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$p $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/$$p; \
 	done
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/test_c
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/test_sc
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/test_v
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/make_hello_c
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/make_hello_sc
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/make_tracing_c
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/make_tracing_sc
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/make_protect_lib
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/cmake_hello_c
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/cmake_hello_sc
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/cmake_tracing_c
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/cmake_tracing_sc
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/cmake_protect_lib
 	cd $(srcdir) \
 	; for p in $(VL_INST_DATA_SRCDIR_FILES) ; do \
-	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$p $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/$$p; \
+	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$p $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/$$p; \
 	done
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(pkgconfigdir)
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(DESTDIR)$(pkgconfigdir)
 	$(INSTALL_DATA) verilator.pc $(DESTDIR)$(pkgconfigdir)
+	$(INSTALL_DATA) verilator-config.cmake $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)
+	$(INSTALL_DATA) verilator-config-version.cmake $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)
 
 # We don't trust rm -rf, so rmdir instead as it will fail if user put in other files
 uninstall:
@@ -329,16 +360,26 @@ uninstall:
 	-cd $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man1 && rm -f $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES)
 	-cd $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir) && rm -f $(VL_INST_INC_BLDDIR_FILES)
 	-cd $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir) && rm -f $(VL_INST_INC_SRCDIR_FILES)
-	-cd $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples && rm -f $(VL_INST_DATA_SRCDIR_FILES)
+	-cd $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir) && rm -f $(VL_INST_DATA_SRCDIR_FILES)
 	-rm $(DESTDIR)$(pkgconfigdir)/verilator.pc
+	-rm $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/verilator-config.cmake
+	-rm $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/verilator-config-version.cmake
 	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/bin
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/include/gtkwave
 	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/include/vltstd
 	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/include
-	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/test_c
-	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/test_sc
-	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/test_sp
-	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/test_v
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/make_hello_c
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/make_hello_sc
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/make_tracing_c
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/make_tracing_sc
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/make_protect_lib
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/cmake_hello_c
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/cmake_hello_sc
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/cmake_tracing_c
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/cmake_tracing_sc
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples/cmake_protect_lib
 	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples
+	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/cmake
 	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)
 	-rmdir $(DESTDIR)$(pkgconfigdir)
 
@@ -350,40 +391,15 @@ install-here: installman ftp
 ifeq ($(VERILATOR_AUTHOR_SITE),1)	# Local... Else don't burden users
 DISTNAMEREV = $(shell sed -e '/DTVERSION/!d' -e 's/.*verilator_\([^"]*\).*/\1/' -e q ${srcdir}/src/config_rev.h)
 
-DIRPROJECT := $(shell project_dir --project)
 VERILATOR_CAD_DIR = $(CAD_DIR)/verilator/$(DISTNAMEREV)/$(DIRPROJECT_ARCH)
 INST_PROJ_CVS = cp_if_cvs_diff
 
-install-project: dist
-	@echo "Install-project to $(DIRPROJECT)"
-	strip verilator_bin*
-	strip verilator_coverage_bin*
-	$(MAKE) install-project-quick
-	for p in $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES) ; do \
-	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$p $(DIRPROJECT_PREFIX)/man/man1/$$p; \
-	done
-	$(INST_PROJ_CVS) $(DISTNAME).tgz $(DIRPROJECT)/hw/utils/verilator/verilator.tgz
-	rm $(DISTNAME).tgz
-
-install-project-quick:
-ifeq ($(CFG_WITH_DEFENV),yes)
-	@echo "%Error: Reconfigure with './configure --disable-defenv' to avoid hardcoded paths."
-	false
-endif
-	@echo "Install-project-quick (no strip) to $(DIRPROJECT)"
-	for p in $(INST_PROJ_FILES) ; do \
-	  $(INST_PROJ_CVS) $$p $(DIRPROJECT)/hw/utils/verilator/$$p; \
-	done
-	for p in $(INST_PROJ_BIN_FILES) ; do \
-	  $(INST_PROJ_CVS) $$p $(DIRPROJECT)/hw/utils/verilator/$$p-$(DIRPROJECT_ARCH); \
-	done
-
 install-cadtools: dist
 	@echo "Install-project to $(CAD_DIR)"
-	strip verilator_bin*
-	strip verilator_coverage_bin*
+	strip bin/verilator_bin*
+	strip bin/verilator_coverage_bin*
 	$(MAKE) install-cadtools-quick
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(VERILATOR_CAD_DIR)/man/man1
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(VERILATOR_CAD_DIR)/man/man1
 	for p in $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES) ; do \
 	  $(INSTALL_DATA) $$p $(VERILATOR_CAD_DIR)/man/man1/$$p; \
 	done
@@ -396,8 +412,9 @@ ifeq ($(CFG_WITH_DEFENV),yes)
 	false
 endif
 	@echo "Install-cadtools-quick (no strip) to $(VERILATOR_CAD_DIR)"
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(VERILATOR_CAD_DIR)/include/vltstd
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(VERILATOR_CAD_DIR)/bin
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(VERILATOR_CAD_DIR)/include/gtkwave
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(VERILATOR_CAD_DIR)/include/vltstd
+	$(MKINSTALLDIRS) $(VERILATOR_CAD_DIR)/bin
 	for p in $(INST_PROJ_FILES) ; do \
 	  $(INST_PROJ_CVS) $$p $(VERILATOR_CAD_DIR)/$$p; \
 	done
@@ -409,25 +426,53 @@ endif
 endif
 
 # Use --xml flag to see the cppcheck code to use for suppression
+CPPCHECK_CPP = $(wildcard \
+	$(srcdir)/include/*.cpp \
+	$(srcdir)/src/*.cpp )
+CPPCHECK_H = $(wildcard \
+	$(srcdir)/include/*.h \
+	$(srcdir)/src/*.h )
 CPPCHECK = src/cppcheck_filtered
 CPPCHECK_FLAGS = --enable=all --inline-suppr \
-	--suppress=unusedScopedObject --suppress=cstyleCast --suppress=useInitializationList
+	--suppress=unusedScopedObject --suppress=cstyleCast --suppress=useInitializationList \
+	--suppress=nullPointerRedundantCheck
 CPPCHECK_FLAGS += --xml
-CPPCHECK_CPP = $(wildcard $(srcdir)/include/*.cpp $(srcdir)/src/*.cpp)
 CPPCHECK_DEP = $(subst .cpp,.cppcheck,$(CPPCHECK_CPP))
 CPPCHECK_INC = -I$(srcdir)/include -I$(srcdir)/src/obj_dbg -I$(srcdir)/src
 
 cppcheck: $(CPPCHECK_DEP)
 %.cppcheck: %.cpp
-	$(CPPCHECK) $(CPPCHECK_FLAGS) -DVL_DEBUG=1 $(CPPCHECK_INC) $<
+	$(CPPCHECK) $(CPPCHECK_FLAGS) -DVL_DEBUG=1 -DVL_CPPCHECK=1 $(CPPCHECK_INC) $<
+
+CLANGTIDY = clang-tidy
+CLANGTIDY_FLAGS = -config=''
+CLANGTIDY_DEP = $(subst .h,.h.tidy,$(CPPCHECK_H)) \
+	$(subst .cpp,.cpp.tidy,$(CPPCHECK_CPP))
+
+clangtidy: $(CLANGTIDY_DEP)
+%.cpp.tidy: %.cpp
+	$(CLANGTIDY) $(CLANGTIDY_FLAGS) $< -- -DVL_DEBUG=1 -DVL_CPPCHECK=1 $(CPPCHECK_INC) | 2>&1 tee $@
+%.h.tidy: %.h
+	$(CLANGTIDY) $(CLANGTIDY_FLAGS) $< -- -DVL_DEBUG=1 -DVL_CPPCHECK=1 $(CPPCHECK_INC) | 2>&1 tee $@
+
+analyzer-src:
+	-rm -rf src/obj_dbg
+	scan-build $(MAKE) -k verilator_coverage_bin_dbg verilator_bin_dbg
+
+analyzer-include:
+	-rm -rf examples/*/obj*
+	scan-build $(MAKE) -k examples
 
 ftp: info
 
 install-msg:
-	@echo "Installed!"
+	@echo
+	@echo "Installed binaries to $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator"
+	@echo "Installed man to $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man1"
+	@echo "Installed examples to $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples"
 	@echo
 	@echo "For documentation see 'man verilator' or 'verilator --help'"
-	@echo "For forums and to report bugs see http://www.veripool.org/verilator"
+	@echo "For forums and to report bugs see https://verilator.org"
 	@echo
 
 IN_WILD := ${srcdir}/*.in ${srcdir}/*/*.in
@@ -451,13 +496,13 @@ endif
 
 maintainer-clean::
 	@echo "This command is intended for maintainers to use;"
-	@echo "rebuilding the deleted files requires makeinfo."
-	rm -f *.info* $(INFOS) configure
+	@echo "rebuilding the deleted files requires autoconf."
+	rm -f configure
 
 clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean maintainer-copy::
 	for dir in $(SUBDIRS); do \
 	  echo making $@ in $$dir ; \
-	  (cd $$dir && $(MAKE) $@) ; \
+	  $(MAKE) -C $$dir $@ ; \
 	done
 
 clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean::
@@ -466,10 +511,15 @@ clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean::
 	rm -f *.pg *.pgs *.toc *.tp *.tps *.vr *.vrs *.idx
 	rm -f *.ev *.evs *.ov *.ovs *.cv *.cvs *.ma *.mas
 	rm -f *.tex
+	rm -rf examples/*/obj_dir* examples/*/logs
+	rm -rf test_*/obj_dir
+	rm -rf nodist/obj_dir
 
 distclean maintainer-clean::
+	rm -f *.info* *.1 $(INFOS) $(INFOS_OLD) $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES)
 	rm -f Makefile config.status config.cache config.log TAGS
 	rm -f verilator_bin* verilator_coverage_bin*
+	rm -f bin/verilator_bin* bin/verilator_coverage_bin*
 	rm -f include/verilated.mk include/verilated_config.h
 
 TAGFILES=${srcdir}/*/*.cpp ${srcdir}/*/*.h ${srcdir}/*/*.in \
@@ -481,7 +531,7 @@ TAGS:	$(TAGFILES)
 .PHONY: doxygen
 
 doxygen:
-	$(DOXYGEN) doxygen.config
+	$(MAKE) -C docs doxygen
 
 ######################################################################
 # Test targets
@@ -491,6 +541,9 @@ dist-file-list:
 	@echo $(wildcard $(DISTFILES))
 	@echo "end-dist-file-list:";  # Scripts look for this
 
+print-cfg-with-threaded:
+	@echo $(CFG_WITH_THREADED)
+
 ######################################################################
 # Distributions
 

README.adoc

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+// Github doesn't render images unless absolute URL
+:!toc:
+
+ifdef::env-github[]
+image:https://img.shields.io/badge/License-LGPL%20v3-blue.svg[license LGPLv3,link=https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl-3.0]
+image:https://img.shields.io/badge/License-Artistic%202.0-0298c3.svg[license Artistic-2.0,link=https://opensource.org/licenses/Artistic-2.0]
+image:https://api.codacy.com/project/badge/Grade/ff998fdaa6f64b9a95eb5f342ee6bf4d[Code Quality,link=https://www.codacy.com/manual/wsnyder/verilator]
+image:https://travis-ci.com/verilator/verilator.svg?branch=master[Build Status (Travis CI),link=https://travis-ci.com/verilator/verilator]
+endif::[]
+
+ifdef::env-github[]
+:link_verilator_contributing: link:docs/CONTRIBUTING.adoc
+:link_verilator_install: link:docs/install.adoc
+endif::[]
+ifndef::env-github[]
+:link_verilator_contributing: https://github.com/verilator/verilator/blob/master/docs/CONTRIBUTING.adoc
+:link_verilator_install: https://verilator.org/install
+endif::[]
+
+== Welcome to Verilator
+
+[cols="a,a",indent=0,frame="none"]
+|===
+^.^| *Welcome to Verilator, the fastest free Verilog HDL simulator.*
++++ <br/> +++ &bullet; Accepts synthesizable Verilog or SystemVerilog
++++ <br/> +++ &bullet; Performs lint code-quality checks
++++ <br/> +++ &bullet; Compiles into multithreaded {cpp}, SystemC, or (soon) {cpp}-under-Python
++++ <br/> +++ &bullet; Creates XML to front-end your own tools
+<.^|image:https://www.veripool.org/img/verilator_256_200_min.png[Logo,256,200]
+
+>.^|image:https://www.veripool.org/img/verilator_multithreaded_performance_bg-min.png[,388,178]
+^.^| *Fast*
++++ <br/> +++ &bullet; Outperforms many commercial simulators
++++ <br/> +++ &bullet; Single- and multi-threaded output models
+
+^.^| *Widely Used*
++++ <br/> +++ &bullet; Wide industry and academic deployment
++++ <br/> +++ &bullet; Out-of-the-box support from Arm, and RISC-V vendor IP
+<.^|image:https://www.veripool.org/img/verilator_usage_400x200-min.png[,400,200]
+
+>.^|image:https://www.veripool.org/img/chips_alliance_logo_225x75-min.png[CHIPS Alliance,link=https://chipsalliance.org]
+image:https://www.veripool.org/img/osi_logo_125x125-min.png[,125,125]
+^.^| *Community Driven & Openly Licensed*
++++ <br/> +++ &bullet; Guided by the https://chipsalliance.org/[CHIPS Alliance] and https://www.linuxfoundation.org/[Linux Foundation]
++++ <br/> +++ &bullet; Open, and free as in both speech and beer
++++ <br/> +++ &bullet; More simulation for your verification budget
+|===
+
+== What Verilator Does
+
+Verilator is invoked with parameters similar to GCC or Synopsys's VCS.  It
+"Verilates" the specified synthesizable Verilog or SystemVerilog code by
+reading it, performing lint checks, and optionally inserting assertion
+checks and coverage-analysis points.  It outputs single- or multi-threaded
+.cpp and .h files, the "Verilated" code.
+
+The user writes a little {cpp}/SystemC wrapper file, which instantiates the
+"Verilated" model of the user's top level module.  These {cpp}/SystemC
+files are then compiled by a {cpp} compiler (gcc/clang/MSVC++).  The
+resulting executable performs the design simulation.  Verilator also
+supports linking its generated libraries, optionally encrypted, into other
+simulators.
+
+Verilator may not be the best choice if you are expecting a full featured
+replacement for NC-Verilog, VCS or another commercial Verilog simulator, or
+if you are looking for a behavioral Verilog simulator e.g. for a quick
+class project (we recommend http://iverilog.icarus.com[Icarus Verilog] for
+this.)  However, if you are looking for a path to migrate synthesizable
+Verilog to {cpp} or SystemC, and your team is comfortable writing just a
+touch of {cpp} code, Verilator is the tool for you.
+
+== Performance
+
+Verilator does not simply convert Verilog HDL to {cpp} or SystemC.  Rather
+than only translate, Verilator compiles your code into a much faster
+optimized and optionally thread-partitioned model, which is in turn wrapped
+inside a {cpp}/SystemC/Python module.  The results are a compiled Verilog
+model that executes even on a single-thread over 10x faster than standalone
+SystemC, and on a single thread is about 100 times faster than interpreted
+Verilog simulators such as http://iverilog.icarus.com[Icarus
+Verilog]. Another 2-10x speedup might be gained from multithreading
+(yielding 200-1000x total over interpreted simulators).
+
+Verilator has typically similar or better performance versus the commercial
+Verilog simulators (Carbon Design Systems Carbonator, Modelsim, Cadence
+Incisive/NC-Verilog, Synopsys VCS, VTOC, and Pragmatic CVer/CVC). But,
+Verilator is free, so you can spend on computes rather than licenses. Thus
+Verilator gives you more cycles/dollar than anything else available.
+
+For more information on how Verilator stacks up to some of the other
+commercial and free Verilog simulators, see the
+https://www.veripool.org/verilog_sim_benchmarks.html[Verilog Simulator
+Benchmarks].  (If you benchmark Verilator, please see the notes in the
+https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.pdf[Verilator manual (PDF)], and also
+if possible post on the forums the results; there may be additional tweaks
+possible.)
+
+== Installation & Documentation
+
+For more information:
+
+* {link_verilator_install}[Verilator installation and package directory
+  structure]
+
+* https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.html[Verilator manual (HTML)],
+or https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.pdf[Verilator manual (PDF)]
+
+* https://verilator.org/forum[Verilator forum]
+
+* https://verilator.org/issues[Verilator Issues]
+
+== Community Supported
+
+Verilator is a community project, guided by the
+https://chipsalliance.org/[CHIPS Alliance] under the
+https://www.linuxfoundation.org/[Linux Foundation].
+
+We appreciate and welcome your contributions in whatever form; please see
+{link_verilator_contributing}[Contributing to Verilator].  Thanks to our
+https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.html#CONTRIBUTORS[Contributors and
+Sponsors].
+
+== Related Projects
+
+* http://gtkwave.sourceforge.net/[GTKwave] - Waveform viewer for Verilator
+traces.
+
+* http://iverilog.icarus.com[Icarus Verilog] - Icarus is a full featured
+interpreted Verilog simulator. If Verilator does not support your needs,
+perhaps Icarus may.
+
+== Open License
+
+Verilator is Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  (Report bugs to
+https://verilator.org/issues[Verilator Issues].)
+
+Verilator is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
+the terms of either the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the
+Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.  (See the documentation for more
+details.)

README.pod

@@ -1,201 +0,0 @@
-# DESCRIPTION: DOCUMENT source run through perl to produce README file
-# Use 'make README' to produce the output file
-
-=pod
-
-=head1 NAME
-
-This is the Verilator package README file.
-
-=head1 DISTRIBUTION
-
-http://www.veripool.org/verilator
-
-This package is Copyright 2003-2016 by Wilson Snyder.  (Report bugs to
-L<http://www.veripool.org/>.)
-
-Verilator is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
-the terms of either the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the
-Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.  (See the documentation for more
-details.)
-
-This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
-more details.
-
-=head1 DESCRIPTION
-
-Verilator converts synthesizable (generally not behavioral) Verilog code
-into C++ or SystemC code.  It is not a complete simulator, just a
-translator.
-
-Verilator is invoked with parameters similar to GCC or Synopsys's VCS.  It
-reads the specified Verilog code, lints it, and optionally adds coverage
-code.  For C++ format, it outputs .cpp and .h files.  For SystemC format,
-it outputs .cpp and .h files using the standard SystemC headers.
-
-The resulting files are then compiled with C++.  The user writes a little
-C++ wrapper file, which instantiates the top level module.  This is
-compiled in C++, and linked with the Verilated files.
-
-The resulting executable will perform the actual simulation.
-
-=head1 SUPPORTED SYSTEMS
-
-Verilator is developed and has primary testing on Ubuntu.  Versions have
-also built on Redhat Linux, Macs OS-X, HPUX and Solaris.  It should run
-with minor porting on any Linix-ish platform.  Verilator also works on
-Windows under Cygwin, and Windows under MinGW (gcc -mno-cygwin).  Verilated
-output (not Verilator itself) compiles under MSVC++ 2008 and newer.
-
-=head1 INSTALLATION
-
-For more details see 
-L<http://www.veripool.org/projects/verilator/wiki/Installing>.
-
-If you will be modifying Verilator, you should use the "git" method as it
-will let you track changes.
-
-=over 4
-
-=item
-
-The latest version is available at L<http://www.veripool.org/verilator>.
-
-Download the latest package from that site, and decompress.
-
-    tar xvzf verilator_version.tgz
-
-=item
-
-If you will be using SystemC (vs straight C++ output), download SystemC
-from L<http://www.systemc.org>.  Follow their installation instructions.
-You will need to set SYSTEMC_INCLUDE to point to the include directory with
-systemc.h in it, and SYSTEMC_LIBDIR to points to the directory with
-libsystemc.a in it.  (Older installations may set SYSTEMC and SYSTEMC_ARCH
-instead.)
-
-=item
-
-You will need the C<flex> and C<bison> packages installed.
-
-=item
-
-C<cd> to the Verilator directory containing this README.
-
-=item
-
-You now have to decide how you're going to eventually install the kit.
-
-Note Verilator builds the current value of VERILATOR_ROOT, SYSTEMC_INCLUDE,
-and SYSTEMC_LIBDIR as defaults into the executable, so try to have them
-correct before configuring.
-
-=over 4
-
-=item 1.
-
-Our personal favorite is to always run Verilator from the kit directory.
-This allows the easiest experimentation and upgrading.  It's also how most
-EDA tools operate; to run you point to the tarball, no install is needed.
-
-    export VERILATOR_ROOT=`pwd`   # if your shell is bash
-    setenv VERILATOR_ROOT `pwd`   # if your shell is csh
-    ./configure
-
-=item 2.
-
-To install globally onto a "cad" disk with multiple versions of every tool,
-and add it to path using Modules/modulecmd:
-
-    unset VERILATOR_ROOT      # if your shell is bash
-    unsetenv VERILATOR_ROOT   # if your shell is csh
-    # For the tarball, use the version number instead of git describe
-    ./configure --prefix /CAD_DISK/verilator/`git describe | sed "s/verilator_//"`
-
-    After installing you'll want a module file like the following:
-
-    set install_root /CAD_DISK/verilator/{version-number-used-above}
-    unsetenv VERILATOR_ROOT
-    prepend-path PATH $install_root/bin
-    prepend-path MANPATH $install_root/man
-    prepend-path PKG_CONFIG_PATH $install_root/share/pkgconfig
-
-=item 3.
-
-The next option is to install it globally, using the normal system paths:
-
-    unset VERILATOR_ROOT      # if your shell is bash
-    unsetenv VERILATOR_ROOT   # if your shell is csh
-    ./configure
-
-=item 4.
-
-Alternatively you can configure a prefix that install will populate, as
-most GNU tools support:
-
-    unset VERILATOR_ROOT      # if your shell is bash
-    unsetenv VERILATOR_ROOT   # if your shell is csh
-    ./configure --prefix /opt/verilator-VERSION
-
-Then after installing you will need to add /opt/verilator-VERSION/bin to
-PATH.
-
-=back
-
-=item
-
-Type C<make> to compile Verilator.
-
-Type C<make test> to check the compilation.
-
-Configure with C<--enable-longtests> for more complete developer tests.
-Additional packages may be required for these tests.
-
-You may get a error about a typedef conflict for uint32_t.  Edit
-verilated.h to change the typedef to work, probably to @samp{typedef
-unsigned long uint32_t;}.
-
-=item
-
-If you used the VERILATOR_ROOT scheme you're done.  Programs should set the
-environment variable VERILATOR_ROOT to point to this distribution, then
-execute $VERILATOR_ROOT/bin/verilator, which will find the path to all
-needed files.
-
-If you used the prefix scheme, now do a C<make install>.  To run verilator,
-have the verilator binary directory in your PATH (this should already be
-true if using the default configure), and make sure VERILATOR_ROOT is not
-set.
-
-=back
-
-=head1 USAGE DOCUMENTATION
-
-Detailed documentation and the man page can be seen by running:
-
-    bin/verilator --help
-
-or reading verilator.txt in the same directory as this README.
-
-=head1 DIRECTORY STRUCTURE
-
-The directories in the kit after de-taring are as follows:
-
-    bin/verilator               => Compiler Wrapper invoked to Verilate code
-    include/                    => Files that should be in your -I compiler path
-    include/verilated*.cpp      => Global routines to link into your simulator
-    include/verilated*.h        => Global headers
-    include/verilated.v         => Stub defines for linting
-    include/verilated.mk        => Common makefile
-    src/                        => Translator source code
-    test_v                      => Example Verilog code for other test dirs
-    test_c                      => Example Verilog->C++ conversion
-    test_sc                     => Example Verilog->SystemC conversion
-    test_verilated              => Internal tests
-    test_regress                => Internal tests
-
-=head1 LIMITATIONS
-
-See verilator.txt (or execute C<bin/verilator --help>) for limitations.

TODO

@@ -1,129 +0,0 @@
-// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: List of To Do issues.
-//
-// Copyright 2004-2016 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
-// redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
-// Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
-// Version 2.0.
-
-
-Language support:
-	* Fix ordering of each bit separately in a signal (mips)
-		assign b[3:0] = b[7:4];  assign b[7:4] = in;
-	* Support UDP gate primitives/ cell libraries
-		(have code for combos - problem is sequential udps)
-	* Function to eval combo logic after /*verilator public*/ functions [gwaters]
-	* Support generated clocks (correctness)
-	* Real numbers
-	* Recursive functions
-	* Verilog configuration files
-	* Structs/unions (have starting point)
-	* DPI to define C/C++ calls from Verilog
-	* Expression coverage (see notes)
-	* Better tristate support
-
-Long-term Features
-	* Assertions
-	* Tristate support
-	* Multithreaded execution
-
-Configure/Make/Install
-	* Full MSVC++ compilation (does scons support this?) (4.000?)
-	* Distribute with flex/bison already expanded?
-	  Flex library not needed.  Probably too difficult to be worth it.
-
-Testing:
-	* Move test_c/sp/v/verilated into test_regress format (4.000?)
-	* Capture all inputs into global "rerun it" file
-	* Code to make wrapper that sets signals, so can do comparison checks
-	* New random program generator
-	* Better graph viewer with search and zoom
-	* Port and test against opencores.org code
-	* // verilator debug in code so can see only tree affecting those nodes
-
-Usability:
-	* Detect and pre-remove most UNOPTFLATs (4.000) 
-	* Better reporting of unopt problems, including what lines of code
-	* Report more errors (all of them?) before exiting [Eugene Weber]
-	* Auto-create scons config files
-	* Print version/etc message at runtime. (4.000?)
-	  Include number of lines of code, percent comments, code complexity measurement
-	  <-80chars------------------------------------------------------------------->
-	  Verilator 3.600 - fast, free, open-sourced.  Copyright 2001-2013.
-	  Verilated #### modules, #### instances, ##### sigs,
-	  	    #### non-comment lines, ##### ops, ### KB model size
-	* Default the --l2name to remove extra "v" level of hierarchy (flag to make "top")
-
-Lint:
-	* CDCRSTLOGIC should allow filtering with paths
-	  "waive CDCRSTLOGIC --from a.b.sig  --to a.c.sig --via OR"
-
-Internal Code:
-	* Eliminate the AstNUser* passed to all visitors; its only needed in V3Width,
-	  and removing it will speed up and simplify all the other code.
-	* V3Graph should be templated container type, taking in Vertex + Edge types
-	* Rename V3PreLex etc to match VerilogPerl filenames
-	* Instead of string, have an VEncodedString/VIdString which contains __DOT__ish
-	  things, to reduce bugs.  Also add _20 trailing space to \ encoded names. (4.000)
-
-Runtime:
-	* New evalulation loop   ~/src/verilator/notes/event_loop.txt (4.000?)
-	* Remove all private internal functions from top level wrapper header, move
-	  to new level (4.000?)
-	* Completely standalone simulation (4.000)
-	   main() records arguments for $test$plusvars
-	   instantiates top,
-	   does tracing  (support $dump?)
-	   calls top->simulateForever()
-	   exits
-
-Performance:
-	* Latch optimizations
-	* Constant propagation
-		Extra cleaning AND:  1 & ((VARREF >> 1) | ((&VARREF >> 1) & VARREF))
-		Extra shift (perhaps due to clean): if (1 & CAST (VARREF >> #))
-	* Gated clock and latch conversion to flops.  [JeanPaul Vanitegem]
-		Could propagate the AND into pos/negedges and let domaining optimize.
-	* Negedge reset
-		Switch to remove negedges that don't matter
-		Can't remove async resets from control flops (like in syncronizers)
-	* If all references to array have a constant index, blow up into separate signals-per-index
-	* Bit-multiply for faster bit swapping and a=b[1,3,2] random bit reorderings.
-	* Move _last sets and all other combo logic inside master
-		if() that triggers on all possible sense items
-	* Rewrite and combine V3Life, V3Subst
-		If block temp only ever set in one place to constant, propagate it
-			Used in t_mem for array delayed assignments
-		Replace variables if set later in same cfunc branch
-			See for example duplicate sets of _narrow in cycle 90/91 of t_select_plusloop
-	* Same assignment on both if branches
-		"if (a) { ... b=2; } else { ... b=2;}" -> "b=2; if ..."
-		Careful though, as b could appear in the statement or multiple times in statement
-		(Could just require exatly two 'b's in statement)
-	* Simplify XOR/XNOR/AND/OR bit selection trees
-		Foo = A[1] ^ A[2] ^ A[3] etc are better as ^ ( A & 32'b...1110 )
-	* Combine variables into wider elements
-		Parallel statements on different bits should become single signal
-		Variables that are always consumed in "parallel" can be joined
-	* Duplicate assignments in gate optimization
-		Common to have many separate posedge blocks, each with identical
-		reset_r <= rst_in
-	* If signal is used only once (not counting trace), always gate substitute
-		Don't merge if any combining would form circ logic (out goes back to in)
-	* Multiple assignments each bit can become single assign with concat
-		Make sure a SEL of a CONCAT can get the single bit back.
-	* Usually blocks/values
-		Enable only after certain time, so VL_TIME_I(32) > 0x1e gets eliminated out
-	* Better ordering of a<=b, b<=c, put all refs to 'b' next to each other to optimize caching
-	* Allow Split of case statements without a $display/$stop
-	* I-cache packing improvements (what/how?)
-	* Data cache organization (order of vars in class)
-		First have clocks,
-		then bools instead of uint32_t's
-		then based on what sense list they come from, all outputs, then all inputs
-		finally have any signals part of a "usually" block, or constant.
-	* Rather then tracking widths, have a MSB...LSB of this expression
-		(or better, a bitmask of bits relevant in this expression)
-	* Track recirculation and convert into clock-enables
-	* Clock enables should become new clocking domains for speed
-	* If floped(a) & flopped(b) and no other a&b, then instead flop(a&b).
-	* Sort by output bitselects so can combine more assignments (see DDP example dx_dm signal)

bin/verilator_coverage

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ eval 'exec perl -wS $0 ${1+"$@"}'
   if 0;
 ######################################################################
 #
-# Copyright 2003-2016 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
 # can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 # Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
 # Version 2.0.
@@ -17,13 +17,6 @@ eval 'exec perl -wS $0 ${1+"$@"}'
 
 require 5.006_001;
 use warnings;
-BEGIN {
-    if ($ENV{DIRPROJECT} && $ENV{DIRPROJECT_PERL_BOOT}) {
-	# Magic to allow author testing of perl packages in local directory
-	require $ENV{DIRPROJECT}."/".$ENV{DIRPROJECT_PERL_BOOT};
-    }
-}
-
 use Getopt::Long;
 use FindBin qw($RealBin $RealScript);
 use IO::File;
@@ -31,7 +24,7 @@ use Pod::Usage;
 use Cwd qw(abs_path getcwd);
 
 use strict;
-use vars qw ($Debug @Opt_Verilator_Sw);
+use vars qw($Debug @Opt_Verilator_Sw);
 
 #######################################################################
 #######################################################################
@@ -54,26 +47,26 @@ foreach my $sw (@ARGV) {
     push @Opt_Verilator_Sw, $sw;
 }
 
-Getopt::Long::config ("no_auto_abbrev","pass_through");
+Getopt::Long::config("no_auto_abbrev","pass_through");
 if (! GetOptions (
-	  # Major operating modes
-	  "help"	=> \&usage,
-	  "debug:s"	=> \&debug,
-	  # "version!"	=> \&version,	# Also passthru'ed
-	  # Additional parameters
-	  "<>"		=> sub {},	# Ignored
+          # Major operating modes
+          "help"        => \&usage,
+          "debug:s"     => \&debug,
+          # "version!"  => \&version,   # Also passthru'ed
+          # Additional parameters
+          "<>"          => sub {},      # Ignored
     )) {
     pod2usage(-exitstatus=>2, -verbose=>0);
 }
 
 # Normal, non gdb
-run (verilator_coverage_bin()
-     ." ".join(' ',@Opt_Verilator_Sw));
+run(verilator_coverage_bin()
+    ." ".join(' ',@Opt_Verilator_Sw));
 
 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 sub usage {
-    pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval=>2, -output=>\*STDOUT);
+    pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval=>0, -output=>\*STDOUT);
 }
 
 sub debug {
@@ -90,23 +83,25 @@ sub verilator_coverage_bin {
     my $bin = "";
     # Use VERILATOR_ROOT if defined, else assume verilator_bin is in the search path
     my $basename = ($ENV{VERILATOR_COVERAGE_BIN}
-		    || "verilator_coverage_bin_dbg");
+                    || "verilator_coverage_bin_dbg");
     if (defined($ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT})) {
-	my $dir = $ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT};
-	if (-x "$dir/bin/$basename") {  # From a "make install" into VERILATOR_ROOT
-	    $bin = "$dir/bin/$basename";
-	} else {
-	    $bin = "$dir/$basename";  # From pointing to kit directory
-	}
+        my $dir = $ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT};
+        if (-x "$dir/bin/$basename"
+            || -x "$dir/bin/$basename.exe") {  # From a "make install" into VERILATOR_ROOT
+            $bin = "$dir/bin/$basename";
+        } else {
+            $bin = "$dir/$basename";  # From pointing to kit directory
+        }
     } else {
-	if (-x "$RealBin/$basename") {
-	    $bin = "$RealBin/$basename";  # From path/to/verilator with verilator_bin installed
-	} else {
-	    $bin = $basename;  # Find in PATH
-	}
-	# Note we don't look under bin/$basename which would be right if running
-	# in the kit dir. Running that would likely break, since
-	# VERILATOR_ROOT wouldn't be set and Verilator won't find internal files.
+        if (-x "$RealBin/$basename"
+            || -x "$RealBin/$basename.exe") {
+            $bin = "$RealBin/$basename";  # From path/to/verilator with verilator_bin installed
+        } else {
+            $bin = $basename;  # Find in PATH
+        }
+        # Note we don't look under bin/$basename which would be right if running
+        # in the kit dir. Running that would likely break, since
+        # VERILATOR_ROOT wouldn't be set and Verilator won't find internal files.
     }
     return $bin;
 }
@@ -123,23 +118,28 @@ sub run {
     system($command);
     my $status = $?;
     if ($status) {
-	if ($! =~ /no such file or directory/i) {
-	    warn "%Error: verilator_coverage: Misinstalled, or VERILATOR_ROOT might need to be in environment\n";
-	}
-	if ($Debug) {  # For easy rerunning
-	    warn "%Error: export VERILATOR_ROOT=".($ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT}||"")."\n";
-	    warn "%Error: $command\n";
-	}
-	if ($status & 127) {
-	    if (($status & 127) == 8 || ($status & 127) == 11) { # SIGFPA or SIGSEGV
-		warn "%Error: Verilator_coverage internal fault, sorry.\n" if !$Debug;
-	    } elsif (($status & 127) == 6) {  # SIGABRT
-		warn "%Error: Verilator_coverage aborted.\n" if !$Debug;
-	    } else {
-		warn "%Error: Verilator_coverage threw signal $status.\n" if !$Debug;
-	    }
-	}
-	die "%Error: Command Failed $command\n";
+        if ($! =~ /no such file or directory/i) {
+            warn "%Error: verilator_coverage: Misinstalled, or VERILATOR_ROOT might need to be in environment\n";
+        }
+        if ($Debug) {  # For easy rerunning
+            warn "%Error: export VERILATOR_ROOT=".($ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT}||"")."\n";
+            warn "%Error: $command\n";
+        }
+        if ($status & 127) {
+            if (($status & 127) == 8 || ($status & 127) == 11) { # SIGFPA or SIGSEGV
+                warn "%Error: Verilator_coverage internal fault, sorry.\n" if !$Debug;
+            } elsif (($status & 127) == 6) {  # SIGABRT
+                warn "%Error: Verilator_coverage aborted.\n" if !$Debug;
+            } else {
+                warn "%Error: Verilator_coverage threw signal $status.\n" if !$Debug;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($status != 256 || $Debug) {  # i.e. not normal exit(1)
+            warn "%Error: Command Failed $command\n";
+        }
+        exit $! if $!;  # errno
+        exit $? >> 8 if $? >> 8;  # child exit status
+        exit 255;  # last resort
     }
 }
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ additional points.
 Additional Verilog-standard arguments specify the search paths necessary to
 find the source code that the coverage analysis was performed on.
 
-To get correct coverage percentages, you may wish to read logs/coverage.pl
+To get correct coverage percentages, you may wish to read logs/coverage.dat
 into Emacs and do a M-x keep-lines to include only those statistics of
 interest.
 
@@ -269,9 +269,9 @@ Specifies a module search directory.
 
 =head1 DISTRIBUTION
 
-The latest version is available from L<http://www.veripool.org/>.
+The latest version is available from L<https://verilator.org>.
 
-Copyright 2003-2016 by Wilson Snyder.  Verilator is free software; you can
+Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  Verilator is free software; you can
 redistribute it and/or modify the Verilator internals under the terms of
 either the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic
 License Version 2.0.

bin/verilator_difftree

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use Getopt::Long;
 use IO::File;
 use Pod::Usage;
 use strict;
-use vars qw ($Debug);
+use vars qw($Debug);
 
 #======================================================================
 
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ my $Opt_B;
 my $Opt_Lineno = 1;
 autoflush STDOUT 1;
 autoflush STDERR 1;
-Getopt::Long::config ("no_auto_abbrev");
-if (! GetOptions (
-	  "help"	=> \&usage,
-	  "debug"	=> \&debug,
-	  "<>"		=> \&parameter,
-	  "lineno!"	=> \$Opt_Lineno,
+Getopt::Long::config("no_auto_abbrev");
+if (! GetOptions(
+          "help"        => \&usage,
+          "debug"       => \&debug,
+          "<>"          => \&parameter,
+          "lineno!"     => \$Opt_Lineno,
     )) {
     die "%Error: Bad usage, try 'verilator_difftree --help'\n";
 }
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ defined $Opt_B or die "%Error: No new diff filename\n";
 -e $Opt_B or die "%Error: No new diff filename found: $Opt_B\n";
 
 if (-d $Opt_A && -d $Opt_B) {
-    diff_dir ($Opt_A, $Opt_B);
+    diff_dir($Opt_A, $Opt_B);
 } elsif (-f $Opt_A && -f $Opt_B) {
-    diff_file ($Opt_A, $Opt_B);
+    diff_file($Opt_A, $Opt_B);
 } else {
     die "%Error: Mix of files and dirs\n";
 }
@@ -68,24 +68,25 @@ sub diff_dir {
     my %files;
 
     foreach my $fn (glob("$a/*.tree")) {
-	(my $base = $fn) =~ s!.*/!!;
-	$files{$base}{a} = $fn;
+        (my $base = $fn) =~ s!.*/!!;
+        $files{$base}{a} = $fn;
     }
     foreach my $fn (glob("$b/*.tree")) {
-	(my $base = $fn) =~ s!.*/!!;
-	$files{$base}{b} = $fn;
+        (my $base = $fn) =~ s!.*/!!;
+        $files{$base}{b} = $fn;
     }
     my $any;
     foreach my $base (sort (keys %files)) {
-	my $a = $files{$base}{a};
-	my $b = $files{$base}{b};
-	next if !$a || !$b;
-	print "="x70,"\n";
-	print "= $a <-> $b\n";
-	diff_file($a,$b);
-	$any = 1;
+        my $a = $files{$base}{a};
+        my $b = $files{$base}{b};
+        next if !$a || !$b;
+        print "="x70,"\n";
+        print "= $a <-> $b\n";
+        diff_file($a,$b);
+        $any = 1;
     }
-    $any or warn "%Warning: No .tree files found\n";
+    $any or warn("%Warning: No .tree files found that have similar base names:\n    "
+                 .join("\n    ", sort keys %files),"\n");
 }
 
 sub diff_file {
@@ -100,10 +101,10 @@ sub diff_file {
     my $vera = version_from($a);
     my $verb = version_from($b);
     my $verCvt = (($vera < 0x3900 && $verb >= 0x3900)
-		  || ($vera >= 0x3900 && $verb < 0x3900));
+                  || ($vera >= 0x3900 && $verb < 0x3900));
 
-    filter ($a, $tmp_a, $verCvt);
-    filter ($b, $tmp_b, $verCvt);
+    filter($a, $tmp_a, $verCvt);
+    filter($b, $tmp_b, $verCvt);
     system("diff -u $tmp_a $tmp_b");
     unlink $tmp_a;
     unlink $tmp_b;
@@ -114,8 +115,8 @@ sub version_from {
     # Return dump format
     my $f1 = IO::File->new ($fn) or die "%Error: $! $fn,";
     while (defined (my $line=$f1->getline())) {
-	last if $. > 10;
-	return hex $1 if $line =~ /\(format (0x[0-9.]+)\)/;
+        last if $. > 10;
+        return hex $1 if $line =~ /\(format (0x[0-9.]+)\)/;
     }
     return 1.0;
 }
@@ -129,36 +130,36 @@ sub filter {
     my $f2 = IO::File->new ($fn2,"w") or die "%Error: $! $fn2,";
     while (defined (my $line=$f1->getline())) {
       same_line:
-	next if $line =~ / This=/;
-	$line =~ s/0x[a-f0-9]+/0x/g;
-	$line =~ s/<e[0-9]+\#?>/<e>/g;
-	$line =~ s/{[a-z]*\d+}/{}/g if !$Opt_Lineno;
-	if ($verCvt) {
-	    next if $line =~ /^     NETLIST/;
-	    $line =~ s!\@dt=0x\(G?/?([^)]+)\)!$1!g;  # NEW: @dt -> OLD: non @dt format
-	    #					     # Below Ver1_Non_Dtyped may replace above further
-	    if ($line =~ /: ([A-Z]+) /) {
-		my $type = $1;
-		next if $type =~ 'DTYPE';
-		if ($type eq 'TYPETABLE' || $type eq 'RANGE') {
-		    $line =~ /^(\s+\S+:) /; my $prefix = $1;
-		    while (defined ($line=$f1->getline())) {
-			next if $line =~ /^\s+[a-z]/;  # Table body
-			next if $line =~ /^${prefix}[0-9]:/;
-			goto same_line;
-		    }
-		    next;
-		}
-		if ($Ver1_Non_Dtyped{$type}) {
-		    $line =~ s! w[0-9]+!!g;
-		}
-	    }
-	    $line =~ s!\@dt=0$!NoW!g;   # NEW: dt=null -> common format
-	    $line =~ s!\@dt=0 !NoW !g;  # NEW: dt=null -> common format
-	    $line =~ s! s?w0$! NoW!g;   # OLD: no width -> common format
-	    $line =~ s! s?w0 ! NoW !g;  # OLD: no width -> common format
-	}
-	print $f2 $line;
+        next if $line =~ / This=/;
+        $line =~ s/0x[a-f0-9]+/0x/g;
+        $line =~ s/<e[0-9]+\#?>/<e>/g;
+        $line =~ s/{[a-z]*\d+}/{}/g if !$Opt_Lineno;
+        if ($verCvt) {
+            next if $line =~ /^     NETLIST/;
+            $line =~ s!\@dt=0x\(G?/?([^)]+)\)!$1!g;  # NEW: @dt -> OLD: non @dt format
+            #                                        # Below Ver1_Non_Dtyped may replace above further
+            if ($line =~ /: ([A-Z]+) /) {
+                my $type = $1;
+                next if $type =~ 'DTYPE';
+                if ($type eq 'TYPETABLE' || $type eq 'RANGE') {
+                    $line =~ /^(\s+\S+:) /; my $prefix = $1;
+                    while (defined ($line=$f1->getline())) {
+                        next if $line =~ /^\s+[a-z]/;  # Table body
+                        next if $line =~ /^${prefix}[0-9]:/;
+                        goto same_line;
+                    }
+                    next;
+                }
+                if ($Ver1_Non_Dtyped{$type}) {
+                    $line =~ s! w[0-9]+!!g;
+                }
+            }
+            $line =~ s!\@dt=0$!NoW!g;   # NEW: dt=null -> common format
+            $line =~ s!\@dt=0 !NoW !g;  # NEW: dt=null -> common format
+            $line =~ s! s?w0$! NoW!g;   # OLD: no width -> common format
+            $line =~ s! s?w0 ! NoW !g;  # OLD: no width -> common format
+        }
+        print $f2 $line;
     }
     $f1->close;
     $f2->close;
@@ -167,8 +168,8 @@ sub filter {
 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 sub usage {
-    pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval=>2, -output=>\*STDOUT);
-    exit (1);
+    pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval=>0, -output=>\*STDOUT);
+    exit(1);  # Unreachable
 }
 
 sub debug {
@@ -178,11 +179,11 @@ sub debug {
 sub parameter {
     my $param = shift;
     if (!defined $Opt_A) {
-	$Opt_A = $param;
+        $Opt_A = $param;
     } elsif (!defined $Opt_B) {
-	$Opt_B = $param;
+        $Opt_B = $param;
     } else {
-	die "%Error: Unknown parameter: $param\n";
+        die "%Error: Unknown parameter: $param\n";
     }
 }
 
@@ -233,9 +234,9 @@ Do not show differences in line numbering.
 
 =head1 DISTRIBUTION
 
-The latest version is available from L<http://www.veripool.org/verilator>.
+The latest version is available from L<https://verilator.org>.
 
-Copyright 2005-2016 by Wilson Snyder.  This package is free software; you can
+Copyright 2005-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  This package is free software; you can
 redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU Lesser
 General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
 

bin/verilator_gantt

@@ -0,0 +1,560 @@
+: # -*-Mode: perl;-*- use perl, wherever it is
+eval 'exec perl -wS $0 ${1+"$@"}'
+  if 0;
+# See copyright, etc in below POD section.
+######################################################################
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Getopt::Long;
+use IO::File;
+use Pod::Usage;
+use vars qw($Debug);
+
+$Debug = 0;
+my $Opt_File;
+my $Opt_Time_Per_Char = 0;  # rdtsc ticks per char in gantt chart, 0=auto
+my $opt_vcd = "profile_threads.vcd";
+
+our %Threads;
+our %Mtasks;
+our %Global;
+
+autoflush STDOUT 1;
+autoflush STDERR 1;
+Getopt::Long::config("no_auto_abbrev");
+if (! GetOptions(
+          "help"        => \&usage,
+          "scale=i"     => \$Opt_Time_Per_Char,
+          "debug"       => sub { $Debug = 1; },
+          "vcd=s"       => \$opt_vcd,
+          "no-vcd!"     => sub { $opt_vcd = undef; },
+          "<>"          => \&parameter,
+    )) {
+    die "%Error: Bad usage, try 'verilator_gantt --help'\n";
+}
+
+$Opt_File = "profile_threads.dat" if !defined $Opt_File;
+
+process($Opt_File);
+write_vcd($opt_vcd) if defined $opt_vcd;
+exit(0);
+
+#######################################################################
+
+sub usage {
+    pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval=>0, -output=>\*STDOUT);
+    exit(1);  # Unreachable
+}
+
+sub parameter {
+    my $param = shift;
+    if (!defined $Opt_File) {
+        $Opt_File = $param;
+    } else {
+        die "%Error: Unknown parameter: $param\n";
+    }
+}
+
+#######################################################################
+
+sub process {
+    my $filename = shift;
+
+    read_data($filename);
+    report();
+}
+
+#######################################################################
+
+sub read_data {
+    my $filename = shift;
+
+    %Global = (rdtsc_cycle_time => 0);
+
+    my $fh = IO::File->new ($filename) or die "%Error: $! $filename,";
+    while (my $line = $fh->getline) {
+        if ($line =~ m/VLPROF mtask\s(\d+)\sstart\s(\d+)\send\s(\d+)\selapsed\s(\d+)\spredict_time\s(\d+)\scpu\s(\d+)\son thread (\d+)/) {
+            my $mtask = $1;
+            my $start = $2;
+            my $end = $3;
+            my $elapsed_time = $4;
+            my $predict_time = $5;
+            my $cpu = $6;
+            my $thread = $7;
+            $Threads{$thread}{$start}{mtask} = $mtask;
+            $Threads{$thread}{$start}{end} = $end;
+            $Threads{$thread}{$start}{cpu} = $cpu;
+
+            if (!exists $Mtasks{$mtask}{elapsed}) {
+                $Mtasks{$mtask}{elapsed} = 0;
+            }
+            $Mtasks{$mtask}{elapsed} += $elapsed_time;
+            $Mtasks{$mtask}{predict} = $predict_time;
+            $Mtasks{$mtask}{end} = max($Mtasks{$mtask}{end}, $end);
+        }
+        elsif ($line =~ /^VLPROFTHREAD/) {}
+        elsif ($line =~ m/VLPROF arg\s+(\S+)\+([0-9.])\s*$/
+               || $line =~ m/VLPROF arg\s+(\S+)\s+([0-9.])\s*$/) {
+            $Global{args}{$1} = $2;
+        }
+        elsif ($line =~ m/VLPROF stat\s+(\S+)\s+([0-9.]+)/) {
+            $Global{stats}{$1} = $2;
+        }
+        elsif ($line =~ /^#/) {}
+        elsif ($Debug) {
+            chomp $line;
+            print "Unk: $line\n";
+        }
+        # TODO -- this is parsing text printed by a client.
+        # Really, verilator proper should generate this
+        # if it's useful...
+        if ($line =~ m/rdtsc time = (\d+) ticks/) {
+            $Global{rdtsc_cycle_time} = $1;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub report {
+    print "Verilator Gantt report\n";
+
+    print "\nArgument settings:\n";
+    foreach my $arg (sort keys %{$Global{args}}) {
+        my $plus = ($arg =~ /^\+/) ? "+" : " ";
+        printf "  %s%s%d\n", $arg, $plus, $Global{args}{$arg};
+    }
+
+    my $nthreads = scalar keys %Threads;
+    $Global{cpus}{cpu_time} = {};
+    foreach my $thread (keys %Threads) {
+        # Make potentially multiple characters per column
+        foreach my $start (keys %{$Threads{$thread}}) {
+            my $cpu = $Threads{$thread}{$start}{cpu};
+            my $elapsed = $Threads{$thread}{$start}{end} - $start;
+            $Global{cpus}{cpu_time}{$cpu} += $elapsed;
+        }
+    }
+
+    my $mt_mtask_time = 0;
+    my $long_mtask_time = 0;
+    my $last_end = 0;
+    foreach my $mtask (keys %Mtasks) {
+        $mt_mtask_time += $Mtasks{$mtask}{elapsed};
+        $last_end = max($last_end, $Mtasks{$mtask}{end});
+        $long_mtask_time = max($long_mtask_time, $Mtasks{$mtask}{elapsed});
+    }
+    $Global{last_end} = $last_end;
+
+    report_graph();
+
+    # If we know cycle time in the same (rdtsc) units,
+    # this will give us an actual utilization number,
+    # (how effectively we keep the cores busy.)
+    #
+    # It also gives us a number we can compare against
+    # serial mode, to estimate the overhead of data sharing,
+    # which will show up in the total elapsed time. (Overhead
+    # of synchronization and scheduling should not.)
+    print "\nAnalysis:\n";
+    printf "  Total threads             = %d\n", $nthreads;
+    printf "  Total mtasks              = %d\n", scalar(keys %Mtasks);
+    printf "  Total cpus used           = %d\n", scalar(keys %{$Global{cpus}});
+    printf "  Total yields              = %d\n", $Global{stats}{yields};
+    printf "  Total eval time           = %d rdtsc ticks\n", $Global{last_end};
+    printf "  Longest mtask time        = %d rdtsc ticks\n", $long_mtask_time;
+    printf "  All-thread mtask time     = %d rdtsc ticks\n", $mt_mtask_time;
+    my $long_efficiency = $long_mtask_time/($Global{last_end});
+    printf "  Longest-thread efficiency = %0.1f%%\n", $long_efficiency*100;
+    my $mt_efficiency = $mt_mtask_time/($Global{last_end}*$nthreads);
+    printf "  All-thread efficiency     = %0.1f%%\n", $mt_efficiency*100;
+    printf "  All-thread speedup        = %0.1f\n", $mt_efficiency*$nthreads;
+    if ($Global{rdtsc_cycle_time} > 0) {
+        my $ut = $mt_mtask_time / $Global{rdtsc_cycle_time};
+        print "tot_mtask_cpu=$mt_mtask_time cyc=$Global{rdtsc_cycle_time} ut=$ut\n";
+    }
+
+    my @p2e_ratios;
+    my $min_p2e = 1000000;
+    my $min_mtask;
+    my $max_p2e = -1000000;
+    my $max_mtask;
+    foreach my $mtask (sort keys %Mtasks) {
+        if ($Mtasks{$mtask}{elapsed} > 0) {
+            if ($Mtasks{$mtask}{predict} == 0) {
+                $Mtasks{$mtask}{predict} = 1;  # don't log(0) below
+            }
+            my $p2e_ratio = log( $Mtasks{$mtask}{predict} / $Mtasks{$mtask}{elapsed} );
+            #print "log(p2e $mtask) = $p2e_ratio   (predict $Mtasks{$mtask}{predict}, elapsed $Mtasks{$mtask}{elapsed})\n";
+            push @p2e_ratios, $p2e_ratio;
+
+            if ($p2e_ratio > $max_p2e) {
+                $max_p2e = $p2e_ratio;
+                $max_mtask = $mtask;
+            }
+            if ($p2e_ratio < $min_p2e) {
+                $min_p2e = $p2e_ratio;
+                $min_mtask = $mtask;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    print "\nStatistics:\n";
+    print "  min log(p2e) = $min_p2e  from mtask $min_mtask (predict $Mtasks{$min_mtask}{predict}, elapsed $Mtasks{$min_mtask}{elapsed})\n";
+    print "  max log(p2e) = $max_p2e  from mtask $max_mtask (predict $Mtasks{$max_mtask}{predict}, elapsed $Mtasks{$max_mtask}{elapsed})\n";
+
+    my $stddev = stddev(\@p2e_ratios);
+    my $mean = mean(\@p2e_ratios);
+    print "  mean = " . ($mean) . "\n";
+    print "  stddev = " . ($stddev) . "\n";
+    print "  e ^ stddev = " . exp($stddev). "\n";
+    print "\n";
+}
+
+sub report_graph {
+    my $time_per = $Opt_Time_Per_Char;
+    if ($time_per == 0) {
+        $time_per = ($Global{last_end} / 40);  # Start with 40 columns
+        while ($time_per > 10) {
+            my ($graph, $conflicts) = _make_graph($time_per);
+            last if !$conflicts;
+            $time_per = int($time_per/2);
+        }
+        # One more step so we can fit more labels
+        $time_per = int($time_per/2);
+    }
+
+    my ($graph, $conflicts) = _make_graph($time_per);
+
+    print "\nThread gantt graph:\n";
+    print "  Legend: One character width = $time_per rdtsc ticks\n";
+    print "  Legend: '&' = multiple mtasks in this period (character width)\n";
+
+    my $scale = "   <-".$Global{last_end}." rdtsc total";
+    for (my $col = length($scale);  # -2 for '->' below
+         $col < ($Global{last_end}/$time_per); ++$col) {
+        $scale .= "-";
+    }
+    print "  $scale->\n";
+
+    foreach my $thread (sort keys %{$graph}) {
+        print "  t: ";
+        _print_graph_line($graph->{$thread}, '');
+    }
+}
+
+sub _make_graph {
+    my $time_per = shift;
+
+    my $graph = {};  # {thread}{column}{char=>'x' or chars=>#}
+    my $conflicts = 0;
+    foreach my $thread (keys %Threads) {
+        # Make potentially multiple characters per column
+        foreach my $start (sort {$a <=> $b} keys %{$Threads{$thread}}) {
+            my $end = $Threads{$thread}{$start}{end};
+            my $mtask = $Threads{$thread}{$start}{mtask};
+            my $cpu = $Threads{$thread}{$start}{cpu};
+
+            my $startcol = _time_col($time_per, $start);
+            my $endcol = _time_col($time_per, $end);
+
+            my $label = "[";
+            $label .= "$cpu";  # Maybe make optional in future
+            my $width = $endcol - $startcol + 1;
+            while (length($label) < ($width-1)) {  # -1 for ']'
+                $label .= "-";
+            }
+            $label .= "]";
+            $graph->{$thread}[$startcol]{char} .= $label;
+        }
+        if ($Debug) {
+            print "# Multicol: "; _print_graph_line($graph->{$thread}, '|');
+        }
+        # Expand line to one char per column
+        for (my $col = 0; $col <= $#{$graph->{$thread}}; ++$col) {
+            if (my $chars = $graph->{$thread}[$col]{char}) {
+                my $ok = 1;
+                for (my $coladd = 1; $coladd<length($chars); ++$coladd) {
+                    if ($graph->{$thread}[$col + $coladd]{char}) {
+                        $ok = 0; last;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (!$ok) {
+                    if ($chars =~ /\[.*\[/) {  # Two begins or more
+                        $conflicts++;
+                        $graph->{$thread}[$col]{char} = "&";
+                    } else {
+                        $graph->{$thread}[$col]{char} = "[";
+                    }
+                    for (my $coladd = 1; $coladd<length($chars); ++$coladd) {
+                        if ($graph->{$thread}[$col + $coladd]{char}) {
+                            last;
+                        } else {
+                            $graph->{$thread}[$col + $coladd]{char} = 'x';
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    my $coladd = 0;
+                    foreach my $char (split //, $chars) {
+                        $graph->{$thread}[$col+$coladd]{char} = $char;
+                        ++$coladd;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if ($Debug) {
+            print "# Singlcol: "; _print_graph_line($graph->{$thread}, '|');
+        }
+    }
+    print "# Conflicts $conflicts\n" if $Debug;
+    return ($graph, $conflicts);
+}
+
+sub _print_graph_line {
+    my $graph_thread = shift;
+    my $sep = shift;
+    for (my $col = 0; $col <= $#{$graph_thread}; ++$col) {
+        my $c = $graph_thread->[$col]{char}; $c=' ' if !defined $c;
+        print $c, $sep;
+    }
+    print "\n";
+}
+
+sub _time_col {
+    my $time_per = shift;
+    my $time = shift;
+    return int($time/$time_per);
+}
+
+#######################################################################
+
+sub write_vcd {
+    my $filename = shift;
+    print "Writing $filename\n";
+    my $fh = IO::File->new(">$filename") or die "%Error: $! $filename,";
+    my $vcd = {values => {},  # {<time>}{<code>} = value
+               sigs => {},  # {<module>}{<sig}} = code
+               code => 0,
+    };
+
+    my %parallelism;
+    foreach my $thread (keys %Threads) {
+        my $mcode = ($vcd->{sigs}{threads}{"thread${thread}_mtask"} ||= $vcd->{code}++);
+        foreach my $start (sort {$a <=> $b} keys %{$Threads{$thread}}) {
+            my $end = $Threads{$thread}{$start}{end};
+            my $mtask = $Threads{$thread}{$start}{mtask};
+            my $cpu = $Threads{$thread}{$start}{cpu};
+            $vcd->{values}{$start}{$mcode} = $mtask;
+            $vcd->{values}{$end}{$mcode} = undef;
+            $parallelism{$start}++;
+            $parallelism{$end}--;
+
+            my $ccode = $vcd->{sigs}{cpus}{"cpu${cpu}_thread"} ||= $vcd->{code}++;
+            $vcd->{values}{$start}{$ccode} = $thread;
+            $vcd->{values}{$end}{$ccode} = undef;
+
+            my $mcode = $vcd->{sigs}{mtasks}{"mtask${mtask}_cpu"} ||= $vcd->{code}++;
+            $vcd->{values}{$start}{$mcode} = $cpu;
+            $vcd->{values}{$end}{$mcode} = undef;
+        }
+    }
+    {
+        my $pcode = ($vcd->{sigs}{Stats}{"parallelism"} ||= $vcd->{code}++);
+        my $value = 0;
+        foreach my $time (sort {$a<=>$b} keys %parallelism) {
+            $value += $parallelism{$time};
+            $vcd->{values}{$time}{$pcode} = $value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    $fh->print('$version Generated by verilator_gantt $end'."\n");
+    $fh->print('$timescale 1ns $end'."\n");
+    $fh->print("\n");
+
+    my %all_codes;
+    $fh->print(' $scope module gantt $end'."\n");
+    foreach my $module (sort keys %{$vcd->{sigs}}) {
+        $fh->printf('  $scope module %s $end'."\n", $module);
+        foreach my $sig (sort keys %{$vcd->{sigs}{$module}}) {
+            my $code = $vcd->{sigs}{$module}{$sig};
+            $fh->printf('   $var wire 32 v%x %s [31:0] $end'."\n",
+                        $code, $sig);
+            $all_codes{$code} = 1;
+        }
+        $fh->print('  $upscope $end'."\n");
+    }
+    $fh->print(' $upscope $end'."\n");
+    $fh->print('$enddefinitions $end'."\n");
+    $fh->print("\n");
+
+    my $first = 1;
+    foreach my $time (sort {$a <=> $b} keys %{$vcd->{values}}) {
+        if ($first) {
+            $first = 0;
+            # Start with Z for any signals without time zero data
+            foreach my $code (keys %all_codes) {
+                if (!defined $vcd->{values}{$time}{$code}) {
+                    $vcd->{values}{$time}{$code} = undef;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        $fh->printf("#%d\n", $time);
+        foreach my $code (sort keys %{$vcd->{values}{$time}}) {
+            my $value = $vcd->{values}{$time}{$code};
+            if (defined $value) {
+                $fh->printf("b%b v%x\n", $value, $code);
+            } else {
+                $fh->printf("bz v%x\n", $code);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#######################################################################
+# Similar to Statistics::Basic functions, but avoid a package dependency
+
+sub max {
+    my $n = $_[0]; shift;
+    while (defined $_[0]) {
+        $n = $_[0] if !defined $n || $_[0] > $n;
+        shift;
+    }
+    return $n;
+}
+
+sub mean {
+    my $arrayref = shift;
+    my $n = 0;
+    my $sum = 0;
+    foreach my $v (@$arrayref) {
+        $sum += $v;
+        $n++;
+    }
+    return undef if !$n;
+    return $sum/$n;
+}
+
+sub stddev {
+    my $arrayref = shift;
+    my $n = 0;
+    my $sum = 0;
+    my $sumsq = 0;
+    foreach my $v (@$arrayref) {
+        $sum += $v;
+        $sumsq += $v**2;
+        $n++;
+    }
+    return undef if !$n;
+    return sqrt(($sumsq/$n) - ($sum/$n)**2);
+}
+
+#######################################################################
+__END__
+
+=pod
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+verilator_gantt - Create Gantt chart of multi-threaded execution
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+Creates a visual representation to help analyze Verilator multithreaded
+simulation performance, by showing when each macro-task starts and ends,
+and showing when each thread is busy or idle.
+
+The generated Gantt chart has time on the X-axis. Times shown are to the
+scale printed, i.e. a certain about of time for each character width.  The
+Y-axis shows threads, each thread's execution is shown on one line.  That
+line shows "[" at the position in time when it executes.
+
+Following the "[" is the cpu number the task executed on, followed by zero
+or more "-" to make the width of the characters match the scaled execution
+time, followed by a "]".  If the scale is too small, the cpu number and
+mtask number will not be printed.  If the scale is very small, a "&"
+indicates multiple mtasks started at that time position.
+
+Also creates a value change dump (VCD) format dump file which may be viewed
+in a waveform viewer (e.g. C<GTKWave>).  See below.
+
+=head1 USAGE
+
+  Build with --prof-threads.
+
+  Run a sim with +verilator+prof+threads+window 2.
+
+  This will create profile_threads.dat.
+
+  Then run:
+
+  verilator_gantt profile_threads.dat
+
+  The report will be printed on standard output, this also generates
+  profile_threads.vcd
+
+  View profile_threads.vcd in a waveform viewer.
+
+=head1 VCD SIGNALS
+
+In waveforms there are the following signals. Most signals the "decimal"
+format will remove the leading zeros and make the traces easier to read.
+
+parallelism: The number of mtasks active at this time, for best performance
+this will match the thread count. You may want to use an "analog step"
+format to view this signal.
+
+cpu#_thread: For the given CPU number, the thread number executing.
+
+mtask#_cpu; For the given mtask id, the CPU it is executing on.
+
+thread#_mtask: For the given thread number, the mtask id executing.
+
+=head1 ARGUMENTS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item I<filename>
+
+The filename to read data from, defaults to "profile_threads.dat".
+
+=item --help
+
+Displays this message and program version and exits.
+
+=item --scale I<n>
+
+On the X-axis of the generated Gantt chart, each character represents this
+many time units. (On x86, time units are rdtsc ticks.)  Defaults to 0,
+which will automatically compute a reasonable scale where no two mtasks
+need to fit into same character width's worth of scaled time.
+
+=item --no-vcd
+
+=item --vcd I<filename>
+
+Set output filename for vcd dump, or disable. Default is
+verilator_gantt.vcd.
+
+=back
+
+=head1 DISTRIBUTION
+
+The latest version is available from L<https://verilator.org>.
+
+Copyright 2018-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  Verilator is free software; you can
+redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU Lesser
+General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
+
+=head1 AUTHORS
+
+Wilson Snyder <[email protected]>
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+C<verilator>
+
+=cut
+
+######################################################################
+### Local Variables:
+### compile-command: "$V4/bin/verilator_gantt $V4/test_regress/obj_vltmt/t_gantt/vlt_sim.log"
+### End:

bin/verilator_includer

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ eval 'exec perl -wS $0 ${1+"$@"}'
   if 0;
 # DESCRIPTION: Print include statements for each ARGV
 #
-# Copyright 2003-2016 by Wilson Snyder. This package is free software; you can
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This package is free software; you can
 # redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU Lesser
 # General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
 ######################################################################
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ use warnings;
 print "// DESCR"."IPTION: Generated by verilator_includer via makefile\n";
 foreach my $param (@ARGV) {
     if ($param =~ /^-D([^=]+)=(.*)/) {
-	print "#define $1 $2\n"
+        print "#define $1 $2\n"
     } else {
-	print "#include \"$param\"\n"
+        print "#include \"$param\"\n"
     }
 }

bin/verilator_profcfunc

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use IO::File;
 use Pod::Usage;
 eval { use Data::Dumper;  $Data::Dumper::Indent = 1; }; # Debug, ok if missing
 use strict;
-use vars qw ($Debug);
+use vars qw($Debug);
 
 #======================================================================
 
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ $Debug = 0;
 my $Opt_File;
 autoflush STDOUT 1;
 autoflush STDERR 1;
-Getopt::Long::config ("no_auto_abbrev");
-if (! GetOptions (
-		  "help"	=> \&usage,
-		  "debug"	=> \&debug,
-		  "<>"		=> \&parameter,
-		  )) {
+Getopt::Long::config("no_auto_abbrev");
+if (! GetOptions(
+          "help"        => \&usage,
+          "debug"       => \&debug,
+          "<>"          => \&parameter,
+    )) {
     die "%Error: Bad usage, try 'verilator_profcfunc --help'\n";
 }
 
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ profcfunc($Opt_File);
 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 sub usage {
-    pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval=>2, -output=>\*STDOUT);
-    exit (1);
+    pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval=>0, -output=>\*STDOUT);
+    exit(1);  # Unreachable
 }
 
 sub debug {
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ sub debug {
 sub parameter {
     my $param = shift;
     if (!defined $Opt_File) {
-	$Opt_File = $param;
+        $Opt_File = $param;
     } else {
-	die "%Error: Unknown parameter: $param\n";
+        die "%Error: Unknown parameter: $param\n";
     }
 }
 
@@ -66,13 +66,21 @@ sub profcfunc {
     my %funcs;
 
     while (defined (my $line=$fh->getline())) {
-	#                  %time      cumesec   selfsec     calls     {stuff}   name
-	if ($line =~ /^\s*([0-9.]+)\s+[0-9.]+\s+([0-9.]+)\s+([0-9.]+)\s+[^a-zA-Z_]*([a-zA-Z_].*)$/) {
-	    my $pct=$1; my $sec=$2; my $calls=$3; my $func=$4;
-	    $funcs{$func}{pct} += $pct;
-	    $funcs{$func}{sec} += $sec;
-	    $funcs{$func}{calls} += $calls;
-	}
+        #                  %time      cumesec   selfsec     calls     {stuff}   name
+        if ($line =~ /^\s*([0-9.]+)\s+[0-9.]+\s+([0-9.]+)\s+([0-9.]+)\s+[^a-zA-Z_]*([a-zA-Z_].*)$/) {
+            my $pct=$1; my $sec=$2; my $calls=$3; my $func=$4;
+            $funcs{$func}{pct} += $pct;
+            $funcs{$func}{sec} += $sec;
+            $funcs{$func}{calls} += $calls;
+        }
+        # Older gprofs have no call column for single-call functions
+        #                  %time      cumesec   selfsec      {stuff}   name
+        elsif ($line =~ /^\s*([0-9.]+)\s+[0-9.]+\s+([0-9.]+)\s+[^a-zA-Z_]*([a-zA-Z_].*)$/) {
+            my $pct=$1; my $sec=$2; my $calls=1; my $func=$3;
+            $funcs{$func}{pct} += $pct;
+            $funcs{$func}{sec} += $sec;
+            $funcs{$func}{calls} += $calls;
+        }
     }
     $fh->close;
 
@@ -80,10 +88,10 @@ sub profcfunc {
     my %pointer_mods;
     my %verilated_mods;
     foreach my $func (keys %funcs) {
-	if ($func =~ /(.*)::_eval\(([a-zA-Z_0-9]+__Syms).*\)$/) {
-	    $verilated_mods{$1} = qr/^$1/;
-	    $pointer_mods{$2} = $1;
-	}
+        if ($func =~ /(.*)::_eval\(([a-zA-Z_0-9]+__Syms).*\)$/) {
+            $verilated_mods{$1} = qr/^$1/;
+            $pointer_mods{$2} = $1;
+        }
     }
     #print Dumper(\%pointer_mods, \%verilated_mods);
 
@@ -91,72 +99,72 @@ sub profcfunc {
     my %vfuncs;
     my %groups;
     foreach my $func (keys %funcs) {
-	my $pct = $funcs{$func}{pct};
-	my $vfunc = $func;
-	my $design;
+        my $pct = $funcs{$func}{pct};
+        my $vfunc = $func;
+        my $design;
 
-	if ($func =~ /\(([a-zA-Z_0-9]+__Syms)/) {
-	    $design = $pointer_mods{$1};
-	}
+        if ($func =~ /\(([a-zA-Z_0-9]+__Syms)/) {
+            $design = $pointer_mods{$1};
+        }
 
-	foreach my $vde (keys %verilated_mods) {
-	    last if $design;
-	    if ($func =~ /$verilated_mods{$vde}/) {
-		$design=$vde;
-		last;
-	    }
-	}
+        foreach my $vde (keys %verilated_mods) {
+            last if $design;
+            if ($func =~ /$verilated_mods{$vde}/) {
+                $design=$vde;
+                last;
+            }
+        }
 
-	if ($vfunc =~ /__PROF__([a-zA-Z_0-9]+)__l?([0-9]+)\(/) {
-	    $vfunc     = sprintf("VBlock    %s:%d", $1, $2);
-	    $groups{type}{"Verilog Blocks under $design"} += $pct;
-	    $groups{design}{$design} += $pct;
-	    $groups{module}{$1} += $pct;
-	} else {
-	    if ($design) {
-		$vfunc = sprintf("VCommon   %s", $func);
-		$groups{type}{"Common code under $design"} += $pct;
-		$groups{design}{$design} += $pct;
-		$groups{module}{$design." common code"} += $pct;
-	    } elsif ($func =~ /^VL_[A-Z0-9_]+/
-		     || $func =~ /^_?vl_[a-zA-Z0-9_]+/
-		     || $func =~ /^verilated/i) {
-		$vfunc = sprintf("VLib      %s", $func);
-		$groups{type}{'VLib'} += $pct;
-		$groups{design}{'VLib'} += $pct;
-		$groups{module}{'VLib'} += $pct;
-	    } elsif ($func =~ /^_mcount_private/) {
-		$vfunc = sprintf("Prof      %s", $func);
-		$groups{type}{'Prof'} += $pct;
-		$groups{design}{'Prof'} += $pct;
-		$groups{module}{'Prof'} += $pct;
-	    } else {
-		$vfunc = sprintf("C++       %s", $func);
-		$groups{type}{'C++'} += $pct;
-		$groups{design}{'C++'} += $pct;
-		$groups{module}{'C++'} += $pct;
-	    }
-	}
-	$vfuncs{$vfunc} = $funcs{$func};
+        if ($vfunc =~ /__PROF__([a-zA-Z_0-9]+)__l?([0-9]+)\(/) {
+            $vfunc     = sprintf("VBlock    %s:%d", $1, $2);
+            $groups{type}{"Verilog Blocks under $design"} += $pct;
+            $groups{design}{$design} += $pct;
+            $groups{module}{$1} += $pct;
+        } else {
+            if ($design) {
+                $vfunc = sprintf("VCommon   %s", $func);
+                $groups{type}{"Common code under $design"} += $pct;
+                $groups{design}{$design} += $pct;
+                $groups{module}{$design." common code"} += $pct;
+            } elsif ($func =~ /^VL_[A-Z0-9_]+/
+                     || $func =~ /^_?vl_[a-zA-Z0-9_]+/
+                     || $func =~ /^verilated/i) {
+                $vfunc = sprintf("VLib      %s", $func);
+                $groups{type}{'VLib'} += $pct;
+                $groups{design}{'VLib'} += $pct;
+                $groups{module}{'VLib'} += $pct;
+            } elsif ($func =~ /^_mcount_private/) {
+                $vfunc = sprintf("Prof      %s", $func);
+                $groups{type}{'Prof'} += $pct;
+                $groups{design}{'Prof'} += $pct;
+                $groups{module}{'Prof'} += $pct;
+            } else {
+                $vfunc = sprintf("C++       %s", $func);
+                $groups{type}{'C++'} += $pct;
+                $groups{design}{'C++'} += $pct;
+                $groups{module}{'C++'} += $pct;
+            }
+        }
+        $vfuncs{$vfunc} = $funcs{$func};
     }
 
 
     foreach my $type (qw(type design module)) {
-	my $missing = 100;
-	foreach (sort (keys %{$groups{$type}})) {
-	    $missing -= $groups{$type}{$_};
-	}
-	if ($missing) {
-	    $groups{$type}{"\377Unaccounted for/rounding error"} = $missing;
-	}
+        my $missing = 100;
+        foreach (sort (keys %{$groups{$type}})) {
+            $missing -= $groups{$type}{$_};
+        }
+        if ($missing) {
+            $groups{$type}{"\377Unaccounted for/rounding error"} = $missing;
+        }
 
-	print("Overall summary by $type:\n");
-	printf("  %-6s  %s\n","% time",$type);
-	foreach my $what (sort (keys %{$groups{$type}})) {
-	    (my $pwhat = $what) =~ s/^\377//;  # Just used to establish sort order
-	    printf("  %6.2f  %s\n", $groups{$type}{$what}, $pwhat);
-	}
-	print("\n");
+        print("Overall summary by $type:\n");
+        printf("  %-6s  %s\n","% time",$type);
+        foreach my $what (sort (keys %{$groups{$type}})) {
+            (my $pwhat = $what) =~ s/^\377//;  # Just used to establish sort order
+            printf("  %6.2f  %s\n", $groups{$type}{$what}, $pwhat);
+        }
+        print("\n");
     }
 
     print("Verilog code profile:\n");
@@ -173,14 +181,14 @@ sub profcfunc {
 
     my $cume = 0;
     foreach my $func (sort {$vfuncs{$b}{sec} <=> $vfuncs{$a}{sec}
-			    || $a cmp $b}
-		      (keys %vfuncs)) {
-	$cume += $vfuncs{$func}{sec};
-	printf +("%6.2f %9.2f %8.2f %8d   %s\n",
-		 $vfuncs{$func}{pct},
-		 $cume, $vfuncs{$func}{sec},
-		 $vfuncs{$func}{calls},
-		 $func);
+                            || $a cmp $b}
+                      (keys %vfuncs)) {
+        $cume += $vfuncs{$func}{sec};
+        printf +("%6.2f %9.2f %8.2f %8d   %s\n",
+                 $vfuncs{$func}{pct},
+                 $cume, $vfuncs{$func}{sec},
+                 $vfuncs{$func}{calls},
+                 $func);
     }
 }
 
@@ -191,11 +199,11 @@ __END__
 
 =head1 NAME
 
-verilator_profcfunc - Read gprof report created with --profile-cfuncs
+verilator_profcfunc - Read gprof report created with --prof-cfuncs
 
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
 
-  verilator --profile-cfuncs ....
+  verilator --prof-cfuncs ....
   gcc --ggdb -pg ....
   {run executable}
   gprof
@@ -204,8 +212,8 @@ verilator_profcfunc - Read gprof report created with --profile-cfuncs
 =head1 DESCRIPTION
 
 Verilator_profcfunc reads a profile report created by gprof.  The names of
-the functions are then transformed, assuming the user used verilator's
---profile-cfuncs, and a report printed showing the percentage of time, etc,
+the functions are then transformed, assuming the user used Verilator's
+--prof-cfuncs, and a report printed showing the percentage of time, etc,
 in each Verilog block.
 
 =head1 ARGUMENTS
@@ -220,9 +228,9 @@ Displays this message and program version and exits.
 
 =head1 DISTRIBUTION
 
-The latest version is available from L<http://www.veripool.org/>.
+The latest version is available from L<https://verilator.org>.
 
-Copyright 2007-2016 by Wilson Snyder.  Verilator is free software; you can
+Copyright 2007-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  Verilator is free software; you can
 redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU Lesser
 General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
 

ci/build_verilator.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Travis CI build script
+#
+# Copyright 2019 by Todd Strader. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+# This script builds and caches the Verilator binaries for Travis CI
+# (and possibly other CI platforms).  The Verilator CI system uses this
+# script, but other CI systems that depend on Verilator may also use
+# the script.
+# see: https://github.com/verilator/verilator_ext_tests/blob/master/.travis.yml
+# To use this script, either checkout Verilator as part of the CI build
+# process or add Verilator as a Git submodule.  Verilator tarballs can
+# not be used as the script relies on Git revisions for caching.
+set -e
+
+if [ -z "${VERILATOR_NUM_JOBS}" ]; then
+    VERILATOR_NUM_JOBS=$(nproc)
+fi
+
+# Caching would be simpler if we installed without VERILATOR_ROOT, but
+#   it's needed for driver.pl outside of the repo
+if [ -z "${VERILATOR_ROOT}" ]; then
+    echo "VERILATOR_ROOT not set"
+    exit -1
+fi
+
+if [ -z "${VERILATOR_CACHE}" ]; then
+    echo "VERILATOR_CACHE not set"
+    exit -1
+fi
+
+VERILATOR_REV=$(cd "${VERILATOR_ROOT}" && git rev-parse HEAD)
+echo "Found Verilator rev ${VERILATOR_REV}"
+
+CACHED_REV_FILE=${VERILATOR_CACHE}/.rev.txt
+
+if [[ ! -f "${CACHED_REV_FILE}" || \
+      $(< "${CACHED_REV_FILE}") != "${VERILATOR_REV}" ]]; then
+    echo "Building Verilator"
+
+    # Unsure why Travis monkies with the capitalization of the stage name, but it does
+    if [[ -n ${TRAVIS_BUILD_STAGE_NAME} && \
+         ${TRAVIS_BUILD_STAGE_NAME} != "Build verilator" ]]; then
+      echo "WARNING: Building Verilator in Travis build stage other than \"Build verilator\": ${TRAVIS_BUILD_STAGE_NAME}"
+    fi
+
+    cd "${VERILATOR_ROOT}"
+    autoconf && ./configure ${VERILATOR_CONFIG_FLAGS} && make -j ${VERILATOR_NUM_JOBS}
+    # Copy the Verilator build artifacts
+    mkdir -p "${VERILATOR_CACHE}"
+    rm -rf ${VERILATOR_CACHE}/*
+    cp bin/*bin* "${VERILATOR_CACHE}"
+    # Remember the Git revision
+    echo "${VERILATOR_REV}" > "${CACHED_REV_FILE}"
+else
+    echo "Using cached Verilator"
+    cd "${VERILATOR_ROOT}"
+    # Create include/verilated_config.h and maybe other things
+    autoconf && ./configure ${VERILATOR_CONFIG_FLAGS}
+    cp ${VERILATOR_CACHE}/* bin
+fi

ci/test.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Travis CI test script
+#
+# Copyright 2019 by Todd Strader. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+set -e
+
+export DRIVER_FLAGS='-j 0 --quiet --rerun'
+
+case $1 in
+    dist)
+        make -C test_regress SCENARIOS=--dist
+        ;;
+    vlt)
+        make -C test_regress SCENARIOS=--vlt
+        ;;
+    vltmt)
+        make -C test_regress SCENARIOS=--vltmt
+        ;;
+    *)
+    echo "Usage: test.sh (dist|vlt|vltmt)"
+    exit -1
+    ;;
+esac

configure.ac

@@ -1,19 +1,30 @@
 # DESCRIPTION: Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.
 #
-# Copyright 2003-2016 by Wilson Snyder. Verilator is free software; you can
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. Verilator is free software; you can
 # redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU Lesser
 # General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
 
 #AC_INIT([Verilator],[#.### YYYY-MM-DD])
 #AC_INIT([Verilator],[#.### devel])
-AC_INIT([Verilator],[3.890 2016-11-25])
+AC_INIT([Verilator],[4.024 2019-12-08],
+        [https://verilator.org],
+        [verilator],[https://verilator.org])
 # When releasing, also update header of Changes file
+# and commit using "devel release" or "Version bump" message
 
 AC_CONFIG_HEADER(src/config_build.h)
-AC_CONFIG_FILES(Makefile src/Makefile src/Makefile_obj include/verilated.mk include/verilated_config.h verilator.pc)
+AC_CONFIG_FILES(Makefile docs/Makefile src/Makefile src/Makefile_obj include/verilated.mk include/verilated_config.h verilator.pc verilator-config.cmake verilator-config-version.cmake)
 
 AC_MSG_RESULT([configuring for $PACKAGE_STRING])
 
+# Ignore automake flags passed by Ubuntu builds
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([dependency-tracking],
+              [AS_HELP_STRING([--disable-dependency-tracking], [ignored])])
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([maintainer-mode],
+              [AS_HELP_STRING([--enable-maintainer-mode], [ignored])])
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([silent-rules],
+              [AS_HELP_STRING([--disable-silent-rules], [ignored])])
+
 # Special Substitutions - CFG_WITH_DEFENV
 AC_MSG_CHECKING(whether to use hardcoded paths)
 AC_ARG_ENABLE([defenv],
@@ -42,7 +53,7 @@ AC_ARG_ENABLE([ccwarn],
                 x)   CFG_WITH_CCWARN=no ;;
                 *)   CFG_WITH_CCWARN=yes ;;
                esac]
-	      )
+              )
 AC_SUBST(CFG_WITH_CCWARN)
 AC_MSG_RESULT($CFG_WITH_CCWARN)
 
@@ -60,15 +71,30 @@ AC_ARG_ENABLE([longtests],
                 x)   CFG_WITH_LONGTESTS=no ;;
                 *)   CFG_WITH_LONGTESTS=yes ;;
                esac]
-	      )
+              )
 AC_SUBST(CFG_WITH_LONGTESTS)
 AC_MSG_RESULT($CFG_WITH_LONGTESTS)
 
+# CFG_WITH_PREC11
+AC_MSG_CHECKING(whether allow pre-C++11)
+AC_ARG_ENABLE([prec11],
+              [AS_HELP_STRING([--enable-prec11],
+                              [enable pre-C++11 compilers])],
+              [case "${enableval}" in
+                yes) CFG_WITH_PREC11=yes ;;
+                no)  CFG_WITH_PREC11=no ;;
+                *)   AC_MSG_ERROR([bad value ${enableval} for --enable-prec11]) ;;
+               esac],
+              [CFG_WITH_PREC11=no;]
+              )
+AC_SUBST(CFG_WITH_PREC11)
+AC_MSG_RESULT($CFG_WITH_PREC11)
+
 # Compiler flags
-CFLAGS=-I${includedir}
-CPPFLAGS=-I${includedir}
-CXXFLAGS=-I${includedir}
-LDFLAGS=-L${libdir}
+CFLAGS+=" -I${includedir}"
+CPPFLAGS+=" -I${includedir}"
+CXXFLAGS+=" -I${includedir}"
+LDFLAGS+=" -L${libdir}"
 
 # Checks for programs.
 AC_PROG_CC
@@ -76,12 +102,14 @@ AC_PROG_CXX
 AC_PROG_INSTALL
 
 AC_LANG_PUSH(C++)
+cxx_version=$($CXX --version | head -1)
+AC_MSG_RESULT([compiler is $CXX --version = $cxx_version])
 AC_MSG_CHECKING([that C++ compiler can compile simple program])
 AC_RUN_IFELSE(
-           [AC_LANG_SOURCE([int main() { return 0; }])],
-           AC_MSG_RESULT(yes),
-           AC_MSG_RESULT(no);AC_MSG_ERROR([a working C++ compiler is required]),
-	   AC_MSG_RESULT(yes))
+   [AC_LANG_SOURCE([int main() { return 0; }])],
+    AC_MSG_RESULT(yes),
+    AC_MSG_RESULT(no);AC_MSG_ERROR([a working C++ compiler is required]),
+    AC_MSG_RESULT(yes))
 
 AC_PATH_PROG(PERL,perl)
 if test "x$PERL" = "x" ; then
@@ -105,72 +133,220 @@ AC_TYPE_SIZE_T
 # Checks for compiler characteristics.
 AC_C_INLINE
 
-AC_DEFUN([_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT],
-   [# _MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(flag) -- Check if compiler supports specific options
+AC_LINK_IFELSE(
+     [AC_LANG_PROGRAM([#include <new>], [[int* a=new int; delete a; ]])],
+     [], [AC_MSG_ERROR([$CXX does not seem to successfully compile a simple C++ program])])
+
+AC_DEFUN([_MY_CXX_CHECK_FLAG],
+   [# _MY_CXX_CHECK_FLAG(flag) -- Check if compiler supports specific options
+    # Set $_my_result appropriately
     ACO_SAVE_CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS"
     # -Werror needed otherwise unknown -Wno-div-by-zero won't report problems
-    CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS $2 -Werror"
-    AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether $CXX accepts $2])
-    AC_COMPILE_IFELSE(
-         [AC_LANG_PROGRAM([],[])],
-	 [_my_result=yes
-	  if test -s conftest.err; then
-	    if grep -e "$2" conftest.err >/dev/null; then
-	      _my_result=no
-	    fi
-	  fi],
-	 [_my_result=no])
+    # new/delete is needed to find -faligned-new link problem on Darwin
+    CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS $1 -Werror"
+    AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether $CXX accepts $1])
+    AC_LINK_IFELSE(
+         [AC_LANG_PROGRAM([#include <new>], [[int* a=new int; delete a; ]])],
+         [_my_result=yes
+          if test -s conftest.err; then
+            if grep -e "$1" conftest.err >/dev/null; then
+              _my_result=no
+            fi
+          fi],
+         [_my_result=no])
     # GCC is annoying, trying to be helpful, it postpones unknown -Wno-
     # options if there's no error We want to see them regardless, so try
     # forcing an error and see if we get a gcc warning
     AC_COMPILE_IFELSE(
          [AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[an_error "intentional-error-for-test.h"
-	                  ]],[])],
+                          ]],[])],
          [], # Ignore ok exit
          [if test -s conftest.err; then
-            if grep -e "$2" conftest.err >/dev/null; then
+            if grep -e "$1" conftest.err >/dev/null; then
               _my_result=no
             fi
           fi])
     AC_MSG_RESULT($_my_result)
+    CXXFLAGS="$ACO_SAVE_CXXFLAGS"
+   ])
+
+AC_DEFUN([_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET],
+   [# _MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(variable,flag) -- Check if compiler supports specific options
+    # If it does, set variable to flag, only if not previously set
+    if test "$$1" = ""; then
+       _MY_CXX_CHECK_FLAG($2)
+       if test "$_my_result" = "yes" ; then
+          $1="$2"
+       fi
+    fi
+   ])
+
+AC_DEFUN([_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT],
+   [# _MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(flag) -- Check if compiler supports specific options
+    # If it does, append flag to variable
+    _MY_CXX_CHECK_FLAG($2)
     if test "$_my_result" = "yes" ; then
        $1="$$1 $2"
     fi
-    CXXFLAGS="$ACO_SAVE_CXXFLAGS"
-   ])# _MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT
+   ])
 
-# Flags for compiling Verilator internals including parser
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_SRC,-Wno-unused-parameter)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_SRC,-Wno-char-subscripts)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_SRC,-Wno-undefined-bool-conversion)
+AC_DEFUN([_MY_LDLIBS_CHECK_FLAG],
+   [# _MY_LDLIBS_CHECK_FLAG(flag) -- Check if linker supports specific options
+    # Set $_my_result appropriately
+    ACO_SAVE_LIBS="$LIBS"
+    LIBS="$LIBS $1"
+    AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether $CXX linker accepts $1])
+    AC_LINK_IFELSE(
+         [AC_LANG_PROGRAM([[]])],
+         [_my_result=yes
+          if test -s conftest.err; then
+            if grep -e "$1" conftest.err >/dev/null; then
+              _my_result=no
+            fi
+          fi],
+         [_my_result=no])
+    AC_MSG_RESULT($_my_result)
+    LIBS="$ACO_SAVE_LIBS"
+   ])
+
+AC_DEFUN([_MY_LDLIBS_CHECK_OPT],
+   [# _MY_LDLIBS_CHECK_OPT(flag) -- Check if linker supports specific options
+    # If it does, append flag to variable
+    _MY_LDLIBS_CHECK_FLAG($2)
+    if test "$_my_result" = "yes" ; then
+       $1="$$1 $2"
+    fi
+   ])
+
+# Flag to select newest language standard supported
+# Macros work such that first option that passes is the one we take
+# gnu++17 code is clean, but SystemC in 2018 doesn't link with it (bug1339)
+# gnu++14 is the newest that Verilator supports
+# std++03 is the oldest that Verilator supports
+#_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST,-std=gnu++17)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST,-std=gnu++14)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST,-std=gnu++11)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST,-std=gnu++03)
+#_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST,-std=c++17)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST,-std=c++14)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST,-std=c++11)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST,-std=c++03)
+AC_SUBST(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST)
+# And likewise oldest standard (same list above, backwards)
+# This is used for internal testing
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_OLDEST,-std=c++03)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_OLDEST,-std=c++11)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_OLDEST,-std=c++14)
+#_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_OLDEST,-std=std++17)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_OLDEST,-std=gnu++03)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_OLDEST,-std=gnu++11)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_OLDEST,-std=gnu++14)
+#_MY_CXX_CHECK_SET(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_OLDEST,-std=gnu++17)
+AC_SUBST(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_OLDEST)
+
+# Flags for compiling Verilator internals including parser, and Verilated files
+# These turn on extra warnings and are only used with 'configure --enable-ccwarn'
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_WEXTRA,-Wextra)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_WEXTRA,-Wfloat-conversion)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_WEXTRA,-Wlogical-op)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_WEXTRA,-Wthread-safety)
+AC_SUBST(CFG_CXXFLAGS_WEXTRA)
+
+# Flags for compiling Verilator internals including parser always
 _MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_SRC,-Qunused-arguments)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_SRC,-fno-delete-null-pointer-checks)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_SRC,-faligned-new)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_SRC,-Wno-unused-parameter)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_SRC,-Wno-undefined-bool-conversion)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_SRC,-Wno-shadow)
 AC_SUBST(CFG_CXXFLAGS_SRC)
 
-# Flags for compiling Verilator parser
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_PARSER,-Wno-unused)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_PARSER,-Wno-parentheses-equality)
+# Flags for compiling Verilator parser always (in addition to above CFG_CXXFLAGS_SRC)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_PARSER,-Wno-char-subscripts)
 _MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_PARSER,-Wno-null-conversion)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_PARSER,-Wno-parentheses-equality)
+_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_PARSER,-Wno-unused)
 AC_SUBST(CFG_CXXFLAGS_PARSER)
 
 # Flags for Verilated makefile
 # For example, -Wno-div-by-zero isn't in 4.1.2
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED,-Wno-char-subscripts)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED,-Wno-parentheses-equality)
 # Random code often does / 0.  Unfortunately VL_DIV_I(0,0) will warn
 # without this flag, even though there's a conditional to prevent the divide.
 # We still don't add no-div-by-zero as it throws message to stdout, though doesn't die.
 #_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(-Wno-div-by-zero)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED,-Wno-sign-compare)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED,-Wno-uninitialized)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED,-Wno-unused-but-set-variable)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED,-Wno-unused-parameter)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED,-Wno-unused-variable)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED,-fbracket-depth=4096)
-_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED,-Qunused-arguments)
+# For some reason -faligned-new does not work under Travis w/ clang but the
+# configure test doesn't catch this either
+AS_IF([test "x$TRAVIS_COMPILER" != xclang], [_MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED,-faligned-new)])
+CFG_CXX_FLAGS_CMAKE="-faligned-new"
+m4_foreach([cflag],[
+        [-fbracket-depth=4096],
+        [-fcf-protection=none],
+        [-mno-cet],
+        [-Qunused-arguments],
+        [-Wno-bool-operation],
+        [-Wno-parentheses-equality],
+        [-Wno-sign-compare],
+        [-Wno-uninitialized],
+        [-Wno-unused-but-set-variable],
+        [-Wno-unused-parameter],
+        [-Wno-unused-variable],
+        [-Wno-shadow]],[
+    _MY_CXX_CHECK_OPT(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED,cflag)
+    # CMake will test what flags work itself, so pass all flags through to it
+    CFG_CXX_FLAGS_CMAKE="$CFG_CXX_FLAGS_CMAKE cflag"
+    ])
 AC_SUBST(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED)
+AC_SUBST(CFG_CXX_FLAGS_CMAKE)
+
+# Find multithread linker flags
+m4_foreach([ldflag], [
+        [-mt],
+        [-pthread],
+        [-lpthread],
+        [-latomic]],[
+    _MY_LDLIBS_CHECK_OPT(CFG_LDLIBS_THREADS,ldflag)
+    # CMake will test what flags work itself, so pass all flags through to it
+    CFG_LDFLAGS_THREADS_CMAKE="$CFG_LDFLAGS_THREADS_CMAKE ldflag"
+    ])
+AC_SUBST(CFG_LDLIBS_THREADS)
+AC_SUBST(CFG_LDFLAGS_THREADS_CMAKE)
+
+# Set CFG_WITH_THREADED if can support threading
+AC_MSG_CHECKING(whether $CXX supports Verilated threads)
+ACO_SAVE_CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS"
+CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS $CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST $CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED"
+AC_LINK_IFELSE(
+     [AC_LANG_PROGRAM([#include <thread>], [[ ]])],
+     [_my_result=yes
+      if test -s conftest.err; then
+        if grep -e "$1" conftest.err >/dev/null; then
+          _my_result=no
+        fi
+      fi],
+     [_my_result=no])
+CFG_WITH_THREADED=$_my_result
+AC_SUBST(CFG_WITH_THREADED)
+AC_MSG_RESULT($CFG_WITH_THREADED)
+
+# Check compiler flag
+if test "$CFG_WITH_THREADED" = "no" ; then
+   if test "$CFG_WITH_PREC11" = "no" ; then
+      AC_MSG_NOTICE([[]])
+      AC_MSG_ERROR([[the $CXX compiler appears to not support C++11.
+
+Verilator plans to require a C++11 or newer compiler in a future release,
+unless sufficient people report problems. Therefore, if you do not have a
+C++11 compiler, please post a message to
+https://www.veripool.org/boards/3/topics/2580-Verilator-Requiring-C-11-compiler
+indicating your OS and when you think C++11 might be ok, and then rerun
+configure with the --enable-prec11 argument. Thanks.]])
+
+   fi
+fi
 
 # Checks for library functions.
+AC_CHECK_MEMBER([struct stat.st_mtim.tv_nsec],
+    [AC_DEFINE([HAVE_STAT_NSEC],[1],[Defined if struct stat has st_mtim.tv_nsec])],
+    [], [#include <sys/stat.h>])
 
 # Checks for system services
 

docs/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+*.1
+*.html
+*.pdf
+Makefile

docs/CONTRIBUTING.adoc

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+= How to contribute to Verilator
+
+Thanks for using Verilator!  We welcome your contributions in whatever form.
+
+This contributing document contains some suggestions that may make
+contributions flow more efficiently.
+
+==== Did you find a bug?
+
+* Please **Ensure the bug was not already reported** by searching
+  https://verilator.org/issues[Verilator Issues].
+
+* If you're unable to find an open issue addressing the problem,
+  https://verilator.org/issues/new[open a new issue].
+
+** Be sure to include a **code sample** or an **executable test case**
+   demonstrating the bug and expected behavior that is not occurring.
+
+** The ideal example works against other simulators, and is in the
+   test_regress/t test format, as described in
+   link:internals.adoc[docs/internals].
+
+==== Did you write a patch that fixes a bug?
+
+* Please https://verilator.org/issues/new[Open a new issue].
+
+* You may attach a patch to the issue, or (preferred) may point to a GitHub
+  repository branch within your GitHub account.
+
+** Verilator uses Travis CI to provide continuous integration. You may
+   want to setup Travis CI on your GitHub branch to ensure your changes
+   keep the tests passing.  See link:internals.adoc[docs/internals].
+
+* Your source-code contributions must be certified as open source, under
+  the https://developercertificate.org/[Developer Certificate of
+  Origin]. On your first contribution, you must either:
+
+** Have your patch include the addition of your name to
+   link:CONTRIBUTORS[docs/CONTRIBUTORS] (preferred).
+
+** Use "git -s" as part of your commit. This adds a "signed-of-by"
+   attribute which will certify your contribution as described in the
+   https://github.com/wking/signed-off-by/blob/master/Documentation/SubmittingPatches[Signed-of-By
+   convention].
+
+** Email, or post in an issue a statement that you certify your
+   contributions.
+
+** In any of these cases your name will be added to
+   link:CONTRIBUTORS[docs/CONTRIBUTORS] and you are agreeing all future
+   contributions are also certified.
+
+** We occasionally accept contributions where people do not want their
+   name published. Please email us; you must still certify your
+   contribution using email.
+
+* Your test contributions are generally considered released into the public
+  domain, unless you request otherwise or put a GNU/Artistic license on
+  your test file.
+
+* Most important is we get your patch. If you'd like to clean up
+  indentation and related issues ahead of our feedback, that is
+  appreciated; please see the coding conventions in
+  link:internals.adoc[docs/internals].
+
+==== Do you have questions?
+
+* Please see FAQ section and rest of the
+  https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.html[Verilator manual],
+  or https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.pdf[Verilator manual (PDF)].
+
+* Ask any question in the
+  https://verilator.org/forum[Verilator forum].
+
+==== Code of Conduct
+
+* Our contributors and participants pledge to make participation in our
+  project and our community a positive experience for everyone.  We follow
+  the https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4/code-of-conduct.html[Contributor
+  Covenant version 1.4].
+
+Thanks!

docs/CONTRIBUTORS

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+The contributors listed below have certified their Verilator contributions
+under the Developer Certificate of Origin
+(https://developercertificate.org/).
+
+Please see the Verilator manual for 200+ additional contributors. Thanks to
+all.
+
+Ahmed El-Mahmoudy
+Alex Chadwick
+Chris Randall
+Driss Hafdi
+Eric Rippey
+Garrett Smith
+Gianfranco Costamagna
+Howard Su
+Iztok Jeras
+Jeremy Bennett
+John Coiner
+Julien Margetts
+Kanad Kanhere
+Kevin Kiningham
+Lukasz Dalek
+Maarten De Braekeleer
+Matthew Ballance
+Mike Popoloski
+Patrick Stewart
+Philipp Wagner
+Richard Myers
+Sebastien Van Cauwenberghe
+Stefan Wallentowitz
+Todd Strader
+Wilson Snyder
+Yves Mathieu

docs/Makefile.in

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#*****************************************************************************
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator documentation: Makefile pre-configure version
+#
+# This file is part of Verilator.
+#
+# Code available from: https://verilator.org
+#
+#*****************************************************************************
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+# Verilator is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+#****************************************************************************/
+#
+# This file is intended only to be called from the top-level Verilator Makefile.
+
+#### Start of system configuration section. ####
+
+ASCIIDOCTOR = asciidoctor
+DOXYGEN = doxygen
+
+#### End of system configuration section. ####
+######################################################################
+
+.SUFFIXES:
+
+default:
+	@echo "error: make not supported here, run 'make docs' from Verilator top-level"
+
+%.html: %.adoc
+	$(ASCIIDOCTOR) $< -n -o $@
+
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean::
+	rm -f $(SCRIPTS) *.tmp
+	rm -f *.aux *.cp *.cps *.dvi *.fn *.fns *.ky *.kys *.log
+	rm -f *.pg *.pgs *.toc *.tp *.tps *.vr *.vrs *.idx
+	rm -f *.ev *.evs *.ov *.ovs *.cv *.cvs *.ma *.mas
+	rm -f *.tex
+
+distclean maintainer-clean::
+	rm -f *.info* *.1 *.html *.pdf $(INFOS)
+	rm -f Makefile
+
+.PHONY: doxygen
+
+doxygen:
+	$(DOXYGEN) doxygen.config

docs/TODO

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: List of To Do issues.
+//
+// Copyright 2004-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+// redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+// Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+// Version 2.0.
+
+* Language support:
+** Fix ordering of each bit separately in a signal (mips)
+   assign b[3:0] = b[7:4];  assign b[7:4] = in;
+** Support UDP gate primitives/ cell libraries
+   (have code for combos - problem is sequential udps)
+** Function to eval combo logic after /*verilator public*/ functions [gwaters]
+** Support generated clocks (correctness)
+** Recursive functions
+** Verilog configuration files
+** Expression coverage (see notes)
+** Better tristate support
+** UVM
+
+* Long-term Features
+** Assertions
+** Tristate support
+
+* Configure/Make/Install
+** Distribute with flex/bison already expanded?
+   Flex library not needed.  Probably too difficult to be worth it.
+
+* Testing:
+** Capture all inputs into global "rerun it" file
+** Code to make wrapper that sets signals, so can do comparison checks
+** New random program generator
+** Better graph viewer with search and zoom
+** Port and test against opencores.org code
+** // verilator debug in code so can see only tree affecting those nodes
+
+* Usability:
+** Detect and pre-remove most UNOPTFLATs
+** Better reporting of unopt problems, including what lines of code
+** Report more errors (all of them?) before exiting [Eugene Weber]
+** Auto-create scons config files
+** Print version/etc message at runtime. (4.000?)
+   Include number of lines of code, percent comments, code complexity measurement
+   <-80chars------------------------------------------------------------------->
+   Verilator 3.600 - The fast free open-sourced simulator.  Copyright 2001-2013.
+   Verilated #### modules, #### instances, ##### sigs,
+         #### non-comment lines, ##### ops, ### KB model size
+
+* Lint:
+** CDCRSTLOGIC should allow filtering with paths
+   "waive CDCRSTLOGIC --from a.b.sig  --to a.c.sig --via OR"
+
+* Internal Code:
+** A Visitor class that understands how to traverse data types
+** V3Graph should be templated container type, taking in Vertex + Edge types
+** Instead of string, have an VEncodedString/VIdString which contains __DOT__ish
+   things, to reduce bugs.  Also add _20 trailing space to \ encoded names.
+
+* Runtime:
+** New evalulation loop   ~/src/verilator/notes/event_loop.txt (4.000?)
+** Remove all private internal functions from top level wrapper header, move
+   to new level
+** Completely standalone simulation
+    main() records arguments for $test$plusvars
+    instantiates top,
+    does tracing  (support $dump?)
+    calls top->simulateForever()
+    exits
+
+* Performance:
+** Latch optimizations
+** Constant propagation
+   Extra cleaning AND:  1 & ((VARREF >> 1) | ((&VARREF >> 1) & VARREF))
+   Extra shift (perhaps due to clean): if (1 & CAST (VARREF >> #))
+** Gated clock and latch conversion to flops.  [JeanPaul Vanitegem]
+   Could propagate the AND into pos/negedges and let domaining optimize.
+** Negedge reset
+   Switch to remove negedges that don't matter
+   Can't remove async resets from control flops (like in syncronizers)
+** If all references to array have a constant index, blow up into separate signals-per-index
+** Bit-multiply for faster bit swapping and a=b[1,3,2] random bit reorderings.
+** Move _last sets and all other combo logic inside master
+   if() that triggers on all possible sense items
+** Rewrite and combine V3Life, V3Subst
+   If block temp only ever set in one place to constant, propagate it
+     Used in t_mem for array delayed assignments
+   Replace variables if set later in same cfunc branch
+     See for example duplicate sets of _narrow in cycle 90/91 of t_select_plusloop
+** Same assignment on both if branches
+   "if (a) { ... b=2; } else { ... b=2;}" -> "b=2; if ..."
+   Careful though, as b could appear in the statement or multiple times in statement
+   (Could just require exatly two 'b's in statement)
+** Simplify XOR/XNOR/AND/OR bit selection trees
+   Foo = A[1] ^ A[2] ^ A[3] etc are better as ^ ( A & 32'b...1110 )
+** Combine variables into wider elements
+   Parallel statements on different bits should become single signal
+   Variables that are always consumed in "parallel" can be joined
+** Duplicate assignments in gate optimization
+   Common to have many separate posedge blocks, each with identical
+   reset_r <= rst_in
+** If signal is used only once (not counting trace), always gate substitute
+   Don't merge if any combining would form circ logic (out goes back to in)
+** Multiple assignments each bit can become single assign with concat
+   Make sure a SEL of a CONCAT can get the single bit back.
+** Usually blocks/values
+   Enable only after certain time, so VL_TIME_I(32) > 0x1e gets eliminated out
+** Better ordering of a<=b, b<=c, put all refs to 'b' next to each other to optimize caching
+** I-cache packing improvements (what/how?)
+** Data cache organization (order of vars in class)
+   First have clocks,
+   then bools instead of uint32_t's
+   then based on what sense list they come from, all outputs, then all inputs
+   finally have any signals part of a "usually" block, or constant.
+** Rather then tracking widths, have a MSB...LSB of this expression
+   (or better, a bitmask of bits relevant in this expression)
+** Track recirculation and convert into clock-enables
+** Clock enables should become new clocking domains for speed
+** If floped(a) & flopped(b) and no other a&b, then instead flop(a&b).
+** Sort by output bitselects so can combine more assignments (see DDP example dx_dm signal)

docs/doxygen.config

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ PROJECT_BRIEF          = "Verilog to C translator"
 # exceed 55 pixels and the maximum width should not exceed 200 pixels.
 # Doxygen will copy the logo to the output directory.
 
-PROJECT_LOGO           = veripool-logo.png
+PROJECT_LOGO           = verilator_logo.png
 
 # The OUTPUT_DIRECTORY tag is used to specify the (relative or absolute)
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@@ -630,13 +630,8 @@ WARN_LOGFILE           =
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 INPUT                  = doxygen-mainpage \
-		         include \
+                         include \
                          src \
-                         test_c \
-                         test_regress \
-                         test_sc \
-                         test_v \
-                         test_verilated
 
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docs/install.adoc

@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+= Verilator Installation
+:toc: right
+
+// Github doesn't render unless absolute URL
+image::https://www.veripool.org/img/verilator_256_200_min.png[Logo,256,200,role="right"]
+
+== Introduction
+
+This discusses how to install Verilator.  For more general information
+please see https://verilator.org[verilator.org].
+
+== Quick-start
+
+=== Install From a Package Manager
+
+Using a distribution's package manager is the easiest way to get
+started. (Note packages are unlikely to have the most recent version, so
+Git, below, maybe a better alternative.) To install as a package:
+
+   apt-get install verilator
+
+If this works, skip down to <<Running Verilator>>.
+
+=== Git
+
+Alternatively, installing Verilator with Git provides the most flexibility.
+For additional options and details see the additional sections below.  In
+brief:
+
+// Also update README
+....
+# Prerequisites:
+#sudo apt-get install git make autoconf g++ flex bison
+#sudo apt-get install libfl2  # Ubuntu only (ignore if gives error)
+#sudo apt-get install libfl-dev  # Ubuntu only (ignore if gives error)
+
+git clone https://git.veripool.org/git/verilator   # Only first time
+## Note the URL above is not a page you can see with a browser, it's for git only
+
+# Every time you need to build:
+unsetenv VERILATOR_ROOT  # For csh; ignore error if on bash
+unset VERILATOR_ROOT  # For bash
+cd verilator
+git pull        # Make sure git repository is up-to-date
+git tag         # See what versions exist
+#git checkout master      # Use development branch (e.g. recent bug fixes)
+#git checkout stable      # Use most recent stable release
+#git checkout v{version}  # Switch to specified release version
+
+autoconf        # Create ./configure script
+./configure
+make
+sudo make install
+# Now see "man verilator" or online verilator.pdf's for the example tutorials
+....
+
+If this works, skip down to <<Running Verilator>>.
+
+== Detailed Build Instructions
+
+This section describes details of the build process, and assumes you are
+building from Git or a tarball.  For using a pre-built binary for your
+Linux distribution, see instead <<Install From a Package Manager>>.
+
+=== OS Requirements
+
+Verilator is developed and has primary testing on Ubuntu.  Versions have
+also built on Redhat Linux, Apple OS-X, HPUX and Solaris.  It should run
+with minor porting on any GNU/Linux-ish platform.  Verilator also works on
+Windows under Cygwin, and Windows under MinGW (gcc -mno-cygwin).  Verilated
+output (not Verilator itself) compiles under all the options above, plus
+MSVC++.
+
+=== Install Prerequisites
+
+To build Verilator you will need to install some standard packages:
+
+   sudo apt-get install git
+   sudo apt-get install autoconf
+   sudo apt-get install flex bison
+
+Additionally, to build or run Verilator you need these standard packages:
+
+   sudo apt-get install perl python3
+   sudo apt-get install make
+   sudo apt-get install g++  # Alternatively, clang
+   sudo apt-get install libgz  # Non-Ubuntu (ignore if gives error)
+   sudo apt-get install libfl2 libfl-dev zlibc zlib1g zlib1g-dev  # Ubuntu only (ignore if gives error)
+
+Those developing Verilator may also want these (see internals.adoc):
+
+   sudo apt-get install gdb asciidoctor graphviz
+   cpan install Pod::Perldoc
+   cpan install Unix::Processors
+
+==== Install SystemC
+
+If you will be using SystemC (vs straight C++ output), download
+http://www.systemc.org[SystemC].  Follow their installation instructions.
+You will need to set `SYSTEMC_INCLUDE` to point to the include directory
+with systemc.h in it, and `SYSTEMC_LIBDIR` to points to the directory with
+libsystemc.a in it.  (Older installations may set `SYSTEMC` and
+`SYSTEMC_ARCH` instead.)
+
+==== Install GTKWave
+
+To make use of Verilator FST tracing you will want
+http://gtkwave.sourceforge.net/[GTKwave] installed, however this is not
+required at Verilator build time.
+
+=== Obtain Sources
+
+You may use Git or a tarball for the sources.  Git is the supported option.
+(If using a historical build that uses a tarball, tarballs are obtained
+from https://www.veripool.org/projects/verilator/wiki/Download[Verilator
+Downloads]; we presume you know how to use it, and is not described here.)
+
+Get the sources from the repository: (You need do this only once, ever.)
+
+   git clone https://git.veripool.org/git/verilator   # Only first time
+   ## Note the URL above is not a page you can see with a browser, it's for git only
+
+Enter the checkout and determine what version/branch to use:
+
+   cd verilator
+   git pull        # Make sure we're up-to-date
+   git tag         # See what versions exist
+   #git checkout master      # Use development branch (e.g. recent bug fix)
+   #git checkout stable      # Use most recent release
+   #git checkout v{version}  # Switch to specified release version
+
+=== Auto Configure
+
+Create the configuration script:
+
+   autoconf        # Create ./configure script
+
+=== Eventual Installation Options
+
+Before configuring the build, you have to decide how you're going to
+eventually install the kit.  Verilator will be compiling the current value
+of `VERILATOR_ROOT`, `SYSTEMC_INCLUDE`, and `SYSTEMC_LIBDIR` as defaults
+into the executable, so they must be correct before configuring.
+
+These are the options:
+
+==== 1. Run-in-Place from VERILATOR_ROOT
+
+Our personal favorite is to always run Verilator in-place from its Git
+directory.  This allows the easiest experimentation and upgrading, and
+allows many versions of Verilator to co-exist on a system.
+
+   export VERILATOR_ROOT=`pwd`   # if your shell is bash
+   setenv VERILATOR_ROOT `pwd`   # if your shell is csh
+   ./configure
+   # Running will use files from $VERILATOR_ROOT, so no install needed
+
+Note after installing (below steps), a calling program or shell must set
+the environment variable `VERILATOR_ROOT` to point to this Git directory,
+then execute `$VERILATOR_ROOT/bin/verilator`, which will find the path to
+all needed files.
+
+==== 2. Install into a CAD Disk
+
+You may eventually be installing onto a project/company-wide "CAD" tools
+disk that may support multiple versions of every tool.  Target the build to
+a destination directory name that includes the Verilator version name:
+
+   unset VERILATOR_ROOT      # if your shell is bash
+   unsetenv VERILATOR_ROOT   # if your shell is csh
+   # For the tarball, use the version number instead of git describe
+   ./configure --prefix /CAD_DISK/verilator/`git describe | sed "s/verilator_//"`
+
+Note after installing (below steps), if you use
+http://modules.sourceforge.net/[modulecmd], you'll want a module file like
+the following:
+
+.modulecmd's verilator/version file
+----
+set install_root /CAD_DISK/verilator/{version-number-used-above}
+unsetenv VERILATOR_ROOT
+prepend-path PATH $install_root/bin
+prepend-path MANPATH $install_root/man
+prepend-path PKG_CONFIG_PATH $install_root/share/pkgconfig
+----
+
+==== 3. Install into a Specific Path
+
+You may eventually install Verilator into a specific installation prefix,
+as most GNU tools support:
+
+   unset VERILATOR_ROOT      # if your shell is bash
+   unsetenv VERILATOR_ROOT   # if your shell is csh
+   ./configure --prefix /opt/verilator-VERSION
+
+Then after installing (below steps) you will need to add
+`/opt/verilator-VERSION/bin` to `$PATH`.
+
+==== 4. Install System Globally
+
+The final option is to eventually install Verilator globally, using the
+normal system paths:
+
+   unset VERILATOR_ROOT      # if your shell is bash
+   unsetenv VERILATOR_ROOT   # if your shell is csh
+   ./configure
+
+Then after installing (below) the binary directories should already be in
+your `$PATH`.
+
+=== Configure
+
+The command to configure the package was described in the previous step.
+Developers should configure to have more complete developer tests.
+Additional packages may be required for these tests.
+
+   export VERILATOR_AUTHOR_SITE=1    # Put in your .bashrc
+   ./configure --enable-longtests  ...above options...
+
+=== Compile
+
+Compile Verilator:
+
+   make -j
+
+=== Test
+
+Check the compilation by running self-tests:
+
+   make test
+
+=== Install
+
+If you used any but the <<1. Run-in-Place from VERILATOR_ROOT>> scheme,
+install to the OS-standard place:
+
+   make install
+
+== Running Verilator
+
+To run Verilator, see the example sections in the
+https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.html[Verilator manual (HTML)],
+or https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.pdf[Verilator manual (PDF)].
+
+Also see the `examples/` directory that is part of the kit, and is installed
+(in a OS-specific place, often in e.g. `/usr/local/share/verilator/examples`).
+
+     cd examples/make_hello_c
+     make
+
+Note if you did a `make install` above you should not have `VERILATOR_ROOT`
+set in your environment; it is built into the executable.
+
+== Announcements
+
+To get notified of new releases, login to
+https://www.veripool.org[Veripool], and click the "watch" button near the
+top right under https://www.veripool.org/projects/verilator/news[Verilator
+News].
+
+== Directory Structure
+
+Some relevant files and directories in this package are as follows:
+
+   Changes                     => Version history
+   README.adoc                 => This document
+   bin/verilator               => Compiler wrapper invoked to Verilate code
+   docs/                       => Additional documentation
+   examples/make_hello_c       => Example GNU-make simple Verilog->C++ conversion
+   examples/make_hello_sc      => Example GNU-make simple Verilog->SystemC conversion
+   examples/make_tracing_c     => Example GNU-make Verilog->C++ with tracing
+   examples/make_tracing_sc    => Example GNU-make Verilog->SystemC with tracing
+   examples/make_protect_lib   => Example using --protect-lib
+   examples/cmake_hello_c      => Example building make_hello_c with CMake
+   examples/cmake_hello_sc     => Example building make_hello_sc with CMake
+   examples/cmake_tracing_c    => Example building make_tracing_c with CMake
+   examples/cmake_tracing_sc   => Example building make_tracing_sc with CMake
+   examples/cmake_protect_lib  => Example building make_protect_lib with CMake
+   include/                    => Files that should be in your -I compiler path
+   include/verilated*.cpp      => Global routines to link into your simulator
+   include/verilated*.h        => Global headers
+   include/verilated.mk        => Common Makefile
+   src/                        => Translator source code
+   test_regress                => Internal tests
+
+For files created after a design is Verilated, see the
+https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.html[Verilator manual (HTML)],
+or https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.pdf[Verilator manual (PDF)].
+
+== License
+
+Copyright 2008-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  Verilator is free software; you can
+redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU Lesser
+General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.

docs/internals.adoc

@@ -0,0 +1,978 @@
+= Verilator Internals Documentation
+:toc: right
+
+// Github doesn't render unless absolute URL
+image::https://www.veripool.org/img/verilator_256_200_min.png[Logo,256,200,role="right"]
+
+== Introduction
+
+This file discusses internal and programming details for Verilator.  It's a
+reference for developers and debugging problems.
+
+See also the Verilator internals presentation at https://www.veripool.org.
+
+== Code Flows
+
+=== Verilator Flow
+
+The main flow of Verilator can be followed by reading the Verilator.cpp
+`process()` function:
+
+. First, the files specified on the command line are read.  Reading
+involves preprocessing, then lexical analysis with Flex and parsing with
+Bison.  This produces an abstract syntax tree (AST) representation of the
+design, which is what is visible in the .tree files described below.
+
+. Verilator then makes a series of passes over the AST, progressively
+refining and optimizing it.
+
+. Cells in the AST first linked, which will read and parse additional files
+as above.
+
+. Functions, variable and other references are linked to their definitions.
+
+. Parameters are resolved and the design is elaborated.
+
+. Verilator then performs many additional edits and optimizations on the
+hierarchical design.  This includes coverage, assertions, X elimination,
+inlining, constant propagation, and dead code elimination.
+
+. References in the design are then pseudo-flattened.  Each module's
+variables and functions get "Scope" references.  A scope reference is an
+occurrence of that un-flattened variable in the flattened hierarchy.  A
+module that occurs only once in the hierarchy will have a single scope and
+single VarScope for each variable.  A module that occurs twice will have a
+scope for each occurrence, and two VarScopes for each variable.  This
+allows optimizations to proceed across the flattened design, while still
+preserving the hierarchy.
+
+. Additional edits and optimizations proceed on the pseudo-flat design.
+These include module references, function inlining, loop unrolling,
+variable lifetime analysis, lookup table creation, always splitting, and
+logic gate simplifications (pushing inverters, etc).
+
+. Verilator orders the code.  Best case, this results in a single "eval"
+function which has all always statements flowing from top to bottom with no
+loops.
+
+. Verilator mostly removes the flattening, so that code may be shared
+between multiple invocations of the same module.  It localizes variables,
+combines identical functions, expands macros to C primitives, adds branch
+prediction hints, and performs additional constant propagation.
+
+. Verilator finally writes the C++ modules.
+
+=== Key Classes Used in the Verilator Flow
+
+==== `AstNode`
+
+The AST is represented at the top level by the class `AstNode`. This
+abstract class has derived classes for the individual components
+(e.g. `AstGenerate` for a generate block) or groups of components
+(e.g. `AstNodeFTask` for functions and tasks, which in turn has `AstFunc`
+and `AstTask` as derived classes).
+
+Each `AstNode` has pointers to up to four children, accessed by the `op1p`
+through `op4p` methods.  These methods are then abstracted in a specific
+Ast* node class to a more specific name.  For example with the `AstIf` node
+(for `if` statements), `ifsp` calls `op2p` to give the pointer to the AST
+for the "then" block, while `elsesp` calls `op3p` to give the pointer to
+the AST for the "else" block, or NULL if there is not one.
+
+`AstNode` has the concept of a next and previous AST - for example the next
+and previous statements in a block. Pointers to the AST for these
+statements (if they exist) can be obtained using the `back` and `next`
+methods.
+
+It is useful to remember that the derived class `AstNetlist` is at the top
+of the tree, so checking for this class is the standard way to see if you
+are at the top of the tree.
+
+By convention, each function/method uses the variable `nodep` as a pointer
+to the `AstNode` currently being processed.
+
+==== `AstNVisitor`
+
+The passes are implemented by AST visitor classes.  These are implemented
+by subclasses of the abstract class, `AstNVisitor`. Each pass creates an
+instance of the visitor class, which in turn implements a method to perform
+the pass.
+
+==== `V3Graph`
+
+A number of passes use graph algorithms, and the class `V3Graph` is
+provided to represent those graphs. Graphs are directed, and algorithms are
+provided to manipulate the graphs and to output them in
+https://www.graphviz.org[GraphViz] dot format. `V3Graph.h` provides
+documentation of this class.
+
+==== `V3GraphVertex`
+
+`V3GraphVertex` is the base class for vertices in a graph. Vertices have
+an associated `fanout`, `color` and `rank`, which may be used in algorithms
+for ordering the graph. A generic `user`/`userp` member variable is also
+provided.
+
+Virtual methods are provided to specify the name, color, shape and style to
+be used in dot output. Typically users provide derived classes from
+`V3GraphVertex` which will reimplement these methods.
+
+Iterators are provided to access in and out edges. Typically these are used
+in the form:
+
+   for (V3GraphEdge *edgep = vertexp->inBeginp();
+      edgep;
+      edgep = edgep->inNextp()) {
+
+==== `V3GraphEdge`
+
+`V3GraphEdge` is the base class for directed edges between pairs of
+vertices. Edges have an associated `weight` and may also be made
+`cutable`. A generic `user`/`userp` member variable is also provided.
+
+Accessors, `fromp` and `top` return the "from" and "to" vertices
+respectively.
+
+Virtual methods are provided to specify the label, color and style to be
+used in dot output. Typically users provided derived classes from
+`V3GraphEdge` which will reimplement these methods.
+
+==== `V3GraphAlg`
+
+This is the base class for graph algorithms. It implements a `bool` method,
+`followEdge` which algorithms can use to decide whether an edge is
+followed. This method returns true if the graph edge has weight greater
+than one and a user function, `edgeFuncp` (supplied in the constructor)
+returns `true`.
+
+A number of predefined derived algorithm classes and access methods are
+provided and documented in `V3GraphAlg.cpp`.
+
+=== Multithreaded Mode
+
+In `--threads` mode, the frontend of the Verilator pipeline is the same as
+serial mode, up until V3Order.
+
+`V3Order` builds a fine-grained, statement-level dependency graph that
+governs the ordering of code within a single `eval()` call. In serial mode,
+that dependency graph is used to order all statements into a total serial
+order.  In parallel mode, the same dependency graph is the starting point
+for a partitioner (`V3Partition`).
+
+The partitioner's goal is to coarsen the fine-grained graph into a coarser
+graph, while maintaining as much available parallelism as possible. Often
+the partitioner can transform an input graph with millions of nodes into a
+coarsened execution graph with a few dozen nodes, while maintaining enough
+parallelism to take advantage of a modern multicore CPU. Runtime
+synchronization cost is not prohibitive with so few nodes.
+
+==== Partitioning
+
+Our partitioner is similar to the one Vivek Sarkar described in his 1989
+paper _Partitioning and Scheduling Parallel Programs for Multiprocessors_.
+
+Let's define some terms:
+
+==== Par Factor
+
+The available parallelism or "par-factor" of a DAG is the total cost to
+execute all nodes, divided by the cost to execute the longest critical path
+through the graph. This is the speedup you would get from running the graph
+in parallel, if given infinite CPU cores available and communication and
+synchronization are zero.
+
+==== Macro Task
+
+When the partitioner coarsens the graph, it combines nodes together. Each
+fine-grained node represents an atomic "task"; combined nodes in the
+coarsened graph are "macro-tasks". This term comes from Sarkar. Each
+macro-task executes from start to end on one processor, without any
+synchronization to any other macro-task during its
+execution. (Synchronization only happens before the macro-task begins or
+after it ends.)
+
+==== Edge Contraction
+
+Verilator's partitioner, like Sarkar's, primarily relies on "edge
+contraction" to coarsen the graph. It starts with one macro-task per atomic
+task and iteratively combines pairs of edge-connected macro-tasks.
+
+==== Local Critical Path
+
+Each node in the graph has a "local" critical path. That's the critical
+path from the start of the graph to the start of the node, plus the node's
+cost, plus the critical path from the end of the node to the end of the
+graph.
+
+Sarkar calls out an important trade-off: coarsening the graph reduces
+runtime synchronization overhead among the macro-tasks, but it tends to
+increase the critical path through the graph and thus reduces par-factor.
+
+Sarkar's partitioner, and ours, chooses pairs of macro-tasks to merge such
+that the growth in critical path is minimized. Each candidate merge would
+result in a new node, which would have some local critical path. We choose
+the candidate that would produce the shortest local critical path. Repeat
+until par-factor falls to a target threshold. It's a greedy algorithm, and
+it's not guaranteed to produce the best partition (which Sarkar proves is
+NP-hard).
+
+==== Estimating Logic Costs
+
+To compute the cost of any given path through the graph, Verilator
+estimates an execution cost for each task. Each macro-task has an execution
+cost which is simply the sum of its tasks' costs. We assume that
+communication overhead and synchronization overhead are zero, so the cost
+of any given path through the graph is simply the sum of macro-task
+execution costs. Sarkar does almost the same thing, except that he has
+nonzero estimates for synchronization costs.
+
+Verilator's cost estimates are assigned by `InstrCountCostVisitor`.  This
+class is perhaps the most fragile piece of the multithread implementation.
+It's easy to have a bug where you count something cheap (eg. accessing one
+element of a huge array) as if it were expensive (eg. by counting it as if
+it were an access to the entire array.) Even without such gross bugs, the
+estimates this produce are only loosely predictive of actual runtime cost.
+Multithread performance would be better with better runtime costs
+estimates.  This is an area to improve.
+
+==== Scheduling Macro-Tasks at Runtime
+
+After coarsening the graph, we must schedule the macro-tasks for runtime.
+Sarkar describes two options: you can dynamically schedule tasks at
+runtime, with a runtime graph follower. Sarkar calls this the
+"macro-dataflow model."  Verilator does not support this; early experiments
+with this approach had poor performance.
+
+The other option is to statically assign macro-tasks to threads, with each
+thread running its macro-tasks in a static order. Sarkar describes this in
+Chapter 5. Verilator takes this static approach. The only dynamic aspect is
+that each macro task may block before starting, to wait until its
+prerequisites on other threads have finished.
+
+The synchronization cost is cheap if the prereqs are done. If they're not,
+fragmentation (idle CPU cores waiting) is possible. This is the major
+source of overhead in this approach. The `--prof-threads` switch and the
+`verilator_gantt` script can visualize the time lost to such fragmentation.
+
+==== Locating Variables for Best Spatial Locality
+
+After scheduling all code, we attempt to locate variables in memory such
+that variables accessed by a single macro-task are close together in
+memory.  This provides "spatial locality" -- when we pull in a 64-byte
+cache line to access a 2-byte variable, we want the other 62 bytes to be
+ones we'll also likely access soon, for best cache performance.
+
+This turns out to be critical for performance. It should allow Verilator to
+scale to very large models. We don't rely on our working set fitting in any
+CPU cache; instead we essentially "stream" data into caches from
+memory. It's not literally streaming, where the address increases
+monotonically, but it should have similar performance characteristics, so
+long as each macro-task's dataset fits in one core's local caches.
+
+To achieve spatial locality, we tag each variable with the set of
+macro-tasks that access it. Let's call this set the "footprint" of that
+variable. The variables in a given module have a set of footprints. We can
+order those footprints to minimize the distance between them (distance is
+the number of macro-tasks that are different across any two footprints) and
+then emit all variables into the struct in ordered-footprint order.
+
+The footprint ordering is literally the traveling salesman problem, and we
+use a TSP-approximation algorithm to get close to an optimal sort.
+
+This is an old idea. Simulators designed at DEC in the early 1990s used
+similar techniques to optimize both single-thread and multi-thread modes.
+(Verilator does not optimize variable placement for spatial locality in
+serial mode; that is a possible area for improvement.)
+
+==== Improving Multithreaded Performance Further (a TODO list)
+
+===== Wave Scheduling
+
+To allow the Verilated model to run in parallel with the testbench, it
+might be nice to support "wave" scheduling, in which work on a cycle begins
+before `eval()` is called or continues after `eval()` returns.  For now all
+work on a cycle happens during the `eval()` call, leaving Verilator's
+threads idle while the testbench (everything outside `eval()`) is
+working. This would involve fundamental changes within the partitioner,
+however, it's probably the best bet for hiding testbench latency.
+
+===== Efficient Dynamic Scheduling
+
+To scale to more than a few threads, we may revisit a fully dynamic
+scheduler. For large (>16 core) systems it might make sense to dedicate an
+entire core to scheduling, so that scheduler data structures would fit in
+its L1 cache and thus the cost of traversing priority-ordered ready lists
+would not be prohibitive.
+
+===== Static Scheduling with Runtime Repack
+
+We could modify the static scheduling approach by gathering actual
+macro-task execution times at run time, and dynamically re-packing the
+macro-tasks into the threads also at run time. Say, re-pack once every
+10,000 cycles or something. This has the potential to do better than our
+static estimates about macro-task run times. It could potentially react to
+CPU cores that aren't performing equally, due to NUMA or thermal throttling
+or nonuniform competing memory traffic or whatever.
+
+===== Clock Domain Balancing
+
+Right now Verilator makes no attempt to balance clock domains across
+macro-tasks. For a multi-domain model, that could lead to bad gantt chart
+fragmentation. This could be improved if it's a real problem in practice.
+
+===== Other Forms of MTask Balancing
+
+The largest source of runtime overhead is idle CPUs, which happens due to
+variance between our predicted runtime for each MTask and its actual
+runtime. That variance is magnified if MTasks are homogeneous, containing
+similar repeating logic which was generally close together in source code
+and which is still packed together even after going through Verilator's
+digestive tract.
+
+If Verilator could avoid doing that, and instead would take source logic
+that was close together and distribute it across MTasks, that would
+increase the diversity of any given MTask, and this should reduce variance
+in the cost estimates.
+
+One way to do that might be to make various "tie breaker" comparison
+routines in the sources to rely more heavily on randomness, and generally
+try harder not to keep input nodes together when we have the option to
+scramble things.
+
+===== Performance Regression
+
+It would be nice if we had a regression of large designs, with some
+diversity of design styles, to test on both single- and multi-threaded
+modes. This would help to avoid performance regressions, and also to
+evaluate the optimizations while minimizing the impact of parasitic noise.
+
+===== Per-Instance Classes
+
+If we have multiple instances of the same module, and they partition
+differently (likely; we make no attempt to partition them the same) then
+the variable sort will be suboptimal for either instance.  A possible
+improvement would be to emit a unique class for each instance of a module,
+and sort its variables optimally for that instance's code stream.
+
+=== Verilated Flow
+
+The evaluation loop outputted by Verilator is designed to allow a single
+function to perform evaluation under most situations.
+
+On the first evaluation, the Verilated code calls initial blocks, and then
+"settles" the modules, by evaluating functions (from always statements)
+until all signals are stable.
+
+On other evaluations, the Verilated code detects what input signals have
+changes.  If any are clocks, it calls the appropriate sequential functions
+(from `always @ posedge` statements).  Interspersed with sequential functions
+it calls combo functions (from `always @*`).  After this is complete, it
+detects any changes due to combo loops or internally generated clocks, and
+if one is found must reevaluate the model again.
+
+For SystemC code, the `eval()` function is wrapped in a SystemC
+`SC_METHOD`, sensitive to all inputs.  (Ideally it would only be sensitive
+to clocks and combo inputs, but tracing requires all signals to cause
+evaluation, and the performance difference is small.)
+
+If tracing is enabled, a callback examines all variables in the design for
+changes, and writes the trace for each change.  To accelerate this process
+the evaluation process records a bitmask of variables that might have
+changed; if clear, checking those signals for changes may be skipped.
+
+== Coding Conventions
+
+=== Indentation and Naming Style
+
+We will work with contributors to fix up indentation style issues, but it
+is appreciated if you could match our style:
+
+* All files should contain the magic header to insure standard indentation:
++
+   // -*- mode: C++; c-file-style: "cc-mode" -*-
++
+This sets indentation to the `cc-mode` defaults.  (Verilator predates a
+CC-mode change of several years ago which overrides the defaults with GNU
+style indentation; the `c-set-style` undoes that.)
+
+* Use 4 spaces per level, and no tabs.
+
+* Use 2 spaces between the end of source and the beginning of a comment.
+
+* Use 1 space after if/for/switch/while and similar keywords.
+
+* No spaces before semicolons, nor between a function's name and open
+parenthesis (only applies to functions; if/else has a following space).
+
+* Use "mixedCapsSymbols" instead of "underlined_symbols".
+
+* Uas a "p" suffix on variables that are pointers, e.g. "nodep".
+
+* Comment every member variable.
+
+=== The `astgen` Script
+
+Some of the code implementing passes is extremely repetitive, and must be
+implemented for each sub-class of `AstNode`. However, while repetitive,
+there is more variability than can be handled in C++ macros.
+
+In Verilator this is implemented by using a Perl script, `astgen` to
+pre-process the C++ code. For example in `V3Const.cpp` this is used to
+implement the `visit()` functions for each binary operation using the
+`TREEOP` macro.
+
+The original C++ source code is transformed into C++ code in the `obj_opt`
+and `obj_dbg` sub-directories (the former for the optimized version of
+Verilator, the latter for the debug version). So for example `V3Const.cpp`
+into `V3Const__gen.cpp`.
+
+=== Visitor Functions
+
+Verilator uses the "Visitor" design pattern to implement its refinement and
+optimization passes. This allows separation of the pass algorithm from the
+AST on which it operates. Wikipedia provides an introduction to the concept
+at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visitor_pattern.
+
+As noted above, all visitors are derived classes of `AstNVisitor`. All
+derived classes of `AstNode` implement the `accept` method, which takes as
+argument a reference to an instance or a `AstNVisitor` derived class and
+applies the visit method of the `AstNVisitor` to the invoking AstNode
+instance (i.e. `this`).
+
+One possible difficulty is that a call to `accept` may perform an edit
+which destroys the node it receives as argument. The
+`acceptSubtreeReturnEdits` method of `AstNode` is provided to apply
+`accept` and return the resulting node, even if the original node is
+destroyed (if it is not destroyed it will just return the original node).
+
+The behavior of the visitor classes is achieved by overloading the `visit`
+function for the different `AstNode` derived classes. If a specific
+implementation is not found, the system will look in turn for overloaded
+implementations up the inheritance hierarchy. For example calling `accept`
+on `AstIf` will look in turn for:
+
+   void visit(AstIf* nodep)
+   void visit(AstNodeIf* nodep)
+   void visit(AstNodeStmt* nodep)
+   void visit(AstNode* nodep)
+
+There are three ways data is passed between visitor functions.
+
+1. A visitor-class member variable.  This is generally for passing "parent"
+information down to children.  `m_modp` is a common example.  It's set to
+NULL in the constructor, where that node (`AstModule` visitor) sets it,
+then the children are iterated, then it's cleared.  Children under an
+`AstModule` will see it set, while nodes elsewhere will see it clear.  If
+there can be nested items (for example an `AstFor` under an `AstFor`) the
+variable needs to be save-set-restored in the `AstFor` visitor, otherwise
+exiting the lower for will lose the upper for's setting.
+
+2. User attributes.  Each `AstNode` (*Note.* The AST node, not the visitor)
+has five user attributes, which may be accessed as an integer using the
+`user1()` through `user5()` methods, or as a pointer (of type `AstNUser`)
+using the `user1p()` through `user5p()` methods (a common technique lifted
+from graph traversal packages).
++
+A visitor first clears the one it wants to use by calling
+`AstNode::user#ClearTree()`, then it can mark any node's `user#()` with whatever
+data it wants.  Readers just call `nodep->user()`, but may need to cast
+appropriately, so you'll often see `VN_CAST(nodep->userp(), SOMETYPE)`.
+At the top of each visitor are comments describing how the `user()` stuff
+applies to that visitor class.  For example:
++
+   // NODE STATE
+   // Cleared entire netlist
+   //   AstModule::user1p()     // bool. True to inline this module
++
+This says that at the `AstNetlist` `user1ClearTree()` is called.  Each
+`AstModule`'s `user1()` is used to indicate if we're going to inline it.
++
+These comments are important to make sure a `user#()` on a given `AstNode`
+type is never being used for two different purposes.
++
+Note that calling `user#ClearTree` is fast, it doesn't walk the tree, so
+it's ok to call fairly often.  For example, it's commonly called on every
+module.
+
+3. Parameters can be passed between the visitors in close to the "normal"
+function caller to callee way.  This is the second `vup` parameter of type
+`AstNUser` that is ignored on most of the visitor functions.  V3Width does
+this, but it proved more messy than the above and is deprecated.  (V3Width
+was nearly the first module written.  Someday this scheme may be removed,
+as it slows the program down to have to pass vup everywhere.)
+
+=== Iterators
+
+`AstNVisitor` provides a set of iterators to facilitate walking over the
+tree. Each operates on the current `AstNVisitor` class (as this) and takes
+an argument type `AstNode*`.
+
+`iterate`::
+
+Applies the `accept` method of the `AstNode` to the visitor function.
+
+`iterateAndNextIgnoreEdit`::
+
+Applies the `accept` method of each `AstNode` in a list (i.e. connected by
+`nextp` and `backp` pointers).
+
+`iterateAndNextNull`::
+
+Applies the `accept` method of each `AstNode` in a list, only if the
+provided node is non-NULL. If a node is edited by the call to `accept`,
+apply `accept` again, until the node does not change.
+
+`iterateListBackwards`::
+
+Applies the `accept` method of each `AstNode` in a list, starting with the
+last one.
+
+`iterateChildren`::
+
+Applies the `iterateAndNextNull` method on each child `op1p` through `op4p`
+in turn.
+
+`iterateChildrenBackwards`::
+
+Applies the `iterateListBackwards` method on each child `op1p` through
+`op4p` in turn.
+
+==== Caution on Using Iterators When Child Changes
+
+Visitors often replace one node with another node; V3Width and V3Const are
+major examples.  A visitor which is the parent of such a replacement needs
+to be aware that calling iteration may cause the children to change.  For
+example:
+
+   // nodep->lhsp() is 0x1234000
+   iterateAndNextNull(nodep->lhsp());  // and under covers nodep->lhsp() changes
+   // nodep->lhsp() is 0x5678400
+   iterateAndNextNull(nodep->lhsp());
+
+Will work fine, as even if the first iterate causes a new node to take the
+place of the `lhsp()`, that edit will update `nodep->lhsp()` and the second
+call will correctly see the change. Alternatively:
+
+   lp = nodep->lhsp();
+   // nodep->lhsp() is 0x1234000, lp is 0x1234000
+   iterateAndNextNull(lp); **lhsp=NULL;**  // and under covers nodep->lhsp() changes
+   // nodep->lhsp() is 0x5678400, lp is 0x1234000
+   iterateAndNextNull(lp);
+
+This will cause bugs or a core dump, as lp is a dangling pointer.  Thus it
+is advisable to set lhsp=NULL shown in the *'s above to make sure these
+dangles are avoided.  Another alternative used in special cases mostly in
+V3Width is to use acceptSubtreeReturnEdits, which operates on a single node
+and returns the new pointer if any.  Note acceptSubtreeReturnEdits does not
+follow `nextp()` links.
+
+   lp = acceptSubtreeReturnEdits(lp)
+
+=== Identifying Derived Classes
+
+A common requirement is to identify the specific `AstNode` class we are
+dealing with. For example a visitor might not implement separate `visit`
+methods for `AstIf` and `AstGenIf`, but just a single method for the base
+class:
+
+   void visit (AstNodeIf* nodep)
+
+However that method might want to specify additional code if it is called
+for `AstGenIf`. Verilator does this by providing a `VN_IS` method for each
+possible node type, which returns true if the node is of that type (or
+derived from that type).  So our `visit` method could use:
+
+   if (VN_IS(nodep, AstGenIf) {
+     <code specific to AstGenIf>
+   }
+
+Additionally the `VN_CAST` method converts pointers similar to C++
+`dynamic_cast`. This either returns a pointer to the object cast to that
+type (if it is of class `SOMETYPE`, or a derived class of `SOMETYPE`) or
+else NULL.  (However, for true/false tests use `VN_IS` as that is faster.)
+
+== Testing
+
+For an overview of how to write a test see the BUGS section of the
+Verilator primary manual.
+
+It is important to add tests for failures as well as success (for example
+to check that an error message is correctly triggered).
+
+Tests that fail should by convention have the suffix `_bad` in their name,
+and include `fails = 1` in either their `compile` or `execute` step as
+appropriate.
+
+=== Preparing to Run Tests
+
+For all tests to pass you must install the following packages:
+
+* SystemC to compile the SystemC outputs, see http://systemc.org
+
+* Parallel::Forker from CPAN to run tests in parallel, you can install this
+with e.g. "sudo cpan install Parallel::Forker".
+
+* vcddiff to find differences in VCD outputs. See the readme at
+https://github.com/veripool/vcddiff
+
+=== Controlling the Test Driver
+
+Test drivers are written in PERL. All invoke the main test driver script,
+which can provide detailed help on all the features available when writing
+a test driver.
+
+   test_regress/t/driver.pl --help
+
+For convenience, a summary of the most commonly used features is provided
+here. All drivers require a call to `compile` subroutine to compile the
+test. For run-time tests, this is followed by a call to the `execute`
+subroutine. Both of these functions can optionally be provided with a hash
+table as argument specifying additional options.
+
+The test driver assumes by default that the source Verilog file name
+matches the PERL driver name. So a test whose driver is `t/t_mytest.pl`
+will expect a Verilog source file `t/t_mytest.v`. This can be changed
+using the `top_filename` subroutine, for example
+
+   top_filename("t/t_myothertest.v");
+
+By default all tests will run with major simulators (Icarus Verilog, NC,
+VCS, ModelSim, etc) as well as Verilator, to allow results to be
+compared. However if you wish a test only to be used with Verilator, you
+can use the following:
+
+   scenarios(vlt => 1);
+
+Of the many options that can be set through arguments to `compiler` and
+`execute`, the following are particularly useful:
+
+`verilator_flags2`::
+
+A list of flags to be passed to verilator when compiling.
+
+`fails`::
+
+Set to 1 to indicate that the compilation or execution is intended to fail.
+
+For example the following would specify that compilation requires two
+defines and is expected to fail.
+
+   compile (
+      verilator_flags2 => ["-DSMALL_CLOCK -DGATED_COMMENT"],
+      fails => 1,
+      );
+
+=== Regression Testing for Developers
+
+Developers will also want to call ./configure with two extra flags:
+
+`--enable-ccwarn`::
+
+Causes the build to stop on warnings as well as errors. A good way to
+ensure no sloppy code gets added, however it can be painful when it comes
+to testing, since third party code used in the tests (e.g. SystemC) may not
+be warning free.
+
+`--enable-longtests`::
+
+In addition to the standard C, SystemC examples, also run the tests in the
+`test_regress` directory when using _make test_'.  This is disabled by
+default as SystemC installation problems would otherwise falsely indicate a
+Verilator problem.
+
+When enabling the long tests, some additional PERL modules are needed,
+which you can install using cpan.
+
+   cpan install Unix::Processors
+
+There are some traps to avoid when running regression tests
+
+* When checking the MANIFEST, the test will barf on unexpected code in the
+Verilator tree. So make sure to keep any such code outside the tree.
+
+* Not all Linux systems install Perldoc by default. This is needed for the
+`--help_' option to Verilator, and also for regression testing. This can be
+installed using cpan:
++
+   cpan install Pod::Perldoc
++
+Many Linux systems also offer a standard package for this. Red
+Hat/Fedora/Centos offer _perl-Pod-Perldoc_', while Debian/Ubuntu/Linux Mint
+offer `perl-doc'.
+
+* Running regression may exhaust resources on some Linux systems,
+particularly file handles and user processes. Increase these to
+respectively 16,384 and 4,096. The method of doing this is system
+dependent, but on Fedora Linux it would require editing the
+`/etc/security/limits.conf` file as root.
+
+=== Continuous Integration
+
+Verilator has a https://travis-ci.com/verilator/verilator[Travis CI environment]
+which automatically tests the master branch for test failures on new commits. It
+also runs a daily cron job to validate all of the tests against different OS and
+compiler versions.
+
+Developers can connect Travis CI to their GitHub account so that the CI
+environment can check their branches too by doing the following:
+
+* Go to https://github.com/marketplace/travis-ci and follow the prompts
+
+* Only the Open Source (FREE) version of Travis CI is required
+
+* Under a Travis CI project click More options > Settings in order to set up a
+cron job on a particular branch
+
+=== Fuzzing
+
+There are scripts included to facilitate fuzzing of Verilator.  These have
+been successfully used to find a number of bugs in the frontend.
+
+The scripts are based on using http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/afl/[American fuzzy lop]
+on a Debian-like system.
+
+To get started, cd to "nodist/fuzzer/" and run "./all".  A sudo password
+may be required to setup the system for fuzzing.
+
+== Debugging
+
+=== --debug
+
+When you run with `--debug` there are two primary output file types placed
+into the obj_dir, .tree and .dot files.
+
+=== .dot Output
+
+Dot files are dumps of internal graphs in
+https://www.graphviz.org[Graphviz] dot format.  When a dot file is dumped,
+Verilator will also print a line on stdout that can be used to format the
+output, for example:
+
+   dot -Tps -o ~/a.ps obj_dir/Vtop_foo.dot
+
+You can then print a.ps.  You may prefer gif format, which doesn't get
+scaled so can be more useful with large graphs.
+
+For dynamic graph viewing consider
+http://zvtm.sourceforge.net/zgrviewer.html[ZGRViewer].  If you know of
+better viewers let us know; ZGRViewer isn't great for large graphs.
+
+=== .tree Output
+
+Tree files are dumps of the AST Tree and are produced between every major
+algorithmic stage.  An example:
+
+     NETLIST 0x90fb00 <e1> {a0}
+    1: MODULE 0x912b20 <e8822> {a8}  top  L2 [P]
+   *1:2: VAR 0x91a780 <e74#> {a22} @dt=0xa2e640(w32)  out_wide [O] WIRE
+    1:2:1: BASICDTYPE 0xa2e640 <e2149> {e24} @dt=this(sw32)  integer kwd=integer range=[31:0]
+
+The following summarizes the above example dump, with more detail on each
+field in the section below.
+
+[cols="20%,80%"]
+|===
+
+|`1:2:` | indicates the hierarchy of the `VAR` is the `op2p` pointer under
+the `MODULE`, which in turn is the `op1p` pointer under the `NETLIST`
+
+|`VAR` | is the AstNodeType.
+
+| `0x91a780` | is the address of this node.
+
+| `<e74>` | means the 74th edit to the netlist was the last modification to
+this node.
+
+| `{a22}` | indicates this node is related to line 22 in the source filename
+"a", where "a" is the first file read, "z" the 26th, and "aa" the 27th.
+
+| `@dt=0x...` | indicates the address of the data type this node contains.
+
+| `w32` | indicates the width is 32 bits.
+
+| `out_wide` | is the name of the node, in this case the name of the variable.
+
+| `[O]` |  are flags which vary with the type of node, in this case it means the
+variable is an output.
+
+|===
+
+In more detail the following fields are dumped common to all nodes. They
+are produced by the `AstNode::dump()` method:
+
+Tree Hierarchy::
+
+The dump lines begin with numbers and colons to indicate the child node
+hierarchy.  As noted above, `AstNode` has lists of items at the same level
+in the AST, connected by the `nextp()` and `prevp()` pointers. These appear
+as nodes at the same level. For example after inlining:
+
+    NETLIST 0x929c1c8 <e1> {a0} w0
+   1: MODULE 0x92bac80 <e3144> {e14} w0  TOP_t  L1 [P]
+   1:1: CELLINLINE 0x92bab18 <e3686#> {e14} w0  v -> t
+   1:1: CELLINLINE 0x92bc1d8 <e3688#> {e24} w0  v__DOT__i_test_gen -> test_gen
+   ...
+   1: MODULE 0x92b9bb0 <e503> {e47} w0  test_gen  L3
+   ...
+
+AstNode type::
+
+The textual name of this node AST type (always in capitals). Many of these
+correspond directly to Verilog entities (for example `MODULE` and
+`TASK`), but others are internal to Verilator (for example `NETLIST` and
+`BASICDTYPE`).
+
+Address of the node::
+
+A hexadecimal address of the node in memory. Useful for examining with the
+debugger.
+
+Last edit number::
+
+Of the form `<ennnn>` or `<ennnn#>` , where `nnnn` is the number
+of the last edit to modify this node. The trailing `#` indicates the node
+has been edited since the last tree dump (which typically means in the last
+refinement or optimization pass). GDB can watch for this, see << /Debugging >>.
+
+Source file and line::
+
+Of the form `{xxnnnn}`, where C{xx} is the filename letter (or
+letters) and `nnnn` is the line number within that file. The first file is
+`a`, the 26th is `z`, the 27th is `aa` and so on.
+
+User pointers::
+
+Shows the value of the node's user1p...user5p, if non-NULL.
+
+Data type::
+
+Many nodes have an explicit data type.  "@dt=0x..." indicates the address
+of the data type (AstNodeDType) this node uses.
++
+If a data type is present and is numeric, it then prints the width of the
+item. This field is a sequence of flag characters and width data as follows:
++
+* `s` if the node is signed.
+* `d` if the node is a double (i.e a floating point entity).
+* `w` always present, indicating this is the width field.
+* `u` if the node is unsized.
+* `/nnnn` if the node is unsized, where `nnnn` is the minimum width.
+
+Name of the entity represented by the node if it exists::
+
+For example for a `VAR` it is the name of the variable.
+
+Many nodes follow these fields with additional node specific
+information. Thus the `VARREF` node will print either `[LV]` or `[RV]`
+to indicate a left value or right value, followed by the node of the
+variable being referred to. For example:
+
+   1:2:1:1: VARREF 0x92c2598 <e509> {e24} w0  clk [RV] <- VAR 0x92a2e90 <e79> {e18} w0  clk [I] INPUT
+
+In general, examine the `dump()` method in `V3AstNodes.cpp` of the node
+type in question to determine additional fields that may be printed.
+
+The `MODULE` has a list of `CELLINLINE` nodes referred to by its
+`op1p()` pointer, connected by `nextp()` and `prevp()` pointers.
+
+Similarly the `NETLIST` has a list of modules referred to by its `op1p()`
+pointer.
+
+=== Debugging with GDB
+
+The test_regress/driver.pl script accepts `--debug --gdb` to start
+Verilator under gdb and break when an error is hit or the program is about
+to exit.  You can also use `--debug --gdbbt` to just backtrace and then
+exit gdb. To debug the Verilated executable, use `--gdbsim`.
+
+If you wish to start Verilator under GDB (or another debugger), then you
+can use `--debug` and look at the underlying invocation of
+`verilator_dbg`. For example
+
+   t/t_alw_dly.pl --debug
+
+shows it invokes the command:
+
+   ../verilator_bin_dbg --prefix Vt_alw_dly --x-assign unique --debug
+     -cc -Mdir obj_dir/t_alw_dly --debug-check -f input.vc t/t_alw_dly.v
+
+Start GDB, then `start` with the remaining arguments.
+
+   gdb ../verilator_bin_dbg
+   ...
+   (gdb) start --prefix Vt_alw_dly --x-assign unique --debug -cc -Mdir
+             obj_dir/t_alw_dly --debug-check  -f input.vc t/t_alw_dly.v
+             > obj_dir/t_alw_dly/vlt_compile.log
+   ...
+   Temporary breakpoint 1, main (argc=13, argv=0xbfffefa4, env=0xbfffefdc)
+       at ../Verilator.cpp:615
+   615         ios::sync_with_stdio();
+   (gdb)
+
+You can then continue execution with breakpoints as required.
+
+To break at a specific edit number which changed a node (presumably to find
+what made a <e####> line in the tree dumps):
+
+   watch AstNode::s_editCntGbl==####
+
+Then, when the watch fires, to break at every following change to that node:
+
+   watch m_editCount
+
+To print a node:
+
+   pn nodep
+   # or: call nodep->dumpGdb()  # aliased to "pn" in src/.gdbinit
+   pnt nodep
+   # or: call nodep->dumpTreeGdb()  # aliased to "pnt" in src/.gdbinit
+
+When GDB halts, it is useful to understand that the backtrace will commonly
+show the iterator functions between each invocation of `visit` in the
+backtrace. You will typically see a frame sequence something like
+
+   ...
+   visit()
+   iterateChildren()
+   iterateAndNext()
+   accept()
+   visit()
+   ...
+
+== Adding a New Feature
+
+Generally what would you do to add a new feature?
+
+. File an issue (if there isn't already) so others know what you're working on.
+
+. Make a testcase in the test_regress/t/t_EXAMPLE format, see << /TESTING >>.
+
+. If grammar changes are needed, look at the git version of VerilogPerl's
+src/VParseGrammar.y, as this grammar supports the full SystemVerilog
+language and has a lot of back-and-forth with Verilator's grammar.  Copy
+the appropriate rules to src/verilog.y and modify the productions.
+
+. If a new Ast type is needed, add it to V3AstNodes.h.
+
+. Now you can run "test_regress/t/t_{new testcase}.pl --debug" and it'll
+probably fail but you'll see a test_regress/obj_dir/t_{newtestcase}/*.tree
+file which you can examine to see if the parsing worked. See also the
+sections above on debugging.
+
+. Modify the later visitor functions to process the new feature as needed.
+
+=== Adding a New Pass
+
+For more substantial changes you may need to add a new pass. The simplest
+way to do this is to copy the `.cpp` and `.h` files from an existing
+pass. You'll need to add a call into your pass from the `process()`
+function in `src/verilator.cpp`.
+
+To get your pass to build you'll need to add its binary filename to the
+list in `src/Makefile_obj.in` and reconfigure.
+
+== Distribution
+
+Copyright 2008-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  Verilator is free software; you can
+redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU Lesser
+General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.

examples/cmake_hello_c/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+build*

examples/cmake_hello_c/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator CMake Example: Small CMakeLists.txt
+#
+# This is an example cmake script to build a verilog to systemc project
+# using cmake and verilator.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+
+# This example builds the tracing_c example using CMake
+# To use it, run the following:
+
+# cd /path/to/verilator/examples/cmake_c
+# rm -rf build && mkdir build && cd build
+# cmake ..
+# cmake --build .
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.8)
+project(cmake_hello_c)
+
+find_package(verilator HINTS $ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT} ${VERILATOR_ROOT})
+if (NOT verilator_FOUND)
+  message(FATAL_ERROR "Verilator was not found. Either install it, or set the VERILATOR_ROOT environment variable")
+endif()
+
+# Create a new executable target that will contain all your sources
+add_executable(example ../make_hello_c/sim_main.cpp)
+
+# Add the Verilated circuit to the target
+verilate(example
+  INCLUDE_DIRS "../make_hello_c"
+  SOURCES ../make_hello_c/top.v)

examples/cmake_hello_c/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator CMake example usage
+#
+# This file shows usage of the CMake script.
+# This makefile is here for testing the examples and should
+# generally not be added to a CMake project.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+
+######################################################################
+# Set up variables
+
+# If $VERILATOR_ROOT isn't in the environment, we assume it is part of a
+# package install, and verilator is in your path. Otherwise find the
+# binary relative to $VERILATOR_ROOT (such as when inside the git sources).
+
+ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = verilator_coverage
+else
+export VERILATOR_ROOT
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator_coverage
+endif
+######################################################################
+
+# Check if CMake is installed and of correct version
+ifeq ($(shell which cmake),)
+TARGET := nocmake
+else
+CMAKE_VERSION := $(shell cmake --version | grep -Po '(\d[\.\d]+)')
+CMAKE_MAJOR := $(shell echo $(CMAKE_VERSION) | cut -f1 -d.)
+CMAKE_MINOR := $(shell echo $(CMAKE_VERSION) | cut -f2 -d.)
+CMAKE_GT_3_8 := $(shell [ $(CMAKE_MAJOR) -gt 3 -o \( $(CMAKE_MAJOR) -eq 3 -a $(CMAKE_MINOR) -ge 8 \) ] && echo true)
+ifeq ($(CMAKE_GT_3_8),true)
+TARGET := run
+else
+TARGET := oldcmake
+endif
+endif
+
+default: $(TARGET)
+
+run:
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- Verilator CMake hello world example"
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- CMake ----------------"
+	mkdir -p build && cd build && cmake ..
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COMPILE -----------------"
+	cmake --build build
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- RUN ---------------------"
+	build/example
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- DONE --------------------"
+	@echo
+
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean:
+	@rm -rf build logs
+
+nocmake:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake has not been found"
+	@echo
+
+oldcmake:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake version is too old (need at least 3.8)"
+	@echo

examples/cmake_hello_sc/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+build*

examples/cmake_hello_sc/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator CMake Example: Small CMakeLists.txt with SystemC
+#
+# This is an example cmake script to build a verilog to SystemC project
+# using CMake and Verilator.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+
+# This example builds the tracing_sc example using CMake
+# To use it, run the following:
+
+# cd /path/to/verilator/examples/cmake_sc
+# rm -rf build && mkdir build && cd build
+# cmake ..
+# cmake --build .
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.8)
+project(cmake_hello_sc)
+
+find_package(verilator HINTS $ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT} ${VERILATOR_ROOT})
+if (NOT verilator_FOUND)
+  message(FATAL_ERROR "Verilator was not found. Either install it, or set the VERILATOR_ROOT environment variable")
+endif()
+
+# SystemC dependencies
+set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG ON)
+find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
+
+# Find SystemC using SystemC's CMake integration
+find_package(SystemCLanguage QUIET)
+
+# Create a new executable target that will contain all your sources
+add_executable(example ../make_hello_sc/sc_main.cpp)
+
+# Add the Verilated circuit to the target
+verilate(example SYSTEMC
+  INCLUDE_DIRS "../make_hello_sc"
+  SOURCES ../make_hello_sc/top.v)
+
+verilator_link_systemc(example)

examples/cmake_hello_sc/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator CMake example usage
+#
+# This file shows usage of the CMake script.
+# This makefile is here for testing the examples and should
+# generally not be added to a CMake project.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+
+######################################################################
+# Set up variables
+
+# If $VERILATOR_ROOT isn't in the environment, we assume it is part of a
+# package install, and verilator is in your path. Otherwise find the
+# binary relative to $VERILATOR_ROOT (such as when inside the git sources).
+
+ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = verilator_coverage
+else
+export VERILATOR_ROOT
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator_coverage
+endif
+######################################################################
+
+# Check if CMake is installed and of correct version
+ifeq ($(shell which cmake),)
+	TARGET := nocmake
+else
+CMAKE_VERSION := $(shell cmake --version | grep -Po '(\d[\.\d]+)')
+CMAKE_MAJOR := $(shell echo $(CMAKE_VERSION) | cut -f1 -d.)
+CMAKE_MINOR := $(shell echo $(CMAKE_VERSION) | cut -f2 -d.)
+CMAKE_GT_3_8 := $(shell [ $(CMAKE_MAJOR) -gt 3 -o \( $(CMAKE_MAJOR) -eq 3 -a $(CMAKE_MINOR) -ge 8 \) ] && echo true)
+ifneq ($(CMAKE_GT_3_8),true)
+TARGET := oldcmake
+else
+
+# Test existence of SYSTEMC_INCLUDE and SYSTEMC_LIBDIR environment variabless
+ifneq (,$(SYSTEMC_INCLUDE))
+ifneq (,${SYSTEMC_LIBDIR})
+SYSTEMC_SET := true
+endif
+endif
+
+# Test existence of SYSTEMC_ROOT environment variable
+ifneq (SYSTEMC_SET, true)
+ifneq (,${SYSTEMC_ROOT})
+SYSTEMC_SET := true
+endif
+endif
+
+# Test existence of SYSTEMC environment variable
+ifneq (SYSTEMC_SET, true)
+ifneq (,${SYSTEMC})
+SYSTEMC_SET := true
+endif
+endif
+
+# Test whether SystemC is installed with CMake support
+# This will print a CMake error about processing arguments that can (currently) be ignored.
+ifneq (SYSTEMC_SET, true)
+FINDSC := $(shell mkdir -p build && cd build && cmake --find-package -DNAME=SystemCLanguage -DCMAKE_USE_PTHREADS_INIT=ON -DCOMPILER_ID=GNU -DLANGUAGE=CXX -DMODE=EXIST -DThreads_FOUND=ON)
+ifneq (,$(findstring SystemCLanguage found,$(FINDSC)))
+SYSTEMC_SET := true
+endif
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(SYSTEMC_SET), true)
+TARGET := run
+else
+TARGET := nosc
+endif
+
+endif
+endif
+
+default: $(TARGET)
+
+run:
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- Verilator CMake SystemC hello-world simple example"
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- CMake ----------------"
+	mkdir -p build && cd build && cmake ..
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COMPILE -----------------"
+	cmake --build build
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- RUN ---------------------"
+	@mkdir -p logs
+	build/example
+
+	@echo "-- DONE --------------------"
+	@echo "Note: Once this example is understood, see examples/cmake_tracing_sc."
+	@echo "Note: Also see the EXAMPLE section in the verilator manpage/document."
+
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean:
+	@rm -rf build logs
+
+nocmake:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake has not been found"
+	@echo
+
+oldcmake:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake version is too old (need at least 3.8)"
+	@echo
+
+nosc:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake could not find SystemC."
+	@echo "% Make sure that either:"
+	@echo "% - The environment variables SYSTEMC_INCLUDE and SYSTEMC_LIBDIR are exported."
+	@echo "% - Or, the environment variable SYSTEMC_ROOT is exported."
+	@echo "% - Or, The environment variable SYSTEMC is exported."
+	@echo "% - Or, if the SystemC installation provides CMake support,"
+	@echo "%   that its installation prefix is in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH."
+	@echo "% Also that the C++ standard of the SystemC library is the same as this example."
+	@echo "% Please see the Verilator documentation's CMake section for more information."
+	@echo

examples/cmake_protect_lib/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+build*

examples/cmake_protect_lib/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator CMake Example: Small CMakeLists.txt
+#
+# This is an example cmake script to build a verilog to systemc project
+# using cmake and verilator.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+
+# This example builds the tracing_c example using CMake
+# To use it, run the following:
+
+# cd /path/to/verilator/examples/cmake_c
+# rm -rf build && mkdir build && cd build
+# cmake ..
+# cmake --build .
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.8)
+project(cmake_protect_lib)
+
+find_package(verilator HINTS $ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT} ${VERILATOR_ROOT})
+if (NOT verilator_FOUND)
+  message(FATAL_ERROR "Verilator was not found. Either install it, or set the VERILATOR_ROOT environment variable")
+endif()
+
+# Create the main executable target
+add_executable(example ../make_protect_lib/sim_main.cpp)
+
+# Create a secret library
+add_library(verilated_secret STATIC) # or SHARED for a shared library
+target_link_libraries(example PRIVATE verilated_secret)
+# To create both libraries on CMake >= 3.12 replace the above 2 lines with the following:
+# add_library(verilated_secret OBJECT)
+# set_property(TARGET verilated_secret PROPERTY POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE 1)
+# add_library(verilated_secret_static STATIC  $<TARGET_OBJECTS:verilated_secret>)
+# set_target_properties(verilated_secret_static PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME verilated_secret)
+# add_library(verilated_secret_shared SHARED  $<TARGET_OBJECTS:verilated_secret>)
+# set_target_properties(verilated_secret_shared PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME verilated_secret)
+# target_link_libraries(example PRIVATE verilated_secret_static)
+
+# Setup random seed
+verilator_generate_key(KEY_INIT)
+set(PROTECT_KEY ${KEY_INIT} CACHE STRING "Random seed for protection")
+
+# Add the Verilated modules to the targets
+verilate(verilated_secret
+  VERILATOR_ARGS --protect-lib verilated_secret
+                 --protect-key ${PROTECT_KEY}
+  DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/verilated_secret
+  SOURCES ../make_protect_lib/secret_impl.v)
+
+# Include location of verilated_secret.sv wrapper
+verilate(example
+  VERILATOR_ARGS "-I${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/verilated_secret"
+  SOURCES ../make_protect_lib/top.v)

examples/cmake_protect_lib/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator CMake example usage
+#
+# This file shows usage of the CMake script.
+# This makefile is here for testing the examples and should
+# generally not be added to a CMake project.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+
+######################################################################
+# Set up variables
+
+# If $VERILATOR_ROOT isn't in the environment, we assume it is part of a
+# package install, and verilator is in your path. Otherwise find the
+# binary relative to $VERILATOR_ROOT (such as when inside the git sources).
+
+ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = verilator_coverage
+else
+export VERILATOR_ROOT
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator_coverage
+endif
+######################################################################
+
+# Check if CMake is installed and of correct version
+ifeq ($(shell which cmake),)
+TARGET := nocmake
+else
+CMAKE_VERSION := $(shell cmake --version | grep -Po '(\d[\.\d]+)')
+CMAKE_MAJOR := $(shell echo $(CMAKE_VERSION) | cut -f1 -d.)
+CMAKE_MINOR := $(shell echo $(CMAKE_VERSION) | cut -f2 -d.)
+CMAKE_GT_3_8 := $(shell [ $(CMAKE_MAJOR) -gt 3 -o \( $(CMAKE_MAJOR) -eq 3 -a $(CMAKE_MINOR) -ge 8 \) ] && echo true)
+ifeq ($(CMAKE_GT_3_8),true)
+TARGET := run
+else
+TARGET := oldcmake
+endif
+endif
+
+default: $(TARGET)
+
+run:
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- Verilator CMake protect_lib example"
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- CMake ----------------"
+	mkdir -p build && cd build && cmake ..
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COMPILE -----------------"
+	cmake --build build
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- RUN ---------------------"
+	build/example
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- DONE --------------------"
+	@echo
+
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean:
+	@rm -rf build logs
+
+nocmake:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake has not been found"
+	@echo
+
+oldcmake:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake version is too old (need at least 3.8)"
+	@echo

examples/cmake_tracing_c/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+build*
+logs

examples/cmake_tracing_c/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator CMake Example: Small CMakeLists.txt with tracing
+#
+# This is an example cmake script to build a verilog to systemc project
+# using cmake and verilator.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+
+# This example builds the make_tracing_c example using CMake
+# To use it, run the following:
+
+# cd /path/to/verilator/examples/cmake_tracing_c
+# rm -rf build && mkdir build && cd build
+# cmake ..
+# cmake --build .
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.8)
+project(cmake_tracing_c)
+
+find_package(verilator HINTS $ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT} ${VERILATOR_ROOT})
+if (NOT verilator_FOUND)
+  message(FATAL_ERROR "Verilator was not found. Either install it, or set the VERILATOR_ROOT environment variable")
+endif()
+
+# Create a new executable target that will contain all your sources
+add_executable(example ../make_tracing_c/sim_main.cpp)
+
+# Add the Verilated circuit to the target
+verilate(example COVERAGE TRACE
+  INCLUDE_DIRS "../make_tracing_c"
+  VERILATOR_ARGS -f ../make_tracing_c/input.vc -O2 -x-assign 0
+  SOURCES ../make_tracing_c/top.v)

examples/cmake_tracing_c/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator CMake example usage
+#
+# This file shows usage of the CMake script.
+# This makefile is here for testing the examples and should
+# generally not be added to a CMake project.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+
+######################################################################
+# Set up variables
+
+# If $VERILATOR_ROOT isn't in the environment, we assume it is part of a
+# package install, and verilator is in your path. Otherwise find the
+# binary relative to $VERILATOR_ROOT (such as when inside the git sources).
+
+ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = verilator_coverage
+else
+export VERILATOR_ROOT
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator_coverage
+endif
+######################################################################
+
+# Check if CMake is installed and of correct version
+ifeq ($(shell which cmake),)
+TARGET := nocmake
+else
+CMAKE_VERSION := $(shell cmake --version | grep -Po '(\d[\.\d]+)')
+CMAKE_MAJOR := $(shell echo $(CMAKE_VERSION) | cut -f1 -d.)
+CMAKE_MINOR := $(shell echo $(CMAKE_VERSION) | cut -f2 -d.)
+CMAKE_GT_3_8 := $(shell [ $(CMAKE_MAJOR) -gt 3 -o \( $(CMAKE_MAJOR) -eq 3 -a $(CMAKE_MINOR) -ge 8 \) ] && echo true)
+ifeq ($(CMAKE_GT_3_8),true)
+TARGET := run
+else
+TARGET := oldcmake
+endif
+endif
+
+default: $(TARGET)
+
+run:
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- Verilator CMake tracing example"
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- CMake ----------------"
+	mkdir -p build && cd build && cmake ..
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COMPILE -----------------"
+	cmake --build build
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- RUN ---------------------"
+	@mkdir -p logs
+	build/example +trace
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COVERAGE ----------------"
+	$(VERILATOR_COVERAGE) --annotate logs/annotated logs/coverage.dat
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- DONE --------------------"
+	@echo "To see waveforms, open vlt_dump.vcd in a waveform viewer"
+	@echo
+
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean:
+	@rm -rf build logs
+
+nocmake:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake has not been found"
+	@echo
+
+oldcmake:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake version is too old (need at least 3.8)"
+	@echo

examples/cmake_tracing_sc/.gitignore

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-*.old
 *.dmp
 *.log
 *.csrc
 *.vcd
 obj_*
 logs
-project
+build*

examples/cmake_tracing_sc/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator CMake Example: Small CMakeLists.txt with SystemC tracing
+#
+# This is an example cmake script to build a verilog to SystemC project
+# using CMake and Verilator.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+
+# This example builds the tracing_sc example using CMake
+# To use it, run the following:
+
+# cd /path/to/verilator/examples/cmake_tracing_sc
+# rm -rf build && mkdir build && cd build
+# cmake ..
+# cmake --build .
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.8)
+project(cmake_tracing_sc_example)
+
+find_package(verilator HINTS $ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT} ${VERILATOR_ROOT})
+if (NOT verilator_FOUND)
+  message(FATAL_ERROR "Verilator was not found. Either install it, or set the VERILATOR_ROOT environment variable")
+endif()
+
+# SystemC dependencies
+set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG ON)
+find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
+
+# Find SystemC using SystemC's CMake integration
+find_package(SystemCLanguage QUIET)
+
+# Create a new executable target that will contain all your sources
+add_executable(example ../make_tracing_sc/sc_main.cpp)
+
+# Add the Verilated circuit to the target
+verilate(example SYSTEMC COVERAGE TRACE
+  INCLUDE_DIRS "../make_tracing_sc"
+  VERILATOR_ARGS -f ../make_tracing_sc/input.vc -O2 -x-assign 0
+  SOURCES ../make_tracing_sc/top.v)
+
+verilator_link_systemc(example)

examples/cmake_tracing_sc/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator CMake example usage
+#
+# This file shows usage of the CMake script.
+# This makefile is here for testing the examples and should
+# generally not be added to a CMake project.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+
+######################################################################
+# Set up variables
+
+# If $VERILATOR_ROOT isn't in the environment, we assume it is part of a
+# package install, and verilator is in your path. Otherwise find the
+# binary relative to $VERILATOR_ROOT (such as when inside the git sources).
+
+ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = verilator_coverage
+else
+export VERILATOR_ROOT
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator_coverage
+endif
+######################################################################
+
+# Check if CMake is installed and of correct version
+ifeq ($(shell which cmake),)
+	TARGET := nocmake
+else
+CMAKE_VERSION := $(shell cmake --version | grep -Po '(\d[\.\d]+)')
+CMAKE_MAJOR := $(shell echo $(CMAKE_VERSION) | cut -f1 -d.)
+CMAKE_MINOR := $(shell echo $(CMAKE_VERSION) | cut -f2 -d.)
+CMAKE_GT_3_8 := $(shell [ $(CMAKE_MAJOR) -gt 3 -o \( $(CMAKE_MAJOR) -eq 3 -a $(CMAKE_MINOR) -ge 8 \) ] && echo true)
+ifneq ($(CMAKE_GT_3_8),true)
+TARGET := oldcmake
+else
+
+# Test existence of SYSTEMC_INCLUDE and SYSTEMC_LIBDIR environment variabless
+ifneq (,$(SYSTEMC_INCLUDE))
+ifneq (,${SYSTEMC_LIBDIR})
+SYSTEMC_SET := true
+endif
+endif
+
+# Test existence of SYSTEMC_ROOT environment variable
+ifneq (SYSTEMC_SET, true)
+ifneq (,${SYSTEMC_ROOT})
+SYSTEMC_SET := true
+endif
+endif
+
+# Test existence of SYSTEMC environment variable
+ifneq (SYSTEMC_SET, true)
+ifneq (,${SYSTEMC})
+SYSTEMC_SET := true
+endif
+endif
+
+# Test whether SystemC is installed with CMake support
+# This will print a CMake error about processing arguments that can (currently) be ignored.
+ifneq (SYSTEMC_SET, true)
+FINDSC := $(shell mkdir -p build && cd build && cmake --find-package -DNAME=SystemCLanguage -DCMAKE_USE_PTHREADS_INIT=ON -DCOMPILER_ID=GNU -DLANGUAGE=CXX -DMODE=EXIST -DThreads_FOUND=ON)
+ifneq (,$(findstring SystemCLanguage found,$(FINDSC)))
+SYSTEMC_SET := true
+endif
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(SYSTEMC_SET), true)
+TARGET := run
+else
+TARGET := nosc
+endif
+
+endif
+endif
+
+default: $(TARGET)
+
+run:
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- Verilator CMake SystemC tracing example"
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- CMake ----------------"
+	mkdir -p build && cd build && cmake ..
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COMPILE -----------------"
+	cmake --build build
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- RUN ---------------------"
+	@mkdir -p logs
+	build/example +trace
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COVERAGE ----------------"
+	$(VERILATOR_COVERAGE) --annotate logs/annotated logs/coverage.dat
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- DONE --------------------"
+	@echo "To see waveforms, open vlt_dump.vcd in a waveform viewer"
+	@echo
+
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean:
+	@rm -rf build logs
+
+nocmake:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake has not been found"
+	@echo
+
+oldcmake:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake version is too old (need at least 3.8)"
+	@echo
+
+nosc:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: CMake could not find SystemC."
+	@echo "% Make sure that either:"
+	@echo "% - The environment variables SYSTEMC_INCLUDE and SYSTEMC_LIBDIR are exported."
+	@echo "% - Or, the environment variable SYSTEMC_ROOT is exported."
+	@echo "% - Or, The environment variable SYSTEMC is exported."
+	@echo "% - Or, if the SystemC installation provides CMake support,"
+	@echo "%   that its installation prefix is in CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH."
+	@echo "% Also that the C++ standard of the SystemC library is the same as this example."
+	@echo "% Please see the Verilator documentation's CMake section for more information."
+	@echo

examples/make_hello_c/.gitignore

@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
 *.csrc
 *.vcd
 obj_*
-project
+logs

examples/make_hello_c/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator Example: Small Makefile
+#
+# This calls the object directory makefile.  That allows the objects to
+# be placed in the "current directory" which simplifies the Makefile.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+# Check for sanity to avoid later confusion
+
+ifneq ($(words $(CURDIR)),1)
+ $(error Unsupported: GNU Make cannot build in directories containing spaces, build elsewhere: '$(CURDIR)')
+endif
+
+######################################################################
+
+# This is intended to be a minimal example.  Before copying this to start a
+# real project, it is better to start with a more complete example,
+# e.g. examples/make_tracing_c.
+
+# If $VERILATOR_ROOT isn't in the environment, we assume it is part of a
+# package install, and verilator is in your path. Otherwise find the
+# binary relative to $VERILATOR_ROOT (such as when inside the git sources).
+ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)
+VERILATOR = verilator
+else
+export VERILATOR_ROOT
+VERILATOR = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator
+endif
+
+default:
+	@echo "-- Verilator hello-world simple example"
+	@echo "-- VERILATE ----------------"
+	$(VERILATOR) -cc --exe top.v sim_main.cpp
+	@echo "-- COMPILE -----------------"
+	$(MAKE) -j 4 -C obj_dir -f Vtop.mk
+	@echo "-- RUN ---------------------"
+	obj_dir/Vtop
+	@echo "-- DONE --------------------"
+	@echo "Note: Once this example is understood, see examples/make_tracing_c."
+	@echo "Note: Also see the EXAMPLE section in the verilator manpage/document."
+
+######################################################################
+
+maintainer-copy::
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean::
+	-rm -rf obj_dir *.log *.dmp *.vpd core

examples/make_hello_c/sim_main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog example module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2017 by Wilson Snyder.
+//======================================================================
+
+// Include common routines
+#include <verilated.h>
+
+// Include model header, generated from Verilating "top.v"
+#include "Vtop.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv, char** env) {
+    // See a similar example walkthrough in the verilator manpage.
+
+    // This is intended to be a minimal example.  Before copying this to start a
+    // real project, it is better to start with a more complete example,
+    // e.g. examples/c_tracing.
+
+    // Prevent unused variable warnings
+    if (0 && argc && argv && env) {}
+
+    // Construct the Verilated model, from Vtop.h generated from Verilating "top.v"
+    Vtop* top = new Vtop;
+
+    // Simulate until $finish
+    while (!Verilated::gotFinish()) {
+
+        // Evaluate model
+        top->eval();
+    }
+
+    // Final model cleanup
+    top->final();
+
+    // Destroy model
+    delete top;
+
+    // Fin
+    exit(0);
+}

examples/make_hello_c/top.v

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog example module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2017 by Wilson Snyder.
+
+// See also the EXAMPLE section in the verilator manpage/document.
+module top;
+   initial begin
+      $display("Hello World!");
+      $finish;
+   end
+endmodule

examples/make_hello_sc/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+*.dmp
+*.log
+*.csrc
+*.vcd
+obj_*
+logs

examples/make_hello_sc/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator Example: Small Makefile
+#
+# This calls the object directory makefile.  That allows the objects to
+# be placed in the "current directory" which simplifies the Makefile.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+# Check for sanity to avoid later confusion
+
+ifneq ($(words $(CURDIR)),1)
+ $(error Unsupported: GNU Make cannot build in directories containing spaces, build elsewhere: '$(CURDIR)')
+endif
+
+######################################################################
+
+# This is intended to be a minimal example.  Before copying this to start a
+# real project, it is better to start with a more complete example,
+# e.g. examples/make_tracing_sc.
+
+# If $VERILATOR_ROOT isn't in the environment, we assume it is part of a
+# package install, and verilator is in your path. Otherwise find the
+# binary relative to $VERILATOR_ROOT (such as when inside the git sources).
+ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)
+VERILATOR = verilator
+else
+export VERILATOR_ROOT
+VERILATOR = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator
+endif
+
+# Check if SC exists via a verilator call (empty if not)
+SYSTEMC_EXISTS := $(shell $(VERILATOR) --getenv SYSTEMC_INCLUDE)
+
+ifneq ($(SYSTEMC_EXISTS),)
+default: run
+else
+default: nosc
+endif
+
+run:
+	@echo "-- Verilator hello-world simple example"
+	@echo "-- VERILATE ----------------"
+	$(VERILATOR) -sc --exe top.v sc_main.cpp
+	@echo "-- COMPILE -----------------"
+	$(MAKE) -j 4 -C obj_dir -f Vtop.mk
+	@echo "-- RUN ---------------------"
+	obj_dir/Vtop
+	@echo "-- DONE --------------------"
+	@echo "Note: Once this example is understood, see examples/make_tracing_sc."
+	@echo "Note: Also see the EXAMPLE section in the verilator manpage/document."
+
+######################################################################
+
+nosc:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: SYSTEMC_INCLUDE not in environment"
+	@echo "(If you have SystemC see the README, and rebuild Verilator)"
+	@echo
+
+maintainer-copy::
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean::
+	-rm -rf obj_dir *.log *.dmp *.vpd core

examples/make_hello_sc/sc_main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// -*- SystemC -*-
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator Example: Top level main for invoking SystemC model
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2017 by Wilson Snyder.
+//======================================================================
+
+// SystemC global header
+#include <systemc.h>
+
+// Include common routines
+#include <verilated.h>
+
+// Include model header, generated from Verilating "top.v"
+#include "Vtop.h"
+
+int sc_main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+    // See a similar example walkthrough in the verilator manpage.
+
+    // This is intended to be a minimal example.  Before copying this to start a
+    // real project, it is better to start with a more complete example,
+    // e.g. examples/c_tracing.
+
+    // Prevent unused variable warnings
+    if (0 && argc && argv) {}
+
+    // Construct the Verilated model, from Vtop.h generated from Verilating "top.v"
+    Vtop* top = new Vtop("top");
+
+    // Initialize SC model
+#if (SYSTEMC_VERSION>=20070314)
+    sc_start(1,SC_NS);
+#else
+    sc_start(1);
+#endif
+
+    // Simulate until $finish
+    while (!Verilated::gotFinish()) {
+#if (SYSTEMC_VERSION>=20070314)
+        sc_start(1,SC_NS);
+#else
+        sc_start(1);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    // Final model cleanup
+    top->final();
+
+    // Fin
+    return 0;
+}

examples/make_hello_sc/top.v

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog example module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2017 by Wilson Snyder.
+
+// See also the EXAMPLE section in the verilator manpage/document.
+module top;
+   initial begin
+      $display("Hello World!");
+      $finish;
+   end
+endmodule

examples/make_protect_lib/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+obj_*
+logs

examples/make_protect_lib/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator Example: --protect-lib Makefile
+#
+# This calls the object directory makefiles.  That allows the objects to
+# be placed in the "current directory" which simplifies the Makefile.
+#
+# Copyright 2019 by Todd Strader. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+# Check for sanity to avoid later confusion
+
+ifneq ($(words $(CURDIR)),1)
+ $(error Unsupported: GNU Make cannot build in directories containing spaces, build elsewhere: '$(CURDIR)')
+endif
+
+######################################################################
+# Set up variables
+
+# If $VERILATOR_ROOT isn't in the environment, we assume it is part of a
+# package install, and verilator is in your path. Otherwise find the
+# binary relative to $VERILATOR_ROOT (such as when inside the git sources).
+ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)
+VERILATOR = verilator
+else
+export VERILATOR_ROOT
+VERILATOR = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator
+endif
+
+VERILATOR_FLAGS =
+# Generate C++
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += -cc
+# Optimize
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += -O2 -x-assign 0
+# Warn abount lint issues; may not want this on less solid designs
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += -Wall
+# Make waveforms
+TOP_VERILATOR_FLAGS = $(VERILATOR_FLAGS) --trace
+
+######################################################################
+default: run
+
+run:
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- Verilator --protect-lib example -_--------------------------"
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- VERILATE secret module -------------------------------------"
+	@echo " --protect-lib will produce both a static and shared library"
+	@echo " In this example the static library is used, but some"
+	@echo " simulators may require the shared library."
+	@echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
+	$(VERILATOR) $(VERILATOR_FLAGS) --protect-lib verilated_secret -Mdir obj_dir_secret/ secret_impl.v
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COMPILE protected library ----------------------------------"
+	@echo " This builds verilated_secret.sv, libverilated_secret.a and"
+	@echo " libverilated_secret.so which can be distributed apart from"
+	@echo " the source"
+	@echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
+	$(MAKE) -j 4 -C obj_dir_secret -f Vsecret_impl.mk
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- VERILATE top module ----------------------------------------"
+	@echo " Use the SystemVerilog wrapper (verilated_secret.sv) and the"
+	@echo " library (libverilated_secret.a) generated from the previous"
+	@echo " step"
+	@echo "---------------------------------------------------------------"
+	$(VERILATOR) $(TOP_VERILATOR_FLAGS) --exe -LDFLAGS '-L../obj_dir_secret -lverilated_secret -static' top.v obj_dir_secret/verilated_secret.sv sim_main.cpp
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COMPILE entire design --------------------------------------"
+	$(MAKE) -j 4 -C obj_dir -f Vtop.mk
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- RUN --------------------------------------------------------"
+	@mkdir -p logs
+	obj_dir/Vtop +trace
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- DONE -------------------------------------------------------"
+	@echo "To see waveforms, open logs/vlt_dump.vcd in a waveform viewer"
+	@echo
+
+
+######################################################################
+# Other targets
+
+show-config:
+	$(VERILATOR) -V
+
+maintainer-copy::
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean::
+	-rm -rf obj_dir* logs *.log core

examples/make_protect_lib/secret_impl.v

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: --protect-lib example secret module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2019 by Todd Strader.
+
+// This module will be used as libsecret.a or libsecret.so without
+// exposing the source.
+module secret_impl(
+		   input [31:0]        a,
+		   input [31:0]        b,
+		   output logic [31:0] x,
+		   input 	       clk);
+
+   logic [31:0] 		       accum_q = 0;
+   logic [31:0] 		       secret_value = 9;
+
+   initial $display("%m: initialized");
+
+   always @(posedge clk) begin
+      accum_q <= accum_q + a;
+      if (accum_q > 10)
+        x <= b;
+      else
+        x <= a + b + secret_value;
+   end
+
+endmodule

examples/make_protect_lib/sim_main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: --protect-lib example module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2019 by Todd Strader.
+//======================================================================
+
+// See examples/tracing_c for notes on tracing
+
+// Include common routines
+#include <verilated.h>
+
+#include "Vtop.h"
+
+#if VM_TRACE
+# include <verilated_vcd_c.h>
+#endif
+
+vluint64_t main_time = 0;
+double sc_time_stamp() {
+    return main_time;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv, char** env) {
+    if (0 && argc && argv && env) {}
+
+    Verilated::debug(0);
+    Verilated::randReset(2);
+    Verilated::commandArgs(argc, argv);
+
+    // Construct the Verilated model, including the secret module
+    Vtop* top = new Vtop;
+
+#if VM_TRACE
+    // When tracing, the contents of the secret module will not be seen
+    VerilatedVcdC* tfp = NULL;
+    const char* flag = Verilated::commandArgsPlusMatch("trace");
+    if (flag && 0==strcmp(flag, "+trace")) {
+        Verilated::traceEverOn(true);
+        VL_PRINTF("Enabling waves into logs/vlt_dump.vcd...\n");
+        tfp = new VerilatedVcdC;
+        top->trace(tfp, 99);
+        Verilated::mkdir("logs");
+        tfp->open("logs/vlt_dump.vcd");
+    }
+#endif
+
+    top->clk = 0;
+
+    // Simulate until $finish
+    while (!Verilated::gotFinish()) {
+        main_time++;
+        top->clk = ~top->clk & 0x1;
+        top->eval();
+#if VM_TRACE
+        if (tfp) tfp->dump(main_time);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    // Final model cleanup
+    top->final();
+
+    // Close trace if opened
+#if VM_TRACE
+    if (tfp) { tfp->close(); tfp = NULL; }
+#endif
+
+    // Destroy model
+    delete top; top = NULL;
+
+    // Fin
+    exit(0);
+}

examples/make_protect_lib/top.v

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: --protect-lib example module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2019 by Todd Strader.
+
+// See also the EXAMPLE section in the verilator manpage/document.
+module top (input clk);
+
+   integer cyc = 0;
+   logic [31:0] a = 0;
+   logic [31:0] b = 0;
+   logic [31:0] x;
+
+   verilated_secret secret (.a, .b, .x, .clk);
+
+   always @(posedge clk) begin
+      $display("[%0t] cyc=%0d a=%0d b=%0d x=%0d", $time, cyc, a, b, x);
+      cyc <= cyc + 1;
+      if (cyc == 0) begin
+         a <= 5;
+         b <= 7;
+      end else if (cyc == 1) begin
+         a <= 6;
+         b <= 2;
+      end else if (cyc == 2) begin
+         a <= 1;
+         b <= 9;
+      end else if (cyc > 3) begin
+         $display("Done");
+         $finish;
+      end
+   end
+
+endmodule

examples/make_tracing_c/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+*.dmp
+*.log
+*.csrc
+*.vcd
+obj_*
+logs

examples/make_tracing_c/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator Example: Small Makefile
+#
+# This calls the object directory makefile.  That allows the objects to
+# be placed in the "current directory" which simplifies the Makefile.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+# Check for sanity to avoid later confusion
+
+ifneq ($(words $(CURDIR)),1)
+ $(error Unsupported: GNU Make cannot build in directories containing spaces, build elsewhere: '$(CURDIR)')
+endif
+
+######################################################################
+# Set up variables
+
+# If $VERILATOR_ROOT isn't in the environment, we assume it is part of a
+# package install, and verilator is in your path. Otherwise find the
+# binary relative to $VERILATOR_ROOT (such as when inside the git sources).
+ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)
+VERILATOR = verilator
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = verilator_coverage
+else
+export VERILATOR_ROOT
+VERILATOR = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator_coverage
+endif
+
+VERILATOR_FLAGS =
+# Generate C++ in executable form
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += -cc --exe
+# Generate makefile dependencies (not shown as complicates the Makefile)
+#VERILATOR_FLAGS += -MMD
+# Optimize
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += -O2 -x-assign 0
+# Warn abount lint issues; may not want this on less solid designs
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += -Wall
+# Make waveforms
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += --trace
+# Check SystemVerilog assertions
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += --assert
+# Generate coverage analysis
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += --coverage
+# Run Verilator in debug mode
+#VERILATOR_FLAGS += --debug
+# Add this trace to get a backtrace in gdb
+#VERILATOR_FLAGS += --gdbbt
+
+######################################################################
+default: run
+
+run:
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- Verilator tracing example"
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- VERILATE ----------------"
+	$(VERILATOR) $(VERILATOR_FLAGS) -f input.vc top.v sim_main.cpp
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COMPILE -----------------"
+# To compile, we can either just do what Verilator asks,
+# or call a submakefile where we can override the rules ourselves
+#	$(MAKE) -j 4 -C obj_dir -f Vtop.mk
+	$(MAKE) -j 4 -C obj_dir -f ../Makefile_obj
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- RUN ---------------------"
+	@mkdir -p logs
+	obj_dir/Vtop +trace
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COVERAGE ----------------"
+	$(VERILATOR_COVERAGE) --annotate logs/annotated logs/coverage.dat
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- DONE --------------------"
+	@echo "To see waveforms, open vlt_dump.vcd in a waveform viewer"
+	@echo
+
+
+######################################################################
+# Other targets
+
+show-config:
+	$(VERILATOR) -V
+
+maintainer-copy::
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean::
+	-rm -rf obj_dir logs *.log *.dmp *.vpd coverage.dat core

examples/make_tracing_c/Makefile_obj

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# -*- Makefile -*-
+#######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator Example: Makefile for inside object directory
+#
+# This is executed in the object directory, and called by ../Makefile
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+#######################################################################
+
+default: Vtop
+
+# Include the rules made by Verilator
+include Vtop.mk
+
+# Use OBJCACHE (ccache) if using gmake and its installed
+COMPILE.cc = $(OBJCACHE) $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(TARGET_ARCH) -c
+
+#######################################################################
+# Compile flags
+
+# Override some default compile flags
+CPPFLAGS += -MMD -MP
+CPPFLAGS += -DVL_DEBUG=1
+# Turn on some more flags (when configured appropriately)
+# For testing inside Verilator, "configure --enable-ccwarn" will do this
+# automatically; otherwise you may want this unconditionally enabled
+ifeq ($(CFG_WITH_CCWARN),yes)	# Local... Else don't burden users
+USER_CPPFLAGS_WALL += -W -Werror -Wall
+endif
+
+# See the benchmarking section of bin/verilator.
+# Support class optimizations.  This includes the tracing and symbol table.
+# SystemC takes minutes to optimize, thus it is off by default.
+OPT_SLOW =
+# Fast path optimizations.  Most time is spent in these classes.
+OPT_FAST = -O2 -fstrict-aliasing
+#OPT_FAST = -O
+#OPT_FAST =
+
+#######################################################################
+# Linking final exe -- presumes have a sim_main.cpp
+
+# Special compile rule
+sim_main.o: sim_main.cpp $(VM_PREFIX).h
+
+######################################################################
+######################################################################
+# Automatically understand dependencies
+
+DEPS := $(wildcard *.d)
+ifneq ($(DEPS),)
+include $(DEPS)
+endif

examples/make_tracing_c/input.vc

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// This file typically lists flags required by a large project, e.g. include directories
++librescan +libext+.v+.sv+.vh+.svh -y .

examples/make_tracing_c/sim_main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog example module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2017 by Wilson Snyder.
+//======================================================================
+
+// Include common routines
+#include <verilated.h>
+
+// Include model header, generated from Verilating "top.v"
+#include "Vtop.h"
+
+// If "verilator --trace" is used, include the tracing class
+#if VM_TRACE
+# include <verilated_vcd_c.h>
+#endif
+
+// Current simulation time (64-bit unsigned)
+vluint64_t main_time = 0;
+// Called by $time in Verilog
+double sc_time_stamp() {
+    return main_time;  // Note does conversion to real, to match SystemC
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv, char** env) {
+    // This is a more complicated example, please also see the simpler examples/make_hello_c.
+
+    // Prevent unused variable warnings
+    if (0 && argc && argv && env) {}
+
+    // Set debug level, 0 is off, 9 is highest presently used
+    // May be overridden by commandArgs
+    Verilated::debug(0);
+
+    // Randomization reset policy
+    // May be overridden by commandArgs
+    Verilated::randReset(2);
+
+    // Pass arguments so Verilated code can see them, e.g. $value$plusargs
+    // This needs to be called before you create any model
+    Verilated::commandArgs(argc, argv);
+
+    // Construct the Verilated model, from Vtop.h generated from Verilating "top.v"
+    Vtop* top = new Vtop;  // Or use a const unique_ptr, or the VL_UNIQUE_PTR wrapper
+
+#if VM_TRACE
+    // If verilator was invoked with --trace argument,
+    // and if at run time passed the +trace argument, turn on tracing
+    VerilatedVcdC* tfp = NULL;
+    const char* flag = Verilated::commandArgsPlusMatch("trace");
+    if (flag && 0==strcmp(flag, "+trace")) {
+        Verilated::traceEverOn(true);  // Verilator must compute traced signals
+        VL_PRINTF("Enabling waves into logs/vlt_dump.vcd...\n");
+        tfp = new VerilatedVcdC;
+        top->trace(tfp, 99);  // Trace 99 levels of hierarchy
+        Verilated::mkdir("logs");
+        tfp->open("logs/vlt_dump.vcd");  // Open the dump file
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // Set some inputs
+    top->reset_l = !0;
+    top->fastclk = 0;
+    top->clk = 0;
+    top->in_small = 1;
+    top->in_quad = 0x1234;
+    top->in_wide[0] = 0x11111111;
+    top->in_wide[1] = 0x22222222;
+    top->in_wide[2] = 0x3;
+
+    // Simulate until $finish
+    while (!Verilated::gotFinish()) {
+        main_time++;  // Time passes...
+
+        // Toggle clocks and such
+        top->fastclk = !top->fastclk;
+        if ((main_time % 10) == 3) {
+            top->clk = 1;
+        }
+        if ((main_time % 10) == 8) {
+            top->clk = 0;
+        }
+        if (main_time > 1 && main_time < 10) {
+            top->reset_l = !1;  // Assert reset
+        } else {
+            top->reset_l = !0;  // Deassert reset
+        }
+
+        // Assign some other inputs
+        top->in_quad += 0x12;
+
+        // Evaluate model
+        top->eval();
+
+#if VM_TRACE
+        // Dump trace data for this cycle
+        if (tfp) tfp->dump(main_time);
+#endif
+
+        // Read outputs
+        VL_PRINTF("[%" VL_PRI64 "d] clk=%x rstl=%x iquad=%" VL_PRI64 "x"
+                  " -> oquad=%" VL_PRI64"x owide=%x_%08x_%08x\n",
+                  main_time, top->clk, top->reset_l, top->in_quad,
+                  top->out_quad, top->out_wide[2], top->out_wide[1], top->out_wide[0]);
+    }
+
+    // Final model cleanup
+    top->final();
+
+    // Close trace if opened
+#if VM_TRACE
+    if (tfp) { tfp->close(); tfp = NULL; }
+#endif
+
+    //  Coverage analysis (since test passed)
+#if VM_COVERAGE
+    Verilated::mkdir("logs");
+    VerilatedCov::write("logs/coverage.dat");
+#endif
+
+    // Destroy model
+    delete top; top = NULL;
+
+    // Fin
+    exit(0);
+}

examples/make_tracing_c/sub.v

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2003 by Wilson Snyder.
+// ======================================================================
+
+module sub
+  (
+   input clk,
+   input fastclk,
+   input reset_l
+   );
+
+   // Example counter/flop
+   reg [31:0] count_f;
+   always_ff @ (posedge fastclk) begin
+      if (!reset_l) begin
+         /*AUTORESET*/
+         // Beginning of autoreset for uninitialized flops
+         count_f <= 32'h0;
+         // End of automatics
+      end
+      else begin
+         count_f <= count_f + 1;
+      end
+   end
+
+   // Another example flop
+   reg [31:0] count_c;
+   always_ff @ (posedge clk) begin
+      if (!reset_l) begin
+         /*AUTORESET*/
+         // Beginning of autoreset for uninitialized flops
+         count_c <= 32'h0;
+         // End of automatics
+      end
+      else begin
+         count_c <= count_c + 1;
+         if (count_c >= 3) begin
+            $display("[%0t] fastclk is %0d times faster than clk\n",
+                     $time, count_f/count_c);
+            // This write is a magic value the Makefile uses to make sure the
+            // test completes successfully.
+            $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+            $finish;
+         end
+      end
+   end
+
+   // An example assertion
+   always_ff @ (posedge clk) begin
+      AssertionExample: assert (!reset_l || count_c<100);
+   end
+
+   // And example coverage analysis
+   cover property (@(posedge clk) count_c==3);
+
+endmodule

examples/make_tracing_c/top.v

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog example module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2003 by Wilson Snyder.
+// ======================================================================
+
+// This is intended to be a complex example of several features, please also
+// see the simpler examples/make_hello_c.
+
+module top
+  (
+   // Declare some signals so we can see how I/O works
+   input         clk,
+   input         fastclk,
+   input         reset_l,
+
+   output wire [1:0]  out_small,
+   output wire [39:0] out_quad,
+   output wire [69:0] out_wide,
+   input [1:0]   in_small,
+   input [39:0]  in_quad,
+   input [69:0]  in_wide
+   );
+
+   // Connect up the outputs, using some trivial logic
+   assign out_small = ~reset_l ? '0 : (in_small + 2'b1);
+   assign out_quad  = ~reset_l ? '0 : (in_quad + 40'b1);
+   assign out_wide  = ~reset_l ? '0 : (in_wide + 70'b1);
+
+   // And an example sub module. The submodule will print stuff.
+   sub sub (/*AUTOINST*/
+            // Inputs
+            .clk                        (clk),
+            .fastclk                    (fastclk),
+            .reset_l                    (reset_l));
+
+   // Print some stuff as an example
+   initial begin
+      $display("[%0t] Model running...\n", $time);
+   end
+
+endmodule

examples/make_tracing_sc/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+*.dmp
+*.log
+*.csrc
+*.vcd
+obj_*
+logs

examples/make_tracing_sc/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator Example: Small Makefile
+#
+# This calls the object directory makefile.  That allows the objects to
+# be placed in the "current directory" which simplifies the Makefile.
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+# Check for sanity to avoid later confusion
+
+ifneq ($(words $(CURDIR)),1)
+ $(error Unsupported: GNU Make cannot build in directories containing spaces, build elsewhere: '$(CURDIR)')
+endif
+
+######################################################################
+# Set up variables
+
+# If $VERILATOR_ROOT isn't in the environment, we assume it is part of a
+# package install, and verilator is in your path. Otherwise find the
+# binary relative to $VERILATOR_ROOT (such as when inside the git sources).
+ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)
+VERILATOR = verilator
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = verilator_coverage
+else
+export VERILATOR_ROOT
+VERILATOR = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator
+VERILATOR_COVERAGE = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator_coverage
+endif
+
+VERILATOR_FLAGS =
+# Generate SystemC in executable form
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += -sc --exe
+# Generate makefile dependencies (not shown as complicates the Makefile)
+#VERILATOR_FLAGS += -MMD
+# Optimize
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += -O2 -x-assign 0
+# Warn abount lint issues; may not want this on less solid designs
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += -Wall
+# Make waveforms
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += --trace
+# Check SystemVerilog assertions
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += --assert
+# Generate coverage analysis
+VERILATOR_FLAGS += --coverage
+# Run Verilator in debug mode
+#VERILATOR_FLAGS += --debug
+# Add this trace to get a backtrace in gdb
+#VERILATOR_FLAGS += --gdbbt
+
+# Check if SC exists via a verilator call (empty if not)
+SYSTEMC_EXISTS := $(shell $(VERILATOR) --getenv SYSTEMC_INCLUDE)
+
+######################################################################
+
+ifneq ($(SYSTEMC_EXISTS),)
+default: run
+else
+default: nosc
+endif
+
+run:
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- Verilator tracing example"
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- VERILATE ----------------"
+	$(VERILATOR) $(VERILATOR_FLAGS) -f input.vc top.v sc_main.cpp
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COMPILE ----------------="
+# To compile, we can either just do what Verilator asks,
+# or call a submakefile where we can override the rules ourselves
+#	$(MAKE) -j 4 -C obj_dir -f Vtop.mk
+	$(MAKE) -j 4 -C obj_dir -f ../Makefile_obj
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- RUN ---------------------"
+	@mkdir -p logs
+	obj_dir/Vtop +trace
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- COVERAGE ----------------"
+	$(VERILATOR_COVERAGE) --annotate logs/annotated logs/coverage.dat
+
+	@echo
+	@echo "-- DONE --------------------"
+	@echo "To see waveforms, open vlt_dump.vcd in a waveform viewer"
+	@echo
+
+######################################################################
+# Other targets
+
+nosc:
+	@echo
+	@echo "%Skip: SYSTEMC_INCLUDE not in environment"
+	@echo "(If you have SystemC see the README, and rebuild Verilator)"
+	@echo
+
+show-config:
+	$(VERILATOR) -V
+
+maintainer-copy::
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean::
+	-rm -rf obj_dir logs *.log *.dmp *.vpd coverage.dat core

examples/make_tracing_sc/Makefile_obj

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# -*- Makefile -*-
+#######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator Example: Makefile for inside object directory
+#
+# This is executed in the object directory, and called by ../Makefile
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+#######################################################################
+
+default: Vtop
+
+# Include the rules made by Verilator
+include Vtop.mk
+
+# Use OBJCACHE (ccache) if using gmake and its installed
+COMPILE.cc = $(OBJCACHE) $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(TARGET_ARCH) -c
+
+#######################################################################
+# Compile flags
+
+# Override some default compile flags
+CPPFLAGS += -MMD -MP
+CPPFLAGS += -DVL_DEBUG=1
+# SystemC isn't too clean
+CPPFLAGS += -Wno-deprecated
+# Turn on some more flags (when configured appropriately)
+# For testing inside Verilator, "configure --enable-ccwarn" will do this
+# automatically; otherwise you may want this unconditionally enabled
+ifeq ($(CFG_WITH_CCWARN),yes)	# Local... Else don't burden users
+USER_CPPFLAGS_WALL += -W -Werror -Wall
+endif
+
+# If you build your own rules from scratch, note you need to include
+# SystemC as follows (Vtop.mk file includes verilated.mk with these
+# already).
+# CPPFLAGS += $(SYSTEMC_CXX_FLAGS) -I$(SYSTEMC_INCLUDE)
+# LDFLAGS  += $(SYSTEMC_CXX_FLAGS) -L$(SYSTEMC_LIBDIR)
+
+# See the benchmarking section of bin/verilator.
+# Support class optimizations.  This includes the tracing and symbol table.
+# SystemC takes minutes to optimize, thus it is off by default.
+OPT_SLOW =
+# Fast path optimizations.  Most time is spent in these classes.
+OPT_FAST = -O2 -fstrict-aliasing
+#OPT_FAST = -O
+#OPT_FAST =
+
+#######################################################################
+# Linking final exe -- presumes have a sim_main.cpp
+
+# Special compile rule
+sim_main.o: sim_main.cpp $(VM_PREFIX).h
+
+######################################################################
+######################################################################
+# Automatically understand dependencies
+
+DEPS := $(wildcard *.d)
+ifneq ($(DEPS),)
+include $(DEPS)
+endif

examples/make_tracing_sc/input.vc

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// This file typically lists flags required by a large project, e.g. include directories
++librescan +libext+.v+.sv+.vh+.svh -y .

examples/make_tracing_sc/sc_main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+// -*- SystemC -*-
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator Example: Top level main for invoking SystemC model
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2017 by Wilson Snyder.
+//======================================================================
+
+// SystemC global header
+#include <systemc.h>
+
+// Include common routines
+#include <verilated.h>
+#if VM_TRACE
+#include <verilated_vcd_sc.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <sys/stat.h>  // mkdir
+
+// Include model header, generated from Verilating "top.v"
+#include "Vtop.h"
+
+int sc_main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+    // This is a more complicated example, please also see the simpler examples/make_hello_c.
+
+    // Prevent unused variable warnings
+    if (0 && argc && argv) {}
+
+    // Set debug level, 0 is off, 9 is highest presently used
+    // May be overridden by commandArgs
+    Verilated::debug(0);
+
+    // Randomization reset policy
+    // May be overridden by commandArgs
+    Verilated::randReset(2);
+
+    // Pass arguments so Verilated code can see them, e.g. $value$plusargs
+    // This needs to be called before you create any model
+    Verilated::commandArgs(argc, argv);
+
+    // General logfile
+    ios::sync_with_stdio();
+
+    // Defaults time
+#if (SYSTEMC_VERSION>20011000)
+#else
+    sc_time dut(1.0, sc_ns);
+    sc_set_default_time_unit(dut);
+#endif
+
+    // Define clocks
+#if (SYSTEMC_VERSION>=20070314)
+    sc_clock clk     ("clk",    10,SC_NS, 0.5, 3,SC_NS, true);
+    sc_clock fastclk ("fastclk", 2,SC_NS, 0.5, 2,SC_NS, true);
+#else
+    sc_clock clk     ("clk",    10, 0.5, 3, true);
+    sc_clock fastclk ("fastclk", 2, 0.5, 2, true);
+#endif
+
+    // Define interconnect
+    sc_signal<bool> reset_l;
+    sc_signal<vluint32_t> in_small;
+    sc_signal<vluint64_t> in_quad;
+    sc_signal<sc_bv<70> > in_wide;
+    sc_signal<vluint32_t> out_small;
+    sc_signal<vluint64_t> out_quad;
+    sc_signal<sc_bv<70> > out_wide;
+
+    // Construct the Verilated model, from inside Vtop.h
+    Vtop* top = new Vtop("top");
+    // Attach signals to the model
+    top->clk       (clk);
+    top->fastclk   (fastclk);
+    top->reset_l   (reset_l);
+    top->in_small  (in_small);
+    top->in_quad   (in_quad);
+    top->in_wide   (in_wide);
+    top->out_small (out_small);
+    top->out_quad  (out_quad);
+    top->out_wide  (out_wide);
+
+#if VM_TRACE
+    // Before any evaluation, need to know to calculate those signals only used for tracing
+    Verilated::traceEverOn(true);
+#endif
+
+    // You must do one evaluation before enabling waves, in order to allow
+    // SystemC to interconnect everything for testing.
+#if (SYSTEMC_VERSION>=20070314)
+    sc_start(1,SC_NS);
+#else
+    sc_start(1);
+#endif
+
+#if VM_TRACE
+    // If verilator was invoked with --trace argument,
+    // and if at run time passed the +trace argument, turn on tracing
+    VerilatedVcdSc* tfp = NULL;
+    const char* flag = Verilated::commandArgsPlusMatch("trace");
+    if (flag && 0==strcmp(flag, "+trace")) {
+        cout << "Enabling waves into logs/vlt_dump.vcd...\n";
+        tfp = new VerilatedVcdSc;
+        top->trace(tfp, 99);  // Trace 99 levels of hierarchy
+        Verilated::mkdir("logs");
+        tfp->open("logs/vlt_dump.vcd");
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // Simulate until $finish
+    while (!Verilated::gotFinish()) {
+#if VM_TRACE
+        // Flush the wave files each cycle so we can immediately see the output
+        // Don't do this in "real" programs, do it in an abort() handler instead
+        if (tfp) tfp->flush();
+#endif
+
+        // Apply inputs
+        if (VL_TIME_Q() > 1 && VL_TIME_Q() < 10) {
+            reset_l = !1;  // Assert reset
+        } else if (VL_TIME_Q() > 1) {
+            reset_l = !0;  // Deassert reset
+        }
+
+        // Simulate 1ns
+#if (SYSTEMC_VERSION>=20070314)
+        sc_start(1,SC_NS);
+#else
+        sc_start(1);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    // Final model cleanup
+    top->final();
+
+    // Close trace if opened
+#if VM_TRACE
+    if (tfp) { tfp->close(); tfp = NULL; }
+#endif
+
+    //  Coverage analysis (since test passed)
+#if VM_COVERAGE
+    Verilated::mkdir("logs");
+    VerilatedCov::write("logs/coverage.dat");
+#endif
+
+    // Destroy model
+    delete top; top = NULL;
+
+    // Fin
+    return 0;
+}

examples/make_tracing_sc/sub.v

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2003 by Wilson Snyder.
+// ======================================================================
+
+module sub
+  (
+   input clk,
+   input fastclk,
+   input reset_l
+   );
+
+   // Example counter/flop
+   reg [31:0] count_f;
+   always_ff @ (posedge fastclk) begin
+      if (!reset_l) begin
+         /*AUTORESET*/
+         // Beginning of autoreset for uninitialized flops
+         count_f <= 32'h0;
+         // End of automatics
+      end
+      else begin
+         count_f <= count_f + 1;
+      end
+   end
+
+   // Another example flop
+   reg [31:0] count_c;
+   always_ff @ (posedge clk) begin
+      if (!reset_l) begin
+         /*AUTORESET*/
+         // Beginning of autoreset for uninitialized flops
+         count_c <= 32'h0;
+         // End of automatics
+      end
+      else begin
+         count_c <= count_c + 1;
+         if (count_c >= 3) begin
+            $display("[%0t] fastclk is %0d times faster than clk\n",
+                     $time, count_f/count_c);
+            // This write is a magic value the Makefile uses to make sure the
+            // test completes successfully.
+            $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+            $finish;
+         end
+      end
+   end
+
+   // An example assertion
+   always_ff @ (posedge clk) begin
+      AssertionExample: assert(!reset_l || count_c<100);
+   end
+
+   // And example coverage analysis
+   cover property (@(posedge clk) count_c==3);
+
+endmodule

examples/make_tracing_sc/top.v

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog example module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2003 by Wilson Snyder.
+// ======================================================================
+
+// This is intended to be a complex example of several features, please also
+// see the simpler examples/make_hello_c.
+
+module top
+  (
+   // Declare some signals so we can see how I/O works
+   input         clk,
+   input         fastclk,
+   input         reset_l,
+
+   output wire [1:0]  out_small,
+   output wire [39:0] out_quad,
+   output wire [69:0] out_wide,
+   input [1:0]   in_small,
+   input [39:0]  in_quad,
+   input [69:0]  in_wide
+   );
+
+   // Connect up the outputs, using some trivial logic
+   assign out_small = ~reset_l ? '0 : (in_small + 2'b1);
+   assign out_quad  = ~reset_l ? '0 : (in_quad + 40'b1);
+   assign out_wide  = ~reset_l ? '0 : (in_wide + 70'b1);
+
+   // And an example sub module. The submodule will print stuff.
+   sub sub (/*AUTOINST*/
+            // Inputs
+            .clk                        (clk),
+            .fastclk                    (fastclk),
+            .reset_l                    (reset_l));
+
+   // Print some stuff as an example
+   initial begin
+      $display("[%0t] Model running...\n", $time);
+   end
+
+endmodule

examples/xml_py/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+obj_*
+copied
+*.csv
+*.dot
+*.dmp
+*.pdf

examples/xml_py/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+######################################################################
+#
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator Example: XML tests
+#
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+# redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+#
+######################################################################
+
+# This makefile is not intended to be useful as an example itself,
+# it is just to run the small example scripts in this directory.
+
+# If $VERILATOR_ROOT isn't in the environment, we assume it is part of a
+# package install, and verilator is in your path. Otherwise find the
+# binary relative to $VERILATOR_ROOT (such as when inside the git sources).
+ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)
+VERILATOR = verilator
+else
+export VERILATOR_ROOT
+VERILATOR = $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator
+endif
+
+DOT = dot
+PYTHON = python3
+
+PYTHON_VERSION := $(shell ${PYTHON} --version 2>&1)
+PYTHON_VERSION_FULL := $(wordlist 2,4,$(subst ., ,${PYTHON_VERSION}))
+PYTHON_VERSION_MAJOR := $(word 1,${PYTHON_VERSION_FULL})
+PYTHON_VERSION_MINOR := $(word 2,${PYTHON_VERSION_FULL})
+PYTHON_GE_3_5 := $(shell [ ${PYTHON_VERSION_MAJOR} -eq 3 -a ${PYTHON_VERSION_MINOR} -ge 5 ] && echo true)
+
+ifeq (${PYTHON_GE_3_5},true)
+default: test
+else
+default: python_message
+endif
+
+python_message:
+	@echo "Found Python version ${PYTHON_VERSION}, but require >= 3.5"
+
+test: \
+	test-vl_file_copy \
+	test-vl_hier_graph \
+
+test-vl_file_copy:
+	@echo "-- vl_file_copy example"
+	$(PYTHON) vl_file_copy -odir copied top.v
+	@cmp copied/top.v top.v
+	@cmp copied/sub.v sub.v
+
+test-vl_hier_graph:
+	@echo "-- vl_hier_graph example"
+	$(PYTHON) vl_hier_graph -o graph.dot top.v
+	@echo "Manually run: " $(DOT) -Tpdf -o graph.pdf graph.dot
+
+######################################################################
+
+maintainer-copy::
+clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean::
+	-rm -rf obj_dir *.log *.csv *.dmp *.dot *.vpd *.pdf core copied

examples/xml_py/sub.v

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2019 by Wilson Snyder.
+// ======================================================================
+
+module sub
+  #(parameter type TYPE_t = logic)
+   (
+    input TYPE_t in,
+    output TYPE_t out
+    );
+
+   // Some simple logic
+   always_comb out = ~ in;
+
+endmodule

examples/xml_py/top.v

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog example module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use,
+// without warranty, 2019 by Wilson Snyder.
+// ======================================================================
+
+module top
+  (
+   input         clk,
+   input         fastclk,
+   input         reset_l,
+
+   output wire [1:0]  out_small,
+   output wire [39:0] out_quad,
+   output wire [69:0] out_wide,
+   input [1:0]   in_small,
+   input [39:0]  in_quad,
+   input [69:0]  in_wide
+   );
+
+   sub #(.TYPE_t(logic [1:0])) sub_small
+     (.in(in_small),
+      .out(out_small));
+
+   sub #(.TYPE_t(logic [39:0])) sub_quad
+     (.in(in_quad),
+      .out(out_quad));
+
+   sub #(.TYPE_t(logic [69:0])) sub_wide
+     (.in(in_wide),
+      .out(out_wide));
+endmodule

examples/xml_py/vl_file_copy

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- Python -*- See copyright, etc below
+######################################################################
+
+import argparse
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
+from shutil import copy2
+from pprint import pprint,pformat
+
+#######################################################################
+
+class VlFileCopy:
+    def __init__(self,
+                 verilator_args,  # presently all verilator options are passed-thru
+                 # ideally this script would check against options mentioned in help
+                 debug=0,
+                 output_dir='copied'):  # directory name we output file uses
+        self.debug = debug
+
+        xml_temp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
+
+        args = ['--xml-output', xml_temp.name,
+                '--bbox-sys',  # Parse some stuff can't translate
+                '--bbox-unsup',
+                '--prefix vlxml']  # So we know name of .xml output
+        args += verilator_args
+        self.run_verilator(args)
+        self.tree = ET.parse(xml_temp.name)
+
+        os.makedirs(output_dir, 0o777, True)
+
+        # Find and copy the files
+        root = self.tree.getroot()
+        xfiles = root.find('files')
+        for xfile in xfiles.findall('file'):
+            filename = xfile.get('filename')
+            if not re.match('^<', filename):  # e.g. <built-in>
+                if self.debug:
+                    print("\tcp %s %s" % (filename, output_dir))
+                copy2(filename, output_dir)
+
+    def run_verilator(self, args):
+        """Run Verilator command, check errors"""
+        if os.getenv("VERILATOR_ROOT"):
+            command = os.getenv("VERILATOR_ROOT") + "/bin/verilator"
+        else:
+            command = "verilator"
+        command += ' ' + ' '.join(args)
+        if self.debug:
+            print("\t%s " % command)
+        status = subprocess.call(command, shell=True)
+        if status != 0:
+            raise Exception("Command failed running Verilator with '"+command+"', stopped")
+
+#######################################################################
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        allow_abbrev=False,
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawTextHelpFormatter,
+        description=
+"""Example of using Verilator XML output to copy a list of files to an
+output directory (-odir, defaults to 'copied'), e.g. to easily create a
+tarball of the design to pass to others.
+
+Example usage:
+     vl_file_copy -f input.vc top.v -odir mycopy
+     # This will make at least mycopy/top.v
+""",
+        epilog=
+"""All other arguments are pass-thru to Verilator: e.g.:
+
+  +define+<var>=<value>      Set preprocessor define
+  -F <file>                  Parse options from a file, relatively
+  -f <file>                  Parse options from a file
+  -G<name>=<value>           Overwrite toplevel parameter
+  +incdir+<dir>              Directory to search for includes
+  +libext+<ext>+[ext]...     Extensions for finding modules
+  -v <filename>              Verilog library
+  -y <dir>                   Directory to search for modules
+
+This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use, without
+warranty, 2019 by Wilson Snyder."""
+    )
+    parser.add_argument('-debug', '--debug',
+                        action='store_const', const=9,
+                        help='enable debug')
+    parser.add_argument('-odir', '--odir',
+                        action='store', metavar='directory', required=True,
+                        help='target output directory')
+    (args, rem) = parser.parse_known_args()
+
+    print("NOTE: vl_file_copy is only an example starting point for writing your own tool.")
+    # That is:
+    # 1. We will accept basic patches
+    # 2. We are not expecting to make this globally useful. (e.g. we don't cleanup obj_dir)
+    # 3. "make install" will not install this.
+    # 4. This has not had production-worthy validation.
+
+    fc = VlFileCopy(output_dir = args.odir,
+                    debug = args.debug,
+                    verilator_args = rem)
+
+######################################################################
+### Local Variables:
+### compile-command: "./vl_file_copy -h ; VERILATOR_ROOT=$V4 ./vl_file_copy +define+thru top.v"
+### End:

examples/xml_py/vl_hier_graph

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- Python -*- See copyright, etc below
+######################################################################
+
+import argparse
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
+from shutil import copy2
+from pprint import pprint,pformat
+
+#######################################################################
+
+class VlHierGraph:
+    def __init__(self,
+                 verilator_args,  # presently all verilator options are passed-thru
+                 # ideally this script would check against options mentioned in help
+                 debug=0,
+                 output_filename='graph.dot'):  # output filename
+        self.debug = debug
+        self.next_vertex_number = 0
+        self.name_to_number = {}
+
+        xml_temp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile()
+
+        args = ['--xml-output', xml_temp.name,
+                '--bbox-sys',  # Parse some stuff can't translate
+                '--bbox-unsup',
+                '--prefix vlxml']  # So we know name of .xml output
+        args += verilator_args
+        self.run_verilator(args)
+        self.tree = ET.parse(xml_temp.name)
+
+        with open(output_filename, "w") as fh:
+            # For more serious purposes, use the python graphviz package instead
+            fh.write("digraph {\n")
+            fh.write("  dpi=300;\n")
+            fh.write("  order=LR;\n")
+            fh.write("  node [fontsize=8 shape=\"box\" margin=0.01 width=0 height=0]")
+            fh.write("  edge [fontsize=6]")
+            # Find cells
+            root = self.tree.getroot()
+            netlist = root.find('netlist')
+            for module in netlist.findall('module'):
+                # origNames are before parameterization, name if after
+                mod_name = module.get('name')
+                mod_number = self.name_to_vertex_number(mod_name)
+                fh.write("  n%d [label=\"%s\""
+                         % (mod_number, mod_name))
+                if module.get('topModule'):
+                    fh.write(" color=\"red\" rank=1")
+                fh.write("];\n")
+
+                for instance in module.findall('instance'):
+                    inst_name = instance.get('name')
+                    def_name = instance.get('defName')
+                    def_number = self.name_to_vertex_number(def_name)
+                    fh.write("  n%d->n%d [label=\"%s\"];\n"
+                             % (mod_number, def_number, inst_name));
+
+            fh.write("}\n")
+
+    def name_to_vertex_number(self, name):
+        if not name in self.name_to_number:
+            self.next_vertex_number += 1
+            self.name_to_number[name] = self.next_vertex_number
+        return self.name_to_number[name]
+
+    def run_verilator(self, args):
+        """Run Verilator command, check errors"""
+        if os.getenv("VERILATOR_ROOT"):
+            command = os.getenv("VERILATOR_ROOT") + "/bin/verilator"
+        else:
+            command = "verilator"
+        command += ' ' + ' '.join(args)
+        if self.debug:
+            print("\t%s " % command)
+        status = subprocess.call(command, shell=True)
+        if status != 0:
+            raise Exception("Command failed running Verilator with '"+command+"', stopped")
+
+#######################################################################
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        allow_abbrev=False,
+        formatter_class=argparse.RawTextHelpFormatter,
+        description=
+"""Example of using Verilator XML output to create a .dot file showing the
+design module hierarchy.
+
+Example usage:
+     vl_hier_graph -f input.vc top.v -o graph.dot
+     dot -Tpdf -o graph.pdf graph.dot
+""",
+        epilog=
+"""All other arguments are pass-thru to Verilator: e.g.:
+
+  +define+<var>=<value>      Set preprocessor define
+  -F <file>                  Parse options from a file, relatively
+  -f <file>                  Parse options from a file
+  -G<name>=<value>           Overwrite toplevel parameter
+  +incdir+<dir>              Directory to search for includes
+  +libext+<ext>+[ext]...     Extensions for finding modules
+  -v <filename>              Verilog library
+  -y <dir>                   Directory to search for modules
+
+This file ONLY is placed into the Public Domain, for any use, without
+warranty, 2019 by Wilson Snyder."""
+    )
+    parser.add_argument('-debug', '--debug',
+                        action='store_const', const=9,
+                        help='enable debug')
+    parser.add_argument('-o', '--o',
+                        action='store', metavar='filename', required=True,
+                        help='output filename')
+    (args, rem) = parser.parse_known_args()
+
+    print("NOTE: vl_hier_graph is only an example starting point for writing your own tool.")
+    # That is:
+    # 1. We will accept basic patches
+    # 2. We are not expecting to make this globally useful. (e.g. we don't cleanup obj_dir)
+    # 3. "make install" will not install this.
+    # 4. This has not had production-worthy validation.
+
+    fc = VlHierGraph(output_filename = args.o,
+                     debug = args.debug,
+                     verilator_args = rem)
+
+######################################################################
+### Local Variables:
+### compile-command: "./vl_hier_graph -h ; VERILATOR_ROOT=$V4 ./vl_hier_graph +define+thru top.v"
+### End:

include/gtkwave/fastlz.c

@@ -0,0 +1,549 @@
+/*
+  FastLZ - lightning-fast lossless compression library
+
+  Copyright (C) 2007 Ariya Hidayat ([email protected])
+  Copyright (C) 2006 Ariya Hidayat ([email protected])
+  Copyright (C) 2005 Ariya Hidayat ([email protected])
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+  THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#include "fastlz.h"
+
+#if !defined(FASTLZ__COMPRESSOR) && !defined(FASTLZ_DECOMPRESSOR)
+
+/*
+ * Always check for bound when decompressing.
+ * Generally it is best to leave it defined.
+ */
+#define FASTLZ_SAFE
+
+
+/*
+ * Give hints to the compiler for branch prediction optimization.
+ */
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ > 2)
+#define FASTLZ_EXPECT_CONDITIONAL(c)    (__builtin_expect((c), 1))
+#define FASTLZ_UNEXPECT_CONDITIONAL(c)  (__builtin_expect((c), 0))
+#else
+#define FASTLZ_EXPECT_CONDITIONAL(c)    (c)
+#define FASTLZ_UNEXPECT_CONDITIONAL(c)  (c)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Use inlined functions for supported systems.
+ */
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__DMC__) || defined(__POCC__) || defined(__WATCOMC__) || defined(__SUNPRO_C)
+#define FASTLZ_INLINE inline
+#elif defined(__BORLANDC__) || defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__LCC__)
+#define FASTLZ_INLINE __inline
+#else
+#define FASTLZ_INLINE
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Prevent accessing more than 8-bit at once, except on x86 architectures.
+ */
+#if !defined(FASTLZ_STRICT_ALIGN)
+#define FASTLZ_STRICT_ALIGN
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__386)  /* GNU C, Sun Studio */
+#undef FASTLZ_STRICT_ALIGN
+#elif defined(__i486__) || defined(__i586__) || defined(__i686__) || defined(__amd64) /* GNU C */
+#undef FASTLZ_STRICT_ALIGN
+#elif defined(_M_IX86) /* Intel, MSVC */
+#undef FASTLZ_STRICT_ALIGN
+#elif defined(__386)
+#undef FASTLZ_STRICT_ALIGN
+#elif defined(_X86_) /* MinGW */
+#undef FASTLZ_STRICT_ALIGN
+#elif defined(__I86__) /* Digital Mars */
+#undef FASTLZ_STRICT_ALIGN
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* prototypes */
+int fastlz_compress(const void* input, int length, void* output);
+int fastlz_compress_level(int level, const void* input, int length, void* output);
+int fastlz_decompress(const void* input, int length, void* output, int maxout);
+
+#define MAX_COPY       32
+#define MAX_LEN       264  /* 256 + 8 */
+#define MAX_DISTANCE 8192
+
+#if !defined(FASTLZ_STRICT_ALIGN)
+#define FASTLZ_READU16(p) *((const flzuint16*)(p))
+#else
+#define FASTLZ_READU16(p) ((p)[0] | (p)[1]<<8)
+#endif
+
+#define HASH_LOG  13
+#define HASH_SIZE (1<< HASH_LOG)
+#define HASH_MASK  (HASH_SIZE-1)
+#define HASH_FUNCTION(v,p) { v = FASTLZ_READU16(p); v ^= FASTLZ_READU16(p+1)^(v>>(16-HASH_LOG));v &= HASH_MASK; }
+
+#undef FASTLZ_LEVEL
+#define FASTLZ_LEVEL 1
+
+#undef FASTLZ_COMPRESSOR
+#undef FASTLZ_DECOMPRESSOR
+#define FASTLZ_COMPRESSOR fastlz1_compress
+#define FASTLZ_DECOMPRESSOR fastlz1_decompress
+static FASTLZ_INLINE int FASTLZ_COMPRESSOR(const void* input, int length, void* output);
+static FASTLZ_INLINE int FASTLZ_DECOMPRESSOR(const void* input, int length, void* output, int maxout);
+#include "fastlz.c"
+
+#undef FASTLZ_LEVEL
+#define FASTLZ_LEVEL 2
+
+#undef MAX_DISTANCE
+#define MAX_DISTANCE 8191
+#define MAX_FARDISTANCE (65535+MAX_DISTANCE-1)
+
+#undef FASTLZ_COMPRESSOR
+#undef FASTLZ_DECOMPRESSOR
+#define FASTLZ_COMPRESSOR fastlz2_compress
+#define FASTLZ_DECOMPRESSOR fastlz2_decompress
+static FASTLZ_INLINE int FASTLZ_COMPRESSOR(const void* input, int length, void* output);
+static FASTLZ_INLINE int FASTLZ_DECOMPRESSOR(const void* input, int length, void* output, int maxout);
+#include "fastlz.c"
+
+int fastlz_compress(const void* input, int length, void* output)
+{
+  /* for short block, choose fastlz1 */
+  if(length < 65536)
+    return fastlz1_compress(input, length, output);
+
+  /* else... */
+  return fastlz2_compress(input, length, output);
+}
+
+int fastlz_decompress(const void* input, int length, void* output, int maxout)
+{
+  /* magic identifier for compression level */
+  int level = ((*(const flzuint8*)input) >> 5) + 1;
+
+  if(level == 1)
+    return fastlz1_decompress(input, length, output, maxout);
+  if(level == 2)
+    return fastlz2_decompress(input, length, output, maxout);
+
+  /* unknown level, trigger error */
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int fastlz_compress_level(int level, const void* input, int length, void* output)
+{
+  if(level == 1)
+    return fastlz1_compress(input, length, output);
+  if(level == 2)
+    return fastlz2_compress(input, length, output);
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#else /* !defined(FASTLZ_COMPRESSOR) && !defined(FASTLZ_DECOMPRESSOR) */
+
+static FASTLZ_INLINE int FASTLZ_COMPRESSOR(const void* input, int length, void* output)
+{
+  const flzuint8* ip = (const flzuint8*) input;
+  const flzuint8* ip_bound = ip + length - 2;
+  const flzuint8* ip_limit = ip + length - 12;
+  flzuint8* op = (flzuint8*) output;
+
+  const flzuint8* htab[HASH_SIZE];
+  const flzuint8** hslot;
+  flzuint32 hval;
+
+  flzuint32 copy;
+
+  /* sanity check */
+  if(FASTLZ_UNEXPECT_CONDITIONAL(length < 4))
+  {
+    if(length)
+    {
+      /* create literal copy only */
+      *op++ = length-1;
+      ip_bound++;
+      while(ip <= ip_bound)
+        *op++ = *ip++;
+      return length+1;
+    }
+    else
+      return 0;
+  }
+
+  /* initializes hash table */
+  for (hslot = htab; hslot < htab + HASH_SIZE; hslot++)
+    *hslot = ip;
+
+  /* we start with literal copy */
+  copy = 2;
+  *op++ = MAX_COPY-1;
+  *op++ = *ip++;
+  *op++ = *ip++;
+
+  /* main loop */
+  while(FASTLZ_EXPECT_CONDITIONAL(ip < ip_limit))
+  {
+    const flzuint8* ref;
+    flzuint32 distance;
+
+    /* minimum match length */
+    flzuint32 len = 3;
+
+    /* comparison starting-point */
+    const flzuint8* anchor = ip;
+
+    /* check for a run */
+#if FASTLZ_LEVEL==2
+    if(ip[0] == ip[-1] && FASTLZ_READU16(ip-1)==FASTLZ_READU16(ip+1))
+    {
+      distance = 1;
+      /* ip += 3; */ /* scan-build, never used */
+      ref = anchor - 1 + 3;
+      goto match;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* find potential match */
+    HASH_FUNCTION(hval,ip);
+    hslot = htab + hval;
+    ref = htab[hval];
+
+    /* calculate distance to the match */
+    distance = anchor - ref;
+
+    /* update hash table */
+    *hslot = anchor;
+
+    /* is this a match? check the first 3 bytes */
+    if(distance==0 ||
+#if FASTLZ_LEVEL==1
+    (distance >= MAX_DISTANCE) ||
+#else
+    (distance >= MAX_FARDISTANCE) ||
+#endif
+    *ref++ != *ip++ || *ref++!=*ip++ || *ref++!=*ip++)
+      goto literal;
+
+#if FASTLZ_LEVEL==2
+    /* far, needs at least 5-byte match */
+    if(distance >= MAX_DISTANCE)
+    {
+      if(*ip++ != *ref++ || *ip++!= *ref++)
+        goto literal;
+      len += 2;
+    }
+
+    match:
+#endif
+
+    /* last matched byte */
+    ip = anchor + len;
+
+    /* distance is biased */
+    distance--;
+
+    if(!distance)
+    {
+      /* zero distance means a run */
+      flzuint8 x = ip[-1];
+      while(ip < ip_bound)
+        if(*ref++ != x) break; else ip++;
+    }
+    else
+    for(;;)
+    {
+      /* safe because the outer check against ip limit */
+      if(*ref++ != *ip++) break;
+      if(*ref++ != *ip++) break;
+      if(*ref++ != *ip++) break;
+      if(*ref++ != *ip++) break;
+      if(*ref++ != *ip++) break;
+      if(*ref++ != *ip++) break;
+      if(*ref++ != *ip++) break;
+      if(*ref++ != *ip++) break;
+      while(ip < ip_bound)
+        if(*ref++ != *ip++) break;
+      break;
+    }
+
+    /* if we have copied something, adjust the copy count */
+    if(copy)
+      /* copy is biased, '0' means 1 byte copy */
+      *(op-copy-1) = copy-1;
+    else
+      /* back, to overwrite the copy count */
+      op--;
+
+    /* reset literal counter */
+    copy = 0;
+
+    /* length is biased, '1' means a match of 3 bytes */
+    ip -= 3;
+    len = ip - anchor;
+
+    /* encode the match */
+#if FASTLZ_LEVEL==2
+    if(distance < MAX_DISTANCE)
+    {
+      if(len < 7)
+      {
+        *op++ = (len << 5) + (distance >> 8);
+        *op++ = (distance & 255);
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        *op++ = (7 << 5) + (distance >> 8);
+        for(len-=7; len >= 255; len-= 255)
+          *op++ = 255;
+        *op++ = len;
+        *op++ = (distance & 255);
+      }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      /* far away, but not yet in the another galaxy... */
+      if(len < 7)
+      {
+        distance -= MAX_DISTANCE;
+        *op++ = (len << 5) + 31;
+        *op++ = 255;
+        *op++ = distance >> 8;
+        *op++ = distance & 255;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        distance -= MAX_DISTANCE;
+        *op++ = (7 << 5) + 31;
+        for(len-=7; len >= 255; len-= 255)
+          *op++ = 255;
+        *op++ = len;
+        *op++ = 255;
+        *op++ = distance >> 8;
+        *op++ = distance & 255;
+      }
+    }
+#else
+
+    if(FASTLZ_UNEXPECT_CONDITIONAL(len > MAX_LEN-2))
+      while(len > MAX_LEN-2)
+      {
+        *op++ = (7 << 5) + (distance >> 8);
+        *op++ = MAX_LEN - 2 - 7 -2;
+        *op++ = (distance & 255);
+        len -= MAX_LEN-2;
+      }
+
+    if(len < 7)
+    {
+      *op++ = (len << 5) + (distance >> 8);
+      *op++ = (distance & 255);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      *op++ = (7 << 5) + (distance >> 8);
+      *op++ = len - 7;
+      *op++ = (distance & 255);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    /* update the hash at match boundary */
+    HASH_FUNCTION(hval,ip);
+    htab[hval] = ip++;
+    HASH_FUNCTION(hval,ip);
+    htab[hval] = ip++;
+
+    /* assuming literal copy */
+    *op++ = MAX_COPY-1;
+
+    continue;
+
+    literal:
+      *op++ = *anchor++;
+      ip = anchor;
+      copy++;
+      if(FASTLZ_UNEXPECT_CONDITIONAL(copy == MAX_COPY))
+      {
+        copy = 0;
+        *op++ = MAX_COPY-1;
+      }
+  }
+
+  /* left-over as literal copy */
+  ip_bound++;
+  while(ip <= ip_bound)
+  {
+    *op++ = *ip++;
+    copy++;
+    if(copy == MAX_COPY)
+    {
+      copy = 0;
+      *op++ = MAX_COPY-1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* if we have copied something, adjust the copy length */
+  if(copy)
+    *(op-copy-1) = copy-1;
+  else
+    op--;
+
+#if FASTLZ_LEVEL==2
+  /* marker for fastlz2 */
+  *(flzuint8*)output |= (1 << 5);
+#endif
+
+  return op - (flzuint8*)output;
+}
+
+static FASTLZ_INLINE int FASTLZ_DECOMPRESSOR(const void* input, int length, void* output, int maxout)
+{
+  const flzuint8* ip = (const flzuint8*) input;
+  const flzuint8* ip_limit  = ip + length;
+  flzuint8* op = (flzuint8*) output;
+#ifdef FASTLZ_SAFE
+  flzuint8* op_limit = op + maxout;
+#endif
+  flzuint32 ctrl = (*ip++) & 31;
+  int loop = 1;
+
+  do
+  {
+    const flzuint8* ref = op;
+    flzuint32 len = ctrl >> 5;
+    flzuint32 ofs = (ctrl & 31) << 8;
+
+    if(ctrl >= 32)
+    {
+#if FASTLZ_LEVEL==2
+      flzuint8 code;
+#endif
+      len--;
+      ref -= ofs;
+      if (len == 7-1)
+#if FASTLZ_LEVEL==1
+        len += *ip++;
+      ref -= *ip++;
+#else
+        do
+        {
+          code = *ip++;
+          len += code;
+        } while (code==255);
+      code = *ip++;
+      ref -= code;
+
+      /* match from 16-bit distance */
+      if(FASTLZ_UNEXPECT_CONDITIONAL(code==255))
+      if(FASTLZ_EXPECT_CONDITIONAL(ofs==(31 << 8)))
+      {
+        ofs = (*ip++) << 8;
+        ofs += *ip++;
+        ref = op - ofs - MAX_DISTANCE;
+      }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef FASTLZ_SAFE
+      if (FASTLZ_UNEXPECT_CONDITIONAL(op + len + 3 > op_limit))
+        return 0;
+
+      if (FASTLZ_UNEXPECT_CONDITIONAL(ref-1 < (flzuint8 *)output))
+        return 0;
+#endif
+
+      if(FASTLZ_EXPECT_CONDITIONAL(ip < ip_limit))
+        ctrl = *ip++;
+      else
+        loop = 0;
+
+      if(ref == op)
+      {
+        /* optimize copy for a run */
+        flzuint8 b = ref[-1];
+        *op++ = b;
+        *op++ = b;
+        *op++ = b;
+        for(; len; --len)
+          *op++ = b;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+#if !defined(FASTLZ_STRICT_ALIGN)
+        const flzuint16* p;
+        flzuint16* q;
+#endif
+        /* copy from reference */
+        ref--;
+        *op++ = *ref++;
+        *op++ = *ref++;
+        *op++ = *ref++;
+
+#if !defined(FASTLZ_STRICT_ALIGN)
+        /* copy a byte, so that now it's word aligned */
+        if(len & 1)
+        {
+          *op++ = *ref++;
+          len--;
+        }
+
+        /* copy 16-bit at once */
+        q = (flzuint16*) op;
+        op += len;
+        p = (const flzuint16*) ref;
+        for(len>>=1; len > 4; len-=4)
+        {
+          *q++ = *p++;
+          *q++ = *p++;
+          *q++ = *p++;
+          *q++ = *p++;
+        }
+        for(; len; --len)
+          *q++ = *p++;
+#else
+        for(; len; --len)
+          *op++ = *ref++;
+#endif
+      }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      ctrl++;
+#ifdef FASTLZ_SAFE
+      if (FASTLZ_UNEXPECT_CONDITIONAL(op + ctrl > op_limit))
+        return 0;
+      if (FASTLZ_UNEXPECT_CONDITIONAL(ip + ctrl > ip_limit))
+        return 0;
+#endif
+
+      *op++ = *ip++;
+      for(--ctrl; ctrl; ctrl--)
+        *op++ = *ip++;
+
+      loop = FASTLZ_EXPECT_CONDITIONAL(ip < ip_limit);
+      if(loop)
+        ctrl = *ip++;
+    }
+  }
+  while(FASTLZ_EXPECT_CONDITIONAL(loop));
+
+  return op - (flzuint8*)output;
+}
+
+#endif /* !defined(FASTLZ_COMPRESSOR) && !defined(FASTLZ_DECOMPRESSOR) */

include/gtkwave/fastlz.h

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+/*
+  FastLZ - lightning-fast lossless compression library
+
+  Copyright (C) 2007 Ariya Hidayat ([email protected])
+  Copyright (C) 2006 Ariya Hidayat ([email protected])
+  Copyright (C) 2005 Ariya Hidayat ([email protected])
+
+  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+  of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+  in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+  to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+  copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+  furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+  all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+  IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+  AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+  LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+  THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#ifndef FASTLZ_H
+#define FASTLZ_H
+
+#include <inttypes.h>
+
+#define flzuint8 uint8_t
+#define flzuint16 uint16_t
+#define flzuint32 uint32_t
+
+
+#define FASTLZ_VERSION 0x000100
+
+#define FASTLZ_VERSION_MAJOR     0
+#define FASTLZ_VERSION_MINOR     0
+#define FASTLZ_VERSION_REVISION  0
+
+#define FASTLZ_VERSION_STRING "0.1.0"
+
+#if defined (__cplusplus)
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/**
+  Compress a block of data in the input buffer and returns the size of
+  compressed block. The size of input buffer is specified by length. The
+  minimum input buffer size is 16.
+
+  The output buffer must be at least 5% larger than the input buffer
+  and can not be smaller than 66 bytes.
+
+  If the input is not compressible, the return value might be larger than
+  length (input buffer size).
+
+  The input buffer and the output buffer can not overlap.
+*/
+
+int fastlz_compress(const void* input, int length, void* output);
+
+/**
+  Decompress a block of compressed data and returns the size of the
+  decompressed block. If error occurs, e.g. the compressed data is
+  corrupted or the output buffer is not large enough, then 0 (zero)
+  will be returned instead.
+
+  The input buffer and the output buffer can not overlap.
+
+  Decompression is memory safe and guaranteed not to write the output buffer
+  more than what is specified in maxout.
+ */
+
+int fastlz_decompress(const void* input, int length, void* output, int maxout);
+
+/**
+  Compress a block of data in the input buffer and returns the size of
+  compressed block. The size of input buffer is specified by length. The
+  minimum input buffer size is 16.
+
+  The output buffer must be at least 5% larger than the input buffer
+  and can not be smaller than 66 bytes.
+
+  If the input is not compressible, the return value might be larger than
+  length (input buffer size).
+
+  The input buffer and the output buffer can not overlap.
+
+  Compression level can be specified in parameter level. At the moment,
+  only level 1 and level 2 are supported.
+  Level 1 is the fastest compression and generally useful for short data.
+  Level 2 is slightly slower but it gives better compression ratio.
+
+  Note that the compressed data, regardless of the level, can always be
+  decompressed using the function fastlz_decompress above.
+*/
+
+int fastlz_compress_level(int level, const void* input, int length, void* output);
+
+#if defined (__cplusplus)
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* FASTLZ_H */

include/gtkwave/fst_config.h

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/* This file specifically for FST usage */
+/* config.h.  Generated from config.h.in by configure.  */
+/* config.h.in.  Generated from configure.ac by autoheader.  */
+
+/* Define to 1 if you have <alloca.h> and it should be used (not on Ultrix). */
+#if !defined(__MINGW32__)
+# define HAVE_ALLOCA_H 1
+#endif
+
+/* Define to 1 if fseeko (and presumably ftello) exists and is declared. */
+#define HAVE_FSEEKO 1

include/gtkwave/fstapi.h

@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2009-2018 Tony Bybell.
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+ * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+ * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+ * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+ * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
+ * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+ * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef FST_API_H
+#define FST_API_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <zlib.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+#define FST_RDLOAD "FSTLOAD | "
+
+typedef uint32_t fstHandle;
+typedef uint32_t fstEnumHandle;
+
+enum fstWriterPackType {
+    FST_WR_PT_ZLIB             = 0,
+    FST_WR_PT_FASTLZ           = 1,
+    FST_WR_PT_LZ4              = 2
+};
+
+enum fstFileType {
+    FST_FT_MIN                 = 0,
+
+    FST_FT_VERILOG             = 0,
+    FST_FT_VHDL                = 1,
+    FST_FT_VERILOG_VHDL        = 2,
+
+    FST_FT_MAX                 = 2
+};
+
+enum fstBlockType {
+    FST_BL_HDR                 = 0,
+    FST_BL_VCDATA              = 1,
+    FST_BL_BLACKOUT            = 2,
+    FST_BL_GEOM                = 3,
+    FST_BL_HIER                = 4,
+    FST_BL_VCDATA_DYN_ALIAS    = 5,
+    FST_BL_HIER_LZ4            = 6,
+    FST_BL_HIER_LZ4DUO         = 7,
+    FST_BL_VCDATA_DYN_ALIAS2   = 8,
+
+    FST_BL_ZWRAPPER            = 254,   /* indicates that whole trace is gz wrapped */
+    FST_BL_SKIP                = 255    /* used while block is being written */
+};
+
+enum fstScopeType {
+    FST_ST_MIN                 = 0,
+
+    FST_ST_VCD_MODULE          = 0,
+    FST_ST_VCD_TASK            = 1,
+    FST_ST_VCD_FUNCTION        = 2,
+    FST_ST_VCD_BEGIN           = 3,
+    FST_ST_VCD_FORK            = 4,
+    FST_ST_VCD_GENERATE        = 5,
+    FST_ST_VCD_STRUCT          = 6,
+    FST_ST_VCD_UNION           = 7,
+    FST_ST_VCD_CLASS           = 8,
+    FST_ST_VCD_INTERFACE       = 9,
+    FST_ST_VCD_PACKAGE         = 10,
+    FST_ST_VCD_PROGRAM         = 11,
+
+    FST_ST_VHDL_ARCHITECTURE   = 12,
+    FST_ST_VHDL_PROCEDURE      = 13,
+    FST_ST_VHDL_FUNCTION       = 14,
+    FST_ST_VHDL_RECORD         = 15,
+    FST_ST_VHDL_PROCESS        = 16,
+    FST_ST_VHDL_BLOCK          = 17,
+    FST_ST_VHDL_FOR_GENERATE   = 18,
+    FST_ST_VHDL_IF_GENERATE    = 19,
+    FST_ST_VHDL_GENERATE       = 20,
+    FST_ST_VHDL_PACKAGE        = 21,
+
+    FST_ST_MAX                 = 21,
+
+    FST_ST_GEN_ATTRBEGIN       = 252,
+    FST_ST_GEN_ATTREND         = 253,
+
+    FST_ST_VCD_SCOPE           = 254,
+    FST_ST_VCD_UPSCOPE         = 255
+};
+
+enum fstVarType {
+    FST_VT_MIN                 = 0,     /* start of vartypes */
+
+    FST_VT_VCD_EVENT           = 0,
+    FST_VT_VCD_INTEGER         = 1,
+    FST_VT_VCD_PARAMETER       = 2,
+    FST_VT_VCD_REAL            = 3,
+    FST_VT_VCD_REAL_PARAMETER  = 4,
+    FST_VT_VCD_REG             = 5,
+    FST_VT_VCD_SUPPLY0         = 6,
+    FST_VT_VCD_SUPPLY1         = 7,
+    FST_VT_VCD_TIME            = 8,
+    FST_VT_VCD_TRI             = 9,
+    FST_VT_VCD_TRIAND          = 10,
+    FST_VT_VCD_TRIOR           = 11,
+    FST_VT_VCD_TRIREG          = 12,
+    FST_VT_VCD_TRI0            = 13,
+    FST_VT_VCD_TRI1            = 14,
+    FST_VT_VCD_WAND            = 15,
+    FST_VT_VCD_WIRE            = 16,
+    FST_VT_VCD_WOR             = 17,
+    FST_VT_VCD_PORT            = 18,
+    FST_VT_VCD_SPARRAY         = 19,    /* used to define the rownum (index) port for a sparse array */
+    FST_VT_VCD_REALTIME        = 20,
+
+    FST_VT_GEN_STRING          = 21,    /* generic string type   (max len is defined dynamically via fstWriterEmitVariableLengthValueChange) */
+
+    FST_VT_SV_BIT              = 22,
+    FST_VT_SV_LOGIC            = 23,
+    FST_VT_SV_INT              = 24,    /* declare as size = 32 */
+    FST_VT_SV_SHORTINT         = 25,    /* declare as size = 16 */
+    FST_VT_SV_LONGINT          = 26,    /* declare as size = 64 */
+    FST_VT_SV_BYTE             = 27,    /* declare as size = 8  */
+    FST_VT_SV_ENUM             = 28,    /* declare as appropriate type range */
+    FST_VT_SV_SHORTREAL        = 29,    /* declare and emit same as FST_VT_VCD_REAL (needs to be emitted as double, not a float) */
+
+    FST_VT_MAX                 = 29     /* end of vartypes */
+};
+
+enum fstVarDir {
+    FST_VD_MIN         = 0,
+
+    FST_VD_IMPLICIT    = 0,
+    FST_VD_INPUT       = 1,
+    FST_VD_OUTPUT      = 2,
+    FST_VD_INOUT       = 3,
+    FST_VD_BUFFER      = 4,
+    FST_VD_LINKAGE     = 5,
+
+    FST_VD_MAX         = 5
+};
+
+enum fstHierType {
+    FST_HT_MIN         = 0,
+
+    FST_HT_SCOPE       = 0,
+    FST_HT_UPSCOPE     = 1,
+    FST_HT_VAR         = 2,
+    FST_HT_ATTRBEGIN   = 3,
+    FST_HT_ATTREND     = 4,
+
+    /* FST_HT_TREEBEGIN and FST_HT_TREEEND are not yet used by FST but are currently used when fstHier bridges other formats */
+    FST_HT_TREEBEGIN   = 5,
+    FST_HT_TREEEND     = 6,
+
+    FST_HT_MAX         = 6
+};
+
+enum fstAttrType {
+    FST_AT_MIN         = 0,
+
+    FST_AT_MISC        = 0,     /* self-contained: does not need matching FST_HT_ATTREND */
+    FST_AT_ARRAY       = 1,
+    FST_AT_ENUM        = 2,
+    FST_AT_PACK        = 3,
+
+    FST_AT_MAX         = 3
+};
+
+enum fstMiscType {
+    FST_MT_MIN         = 0,
+
+    FST_MT_COMMENT     = 0,     /* use fstWriterSetComment() to emit */
+    FST_MT_ENVVAR      = 1,     /* use fstWriterSetEnvVar() to emit */
+    FST_MT_SUPVAR      = 2,     /* use fstWriterCreateVar2() to emit */
+    FST_MT_PATHNAME    = 3,     /* reserved for fstWriterSetSourceStem() string -> number management */
+    FST_MT_SOURCESTEM  = 4,     /* use fstWriterSetSourceStem() to emit */
+    FST_MT_SOURCEISTEM = 5,     /* use fstWriterSetSourceInstantiationStem() to emit */
+    FST_MT_VALUELIST   = 6,	/* use fstWriterSetValueList() to emit, followed by fstWriterCreateVar*() */
+    FST_MT_ENUMTABLE   = 7,	/* use fstWriterCreateEnumTable() and fstWriterEmitEnumTableRef() to emit */
+    FST_MT_UNKNOWN     = 8,
+
+    FST_MT_MAX         = 8
+};
+
+enum fstArrayType {
+    FST_AR_MIN         = 0,
+
+    FST_AR_NONE        = 0,
+    FST_AR_UNPACKED    = 1,
+    FST_AR_PACKED      = 2,
+    FST_AR_SPARSE      = 3,
+
+    FST_AR_MAX         = 3
+};
+
+enum fstEnumValueType {
+    FST_EV_SV_INTEGER           = 0,
+    FST_EV_SV_BIT               = 1,
+    FST_EV_SV_LOGIC             = 2,
+    FST_EV_SV_INT               = 3,
+    FST_EV_SV_SHORTINT          = 4,
+    FST_EV_SV_LONGINT           = 5,
+    FST_EV_SV_BYTE              = 6,
+    FST_EV_SV_UNSIGNED_INTEGER  = 7,
+    FST_EV_SV_UNSIGNED_BIT      = 8,
+    FST_EV_SV_UNSIGNED_LOGIC    = 9,
+    FST_EV_SV_UNSIGNED_INT      = 10,
+    FST_EV_SV_UNSIGNED_SHORTINT = 11,
+    FST_EV_SV_UNSIGNED_LONGINT  = 12,
+    FST_EV_SV_UNSIGNED_BYTE     = 13,
+
+    FST_EV_REG			= 14,
+    FST_EV_TIME			= 15,
+
+    FST_EV_MAX                  = 15
+};
+
+enum fstPackType {
+    FST_PT_NONE          = 0,
+    FST_PT_UNPACKED      = 1,
+    FST_PT_PACKED        = 2,
+    FST_PT_TAGGED_PACKED = 3,
+
+    FST_PT_MAX           = 3
+};
+
+enum fstSupplementalVarType {
+    FST_SVT_MIN                    = 0,
+
+    FST_SVT_NONE                   = 0,
+
+    FST_SVT_VHDL_SIGNAL            = 1,
+    FST_SVT_VHDL_VARIABLE          = 2,
+    FST_SVT_VHDL_CONSTANT          = 3,
+    FST_SVT_VHDL_FILE              = 4,
+    FST_SVT_VHDL_MEMORY            = 5,
+
+    FST_SVT_MAX                    = 5
+};
+
+enum fstSupplementalDataType {
+    FST_SDT_MIN                    = 0,
+
+    FST_SDT_NONE                   = 0,
+
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_BOOLEAN           = 1,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_BIT               = 2,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_BIT_VECTOR        = 3,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_STD_ULOGIC        = 4,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_STD_ULOGIC_VECTOR = 5,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_STD_LOGIC         = 6,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_STD_LOGIC_VECTOR  = 7,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_UNSIGNED          = 8,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_SIGNED            = 9,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_INTEGER           = 10,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_REAL              = 11,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_NATURAL           = 12,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_POSITIVE          = 13,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_TIME              = 14,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_CHARACTER         = 15,
+    FST_SDT_VHDL_STRING            = 16,
+
+    FST_SDT_MAX                    = 16,
+
+    FST_SDT_SVT_SHIFT_COUNT        = 10, /* FST_SVT_* is ORed in by fstWriterCreateVar2() to the left after shifting FST_SDT_SVT_SHIFT_COUNT */
+    FST_SDT_ABS_MAX                = ((1<<(FST_SDT_SVT_SHIFT_COUNT))-1)
+};
+
+
+struct fstHier
+{
+unsigned char htyp;
+
+union {
+        /* if htyp == FST_HT_SCOPE */
+        struct fstHierScope {
+                unsigned char typ; /* FST_ST_MIN ... FST_ST_MAX */
+                const char *name;
+                const char *component;
+                uint32_t name_length;           /* strlen(u.scope.name) */
+                uint32_t component_length;      /* strlen(u.scope.component) */
+                } scope;
+
+        /* if htyp == FST_HT_VAR */
+        struct fstHierVar {
+                unsigned char typ; /* FST_VT_MIN ... FST_VT_MAX */
+                unsigned char direction; /* FST_VD_MIN ... FST_VD_MAX */
+                unsigned char svt_workspace; /* zeroed out by FST reader, for client code use */
+                unsigned char sdt_workspace; /* zeroed out by FST reader, for client code use */
+                unsigned int  sxt_workspace; /* zeroed out by FST reader, for client code use */
+                const char *name;
+                uint32_t length;
+                fstHandle handle;
+                uint32_t name_length; /* strlen(u.var.name) */
+                unsigned is_alias : 1;
+                } var;
+
+        /* if htyp == FST_HT_ATTRBEGIN */
+        struct fstHierAttr {
+                unsigned char typ; /* FST_AT_MIN ... FST_AT_MAX */
+                unsigned char subtype; /* from fstMiscType, fstArrayType, fstEnumValueType, fstPackType */
+                const char *name;
+                uint64_t arg; /* number of array elements, struct members, or some other payload (possibly ignored) */
+                uint64_t arg_from_name; /* for when name is overloaded as a variable-length integer (FST_AT_MISC + FST_MT_SOURCESTEM) */
+                uint32_t name_length; /* strlen(u.attr.name) */
+                } attr;
+        } u;
+};
+
+
+struct fstETab
+{
+char *name;
+uint32_t elem_count;
+char **literal_arr;
+char **val_arr;
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * writer functions
+ */
+void            fstWriterClose(void *ctx);
+void *          fstWriterCreate(const char *nam, int use_compressed_hier);
+fstEnumHandle   fstWriterCreateEnumTable(void *ctx, const char *name, uint32_t elem_count, unsigned int min_valbits, const char **literal_arr, const char **val_arr);
+                /* used for Verilog/SV */
+fstHandle       fstWriterCreateVar(void *ctx, enum fstVarType vt, enum fstVarDir vd,
+                        uint32_t len, const char *nam, fstHandle aliasHandle);
+                /* future expansion for VHDL and other languages.  The variable type, data type, etc map onto
+                   the current Verilog/SV one.  The "type" string is optional for a more verbose or custom description */
+fstHandle       fstWriterCreateVar2(void *ctx, enum fstVarType vt, enum fstVarDir vd,
+                        uint32_t len, const char *nam, fstHandle aliasHandle,
+                        const char *type, enum fstSupplementalVarType svt, enum fstSupplementalDataType sdt);
+void            fstWriterEmitDumpActive(void *ctx, int enable);
+void 		fstWriterEmitEnumTableRef(void *ctx, fstEnumHandle handle);
+void            fstWriterEmitValueChange(void *ctx, fstHandle handle, const void *val);
+void            fstWriterEmitVariableLengthValueChange(void *ctx, fstHandle handle, const void *val, uint32_t len);
+void            fstWriterEmitTimeChange(void *ctx, uint64_t tim);
+void            fstWriterFlushContext(void *ctx);
+int             fstWriterGetDumpSizeLimitReached(void *ctx);
+int             fstWriterGetFseekFailed(void *ctx);
+void            fstWriterSetAttrBegin(void *ctx, enum fstAttrType attrtype, int subtype,
+                        const char *attrname, uint64_t arg);
+void            fstWriterSetAttrEnd(void *ctx);
+void            fstWriterSetComment(void *ctx, const char *comm);
+void            fstWriterSetDate(void *ctx, const char *dat);
+void            fstWriterSetDumpSizeLimit(void *ctx, uint64_t numbytes);
+void            fstWriterSetEnvVar(void *ctx, const char *envvar);
+void            fstWriterSetFileType(void *ctx, enum fstFileType filetype);
+void            fstWriterSetPackType(void *ctx, enum fstWriterPackType typ);
+void            fstWriterSetParallelMode(void *ctx, int enable);
+void            fstWriterSetRepackOnClose(void *ctx, int enable);       /* type = 0 (none), 1 (libz) */
+void            fstWriterSetScope(void *ctx, enum fstScopeType scopetype,
+                        const char *scopename, const char *scopecomp);
+void            fstWriterSetSourceInstantiationStem(void *ctx, const char *path, unsigned int line, unsigned int use_realpath);
+void            fstWriterSetSourceStem(void *ctx, const char *path, unsigned int line, unsigned int use_realpath);
+void            fstWriterSetTimescale(void *ctx, int ts);
+void            fstWriterSetTimescaleFromString(void *ctx, const char *s);
+void            fstWriterSetTimezero(void *ctx, int64_t tim);
+void            fstWriterSetUpscope(void *ctx);
+void		fstWriterSetValueList(void *ctx, const char *vl);
+void            fstWriterSetVersion(void *ctx, const char *vers);
+
+
+/*
+ * reader functions
+ */
+void            fstReaderClose(void *ctx);
+void            fstReaderClrFacProcessMask(void *ctx, fstHandle facidx);
+void            fstReaderClrFacProcessMaskAll(void *ctx);
+uint64_t        fstReaderGetAliasCount(void *ctx);
+const char *    fstReaderGetCurrentFlatScope(void *ctx);
+void *          fstReaderGetCurrentScopeUserInfo(void *ctx);
+int             fstReaderGetCurrentScopeLen(void *ctx);
+const char *    fstReaderGetDateString(void *ctx);
+int             fstReaderGetDoubleEndianMatchState(void *ctx);
+uint64_t        fstReaderGetDumpActivityChangeTime(void *ctx, uint32_t idx);
+unsigned char   fstReaderGetDumpActivityChangeValue(void *ctx, uint32_t idx);
+uint64_t        fstReaderGetEndTime(void *ctx);
+int             fstReaderGetFacProcessMask(void *ctx, fstHandle facidx);
+int             fstReaderGetFileType(void *ctx);
+int             fstReaderGetFseekFailed(void *ctx);
+fstHandle       fstReaderGetMaxHandle(void *ctx);
+uint64_t        fstReaderGetMemoryUsedByWriter(void *ctx);
+uint32_t        fstReaderGetNumberDumpActivityChanges(void *ctx);
+uint64_t        fstReaderGetScopeCount(void *ctx);
+uint64_t        fstReaderGetStartTime(void *ctx);
+signed char     fstReaderGetTimescale(void *ctx);
+int64_t         fstReaderGetTimezero(void *ctx);
+uint64_t        fstReaderGetValueChangeSectionCount(void *ctx);
+char *          fstReaderGetValueFromHandleAtTime(void *ctx, uint64_t tim, fstHandle facidx, char *buf);
+uint64_t        fstReaderGetVarCount(void *ctx);
+const char *    fstReaderGetVersionString(void *ctx);
+struct fstHier *fstReaderIterateHier(void *ctx);
+int             fstReaderIterateHierRewind(void *ctx);
+int             fstReaderIterBlocks(void *ctx,
+                        void (*value_change_callback)(void *user_callback_data_pointer, uint64_t time, fstHandle facidx, const unsigned char *value),
+                        void *user_callback_data_pointer, FILE *vcdhandle);
+int             fstReaderIterBlocks2(void *ctx,
+                        void (*value_change_callback)(void *user_callback_data_pointer, uint64_t time, fstHandle facidx, const unsigned char *value),
+                        void (*value_change_callback_varlen)(void *user_callback_data_pointer, uint64_t time, fstHandle facidx, const unsigned char *value, uint32_t len),
+                        void *user_callback_data_pointer, FILE *vcdhandle);
+void            fstReaderIterBlocksSetNativeDoublesOnCallback(void *ctx, int enable);
+void *          fstReaderOpen(const char *nam);
+void *          fstReaderOpenForUtilitiesOnly(void);
+const char *    fstReaderPopScope(void *ctx);
+int             fstReaderProcessHier(void *ctx, FILE *vcdhandle);
+const char *    fstReaderPushScope(void *ctx, const char *nam, void *user_info);
+void            fstReaderResetScope(void *ctx);
+void            fstReaderSetFacProcessMask(void *ctx, fstHandle facidx);
+void            fstReaderSetFacProcessMaskAll(void *ctx);
+void            fstReaderSetLimitTimeRange(void *ctx, uint64_t start_time, uint64_t end_time);
+void            fstReaderSetUnlimitedTimeRange(void *ctx);
+void            fstReaderSetVcdExtensions(void *ctx, int enable);
+
+
+/*
+ * utility functions
+ */
+int             fstUtilityBinToEscConvertedLen(const unsigned char *s, int len); /* used for mallocs for fstUtilityBinToEsc() */
+int             fstUtilityBinToEsc(unsigned char *d, const unsigned char *s, int len);
+int             fstUtilityEscToBin(unsigned char *d, unsigned char *s, int len);
+struct fstETab *fstUtilityExtractEnumTableFromString(const char *s);
+void 		fstUtilityFreeEnumTable(struct fstETab *etab); /* must use to free fstETab properly */
+
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif

include/gtkwave/lz4.h

@@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
+/*
+   LZ4 - Fast LZ compression algorithm
+   Header File
+   Copyright (C) 2011-2015, Yann Collet.
+
+   BSD 2-Clause License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php)
+
+   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+   met:
+
+       * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+       * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+   copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+   in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+   distribution.
+
+   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+   OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+   SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+   LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+   DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+   THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+   (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+   OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+   You can contact the author at :
+   - LZ4 source repository : https://github.com/Cyan4973/lz4
+   - LZ4 public forum : https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/lz4c
+*/
+#pragma once
+
+#if defined (__cplusplus)
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * lz4.h provides block compression functions, and gives full buffer control to programmer.
+ * If you need to generate inter-operable compressed data (respecting LZ4 frame specification),
+ * and can let the library handle its own memory, please use lz4frame.h instead.
+*/
+
+/**************************************
+*  Version
+**************************************/
+#define LZ4_VERSION_MAJOR    1    /* for breaking interface changes  */
+#define LZ4_VERSION_MINOR    7    /* for new (non-breaking) interface capabilities */
+#define LZ4_VERSION_RELEASE  1    /* for tweaks, bug-fixes, or development */
+#define LZ4_VERSION_NUMBER (LZ4_VERSION_MAJOR *100*100 + LZ4_VERSION_MINOR *100 + LZ4_VERSION_RELEASE)
+int LZ4_versionNumber (void);
+
+/**************************************
+*  Tuning parameter
+**************************************/
+/*
+ * LZ4_MEMORY_USAGE :
+ * Memory usage formula : N->2^N Bytes (examples : 10 -> 1KB; 12 -> 4KB ; 16 -> 64KB; 20 -> 1MB; etc.)
+ * Increasing memory usage improves compression ratio
+ * Reduced memory usage can improve speed, due to cache effect
+ * Default value is 14, for 16KB, which nicely fits into Intel x86 L1 cache
+ */
+#define LZ4_MEMORY_USAGE 14
+
+
+/**************************************
+*  Simple Functions
+**************************************/
+
+int LZ4_compress_default(const char* source, char* dest, int sourceSize, int maxDestSize);
+int LZ4_decompress_safe (const char* source, char* dest, int compressedSize, int maxDecompressedSize);
+
+/*
+LZ4_compress_default() :
+    Compresses 'sourceSize' bytes from buffer 'source'
+    into already allocated 'dest' buffer of size 'maxDestSize'.
+    Compression is guaranteed to succeed if 'maxDestSize' >= LZ4_compressBound(sourceSize).
+    It also runs faster, so it's a recommended setting.
+    If the function cannot compress 'source' into a more limited 'dest' budget,
+    compression stops *immediately*, and the function result is zero.
+    As a consequence, 'dest' content is not valid.
+    This function never writes outside 'dest' buffer, nor read outside 'source' buffer.
+        sourceSize  : Max supported value is LZ4_MAX_INPUT_VALUE
+        maxDestSize : full or partial size of buffer 'dest' (which must be already allocated)
+        return : the number of bytes written into buffer 'dest' (necessarily <= maxOutputSize)
+              or 0 if compression fails
+
+LZ4_decompress_safe() :
+    compressedSize : is the precise full size of the compressed block.
+    maxDecompressedSize : is the size of destination buffer, which must be already allocated.
+    return : the number of bytes decompressed into destination buffer (necessarily <= maxDecompressedSize)
+             If destination buffer is not large enough, decoding will stop and output an error code (<0).
+             If the source stream is detected malformed, the function will stop decoding and return a negative result.
+             This function is protected against buffer overflow exploits, including malicious data packets.
+             It never writes outside output buffer, nor reads outside input buffer.
+*/
+
+
+/**************************************
+*  Advanced Functions
+**************************************/
+#define LZ4_MAX_INPUT_SIZE        0x7E000000   /* 2 113 929 216 bytes */
+#define LZ4_COMPRESSBOUND(isize)  ((unsigned)(isize) > (unsigned)LZ4_MAX_INPUT_SIZE ? 0 : (isize) + ((isize)/255) + 16)
+
+/*
+LZ4_compressBound() :
+    Provides the maximum size that LZ4 compression may output in a "worst case" scenario (input data not compressible)
+    This function is primarily useful for memory allocation purposes (destination buffer size).
+    Macro LZ4_COMPRESSBOUND() is also provided for compilation-time evaluation (stack memory allocation for example).
+    Note that LZ4_compress_default() compress faster when dest buffer size is >= LZ4_compressBound(srcSize)
+        inputSize  : max supported value is LZ4_MAX_INPUT_SIZE
+        return : maximum output size in a "worst case" scenario
+              or 0, if input size is too large ( > LZ4_MAX_INPUT_SIZE)
+*/
+int LZ4_compressBound(int inputSize);
+
+/*
+LZ4_compress_fast() :
+    Same as LZ4_compress_default(), but allows to select an "acceleration" factor.
+    The larger the acceleration value, the faster the algorithm, but also the lesser the compression.
+    It's a trade-off. It can be fine tuned, with each successive value providing roughly +~3% to speed.
+    An acceleration value of "1" is the same as regular LZ4_compress_default()
+    Values <= 0 will be replaced by ACCELERATION_DEFAULT (see lz4.c), which is 1.
+*/
+int LZ4_compress_fast (const char* source, char* dest, int sourceSize, int maxDestSize, int acceleration);
+
+
+/*
+LZ4_compress_fast_extState() :
+    Same compression function, just using an externally allocated memory space to store compression state.
+    Use LZ4_sizeofState() to know how much memory must be allocated,
+    and allocate it on 8-bytes boundaries (using malloc() typically).
+    Then, provide it as 'void* state' to compression function.
+*/
+int LZ4_sizeofState(void);
+int LZ4_compress_fast_extState (void* state, const char* source, char* dest, int inputSize, int maxDestSize, int acceleration);
+
+
+/*
+LZ4_compress_destSize() :
+    Reverse the logic, by compressing as much data as possible from 'source' buffer
+    into already allocated buffer 'dest' of size 'targetDestSize'.
+    This function either compresses the entire 'source' content into 'dest' if it's large enough,
+    or fill 'dest' buffer completely with as much data as possible from 'source'.
+        *sourceSizePtr : will be modified to indicate how many bytes where read from 'source' to fill 'dest'.
+                         New value is necessarily <= old value.
+        return : Nb bytes written into 'dest' (necessarily <= targetDestSize)
+              or 0 if compression fails
+*/
+int LZ4_compress_destSize (const char* source, char* dest, int* sourceSizePtr, int targetDestSize);
+
+
+/*
+LZ4_decompress_fast() :
+    originalSize : is the original and therefore uncompressed size
+    return : the number of bytes read from the source buffer (in other words, the compressed size)
+             If the source stream is detected malformed, the function will stop decoding and return a negative result.
+             Destination buffer must be already allocated. Its size must be a minimum of 'originalSize' bytes.
+    note : This function fully respect memory boundaries for properly formed compressed data.
+           It is a bit faster than LZ4_decompress_safe().
+           However, it does not provide any protection against intentionally modified data stream (malicious input).
+           Use this function in trusted environment only (data to decode comes from a trusted source).
+*/
+int LZ4_decompress_fast (const char* source, char* dest, int originalSize);
+
+/*
+LZ4_decompress_safe_partial() :
+    This function decompress a compressed block of size 'compressedSize' at position 'source'
+    into destination buffer 'dest' of size 'maxDecompressedSize'.
+    The function tries to stop decompressing operation as soon as 'targetOutputSize' has been reached,
+    reducing decompression time.
+    return : the number of bytes decoded in the destination buffer (necessarily <= maxDecompressedSize)
+       Note : this number can be < 'targetOutputSize' should the compressed block to decode be smaller.
+             Always control how many bytes were decoded.
+             If the source stream is detected malformed, the function will stop decoding and return a negative result.
+             This function never writes outside of output buffer, and never reads outside of input buffer. It is therefore protected against malicious data packets
+*/
+int LZ4_decompress_safe_partial (const char* source, char* dest, int compressedSize, int targetOutputSize, int maxDecompressedSize);
+
+
+/***********************************************
+*  Streaming Compression Functions
+***********************************************/
+#define LZ4_STREAMSIZE_U64 ((1 << (LZ4_MEMORY_USAGE-3)) + 4)
+#define LZ4_STREAMSIZE     (LZ4_STREAMSIZE_U64 * sizeof(long long))
+/*
+ * LZ4_stream_t
+ * information structure to track an LZ4 stream.
+ * important : init this structure content before first use !
+ * note : only allocated directly the structure if you are statically linking LZ4
+ *        If you are using liblz4 as a DLL, please use below construction methods instead.
+ */
+typedef struct { long long table[LZ4_STREAMSIZE_U64]; } LZ4_stream_t;
+
+/*
+ * LZ4_resetStream
+ * Use this function to init an allocated LZ4_stream_t structure
+ */
+void LZ4_resetStream (LZ4_stream_t* streamPtr);
+
+/*
+ * LZ4_createStream will allocate and initialize an LZ4_stream_t structure
+ * LZ4_freeStream releases its memory.
+ * In the context of a DLL (liblz4), please use these methods rather than the static struct.
+ * They are more future proof, in case of a change of LZ4_stream_t size.
+ */
+LZ4_stream_t* LZ4_createStream(void);
+int           LZ4_freeStream (LZ4_stream_t* streamPtr);
+
+/*
+ * LZ4_loadDict
+ * Use this function to load a static dictionary into LZ4_stream.
+ * Any previous data will be forgotten, only 'dictionary' will remain in memory.
+ * Loading a size of 0 is allowed.
+ * Return : dictionary size, in bytes (necessarily <= 64 KB)
+ */
+int LZ4_loadDict (LZ4_stream_t* streamPtr, const char* dictionary, int dictSize);
+
+/*
+ * LZ4_compress_fast_continue
+ * Compress buffer content 'src', using data from previously compressed blocks as dictionary to improve compression ratio.
+ * Important : Previous data blocks are assumed to still be present and unmodified !
+ * 'dst' buffer must be already allocated.
+ * If maxDstSize >= LZ4_compressBound(srcSize), compression is guaranteed to succeed, and runs faster.
+ * If not, and if compressed data cannot fit into 'dst' buffer size, compression stops, and function returns a zero.
+ */
+int LZ4_compress_fast_continue (LZ4_stream_t* streamPtr, const char* src, char* dst, int srcSize, int maxDstSize, int acceleration);
+
+/*
+ * LZ4_saveDict
+ * If previously compressed data block is not guaranteed to remain available at its memory location
+ * save it into a safer place (char* safeBuffer)
+ * Note : you don't need to call LZ4_loadDict() afterwards,
+ *        dictionary is immediately usable, you can therefore call LZ4_compress_fast_continue()
+ * Return : saved dictionary size in bytes (necessarily <= dictSize), or 0 if error
+ */
+int LZ4_saveDict (LZ4_stream_t* streamPtr, char* safeBuffer, int dictSize);
+
+
+/************************************************
+*  Streaming Decompression Functions
+************************************************/
+
+#define LZ4_STREAMDECODESIZE_U64  4
+#define LZ4_STREAMDECODESIZE     (LZ4_STREAMDECODESIZE_U64 * sizeof(unsigned long long))
+typedef struct { unsigned long long table[LZ4_STREAMDECODESIZE_U64]; } LZ4_streamDecode_t;
+/*
+ * LZ4_streamDecode_t
+ * information structure to track an LZ4 stream.
+ * init this structure content using LZ4_setStreamDecode or memset() before first use !
+ *
+ * In the context of a DLL (liblz4) please prefer usage of construction methods below.
+ * They are more future proof, in case of a change of LZ4_streamDecode_t size in the future.
+ * LZ4_createStreamDecode will allocate and initialize an LZ4_streamDecode_t structure
+ * LZ4_freeStreamDecode releases its memory.
+ */
+LZ4_streamDecode_t* LZ4_createStreamDecode(void);
+int                 LZ4_freeStreamDecode (LZ4_streamDecode_t* LZ4_stream);
+
+/*
+ * LZ4_setStreamDecode
+ * Use this function to instruct where to find the dictionary.
+ * Setting a size of 0 is allowed (same effect as reset).
+ * Return : 1 if OK, 0 if error
+ */
+int LZ4_setStreamDecode (LZ4_streamDecode_t* LZ4_streamDecode, const char* dictionary, int dictSize);
+
+/*
+*_continue() :
+    These decoding functions allow decompression of multiple blocks in "streaming" mode.
+    Previously decoded blocks *must* remain available at the memory position where they were decoded (up to 64 KB)
+    In the case of a ring buffers, decoding buffer must be either :
+    - Exactly same size as encoding buffer, with same update rule (block boundaries at same positions)
+      In which case, the decoding & encoding ring buffer can have any size, including very small ones ( < 64 KB).
+    - Larger than encoding buffer, by a minimum of maxBlockSize more bytes.
+      maxBlockSize is implementation dependent. It's the maximum size you intend to compress into a single block.
+      In which case, encoding and decoding buffers do not need to be synchronized,
+      and encoding ring buffer can have any size, including small ones ( < 64 KB).
+    - _At least_ 64 KB + 8 bytes + maxBlockSize.
+      In which case, encoding and decoding buffers do not need to be synchronized,
+      and encoding ring buffer can have any size, including larger than decoding buffer.
+    Whenever these conditions are not possible, save the last 64KB of decoded data into a safe buffer,
+    and indicate where it is saved using LZ4_setStreamDecode()
+*/
+int LZ4_decompress_safe_continue (LZ4_streamDecode_t* LZ4_streamDecode, const char* source, char* dest, int compressedSize, int maxDecompressedSize);
+int LZ4_decompress_fast_continue (LZ4_streamDecode_t* LZ4_streamDecode, const char* source, char* dest, int originalSize);
+
+
+/*
+Advanced decoding functions :
+*_usingDict() :
+    These decoding functions work the same as
+    a combination of LZ4_setStreamDecode() followed by LZ4_decompress_x_continue()
+    They are stand-alone. They don't need nor update an LZ4_streamDecode_t structure.
+*/
+int LZ4_decompress_safe_usingDict (const char* source, char* dest, int compressedSize, int maxDecompressedSize, const char* dictStart, int dictSize);
+int LZ4_decompress_fast_usingDict (const char* source, char* dest, int originalSize, const char* dictStart, int dictSize);
+
+
+
+/**************************************
+*  Obsolete Functions
+**************************************/
+/* Deprecate Warnings */
+/* Should these warnings messages be a problem,
+   it is generally possible to disable them,
+   with -Wno-deprecated-declarations for gcc
+   or _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS in Visual for example.
+   You can also define LZ4_DEPRECATE_WARNING_DEFBLOCK. */
+#ifndef LZ4_DEPRECATE_WARNING_DEFBLOCK
+#  define LZ4_DEPRECATE_WARNING_DEFBLOCK
+#  define LZ4_GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__ * 100 + __GNUC_MINOR__)
+#  if (LZ4_GCC_VERSION >= 405) || defined(__clang__)
+#    define LZ4_DEPRECATED(message) __attribute__((deprecated(message)))
+#  elif (LZ4_GCC_VERSION >= 301)
+#    define LZ4_DEPRECATED(message) __attribute__((deprecated))
+#  elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#    define LZ4_DEPRECATED(message) __declspec(deprecated(message))
+#  else
+#    pragma message("WARNING: You need to implement LZ4_DEPRECATED for this compiler")
+#    define LZ4_DEPRECATED(message)
+#  endif
+#endif /* LZ4_DEPRECATE_WARNING_DEFBLOCK */
+
+/* Obsolete compression functions */
+/* These functions are planned to start generate warnings by r131 approximately */
+int LZ4_compress               (const char* source, char* dest, int sourceSize);
+int LZ4_compress_limitedOutput (const char* source, char* dest, int sourceSize, int maxOutputSize);
+int LZ4_compress_withState               (void* state, const char* source, char* dest, int inputSize);
+int LZ4_compress_limitedOutput_withState (void* state, const char* source, char* dest, int inputSize, int maxOutputSize);
+int LZ4_compress_continue                (LZ4_stream_t* LZ4_streamPtr, const char* source, char* dest, int inputSize);
+int LZ4_compress_limitedOutput_continue  (LZ4_stream_t* LZ4_streamPtr, const char* source, char* dest, int inputSize, int maxOutputSize);
+
+/* Obsolete decompression functions */
+/* These function names are completely deprecated and must no longer be used.
+   They are only provided here for compatibility with older programs.
+    - LZ4_uncompress is the same as LZ4_decompress_fast
+    - LZ4_uncompress_unknownOutputSize is the same as LZ4_decompress_safe
+   These function prototypes are now disabled; uncomment them only if you really need them.
+   It is highly recommended to stop using these prototypes and migrate to maintained ones */
+/* int LZ4_uncompress (const char* source, char* dest, int outputSize); */
+/* int LZ4_uncompress_unknownOutputSize (const char* source, char* dest, int isize, int maxOutputSize); */
+
+/* Obsolete streaming functions; use new streaming interface whenever possible */
+LZ4_DEPRECATED("use LZ4_createStream() instead") void* LZ4_create (char* inputBuffer);
+LZ4_DEPRECATED("use LZ4_createStream() instead") int   LZ4_sizeofStreamState(void);
+LZ4_DEPRECATED("use LZ4_resetStream() instead")  int   LZ4_resetStreamState(void* state, char* inputBuffer);
+LZ4_DEPRECATED("use LZ4_saveDict() instead")     char* LZ4_slideInputBuffer (void* state);
+
+/* Obsolete streaming decoding functions */
+LZ4_DEPRECATED("use LZ4_decompress_safe_usingDict() instead") int LZ4_decompress_safe_withPrefix64k (const char* src, char* dst, int compressedSize, int maxDstSize);
+LZ4_DEPRECATED("use LZ4_decompress_fast_usingDict() instead") int LZ4_decompress_fast_withPrefix64k (const char* src, char* dst, int originalSize);
+
+
+#if defined (__cplusplus)
+}
+#endif

include/gtkwave/wavealloca.h

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1999 Tony Bybell.
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+ * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+ * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+ * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+ * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
+ * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+ * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef WAVE_ALLOCA_H
+#define WAVE_ALLOCA_H
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#ifdef HAVE_ALLOCA_H
+#include <alloca.h>
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#ifndef __MINGW32__
+#ifndef alloca
+#define alloca __builtin_alloca
+#endif
+#else
+#include <malloc.h>
+#endif
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#include <malloc.h>
+#define alloca _alloca
+#endif
+#define wave_alloca alloca
+#endif
+

include/verilated.mk.in

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 ######################################################################
 # DESCRIPTION: Makefile commands for all verilated target files
 #
-# Copyright 2003-2016 by Wilson Snyder. Verilator is free software; you can
+# Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. Verilator is free software; you can
 # redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU Lesser
 # General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
 ######################################################################
@@ -16,14 +16,20 @@ RANLIB = ranlib
 CFG_WITH_CCWARN = @CFG_WITH_CCWARN@
 CFG_WITH_LONGTESTS = @CFG_WITH_LONGTESTS@
 
+# Select newest language
+CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST = @CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST@
+# Select oldest language (for Verilator internal testing only)
+CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_OLDEST = @CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_OLDEST@
 # Compiler flags to use to turn off unused and generated code warnings, such as -Wno-div-by-zero
 CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED = @CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED@
+# Compiler flags that turn on extra warnings
+CFG_CXXFLAGS_WEXTRA = @CFG_CXXFLAGS_WEXTRA@
+# Linker libraries for multithreading
+CFG_LDLIBS_THREADS = @CFG_LDLIBS_THREADS@
 
 ######################################################################
 # Programs
 
-SP_PREPROC	= sp_preproc
-SP_INCLUDER	= $(VERILATOR_INCLUDER)
 VERILATOR_COVERAGE = $(PERL) $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator_coverage
 VERILATOR_INCLUDER = $(PERL) $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/bin/verilator_includer
 
@@ -42,15 +48,13 @@ VK_CPPFLAGS_ALWAYS += \
 		-MMD \
 		-I$(VERILATOR_ROOT)/include \
 		-I$(VERILATOR_ROOT)/include/vltstd \
-		-DVL_PRINTF=printf \
 		-DVM_COVERAGE=$(VM_COVERAGE) \
 		-DVM_SC=$(VM_SC) \
 		-DVM_TRACE=$(VM_TRACE) \
 		$(CFG_CXXFLAGS_NO_UNUSED) \
 
 ifeq ($(CFG_WITH_CCWARN),yes)	# Local... Else don't burden users
-VK_CPPFLAGS_WALL += -Wall \
-		-Werror
+VK_CPPFLAGS_WALL += -Wall $(CFG_CXXFLAGS_WEXTRA) -Werror
 endif
 
 CPPFLAGS += -I. $(VK_CPPFLAGS_WALL) $(VK_CPPFLAGS_ALWAYS)
@@ -93,9 +97,9 @@ VM_CLASSES += $(VM_CLASSES_FAST) $(VM_CLASSES_SLOW)
 VM_SUPPORT += $(VM_SUPPORT_FAST) $(VM_SUPPORT_SLOW)
 
 #######################################################################
-##### SystemC or SystemPerl builds
+##### SystemC builds
 
-ifeq ($(VM_SP_OR_SC),1)
+ifeq ($(VM_SC),1)
   CPPFLAGS += $(SYSTEMC_CXX_FLAGS) -I$(SYSTEMC_INCLUDE)
   LDFLAGS  += $(SYSTEMC_CXX_FLAGS) -L$(SYSTEMC_LIBDIR)
   SC_LIBS   = -lsystemc
@@ -106,24 +110,35 @@ ifeq ($(VM_SP_OR_SC),1)
 endif
 
 #######################################################################
-##### SystemPerl builds
+##### Threaded builds
 
-ifeq ($(VM_SP),1)
-  CPPFLAGS += -I$(SYSTEMPERL_INCLUDE) -DSYSTEMPERL
-  VPATH    +=   $(SYSTEMPERL_INCLUDE)
-  LIBS   += -lm -lstdc++
-
-  VK_CLASSES_SP = $(addsuffix .sp, $(VM_CLASSES))
-
-  # This rule is called manually by the upper level makefile
-  preproc:
-	 @echo "      SP Preprocess" $(basename $(VM_CLASSES)) ...
-	 $(SP_PREPROC) -M sp_preproc.d --tree $(VM_PREFIX).sp_tree \
-		--preproc $(VK_CLASSES_SP)
-else
-  preproc:
+ifneq ($(VM_THREADS),0)
+ ifneq ($(VM_THREADS),)
+  CPPFLAGS += -DVL_THREADED
+  VK_LIBS_THREADED=1
+ endif
 endif
 
+ifneq ($(VM_TRACE_THREADED),0)
+ ifneq ($(VM_TRACE_THREADED),)
+  CPPFLAGS += -DVL_TRACE_THREADED
+  VK_LIBS_THREADED=1
+ endif
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(VK_LIBS_THREADED),0)
+ ifneq ($(VK_LIBS_THREADED),)
+  # Need C++11 at least, so always default to newest
+  CPPFLAGS += $(CFG_CXXFLAGS_STD_NEWEST)
+  LDLIBS += $(CFG_LDLIBS_THREADS)
+ endif
+endif
+
+#######################################################################
+##### Stub
+
+preproc:
+
 #######################################################################
 ##### C/H builds
 
@@ -156,25 +171,26 @@ else
 endif
 
 $(VM_PREFIX)__ALL.a: $(VK_OBJS)
-	@echo "      Archiving" $@ ...
-	$(AR) r $@ $^
+	$(AR) -cr $@ $^
 	$(RANLIB) $@
 
 ######################################################################
 ### Compile rules
 
 ifneq ($(VM_DEFAULT_RULES),0)
-$(VM_PREFIX)__ALLsup.o: $(VM_PREFIX)__ALLsup.cpp
-	$(OBJCACHE) $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(OPT_SLOW) -c -o $@ $<
-
 $(VM_PREFIX)__ALLcls.o: $(VM_PREFIX)__ALLcls.cpp
 	$(OBJCACHE) $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(OPT_FAST) -c -o $@ $<
 
-$(VM_PREFIX)%__Slow.o: $(VM_PREFIX)%__Slow.cpp
+$(VM_PREFIX)__ALLsup.o: $(VM_PREFIX)__ALLsup.cpp
 	$(OBJCACHE) $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(OPT_SLOW) -c -o $@ $<
 
-$(VM_PREFIX)%.o: $(VM_PREFIX)%.cpp
+# VM_GLOBAL_FAST files including verilated.o use this rule
+%.o: %.cpp
 	$(OBJCACHE) $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(OPT_FAST) -c -o $@ $<
+
+%__Slow.o: %__Slow.cpp
+	$(OBJCACHE) $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(OPT_SLOW) -c -o $@ $<
+
 endif
 
 #Default rule embedded in make:
@@ -186,14 +202,19 @@ endif
 
 debug-make::
 	@echo
+	@echo CXXFLAGS: $(CXXFLAGS)
+	@echo CPPFLAGS: $(CPPFLAGS)
+	@echo OPT_FAST: $(OPT_FAST)
+	@echo OPT_SLOW: $(OPT_SLOW)
 	@echo VM_PREFIX:  $(VM_PREFIX)
+	@echo VM_PARALLEL_BUILDS:  $(VM_PARALLEL_BUILDS)
 	@echo VM_CLASSES_FAST: $(VM_CLASSES_FAST)
 	@echo VM_CLASSES_SLOW: $(VM_CLASSES_SLOW)
 	@echo VM_SUPPORT_FAST: $(VM_SUPPORT_FAST)
 	@echo VM_SUPPORT_SLOW: $(VM_SUPPORT_SLOW)
 	@echo VM_GLOBAL_FAST: $(VM_GLOBAL_FAST)
 	@echo VM_GLOBAL_SLOW: $(VM_GLOBAL_SLOW)
-	@echo CPPFLAGS: $(CPPFLAGS)
+	@echo VK_OBJS: $(VK_OBJS)
 	@echo
 
 ######################################################################

include/verilated.v

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 //*************************************************************************
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
+// Code available from: https://verilator.org
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 //
-// Copyright 2003-2016 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+// Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
 // redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 // Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License.
 // Version 2.0.
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 //=========================================================================
 //
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Include in verilog files to hide verilator defines
-
+
 `ifdef _VERILATED_V_ `else
  `define _VERILATED_V_ 1
 
@@ -29,4 +29,4 @@
  // Hide file descriptor difference - deprecated - for older versions
  `define verilator_file_descriptor integer
 
-`endif // guard
+`endif  // guard

include/verilated_config.h.in

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // -*- mode: C++; c-file-style: "cc-mode" -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 //
-// Copyright 2003-2016 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+// Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
 // redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 // Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License.
 // Version 2.0.
@@ -16,10 +16,10 @@
 /// \file
 /// \brief Verilator: Auto version information include for all Verilated C files
 ///
-/// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
+/// Code available from: https://verilator.org
 ///
 //*************************************************************************
-
+
 
 ///**** Product and Version name
 

include/verilated_cov.cpp

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 //
 // THIS MODULE IS PUBLICLY LICENSED
 //
-// Copyright 2001-2016 by Wilson Snyder.  This program is free software;
+// Copyright 2001-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  This program is free software;
 // you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 // Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
 //
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@
 #include "verilated_cov.h"
 #include "verilated_cov_key.h"
 
-#include <map>
 #include <deque>
 #include <fstream>
+#include <map>
 
 //=============================================================================
 // VerilatedCovImpBase
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@
 
 struct VerilatedCovImpBase {
     // TYPES
-    enum { MAX_KEYS = 33 };		/// Maximum user arguments + filename+lineno
-    enum { KEY_UNDEF = 0 };		/// Magic key # for unspecified values
+    enum { MAX_KEYS = 33 };  /// Maximum user arguments + filename+lineno
+    enum { KEY_UNDEF = 0 };  /// Magic key # for unspecified values
 };
 
 //=============================================================================
@@ -45,15 +45,15 @@ struct VerilatedCovImpBase {
 class VerilatedCovImpItem : VerilatedCovImpBase {
 public:  // But only local to this file
     // MEMBERS
-    int	m_keys[MAX_KEYS];		///< Key
-    int	m_vals[MAX_KEYS];		///< Value for specified key
+    int m_keys[MAX_KEYS];  ///< Key
+    int m_vals[MAX_KEYS];  ///< Value for specified key
     // CONSTRUCTORS
     // Derived classes should call zero() in their constructor
     VerilatedCovImpItem() {
-	for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; i++) {
-	    m_keys[i]=KEY_UNDEF;
-	    m_vals[i]=0;
-	}
+        for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; ++i) {
+            m_keys[i] = KEY_UNDEF;
+            m_vals[i] = 0;
+        }
     }
     virtual ~VerilatedCovImpItem() {}
     virtual vluint64_t count() const = 0;
@@ -69,14 +69,15 @@ public:  // But only local to this file
 template <class T> class VerilatedCoverItemSpec : public VerilatedCovImpItem {
 private:
     // MEMBERS
-    T*	m_countp;	///< Count value
+    T*  m_countp;  ///< Count value
 public:
     // METHODS
+    // cppcheck-suppress truncLongCastReturn
     virtual vluint64_t count() const { return *m_countp; }
     virtual void zero() const { *m_countp = 0; }
     // CONSTRUCTORS
     // cppcheck-suppress noExplicitConstructor
-    VerilatedCoverItemSpec(T* countp) : m_countp(countp) { zero(); }
+    VerilatedCoverItemSpec(T* countp) : m_countp(countp) { *m_countp = 0; }
     virtual ~VerilatedCoverItemSpec() {}
 };
 
@@ -89,365 +90,383 @@ public:
 class VerilatedCovImp : VerilatedCovImpBase {
 private:
     // TYPES
-    typedef map<string,int> ValueIndexMap;
-    typedef map<int,string> IndexValueMap;
-    typedef deque<VerilatedCovImpItem*> ItemList;
+    typedef std::map<std::string,int> ValueIndexMap;
+    typedef std::map<int,std::string> IndexValueMap;
+    typedef std::deque<VerilatedCovImpItem*> ItemList;
 
 private:
     // MEMBERS
-    ValueIndexMap	m_valueIndexes;		///< For each key/value a unique arbitrary index value
-    IndexValueMap	m_indexValues;		///< For each key/value a unique arbitrary index value
-    ItemList		m_items;		///< List of all items
+    VerilatedMutex      m_mutex;  ///< Protects all members, when VL_THREADED. Wrapper deals with setting it.
+    ValueIndexMap       m_valueIndexes VL_GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);  ///< For each key/value a unique arbitrary index value
+    IndexValueMap       m_indexValues VL_GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);  ///< For each key/value a unique arbitrary index value
+    ItemList            m_items VL_GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);  ///< List of all items
 
-    VerilatedCovImpItem*	m_insertp;	///< Item about to insert
-    const char*		m_insertFilenamep;	///< Filename about to insert
-    int			m_insertLineno;		///< Line number about to insert
+    VerilatedCovImpItem* m_insertp VL_GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);  ///< Item about to insert
+    const char*         m_insertFilenamep VL_GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);  ///< Filename about to insert
+    int                 m_insertLineno VL_GUARDED_BY(m_mutex);  ///< Line number about to insert
 
     // CONSTRUCTORS
     VerilatedCovImp() {
-	m_insertp = NULL;
-	m_insertFilenamep = NULL;
-	m_insertLineno = 0;
+        m_insertp = NULL;
+        m_insertFilenamep = NULL;
+        m_insertLineno = 0;
     }
+    VL_UNCOPYABLE(VerilatedCovImp);
 public:
-    ~VerilatedCovImp() { clear(); }
-    static VerilatedCovImp& imp() {
-	static VerilatedCovImp s_singleton;
-	return s_singleton;
+    ~VerilatedCovImp() { clearGuts(); }
+    static VerilatedCovImp& imp() VL_MT_SAFE {
+        static VerilatedCovImp s_singleton;
+        return s_singleton;
     }
 
 private:
     // PRIVATE METHODS
-    int valueIndex(const string& value) {
-	static int nextIndex = KEY_UNDEF+1;
-	ValueIndexMap::iterator iter = m_valueIndexes.find(value);
-	if (iter != m_valueIndexes.end()) return iter->second;
-	nextIndex++;  assert(nextIndex>0);
-	m_valueIndexes.insert(make_pair(value, nextIndex));
-	m_indexValues.insert(make_pair(nextIndex, value));
-	return nextIndex;
+    int valueIndex(const std::string& value) VL_REQUIRES(m_mutex) {
+        static int nextIndex = KEY_UNDEF+1;
+        ValueIndexMap::iterator iter = m_valueIndexes.find(value);
+        if (iter != m_valueIndexes.end()) return iter->second;
+        nextIndex++;  assert(nextIndex>0);
+        m_valueIndexes.insert(std::make_pair(value, nextIndex));
+        m_indexValues.insert(std::make_pair(nextIndex, value));
+        return nextIndex;
     }
-    string dequote(const string& text) {
-	// Quote any special characters
-	string rtn;
-	for (const char* pos = text.c_str(); *pos; pos++) {
-	    if (!isprint(*pos) || *pos=='%' || *pos=='"') {
-		char hex[10]; sprintf(hex,"%%%02X",pos[0]);
-		rtn += hex;
-	    } else {
-		rtn += *pos;
-	    }
-	}
-	return rtn;
+    static std::string dequote(const std::string& text) VL_PURE {
+        // Quote any special characters
+        std::string rtn;
+        for (const char* pos = text.c_str(); *pos; ++pos) {
+            if (!isprint(*pos) || *pos=='%' || *pos=='"') {
+                char hex[10]; sprintf(hex, "%%%02X", pos[0]);
+                rtn += hex;
+            } else {
+                rtn += *pos;
+            }
+        }
+        return rtn;
     }
-    bool legalKey(const string& key) {
-	// Because we compress long keys to a single letter, and
-	// don't want applications to either get confused if they use
-	// a letter differently, nor want them to rely on our compression...
-	// (Considered using numeric keys, but will remain back compatible.)
-	if (key.length()<2) return false;
-	if (key.length()==2 && isdigit(key[1])) return false;
-	return true;
+    static bool legalKey(const std::string& key) VL_PURE {
+        // Because we compress long keys to a single letter, and
+        // don't want applications to either get confused if they use
+        // a letter differently, nor want them to rely on our compression...
+        // (Considered using numeric keys, but will remain back compatible.)
+        if (key.length()<2) return false;
+        if (key.length()==2 && isdigit(key[1])) return false;
+        return true;
     }
-    string keyValueFormatter (const string& key, const string& value) {
-	string name;
-	if (key.length()==1 && isalpha(key[0])) {
-	    name += string("\001")+key;
-	} else {
-	    name += string("\001")+dequote(key);
-	}
-	name += string("\002")+dequote(value);
-	return name;
+    static std::string keyValueFormatter(const std::string& key, const std::string& value) VL_PURE {
+        std::string name;
+        if (key.length()==1 && isalpha(key[0])) {
+            name += std::string("\001")+key;
+        } else {
+            name += std::string("\001")+dequote(key);
+        }
+        name += std::string("\002")+dequote(value);
+        return name;
     }
-    string combineHier (const string& old, const string& add) {
-	// (foo.a.x, foo.b.x) => foo.*.x
-	// (foo.a.x, foo.b.y) => foo.*
-	// (foo.a.x, foo.b)   => foo.*
-	if (old == add) return add;
-	if (old == "") return add;
-	if (add == "") return old;
+    static std::string combineHier(const std::string& old, const std::string& add) VL_PURE {
+        // (foo.a.x, foo.b.x) => foo.*.x
+        // (foo.a.x, foo.b.y) => foo.*
+        // (foo.a.x, foo.b)   => foo.*
+        if (old == add) return add;
+        if (old.empty()) return add;
+        if (add.empty()) return old;
 
-	const char* a = old.c_str();
-	const char* b = add.c_str();
+        const char* a = old.c_str();
+        const char* b = add.c_str();
 
-	// Scan forward to first mismatch
-	const char* apre = a;
-	const char* bpre = b;
-	while (*apre == *bpre) { apre++; bpre++; }
+        // Scan forward to first mismatch
+        const char* apre = a;
+        const char* bpre = b;
+        while (*apre == *bpre) { apre++; bpre++; }
 
-	// We used to backup and split on only .'s but it seems better to be verbose
-	// and not assume . is the separator
-	string prefix = string(a,apre-a);
+        // We used to backup and split on only .'s but it seems better to be verbose
+        // and not assume . is the separator
+        std::string prefix = std::string(a, apre-a);
 
-	// Scan backward to last mismatch
-	const char* apost = a+strlen(a)-1;
-	const char* bpost = b+strlen(b)-1;
-	while (*apost == *bpost
-	       && apost>apre && bpost>bpre) { apost--; bpost--; }
+        // Scan backward to last mismatch
+        const char* apost = a+strlen(a)-1;
+        const char* bpost = b+strlen(b)-1;
+        while (*apost == *bpost
+               && apost>apre && bpost>bpre) { apost--; bpost--; }
 
-	// Forward to . so we have a whole word
-	string suffix = *bpost ? string(bpost+1) : "";
+        // Forward to . so we have a whole word
+        std::string suffix = *bpost ? std::string(bpost+1) : "";
 
-	string out = prefix+"*"+suffix;
+        std::string out = prefix+"*"+suffix;
 
-	//cout << "\nch pre="<<prefix<<"  s="<<suffix<<"\nch a="<<old<<"\nch b="<<add<<"\nch o="<<out<<endl;
-	return out;
+        //cout << "\nch pre="<<prefix<<"  s="<<suffix<<"\nch a="<<old<<"\nch b="<<add<<"\nch o="<<out<<endl;
+        return out;
     }
-    bool itemMatchesString(VerilatedCovImpItem* itemp, const string& match) {
-	for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; i++) {
-	    if (itemp->m_keys[i] != KEY_UNDEF) {
-		// We don't compare keys, only values
-		string val = m_indexValues[itemp->m_vals[i]];
-		if (string::npos != val.find(match)) {  // Found
-		    return true;
-		}
-	    }
-	}
-	return false;
+    bool itemMatchesString(VerilatedCovImpItem* itemp, const std::string& match) VL_REQUIRES(m_mutex) {
+        for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; ++i) {
+            if (itemp->m_keys[i] != KEY_UNDEF) {
+                // We don't compare keys, only values
+                std::string val = m_indexValues[itemp->m_vals[i]];
+                if (std::string::npos != val.find(match)) {  // Found
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
     }
-    void selftest() {
-	// Little selftest
-	if (combineHier ("a.b.c","a.b.c")	!="a.b.c") vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
-	if (combineHier ("a.b.c","a.b")		!="a.b*") vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
-	if (combineHier ("a.x.c","a.y.c")	!="a.*.c") vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
-	if (combineHier ("a.z.z.z.c","a.b.c")	!="a.*.c") vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
-	if (combineHier ("z","a")		!="*") vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
-	if (combineHier ("q.a","q.b")		!="q.*") vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
-	if (combineHier ("q.za","q.zb")		!="q.z*") vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
-	if (combineHier ("1.2.3.a","9.8.7.a")	!="*.a") vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
+    static void selftest() VL_MT_SAFE {
+        // Little selftest
+        if (combineHier("a.b.c","a.b.c")     !="a.b.c") VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
+        if (combineHier("a.b.c","a.b")       !="a.b*") VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
+        if (combineHier("a.x.c","a.y.c")     !="a.*.c") VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
+        if (combineHier("a.z.z.z.c","a.b.c") !="a.*.c") VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
+        if (combineHier("z","a")             !="*") VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
+        if (combineHier("q.a","q.b")         !="q.*") VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
+        if (combineHier("q.za","q.zb")       !="q.z*") VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
+        if (combineHier("1.2.3.a","9.8.7.a") !="*.a") VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__,__LINE__,"","%Error: selftest\n");
+    }
+    void clearGuts() VL_REQUIRES(m_mutex) {
+        for (ItemList::const_iterator it=m_items.begin(); it!=m_items.end(); ++it) {
+            VerilatedCovImpItem* itemp = *(it);
+            delete itemp;
+        }
+        m_items.clear();
+        m_indexValues.clear();
+        m_valueIndexes.clear();
     }
 
 public:
     // PUBLIC METHODS
-    void clear() {
-	for (ItemList::iterator it=m_items.begin(); it!=m_items.end(); ++it) {
-	    VerilatedCovImpItem* itemp = *(it);
-	    delete itemp;
-	}
-	m_items.clear();
-	m_indexValues.clear();
-	m_valueIndexes.clear();
+    void clear() VL_EXCLUDES(m_mutex) {
+        Verilated::quiesce();
+        VerilatedLockGuard lock(m_mutex);
+        clearGuts();
     }
-    void clearNonMatch (const char* matchp) {
-	if (matchp && matchp[0]) {
-	    ItemList newlist;
-	    for (ItemList::iterator it=m_items.begin(); it!=m_items.end(); ++it) {
-		VerilatedCovImpItem* itemp = *(it);
-		if (!itemMatchesString(itemp, matchp)) {
-		    delete itemp;
-		} else {
-		    newlist.push_back(itemp);
-		}
-	    }
-	    m_items = newlist;
-	}
+    void clearNonMatch(const char* matchp) VL_EXCLUDES(m_mutex) {
+        Verilated::quiesce();
+        VerilatedLockGuard lock(m_mutex);
+        if (matchp && matchp[0]) {
+            ItemList newlist;
+            for (ItemList::iterator it=m_items.begin(); it!=m_items.end(); ++it) {
+                VerilatedCovImpItem* itemp = *(it);
+                if (!itemMatchesString(itemp, matchp)) {
+                    delete itemp;
+                } else {
+                    newlist.push_back(itemp);
+                }
+            }
+            m_items = newlist;
+        }
     }
-    void zero() {
-	for (ItemList::iterator it=m_items.begin(); it!=m_items.end(); ++it) {
-	    (*it)->zero();
-	}
+    void zero() VL_EXCLUDES(m_mutex) {
+        Verilated::quiesce();
+        VerilatedLockGuard lock(m_mutex);
+        for (ItemList::const_iterator it=m_items.begin(); it!=m_items.end(); ++it) {
+            (*it)->zero();
+        }
     }
 
     // We assume there's always call to i/f/p in that order
-    void inserti (VerilatedCovImpItem* itemp) {
-	assert(!m_insertp);
- 	m_insertp = itemp;
+    void inserti(VerilatedCovImpItem* itemp) VL_EXCLUDES(m_mutex) {
+        VerilatedLockGuard lock(m_mutex);
+        assert(!m_insertp);
+        m_insertp = itemp;
     }
-    void insertf (const char* filenamep, int lineno) {
-	m_insertFilenamep = filenamep;
-	m_insertLineno = lineno;
+    void insertf(const char* filenamep, int lineno) VL_EXCLUDES(m_mutex) {
+        VerilatedLockGuard lock(m_mutex);
+        m_insertFilenamep = filenamep;
+        m_insertLineno = lineno;
     }
-    void insertp (const char* ckeyps[MAX_KEYS],
-		  const char* valps[MAX_KEYS]) {
-	assert(m_insertp);
-	// First two key/vals are filename
-	ckeyps[0]="filename";	valps[0]=m_insertFilenamep;
-	string linestr = vlCovCvtToStr(m_insertLineno);
-	ckeyps[1]="lineno";	valps[1]=linestr.c_str();
-	// Default page if not specified
-	const char* fnstartp = m_insertFilenamep;
-	while (const char* foundp = strchr(fnstartp,'/')) fnstartp=foundp+1;
-	const char* fnendp = fnstartp;
-	while (*fnendp && *fnendp!='.') fnendp++;
-	string page_default = "sp_user/"+string(fnstartp,fnendp-fnstartp);
-	ckeyps[2]="page";	valps[2]=page_default.c_str();
+    void insertp(const char* ckeyps[MAX_KEYS],
+                 const char* valps[MAX_KEYS]) VL_EXCLUDES(m_mutex) {
+        VerilatedLockGuard lock(m_mutex);
+        assert(m_insertp);
+        // First two key/vals are filename
+        ckeyps[0]="filename";   valps[0]=m_insertFilenamep;
+        std::string linestr = vlCovCvtToStr(m_insertLineno);
+        ckeyps[1]="lineno";     valps[1]=linestr.c_str();
+        // Default page if not specified
+        const char* fnstartp = m_insertFilenamep;
+        while (const char* foundp = strchr(fnstartp,'/')) fnstartp = foundp+1;
+        const char* fnendp = fnstartp;
+        while (*fnendp && *fnendp!='.') fnendp++;
+        std::string page_default = "sp_user/"+std::string(fnstartp, fnendp-fnstartp);
+        ckeyps[2]="page";       valps[2]=page_default.c_str();
 
-	// Keys -> strings
-	string keys[MAX_KEYS];
-	for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; i++) {
-	    if (ckeyps[i] && ckeyps[i][0]) {
-		keys[i] = ckeyps[i];
-	    }
-	}
-	// Ignore empty keys
-	for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; i++) {
-	    if (keys[i]!="") {
-		for (int j=i+1; j<MAX_KEYS; j++) {
-		    if (keys[i] == keys[j]) {  // Duplicate key.  Keep the last one
-			keys[i] = "";
-			break;
-		    }
-		}
-	    }
-	}
-	// Insert the values
-	int addKeynum=0;
-	for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; i++) {
-	    const string key = keys[i];
-	    if (keys[i]!="") {
-		const string val = valps[i];
-		//cout<<"   "<<__FUNCTION__<<"  "<<key<<" = "<<val<<endl;
-		m_insertp->m_keys[addKeynum] = valueIndex(key);
-		m_insertp->m_vals[addKeynum] = valueIndex(val);
-		addKeynum++;
-		if (!legalKey(key)) {
-		    string msg = "%Error: Coverage keys of one character, or letter+digit are illegal: "+key;
-		    vl_fatal("",0,"",msg.c_str());
-		}
-	    }
-	}
-	m_items.push_back(m_insertp);
-	// Prepare for next
-	m_insertp = NULL;
+        // Keys -> strings
+        std::string keys[MAX_KEYS];
+        for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; ++i) {
+            if (ckeyps[i] && ckeyps[i][0]) {
+                keys[i] = ckeyps[i];
+            }
+        }
+        // Ignore empty keys
+        for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; ++i) {
+            if (!keys[i].empty()) {
+                for (int j=i+1; j<MAX_KEYS; ++j) {
+                    if (keys[i] == keys[j]) {  // Duplicate key.  Keep the last one
+                        keys[i] = "";
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // Insert the values
+        int addKeynum = 0;
+        for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; ++i) {
+            const std::string key = keys[i];
+            if (!keys[i].empty()) {
+                const std::string val = valps[i];
+                //cout<<"   "<<__FUNCTION__<<"  "<<key<<" = "<<val<<endl;
+                m_insertp->m_keys[addKeynum] = valueIndex(key);
+                m_insertp->m_vals[addKeynum] = valueIndex(val);
+                addKeynum++;
+                if (!legalKey(key)) {
+                    std::string msg
+                        = ("%Error: Coverage keys of one character, or letter+digit are illegal: "
+                           +key);
+                    VL_FATAL_MT("", 0, "", msg.c_str());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        m_items.push_back(m_insertp);
+        // Prepare for next
+        m_insertp = NULL;
     }
 
-    void write (const char* filename) {
+    void write(const char* filename) VL_EXCLUDES(m_mutex) {
+        Verilated::quiesce();
+        VerilatedLockGuard lock(m_mutex);
 #ifndef VM_COVERAGE
-	vl_fatal("",0,"","%Error: Called VerilatedCov::write when VM_COVERAGE disabled\n");
+        VL_FATAL_MT("", 0, "", "%Error: Called VerilatedCov::write when VM_COVERAGE disabled\n");
 #endif
-	selftest();
+        selftest();
 
-	ofstream os (filename);
-	if (os.fail()) {
-	    string msg = (string)"%Error: Can't write '"+filename+"'";
-	    vl_fatal("",0,"",msg.c_str());
-	    return;
-	}
-	os << "# SystemC::Coverage-3\n";
+        std::ofstream os(filename);
+        if (os.fail()) {
+            std::string msg = std::string("%Error: Can't write '")+filename+"'";
+            VL_FATAL_MT("", 0, "", msg.c_str());
+            return;
+        }
+        os << "# SystemC::Coverage-3\n";
 
-	// Build list of events; totalize if collapsing hierarchy
-	typedef map<string,pair<string,vluint64_t> >	EventMap;
-	EventMap	eventCounts;
-	for (ItemList::iterator it=m_items.begin(); it!=m_items.end(); ++it) {
-	    VerilatedCovImpItem* itemp = *(it);
-	    string name;
-	    string hier;
-	    bool per_instance = false;
+        // Build list of events; totalize if collapsing hierarchy
+        typedef std::map<std::string,std::pair<std::string,vluint64_t> > EventMap;
+        EventMap eventCounts;
+        for (ItemList::iterator it=m_items.begin(); it!=m_items.end(); ++it) {
+            VerilatedCovImpItem* itemp = *(it);
+            std::string name;
+            std::string hier;
+            bool per_instance = false;
 
-	    for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; i++) {
-		if (itemp->m_keys[i] != KEY_UNDEF) {
-		    string key = VerilatedCovKey::shortKey(m_indexValues[itemp->m_keys[i]]);
-		    string val = m_indexValues[itemp->m_vals[i]];
-		    if (key == VL_CIK_PER_INSTANCE) {
-			if (val != "0") per_instance = true;
-		    }
-		    if (key == VL_CIK_HIER) {
-			hier = val;
-		    } else {
-			// Print it
-			name += keyValueFormatter(key,val);
-		    }
-		}
-	    }
-	    if (per_instance) {  // Not collapsing hierarchies
-		name += keyValueFormatter(VL_CIK_HIER,hier);
-		hier = "";
-	    }
+            for (int i=0; i<MAX_KEYS; ++i) {
+                if (itemp->m_keys[i] != KEY_UNDEF) {
+                    std::string key = VerilatedCovKey::shortKey(m_indexValues[itemp->m_keys[i]]);
+                    std::string val = m_indexValues[itemp->m_vals[i]];
+                    if (key == VL_CIK_PER_INSTANCE) {
+                        if (val != "0") per_instance = true;
+                    }
+                    if (key == VL_CIK_HIER) {
+                        hier = val;
+                    } else {
+                        // Print it
+                        name += keyValueFormatter(key, val);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (per_instance) {  // Not collapsing hierarchies
+                name += keyValueFormatter(VL_CIK_HIER, hier);
+                hier = "";
+            }
 
-	    // Group versus point labels don't matter here, downstream
-	    // deals with it.  Seems bad for sizing though and doesn't
-	    // allow easy addition of new group codes (would be
-	    // inefficient)
+            // Group versus point labels don't matter here, downstream
+            // deals with it.  Seems bad for sizing though and doesn't
+            // allow easy addition of new group codes (would be
+            // inefficient)
 
-	    // Find or insert the named event
-	    EventMap::iterator cit = eventCounts.find(name);
-	    if (cit != eventCounts.end()) {
-		const string& oldhier = cit->second.first;
-		cit->second.second += itemp->count();
-		cit->second.first  = combineHier(oldhier, hier);
-	    } else {
-		eventCounts.insert(make_pair(name, make_pair(hier,itemp->count())));
-	    }
-	}
+            // Find or insert the named event
+            EventMap::iterator cit = eventCounts.find(name);
+            if (cit != eventCounts.end()) {
+                const std::string& oldhier = cit->second.first;
+                cit->second.second += itemp->count();
+                cit->second.first  = combineHier(oldhier, hier);
+            } else {
+                eventCounts.insert(std::make_pair(name, make_pair(hier, itemp->count())));
+            }
+        }
 
-	// Output body
-	for (EventMap::iterator it=eventCounts.begin(); it!=eventCounts.end(); ++it) {
-	    os<<"C '"<<dec;
-	    os<<it->first;
-	    if (it->second.first != "") os<<keyValueFormatter(VL_CIK_HIER,it->second.first);
-	    os<<"' "<<it->second.second;
-	    os<<endl;
-	}
+        // Output body
+        for (EventMap::const_iterator it=eventCounts.begin(); it!=eventCounts.end(); ++it) {
+            os<<"C '"<<std::dec;
+            os<<it->first;
+            if (!it->second.first.empty()) os<<keyValueFormatter(VL_CIK_HIER, it->second.first);
+            os<<"' "<<it->second.second;
+            os<<std::endl;
+        }
     }
 };
 
 //=============================================================================
 // VerilatedCov
 
-void VerilatedCov::clear() {
+void VerilatedCov::clear() VL_MT_SAFE {
     VerilatedCovImp::imp().clear();
 }
-void VerilatedCov::clearNonMatch (const char* matchp) {
+void VerilatedCov::clearNonMatch(const char* matchp) VL_MT_SAFE {
     VerilatedCovImp::imp().clearNonMatch(matchp);
 }
-void VerilatedCov::zero() {
+void VerilatedCov::zero() VL_MT_SAFE {
     VerilatedCovImp::imp().zero();
 }
-void VerilatedCov::write (const char* filenamep) {
+void VerilatedCov::write(const char* filenamep) VL_MT_SAFE {
     VerilatedCovImp::imp().write(filenamep);
 }
-void VerilatedCov::_inserti (vluint32_t* itemp) {
+void VerilatedCov::_inserti(vluint32_t* itemp) VL_MT_SAFE {
     VerilatedCovImp::imp().inserti(new VerilatedCoverItemSpec<vluint32_t>(itemp));
 }
-void VerilatedCov::_inserti (vluint64_t* itemp) {
+void VerilatedCov::_inserti(vluint64_t* itemp) VL_MT_SAFE {
     VerilatedCovImp::imp().inserti(new VerilatedCoverItemSpec<vluint64_t>(itemp));
 }
-void VerilatedCov::_insertf (const char* filename, int lineno) {
-    VerilatedCovImp::imp().insertf(filename,lineno);
+void VerilatedCov::_insertf(const char* filename, int lineno) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    VerilatedCovImp::imp().insertf(filename, lineno);
 }
 
 #define K(n) const char* key ## n
-#define A(n) const char* key ## n, const char* val ## n		// Argument list
-#define C(n) key ## n, val ## n	// Calling argument list
-#define N(n) "",""	// Null argument list
-void VerilatedCov::_insertp (A(0),A(1),A(2),A(3),A(4),A(5),A(6),A(7),A(8),A(9),
-			     A(10),A(11),A(12),A(13),A(14),A(15),A(16),A(17),A(18),A(19),
-			     A(20),A(21),A(22),A(23),A(24),A(25),A(26),A(27),A(28),A(29)) {
+#define A(n) const char* key ## n, const char* valp ## n  // Argument list
+#define C(n) key ## n, valp ## n  // Calling argument list
+#define N(n) "",""  // Null argument list
+void VerilatedCov::_insertp(A(0),A(1),A(2),A(3),A(4),A(5),A(6),A(7),A(8),A(9),
+                            A(10),A(11),A(12),A(13),A(14),A(15),A(16),A(17),A(18),A(19),
+                            A(20),A(21),A(22),A(23),A(24),A(25),A(26),A(27),A(28),A(29)) VL_MT_SAFE {
     const char* keyps[VerilatedCovImpBase::MAX_KEYS]
-	= {NULL,NULL,NULL,	// filename,lineno,page
-	   key0,key1,key2,key3,key4,key5,key6,key7,key8,key9,
-	   key10,key11,key12,key13,key14,key15,key16,key17,key18,key19,
-	   key20,key21,key22,key23,key24,key25,key26,key27,key28,key29};
+        = {NULL,NULL,NULL,  // filename,lineno,page
+           key0,key1,key2,key3,key4,key5,key6,key7,key8,key9,
+           key10,key11,key12,key13,key14,key15,key16,key17,key18,key19,
+           key20,key21,key22,key23,key24,key25,key26,key27,key28,key29};
     const char* valps[VerilatedCovImpBase::MAX_KEYS]
-	= {NULL,NULL,NULL,	// filename,lineno,page
-	   val0,val1,val2,val3,val4,val5,val6,val7,val8,val9,
-	   val10,val11,val12,val13,val14,val15,val16,val17,val18,val19,
-	   val20,val21,val22,val23,val24,val25,val26,val27,val28,val29};
+        = {NULL,NULL,NULL,  // filename,lineno,page
+           valp0,valp1,valp2,valp3,valp4,valp5,valp6,valp7,valp8,valp9,
+           valp10,valp11,valp12,valp13,valp14,valp15,valp16,valp17,valp18,valp19,
+           valp20,valp21,valp22,valp23,valp24,valp25,valp26,valp27,valp28,valp29};
     VerilatedCovImp::imp().insertp(keyps, valps);
 }
 
 // And versions with fewer arguments  (oh for a language with named parameters!)
-void VerilatedCov::_insertp (A(0),A(1),A(2),A(3),A(4),A(5),A(6),A(7),A(8),A(9)) {
+void VerilatedCov::_insertp(A(0),A(1),A(2),A(3),A(4),A(5),A(6),A(7),A(8),A(9)) VL_MT_SAFE {
     _insertp(C(0),C(1),C(2),C(3),C(4),C(5),C(6),C(7),C(8),C(9),
-	     N(10),N(11),N(12),N(13),N(14),N(15),N(16),N(17),N(18),N(19),
-	     N(20),N(21),N(22),N(23),N(24),N(25),N(26),N(27),N(28),N(29));
+             N(10),N(11),N(12),N(13),N(14),N(15),N(16),N(17),N(18),N(19),
+             N(20),N(21),N(22),N(23),N(24),N(25),N(26),N(27),N(28),N(29));
 }
-void VerilatedCov::_insertp (A(0),A(1),A(2),A(3),A(4),A(5),A(6),A(7),A(8),A(9),
-			     A(10),A(11),A(12),A(13),A(14),A(15),A(16),A(17),A(18),A(19)) {
+void VerilatedCov::_insertp(A(0),A(1),A(2),A(3),A(4),A(5),A(6),A(7),A(8),A(9),
+                            A(10),A(11),A(12),A(13),A(14),A(15),A(16),A(17),A(18),A(19)) VL_MT_SAFE {
     _insertp(C(0),C(1),C(2),C(3),C(4),C(5),C(6),C(7),C(8),C(9),
-	     C(10),C(11),C(12),C(13),C(14),C(15),C(16),C(17),C(18),C(19),
-	     N(20),N(21),N(22),N(23),N(24),N(25),N(26),N(27),N(28),N(29));
+             C(10),C(11),C(12),C(13),C(14),C(15),C(16),C(17),C(18),C(19),
+             N(20),N(21),N(22),N(23),N(24),N(25),N(26),N(27),N(28),N(29));
 }
 // Backward compatibility for Verilator
-void VerilatedCov::_insertp (A(0), A(1),  K(2),int val2,  K(3),int val3,
-			     K(4),const string& val4,  A(5),A(6)) {
-    string val2str = vlCovCvtToStr(val2);
-    string val3str = vlCovCvtToStr(val3);
+void VerilatedCov::_insertp(A(0), A(1),  K(2),int val2,  K(3),int val3,
+                            K(4),const std::string& val4,  A(5),A(6)) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    std::string val2str = vlCovCvtToStr(val2);
+    std::string val3str = vlCovCvtToStr(val3);
     _insertp(C(0),C(1),
-	     key2,val2str.c_str(),  key3,val3str.c_str(),  key4, val4.c_str(),
-	     C(5),C(6),N(7),N(8),N(9),
-	     N(10),N(11),N(12),N(13),N(14),N(15),N(16),N(17),N(18),N(19),
-	     N(20),N(21),N(22),N(23),N(24),N(25),N(26),N(27),N(28),N(29));
+             key2,val2str.c_str(),  key3,val3str.c_str(),  key4, val4.c_str(),
+             C(5),C(6),N(7),N(8),N(9),
+             N(10),N(11),N(12),N(13),N(14),N(15),N(16),N(17),N(18),N(19),
+             N(20),N(21),N(22),N(23),N(24),N(25),N(26),N(27),N(28),N(29));
 }
 #undef A
 #undef C

include/verilated_cov.h

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 //
 // THIS MODULE IS PUBLICLY LICENSED
 //
-// Copyright 2001-2016 by Wilson Snyder.  This program is free software;
+// Copyright 2001-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  This program is free software;
 // you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 // Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
 //
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 #include <iostream>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
-using namespace std;
 
 //=============================================================================
 /// Conditionally compile coverage code
@@ -45,37 +44,37 @@ using namespace std;
 /// The value may be a string, or another type which will be auto-converted to a string.
 ///
 /// Some typical keys:
-///	filename	File the recording occurs in.  Defaults to __FILE__
-///	lineno		Line number the recording occurs in.  Defaults to __LINE__
-///	column		Column number (or occurrence# for dup file/lines).  Defaults to undef.
-///	hier		Hierarchical name.  Defaults to name()
-///	type		Type of coverage.  Defaults to "user"
-///			Other types are 'block', 'fsm', 'toggle'.
-///	comment		Description of the coverage event.  Should be set by the user.
-///			Comments for type==block: 'if', 'else', 'elsif', 'case'
-///	thresh		Threshold to consider fully covered.
-///			If unspecified, downstream tools will determine it.
+///     filename        File the recording occurs in.  Defaults to __FILE__
+///     lineno          Line number the recording occurs in.  Defaults to __LINE__
+///     column          Column number (or occurrence# for dup file/lines).  Defaults to undef.
+///     hier            Hierarchical name.  Defaults to name()
+///     type            Type of coverage.  Defaults to "user"
+///                     Other types are 'block', 'fsm', 'toggle'.
+///     comment         Description of the coverage event.  Should be set by the user.
+///                     Comments for type==block: 'if', 'else', 'elsif', 'case'
+///     thresh          Threshold to consider fully covered.
+///                     If unspecified, downstream tools will determine it.
 ///
 /// Examples:
 ///
-///	vluint32_t m_cases[10];
-///	constructor {
-///	    for (int i=0; i<10; i++) { m_cases[i]=0; }
+///     vluint32_t m_cases[10];
+///     constructor {
+///         for (int i=0; i<10; ++i) { m_cases[i]=0; }
+///     }
+///     for (int i=0; i<10; ++i) {
+///             VL_COVER_INSERT(&m_cases[i], "comment", "Coverage Case", "i", cvtToNumStr(i));
 ///     }
-///	for (int i=0; i<10; i++) {
-///		VL_COVER_INSERT(&m_cases[i], "comment", "Coverage Case", "i", cvtToNumStr(i));
-///	}
 
 #define VL_COVER_INSERT(countp,args...) \
-    VL_IF_COVER(VerilatedCov::_inserti(countp);	\
-		VerilatedCov::_insertf(__FILE__,__LINE__);	\
-		VerilatedCov::_insertp("hier", name(), args))
+    VL_IF_COVER(VerilatedCov::_inserti(countp); \
+                VerilatedCov::_insertf(__FILE__, __LINE__); \
+                VerilatedCov::_insertp("hier", name(), args))
 
 //=============================================================================
 /// Convert VL_COVER_INSERT value arguments to strings
 
-template< class T> std::string vlCovCvtToStr (const T& t) {
-    ostringstream os; os<<t; return os.str();
+template< class T> std::string vlCovCvtToStr(const T& t) VL_PURE {
+    std::ostringstream os; os<<t; return os.str();
 }
 
 //=============================================================================
@@ -83,49 +82,51 @@ template< class T> std::string vlCovCvtToStr (const T& t) {
 ///  Verilator coverage global class
 ////
 /// Global class with methods affecting all coverage data.
+/// All public methods in this class are thread safe.
 
 class VerilatedCov {
+    VL_UNCOPYABLE(VerilatedCov);
 public:
     // GLOBAL METHODS
     /// Return default filename
-    static const char* defaultFilename() { return "coverage.dat"; }
+    static const char* defaultFilename() VL_PURE { return "coverage.dat"; }
     /// Write all coverage data to a file
-    static void write (const char* filenamep = defaultFilename());
+    static void write(const char* filenamep = defaultFilename()) VL_MT_SAFE;
     /// Insert a coverage item
     /// We accept from 1-30 key/value pairs, all as strings.
     /// Call _insert1, followed by _insert2 and _insert3
     /// Do not call directly; use VL_COVER_INSERT or higher level macros instead
     // _insert1: Remember item pointer with count.  (Not const, as may add zeroing function)
-    static void _inserti (vluint32_t* itemp);
-    static void _inserti (vluint64_t* itemp);
+    static void _inserti(vluint32_t* itemp) VL_MT_SAFE;
+    static void _inserti(vluint64_t* itemp) VL_MT_SAFE;
     // _insert2: Set default filename and line number
-    static void _insertf (const char* filename, int lineno);
+    static void _insertf(const char* filename, int lineno) VL_MT_SAFE;
     // _insert3: Set parameters
     // We could have just the maximum argument version, but this compiles
     // much slower (nearly 2x) than having smaller versions also.  However
     // there's not much more gain in having a version for each number of args.
 #define K(n) const char* key ## n
-#define A(n) const char* key ## n, const char* valp ## n	// Argument list
-#define D(n) const char* key ## n = NULL, const char* valp ## n = NULL	// Argument list
-    static void _insertp (D(0),D(1),D(2),D(3),D(4),D(5),D(6),D(7),D(8),D(9));
-    static void _insertp (A(0),A(1),A(2),A(3),A(4),A(5),A(6),A(7),A(8),A(9)
-			  ,A(10),D(11),D(12),D(13),D(14),D(15),D(16),D(17),D(18),D(19));
-    static void _insertp (A(0),A(1),A(2),A(3),A(4),A(5),A(6),A(7),A(8),A(9)
-			  ,A(10),A(11),A(12),A(13),A(14),A(15),A(16),A(17),A(18),A(19)
-			  ,A(20),D(21),D(22),D(23),D(24),D(25),D(26),D(27),D(28),D(29));
+#define A(n) const char* key ## n, const char* valp ## n  // Argument list
+#define D(n) const char* key ## n = NULL, const char* valp ## n = NULL  // Argument list
+    static void _insertp(D(0),D(1),D(2),D(3),D(4),D(5),D(6),D(7),D(8),D(9));
+    static void _insertp(A(0),A(1),A(2),A(3),A(4),A(5),A(6),A(7),A(8),A(9)
+                         ,A(10),D(11),D(12),D(13),D(14),D(15),D(16),D(17),D(18),D(19));
+    static void _insertp(A(0),A(1),A(2),A(3),A(4),A(5),A(6),A(7),A(8),A(9)
+                         ,A(10),A(11),A(12),A(13),A(14),A(15),A(16),A(17),A(18),A(19)
+                         ,A(20),D(21),D(22),D(23),D(24),D(25),D(26),D(27),D(28),D(29));
     // Backward compatibility for Verilator
-    static void _insertp (A(0), A(1),  K(2),int val2,  K(3),int val3,
-			  K(4),const string& val4,  A(5),A(6));
+    static void _insertp(A(0), A(1),  K(2),int val2,  K(3),int val3,
+                         K(4),const std::string& val4,  A(5),A(6));
 
 #undef K
 #undef A
 #undef D
     /// Clear coverage points (and call delete on all items)
-    static void clear();
+    static void clear() VL_MT_SAFE;
     /// Clear items not matching the provided string
-    static void clearNonMatch (const char* matchp);
+    static void clearNonMatch(const char* matchp) VL_MT_SAFE;
     /// Zero coverage points
-    static void zero();
+    static void zero() VL_MT_SAFE;
 };
 
-#endif // guard
+#endif  // Guard

include/verilated_cov_key.h

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 //
 // THIS MODULE IS PUBLICLY LICENSED
 //
-// Copyright 2001-2016 by Wilson Snyder.  This program is free software;
+// Copyright 2001-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  This program is free software;
 // you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 // Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
 //
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 #include "verilatedos.h"
 
 #include <string>
-using namespace std;
 
 //=============================================================================
 // Data used to edit below file, using vlcovgen
@@ -64,12 +63,6 @@ VLCOVGEN_ITEM("name=>'row2',        short=>'r2', group=>0, default=>undef, ")
 VLCOVGEN_ITEM("name=>'row3',        short=>'r3', group=>0, default=>undef, ")
 VLCOVGEN_ITEM("name=>'weight',      short=>'w',  group=>0, default=>undef, descr=>'For totaling items, weight of this item'")
 
-//=============================================================================
-//  VerilatedCovKey
-///  Verilator coverage global class
-////
-/// Global class with methods affecting all coverage data.
-
 // VLCOVGEN_CIK_AUTO_EDIT_BEGIN
 #define VL_CIK_COL0 "c0"
 #define VL_CIK_COL0_NAME "C0"
@@ -103,43 +96,48 @@ VLCOVGEN_ITEM("name=>'weight',      short=>'w',  group=>0, default=>undef, descr
 #define VL_CIK_WEIGHT "w"
 // VLCOVGEN_CIK_AUTO_EDIT_END
 
+//=============================================================================
+// VerilatedCovKey
+/// Verilator coverage global class.
+/// This class is thread safe.
+
 class VerilatedCovKey {
 public:
-    static string shortKey(const string& key) {
-	// VLCOVGEN_SHORT_AUTO_EDIT_BEGIN
-	if (key == "col0") return VL_CIK_COL0;
-	if (key == "col0_name") return VL_CIK_COL0_NAME;
-	if (key == "col1") return VL_CIK_COL1;
-	if (key == "col1_name") return VL_CIK_COL1_NAME;
-	if (key == "col2") return VL_CIK_COL2;
-	if (key == "col2_name") return VL_CIK_COL2_NAME;
-	if (key == "col3") return VL_CIK_COL3;
-	if (key == "col3_name") return VL_CIK_COL3_NAME;
-	if (key == "column") return VL_CIK_COLUMN;
-	if (key == "comment") return VL_CIK_COMMENT;
-	if (key == "filename") return VL_CIK_FILENAME;
-	if (key == "groupcmt") return VL_CIK_GROUPCMT;
-	if (key == "groupdesc") return VL_CIK_GROUPDESC;
-	if (key == "groupname") return VL_CIK_GROUPNAME;
-	if (key == "hier") return VL_CIK_HIER;
-	if (key == "limit") return VL_CIK_LIMIT;
-	if (key == "lineno") return VL_CIK_LINENO;
-	if (key == "per_instance") return VL_CIK_PER_INSTANCE;
-	if (key == "row0") return VL_CIK_ROW0;
-	if (key == "row0_name") return VL_CIK_ROW0_NAME;
-	if (key == "row1") return VL_CIK_ROW1;
-	if (key == "row1_name") return VL_CIK_ROW1_NAME;
-	if (key == "row2") return VL_CIK_ROW2;
-	if (key == "row2_name") return VL_CIK_ROW2_NAME;
-	if (key == "row3") return VL_CIK_ROW3;
-	if (key == "row3_name") return VL_CIK_ROW3_NAME;
-	if (key == "table") return VL_CIK_TABLE;
-	if (key == "thresh") return VL_CIK_THRESH;
-	if (key == "type") return VL_CIK_TYPE;
-	if (key == "weight") return VL_CIK_WEIGHT;
-	// VLCOVGEN_SHORT_AUTO_EDIT_END
-	return key;
+    static std::string shortKey(const std::string& key) VL_PURE {
+        // VLCOVGEN_SHORT_AUTO_EDIT_BEGIN
+        if (key == "col0") return VL_CIK_COL0;
+        if (key == "col0_name") return VL_CIK_COL0_NAME;
+        if (key == "col1") return VL_CIK_COL1;
+        if (key == "col1_name") return VL_CIK_COL1_NAME;
+        if (key == "col2") return VL_CIK_COL2;
+        if (key == "col2_name") return VL_CIK_COL2_NAME;
+        if (key == "col3") return VL_CIK_COL3;
+        if (key == "col3_name") return VL_CIK_COL3_NAME;
+        if (key == "column") return VL_CIK_COLUMN;
+        if (key == "comment") return VL_CIK_COMMENT;
+        if (key == "filename") return VL_CIK_FILENAME;
+        if (key == "groupcmt") return VL_CIK_GROUPCMT;
+        if (key == "groupdesc") return VL_CIK_GROUPDESC;
+        if (key == "groupname") return VL_CIK_GROUPNAME;
+        if (key == "hier") return VL_CIK_HIER;
+        if (key == "limit") return VL_CIK_LIMIT;
+        if (key == "lineno") return VL_CIK_LINENO;
+        if (key == "per_instance") return VL_CIK_PER_INSTANCE;
+        if (key == "row0") return VL_CIK_ROW0;
+        if (key == "row0_name") return VL_CIK_ROW0_NAME;
+        if (key == "row1") return VL_CIK_ROW1;
+        if (key == "row1_name") return VL_CIK_ROW1_NAME;
+        if (key == "row2") return VL_CIK_ROW2;
+        if (key == "row2_name") return VL_CIK_ROW2_NAME;
+        if (key == "row3") return VL_CIK_ROW3;
+        if (key == "row3_name") return VL_CIK_ROW3_NAME;
+        if (key == "table") return VL_CIK_TABLE;
+        if (key == "thresh") return VL_CIK_THRESH;
+        if (key == "type") return VL_CIK_TYPE;
+        if (key == "weight") return VL_CIK_WEIGHT;
+        // VLCOVGEN_SHORT_AUTO_EDIT_END
+        return key;
     }
 };
 
-#endif // guard
+#endif  // guard

include/verilated_dpi.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // -*- mode: C++; c-file-style: "cc-mode" -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 //
-// Copyright 2009-2016 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+// Copyright 2009-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
 // redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 // Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License.
 // Version 2.0.
@@ -16,21 +16,24 @@
 /// \file
 /// \brief Verilator: DPI implementation code
 ///
-///	This file must be compiled and linked against all objects
-///	created from Verilator or called by Verilator that use the DPI.
+///     This file must be compiled and linked against all objects
+///     created from Verilator or called by Verilator that use the DPI.
 ///
-/// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
+/// Code available from: https://verilator.org
 ///
 //=========================================================================
-
+
 #define _VERILATED_DPI_CPP_
+
 #include "verilatedos.h"
 #include "verilated_dpi.h"
 #include "verilated_imp.h"
 
 // On MSVC++ we need svdpi.h to declare exports, not imports
 #define DPI_PROTOTYPES
+#undef XXTERN
 #define XXTERN DPI_EXTERN DPI_DLLESPEC
+#undef EETERN
 #define EETERN DPI_EXTERN DPI_DLLESPEC
 
 #include "vltstd/svdpi.h"
@@ -40,11 +43,15 @@
 
 // Not supported yet
 #define _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP() \
-    vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"",(string("%%Error: Unsupported DPI function: ")+VL_FUNC).c_str())
+    VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__, __LINE__, "", \
+                (std::string("%%Error: Unsupported DPI function: ")+VL_FUNC).c_str())
+
+#define _VL_SVDPI_WARN(message...) \
+    VL_PRINTF_MT(message)
 
 // Function requires a "context" in the import declaration
 #define _VL_SVDPI_CONTEXT_WARN() \
-    VL_PRINTF("%%Warning: DPI C Function called by Verilog DPI import with missing 'context' keyword.\n");
+    _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI C Function called by Verilog DPI import with missing 'context' keyword.\n");
 
 //======================================================================
 //======================================================================
@@ -58,197 +65,661 @@ const char* svDpiVersion() {
 //======================================================================
 // Bit-select utility functions.
 
-svBit svGetBitselBit(const svBitVecVal* s, int i) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+svBit svGetBitselBit(const svBitVecVal* sp, int bit) {
+    return VL_BITRSHIFT_W(sp,bit) & 1;
 }
-svLogic svGetBitselLogic(const svLogicVecVal* s, int i) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+svLogic svGetBitselLogic(const svLogicVecVal* sp, int bit) {
+    // Not VL_BITRSHIFT_W as sp is a different structure type
+    // Verilator doesn't support X/Z so only aval
+    return (((sp[VL_BITWORD_I(bit)].aval >> VL_BITBIT_I(bit)) & 1)
+            | (((sp[VL_BITWORD_I(bit)].bval >> VL_BITBIT_I(bit)) & 1)<<1));
 }
 
-void svPutBitselBit(svBitVecVal* d, int i, svBit s) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+void svPutBitselBit(svBitVecVal* dp, int bit, svBit s) {
+    VL_ASSIGNBIT_WI(32, bit, dp, s);
 }
-void svPutBitselLogic(svLogicVecVal* d, int i, svLogic s) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+void svPutBitselLogic(svLogicVecVal* dp, int bit, svLogic s) {
+    // Verilator doesn't support X/Z so only aval
+    dp[VL_BITWORD_I(bit)].aval
+        = ((dp[VL_BITWORD_I(bit)].aval & ~(VL_UL(1)<<VL_BITBIT_I(bit)))
+           | ((s&1)<<VL_BITBIT_I(bit)));
+    dp[VL_BITWORD_I(bit)].bval
+        = ((dp[VL_BITWORD_I(bit)].bval & ~(VL_UL(1)<<VL_BITBIT_I(bit)))
+           | ((s&2)>>1<<VL_BITBIT_I(bit)));
 }
 
-void svGetPartselBit(svBitVecVal* d, const svBitVecVal* s, int i, int w) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+void svGetPartselBit(svBitVecVal* dp, const svBitVecVal* sp, int lsb, int width) {
+    // See also VL_SEL_WWI
+    int msb = lsb+width-1;
+    int word_shift = VL_BITWORD_I(lsb);
+    if (VL_BITBIT_I(lsb)==0) {
+        // Just a word extract
+        for (int i=0; i<VL_WORDS_I(width); ++i) dp[i] = sp[i+word_shift];
+    } else {
+        int loffset = lsb & VL_SIZEBITS_I;
+        int nbitsfromlow = 32-loffset;  // bits that end up in lword (know loffset!=0)
+        // Middle words
+        int words = VL_WORDS_I(msb-lsb+1);
+        for (int i=0; i<words; ++i) {
+            dp[i] = sp[i+word_shift]>>loffset;
+            int upperword = i+word_shift+1;
+            if (upperword <= static_cast<int>(VL_BITWORD_I(msb))) {
+                dp[i] |= sp[upperword] << nbitsfromlow;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Clean result
+    dp[VL_WORDS_I(width)-1] &= VL_MASK_I(width);
 }
-void svGetPartselLogic(svLogicVecVal* d, const svLogicVecVal* s, int i, int w) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+void svGetPartselLogic(svLogicVecVal* dp, const svLogicVecVal* sp, int lsb, int width) {
+    int msb = lsb+width-1;
+    int word_shift = VL_BITWORD_I(lsb);
+    if (VL_BITBIT_I(lsb)==0) {
+        // Just a word extract
+        for (int i=0; i<VL_WORDS_I(width); ++i) dp[i] = sp[i+word_shift];
+    } else {
+        int loffset = lsb & VL_SIZEBITS_I;
+        int nbitsfromlow = 32-loffset;  // bits that end up in lword (know loffset!=0)
+        // Middle words
+        int words = VL_WORDS_I(msb-lsb+1);
+        for (int i=0; i<words; ++i) {
+            dp[i].aval = sp[i+word_shift].aval >> loffset;
+            dp[i].bval = sp[i+word_shift].bval >> loffset;
+            int upperword = i+word_shift+1;
+            if (upperword <= static_cast<int>(VL_BITWORD_I(msb))) {
+                dp[i].aval |= sp[upperword].aval << nbitsfromlow;
+                dp[i].bval |= sp[upperword].bval << nbitsfromlow;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // Clean result
+    dp[VL_WORDS_I(width)-1].aval &= VL_MASK_I(width);
+    dp[VL_WORDS_I(width)-1].bval &= VL_MASK_I(width);
+}
+void svPutPartselBit(svBitVecVal* dp, const svBitVecVal s, int lbit, int width) {
+    // See also _VL_INSERT_WI
+    int hbit = lbit+width-1;
+    int hoffset = VL_BITBIT_I(hbit);
+    int loffset = VL_BITBIT_I(lbit);
+    if (hoffset==VL_SIZEBITS_I && loffset==0) {
+        // Fast and common case, word based insertion
+        dp[VL_BITWORD_I(lbit)] = s;
+    }
+    else {
+        int hword = VL_BITWORD_I(hbit);
+        int lword = VL_BITWORD_I(lbit);
+        if (hword==lword) {  // know < 32 bits because above checks it
+            IData insmask = (VL_MASK_I(hoffset-loffset+1))<<loffset;
+            dp[lword] = (dp[lword] & ~insmask) | ((s<<loffset) & insmask);
+        } else {
+            IData hinsmask = (VL_MASK_I(hoffset-0+1))<<0;
+            IData linsmask = (VL_MASK_I(31-loffset+1))<<loffset;
+            int nbitsonright = 32-loffset;  // bits that end up in lword
+            dp[lword] = (dp[lword] & ~linsmask) | ((s<<loffset) & linsmask);
+            dp[hword] = (dp[hword] & ~hinsmask) | ((s>>nbitsonright) & hinsmask);
+        }
+    }
+}
+// cppcheck-suppress passedByValue
+void svPutPartselLogic(svLogicVecVal* dp, const svLogicVecVal s, int lbit, int width) {
+    int hbit = lbit+width-1;
+    int hoffset = VL_BITBIT_I(hbit);
+    int loffset = VL_BITBIT_I(lbit);
+    if (hoffset==VL_SIZEBITS_I && loffset==0) {
+        // Fast and common case, word based insertion
+        dp[VL_BITWORD_I(lbit)].aval = s.aval;
+        dp[VL_BITWORD_I(lbit)].bval = s.bval;
+    }
+    else {
+        int hword = VL_BITWORD_I(hbit);
+        int lword = VL_BITWORD_I(lbit);
+        if (hword==lword) {  // know < 32 bits because above checks it
+            IData insmask = (VL_MASK_I(hoffset-loffset+1))<<loffset;
+            dp[lword].aval = (dp[lword].aval & ~insmask) | ((s.aval<<loffset) & insmask);
+            dp[lword].bval = (dp[lword].bval & ~insmask) | ((s.bval<<loffset) & insmask);
+        } else {
+            IData hinsmask = (VL_MASK_I(hoffset-0+1))<<0;
+            IData linsmask = (VL_MASK_I(31-loffset+1))<<loffset;
+            int nbitsonright = 32-loffset;  // bits that end up in lword
+            dp[lword].aval = (dp[lword].aval & ~linsmask) | ((s.aval<<loffset) & linsmask);
+            dp[lword].bval = (dp[lword].bval & ~linsmask) | ((s.bval<<loffset) & linsmask);
+            dp[hword].aval = (dp[hword].aval & ~hinsmask) | ((s.aval>>nbitsonright) & hinsmask);
+            dp[hword].bval = (dp[hword].bval & ~hinsmask) | ((s.bval>>nbitsonright) & hinsmask);
+        }
+    }
 }
 
-void svPutPartselBit(svBitVecVal* d, const svBitVecVal s, int i, int w) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
-}
-void svPutPartselLogic(svLogicVecVal* d, const svLogicVecVal* s, int i, int w) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+//======================================================================
+// Open array internals
+
+static inline const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* _vl_openhandle_varp(const svOpenArrayHandle h) {
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!h)) {
+        VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__, __LINE__, "",
+                    "%%Error: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function called with NULL handle");
+    }
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = reinterpret_cast<const VerilatedDpiOpenVar*>(h);
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!varp->magicOk())) {
+        VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__, __LINE__, "",
+                    "%%Error: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function called with non-Verilator handle");
+    }
+    return varp;
 }
 
 //======================================================================
 // Open array querying functions
 
 int svLeft(const svOpenArrayHandle h, int d) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+    return _vl_openhandle_varp(h)->left(d);
 }
 int svRight(const svOpenArrayHandle h, int d) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+    return _vl_openhandle_varp(h)->right(d);
 }
 int svLow(const svOpenArrayHandle h, int d) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+    return _vl_openhandle_varp(h)->low(d);
 }
 int svHigh(const svOpenArrayHandle h, int d) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+    return _vl_openhandle_varp(h)->high(d);
 }
 int svIncrement(const svOpenArrayHandle h, int d) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+    return _vl_openhandle_varp(h)->increment(d);
+}
+int svSize(const svOpenArrayHandle h, int d) {
+    return _vl_openhandle_varp(h)->elements(d);
 }
 int svDimensions(const svOpenArrayHandle h) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+    return _vl_openhandle_varp(h)->udims();
 }
-
-void *svGetArrayPtr(const svOpenArrayHandle) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return NULL;
+/// Return pointer to open array data, or NULL if not in IEEE standard C layout
+void* svGetArrayPtr(const svOpenArrayHandle h) {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(h);
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!varp->isDpiStdLayout())) return NULL;
+    return varp->datap();
 }
-
-int svSizeOfArray(const svOpenArrayHandle) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
-}
-
-void *svGetArrElemPtr(const svOpenArrayHandle, int indx1, ...) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return NULL;
-}
-void *svGetArrElemPtr1(const svOpenArrayHandle, int indx1) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return NULL;
-}
-void *svGetArrElemPtr2(const svOpenArrayHandle, int indx1, int indx2) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return NULL;
-}
-void *svGetArrElemPtr3(const svOpenArrayHandle, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return NULL;
+/// Return size of open array, or 0 if not in IEEE standard C layout
+int svSizeOfArray(const svOpenArrayHandle h) {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(h);
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!varp->isDpiStdLayout())) return 0;
+    // Truncate 64 bits to int; DPI is limited to 4GB
+    return static_cast<int>(varp->totalSize());
 }
 
 //======================================================================
-// s=source, d=destination
-// From user space into simulator storage
+// Open array access internals
+
+static void* _vl_sv_adjusted_datap(const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp,
+                                   int nargs, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
+    void* datap = varp->datap();
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(nargs != varp->udims())) {
+        _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function called on"
+                       " %d dimensional array using %d dimensional function.\n",
+                       varp->udims(), nargs);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    if (nargs>=1) {
+        datap = varp->datapAdjustIndex(datap, 1, indx1);
+        if (VL_UNLIKELY(!datap)) {
+            _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function index 1 out of bounds; %d outside [%d:%d].\n",
+                           indx1, varp->left(1), varp->right(1));
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+    if (nargs>=2) {
+        datap = varp->datapAdjustIndex(datap, 2, indx2);
+        if (VL_UNLIKELY(!datap)) {
+            _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function index 2 out of bounds; %d outside [%d:%d].\n",
+                           indx2, varp->left(2), varp->right(2));
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+    if (nargs>=3) {
+        datap = varp->datapAdjustIndex(datap, 3, indx3);
+        if (VL_UNLIKELY(!datap)) {
+            _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function index 3 out of bounds; %d outside [%d:%d].\n",
+                           indx1, varp->left(3), varp->right(3));
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+    return datap;
+}
+
+static int _vl_sv_adjusted_bit(const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp, int indx) {
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(indx < varp->low(0) || indx > varp->high(0))) {
+        _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function packed index out of bounds; %d outside [%d:%d].\n",
+                       indx, varp->left(0), varp->right(0));
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return indx - varp->low(0);
+}
+
+/// Return pointer to simulator open array element, or NULL if outside range
+static void* _vl_svGetArrElemPtr(const svOpenArrayHandle h,
+                                 int nargs, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(h);
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!varp->isDpiStdLayout())) return NULL;
+    void* datap = _vl_sv_adjusted_datap(varp, nargs, indx1, indx2, indx3);
+    return datap;
+}
+
+/// Copy to user bit array from simulator open array
+static void _vl_svGetBitArrElemVecVal(svBitVecVal* d, const svOpenArrayHandle s,
+                                      int nargs, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(s);
+    void* datap = _vl_sv_adjusted_datap(varp, nargs, indx1, indx2, indx3);
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!datap)) return;
+    switch (varp->vltype()) {
+    case VLVT_UINT8:  d[0] = *(reinterpret_cast<CData*>(datap)); return;
+    case VLVT_UINT16: d[0] = *(reinterpret_cast<SData*>(datap)); return;
+    case VLVT_UINT32: d[0] = *(reinterpret_cast<IData*>(datap)); return;
+    case VLVT_UINT64: {
+        WData lwp[2]; VL_SET_WQ(lwp, *(reinterpret_cast<QData*>(datap)));
+        d[0] = lwp[0]; d[1] = lwp[1];
+        break;
+    }
+    case VLVT_WDATA: {
+        WDataOutP wdatap = (reinterpret_cast<WDataOutP>(datap));
+        for (int i=0; i<VL_WORDS_I(varp->packed().elements()); ++i) d[i] = wdatap[i];
+        return;
+    }
+    default:
+        _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function unsupported datatype (%d).\n",
+                       varp->vltype());
+        return;
+    }
+}
+/// Copy to user logic array from simulator open array
+static void _vl_svGetLogicArrElemVecVal(svLogicVecVal* d, const svOpenArrayHandle s,
+                                        int nargs, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(s);
+    void* datap = _vl_sv_adjusted_datap(varp, nargs, indx1, indx2, indx3);
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!datap)) return;
+    switch (varp->vltype()) {
+    case VLVT_UINT8:  d[0].aval = *(reinterpret_cast<CData*>(datap)); d[0].bval=0; return;
+    case VLVT_UINT16: d[0].aval = *(reinterpret_cast<SData*>(datap)); d[0].bval=0; return;
+    case VLVT_UINT32: d[0].aval = *(reinterpret_cast<IData*>(datap)); d[0].bval=0; return;
+    case VLVT_UINT64: {
+        WData lwp[2]; VL_SET_WQ(lwp, *(reinterpret_cast<QData*>(datap)));
+        d[0].aval = lwp[0]; d[0].bval=0;
+        d[1].aval = lwp[1]; d[0].bval=0;
+        break;
+    }
+    case VLVT_WDATA: {
+        WDataOutP wdatap = (reinterpret_cast<WDataOutP>(datap));
+        for (int i=0; i<VL_WORDS_I(varp->packed().elements()); ++i) {
+            d[i].aval = wdatap[i]; d[i].bval = 0;
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    default:
+        _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function unsupported datatype (%d).\n",
+                       varp->vltype());
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+/// Copy to simulator open array from from user bit array
+static void _vl_svPutBitArrElemVecVal(const svOpenArrayHandle d, const svBitVecVal* s,
+                                      int nargs, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(d);
+    void* datap = _vl_sv_adjusted_datap(varp, nargs, indx1, indx2, indx3);
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!datap)) return;
+    switch (varp->vltype()) {
+    case VLVT_UINT8:  *(reinterpret_cast<CData*>(datap)) = s[0]; return;
+    case VLVT_UINT16: *(reinterpret_cast<SData*>(datap)) = s[0]; return;
+    case VLVT_UINT32: *(reinterpret_cast<IData*>(datap)) = s[0]; return;
+    case VLVT_UINT64: *(reinterpret_cast<QData*>(datap)) = _VL_SET_QII(s[1], s[0]); break;
+    case VLVT_WDATA: {
+        WDataOutP wdatap = (reinterpret_cast<WDataOutP>(datap));
+        for (int i=0; i<VL_WORDS_I(varp->packed().elements()); ++i) wdatap[i] = s[i];
+        return;
+    }
+    default:
+        _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function unsupported datatype (%d).\n",
+                       varp->vltype());
+        return;
+    }
+}
+/// Copy to simulator open array from from user logic array
+static void _vl_svPutLogicArrElemVecVal(const svOpenArrayHandle d, const svLogicVecVal* s,
+                                        int nargs, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(d);
+    void* datap = _vl_sv_adjusted_datap(varp, nargs, indx1, indx2, indx3);
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!datap)) return;
+    switch (varp->vltype()) {
+    case VLVT_UINT8:  *(reinterpret_cast<CData*>(datap)) = s[0].aval; return;
+    case VLVT_UINT16: *(reinterpret_cast<SData*>(datap)) = s[0].aval; return;
+    case VLVT_UINT32: *(reinterpret_cast<IData*>(datap)) = s[0].aval; return;
+    case VLVT_UINT64: *(reinterpret_cast<QData*>(datap)) = _VL_SET_QII(s[1].aval, s[0].aval); break;
+    case VLVT_WDATA: {
+        WDataOutP wdatap = (reinterpret_cast<WDataOutP>(datap));
+        for (int i=0; i<VL_WORDS_I(varp->packed().elements()); ++i) wdatap[i] = s[i].aval;
+        return;
+    }
+    default:
+        _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function unsupported datatype (%d).\n", varp->vltype());
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+/// Return bit from simulator open array
+static svBit _vl_svGetBitArrElem(const svOpenArrayHandle s,
+                                 int nargs, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3, int indx4) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    // One extra index supported, as need bit number
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(s);
+    void* datap;
+    int lsb;
+    if (varp->packed().elements()) {
+        datap = _vl_sv_adjusted_datap(varp, nargs-1, indx1, indx2, indx3);
+        lsb = _vl_sv_adjusted_bit(varp, ((nargs==1) ? indx1
+                                         : (nargs==2) ? indx2
+                                         : (nargs==3) ? indx3
+                                         : indx4));
+    } else {
+        datap = _vl_sv_adjusted_datap(varp, nargs, indx1, indx2, indx3);
+        lsb = 0;
+    }
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!datap)) return 0;
+    switch (varp->vltype()) {
+    case VLVT_UINT8:  return (*(reinterpret_cast<CData*>(datap)) >> lsb) & 1;
+    case VLVT_UINT16: return (*(reinterpret_cast<SData*>(datap)) >> lsb) & 1;
+    case VLVT_UINT32: return (*(reinterpret_cast<IData*>(datap)) >> lsb) & 1;
+    case VLVT_UINT64: return (*(reinterpret_cast<QData*>(datap)) >> static_cast<QData>(lsb)) & VL_ULL(1);
+    case VLVT_WDATA: {
+        WDataOutP wdatap = (reinterpret_cast<WDataOutP>(datap));
+        return VL_BITRSHIFT_W(wdatap, lsb) & 1;
+    }
+    default:
+        _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function unsupported datatype (%d).\n", varp->vltype());
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+/// Update simulator open array from bit
+static void _vl_svPutBitArrElem(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svBit value,
+                                int nargs, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3, int indx4) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    // One extra index supported, as need bit number
+    value &= 1;  // Make sure clean
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(d);
+    void* datap;
+    int lsb;
+    if (varp->packed().elements()) {
+        datap = _vl_sv_adjusted_datap(varp, nargs-1, indx1, indx2, indx3);
+        lsb = _vl_sv_adjusted_bit(varp, ((nargs==1) ? indx1
+                                         : (nargs==2) ? indx2
+                                         : (nargs==3) ? indx3
+                                         : indx4));
+    } else {
+        datap = _vl_sv_adjusted_datap(varp, nargs, indx1, indx2, indx3);
+        lsb = 0;
+    }
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!datap)) return;
+    switch (varp->vltype()) {
+    case VLVT_UINT8:  VL_ASSIGNBIT_II(-1, lsb, *(reinterpret_cast<CData*>(datap)), value); return;
+    case VLVT_UINT16: VL_ASSIGNBIT_II(-1, lsb, *(reinterpret_cast<SData*>(datap)), value); return;
+    case VLVT_UINT32: VL_ASSIGNBIT_II(-1, lsb, *(reinterpret_cast<IData*>(datap)), value); return;
+    case VLVT_UINT64: VL_ASSIGNBIT_QI(-1, lsb, *(reinterpret_cast<QData*>(datap)), value); return;
+    case VLVT_WDATA:  VL_ASSIGNBIT_WI(-1, lsb, (reinterpret_cast<WDataOutP>(datap)), value); return;
+    default:
+        _VL_SVDPI_WARN("%%Warning: DPI svOpenArrayHandle function unsupported datatype (%d).\n", varp->vltype());
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+//======================================================================
+// DPI accessors that simply call above functions
+
+void* svGetArrElemPtr(const svOpenArrayHandle h, int indx1, ...) {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(h);
+    void* datap;
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, indx1);
+    // va_arg is a macro, so need temporaries as used below
+    switch (varp->udims()) {
+    case 1: datap = _vl_svGetArrElemPtr(h, 1, indx1, 0, 0); break;
+    case 2: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int);
+            datap = _vl_svGetArrElemPtr(h, 2, indx1, indx2, 0); break; }
+    case 3: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int);
+            datap = _vl_svGetArrElemPtr(h, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3); break; }
+    default: datap = _vl_svGetArrElemPtr(h, -1, 0, 0, 0); break;  // Will error
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
+    return datap;
+}
+void* svGetArrElemPtr1(const svOpenArrayHandle h, int indx1) {
+    return _vl_svGetArrElemPtr(h, 1, indx1, 0, 0);
+}
+void* svGetArrElemPtr2(const svOpenArrayHandle h, int indx1, int indx2) {
+    return _vl_svGetArrElemPtr(h, 2, indx1, indx2, 0);
+}
+void* svGetArrElemPtr3(const svOpenArrayHandle h, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
+    return _vl_svGetArrElemPtr(h, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3);
+}
 
 void svPutBitArrElemVecVal(const svOpenArrayHandle d, const svBitVecVal* s,
-			   int indx1, ...) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                           int indx1, ...) {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(d);
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, indx1);
+    switch (varp->udims()) {
+    case 1: _vl_svPutBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 1, indx1, 0, 0); break;
+    case 2: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svPutBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 2, indx1, indx2, 0); break; }
+    case 3: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svPutBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3); break; }
+    default: _vl_svPutBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, -1, 0, 0, 0); break;  // Will error
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
 }
 void svPutBitArrElem1VecVal(const svOpenArrayHandle d, const svBitVecVal* s,
-			    int indx1) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                            int indx1) {
+    _vl_svPutBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 1, indx1, 0, 0);
 }
 void svPutBitArrElem2VecVal(const svOpenArrayHandle d, const svBitVecVal* s,
-			    int indx1, int indx2) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                            int indx1, int indx2) {
+    _vl_svPutBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 2, indx1, indx2, 0);
 }
 void svPutBitArrElem3VecVal(const svOpenArrayHandle d, const svBitVecVal* s,
-			    int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                            int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
+    _vl_svPutBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3);
 }
 void svPutLogicArrElemVecVal(const svOpenArrayHandle d, const svLogicVecVal* s,
-			     int indx1, ...) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                             int indx1, ...) {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(d);
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, indx1);
+    switch (varp->udims()) {
+    case 1: _vl_svPutLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 1, indx1, 0, 0); break;
+    case 2: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svPutLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 2, indx1, indx2, 0); break; }
+    case 3: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svPutLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3); break; }
+    default: _vl_svPutLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, -1, 0, 0, 0); break;  // Will error
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
 }
 void svPutLogicArrElem1VecVal(const svOpenArrayHandle d, const svLogicVecVal* s,
-			      int indx1) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                              int indx1) {
+    _vl_svPutLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 1, indx1, 0, 0);
 }
 void svPutLogicArrElem2VecVal(const svOpenArrayHandle d, const svLogicVecVal* s,
-			      int indx1, int indx2) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                              int indx1, int indx2) {
+    _vl_svPutLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 2, indx1, indx2, 0);
 }
 void svPutLogicArrElem3VecVal(const svOpenArrayHandle d, const svLogicVecVal* s,
-			      int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                              int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
+    _vl_svPutLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3);
 }
 
 //======================================================================
 // From simulator storage into user space
 
 void svGetBitArrElemVecVal(svBitVecVal* d, const svOpenArrayHandle s,
-			   int indx1, ...) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                           int indx1, ...) {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(s);
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, indx1);
+    switch (varp->udims()) {
+    case 1: _vl_svGetBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 1, indx1, 0, 0); break;
+    case 2: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svGetBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 2, indx1, indx2, 0); break; }
+    case 3: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svGetBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3); break; }
+    default: _vl_svGetBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, -1, 0, 0, 0); break;  // Will error
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
 }
 void svGetBitArrElem1VecVal(svBitVecVal* d, const svOpenArrayHandle s,
-			    int indx1) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                            int indx1) {
+    _vl_svGetBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 1, indx1, 0, 0);
 }
 void svGetBitArrElem2VecVal(svBitVecVal* d, const svOpenArrayHandle s,
-			    int indx1, int indx2) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                            int indx1, int indx2) {
+    _vl_svGetBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 2, indx1, indx2, 0);
 }
 void svGetBitArrElem3VecVal(svBitVecVal* d, const svOpenArrayHandle s,
-			    int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                            int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
+    _vl_svGetBitArrElemVecVal(d, s, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3);
 }
 void svGetLogicArrElemVecVal(svLogicVecVal* d, const svOpenArrayHandle s,
-			     int indx1, ...) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                             int indx1, ...) {
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(s);
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, indx1);
+    switch (varp->udims()) {
+    case 1: _vl_svGetLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 1, indx1, 0, 0); break;
+    case 2: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svGetLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 2, indx1, indx2, 0); break; }
+    case 3: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svGetLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3); break; }
+    default: _vl_svGetLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, -1, 0, 0, 0); break;  // Will error
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
 }
 void svGetLogicArrElem1VecVal(svLogicVecVal* d, const svOpenArrayHandle s,
-			      int indx1) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                              int indx1) {
+    _vl_svGetLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 1, indx1, 0, 0);
 }
 void svGetLogicArrElem2VecVal(svLogicVecVal* d, const svOpenArrayHandle s,
-			      int indx1, int indx2) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                              int indx1, int indx2) {
+    _vl_svGetLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 2, indx1, indx2, 0);
 }
 void svGetLogicArrElem3VecVal(svLogicVecVal* d, const svOpenArrayHandle s,
-			      int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+                              int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
+    _vl_svGetLogicArrElemVecVal(d, s, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3);
 }
 
 svBit svGetBitArrElem(const svOpenArrayHandle s, int indx1, ...) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(s);
+    svBit out;
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, indx1);
+    switch (varp->udims()) {
+    case 1: out = _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, 1, indx1, 0, 0, 0); break;
+    case 2: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int);
+            out = _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, 2, indx1, indx2, 0, 0); break; }
+    case 3: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int);
+            out = _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3, 0); break; }
+    case 4: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int); int indx4=va_arg(ap,int);
+            out = _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, 4, indx1, indx2, indx3, indx4); break; }
+    default: out = _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0); break;  // Will error
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
+    return out;
 }
 svBit svGetBitArrElem1(const svOpenArrayHandle s, int indx1) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+    return _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, 1, indx1, 0, 0, 0);
 }
 svBit svGetBitArrElem2(const svOpenArrayHandle s, int indx1, int indx2) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+    return _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, 2, indx1, indx2, 0, 0);
 }
 svBit svGetBitArrElem3(const svOpenArrayHandle s, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return 0;
+    return _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3, 0);
 }
 svLogic svGetLogicArrElem(const svOpenArrayHandle s, int indx1, ...) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return sv_x;
+    // Verilator doesn't support X/Z so can just call Bit version
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(s);
+    svBit out;
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, indx1);
+    switch (varp->udims()) {
+    case 1: out = _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, 1, indx1, 0, 0, 0); break;
+    case 2: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int);
+            out = _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, 2, indx1, indx2, 0, 0); break; }
+    case 3: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int);
+            out = _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3, 0); break; }
+    case 4: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int); int indx4=va_arg(ap,int);
+            out = _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, 4, indx1, indx2, indx3, indx4); break; }
+    default: out = _vl_svGetBitArrElem(s, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0); break;  // Will error
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
+    return out;
 }
 svLogic svGetLogicArrElem1(const svOpenArrayHandle s, int indx1) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return sv_x;
+    // Verilator doesn't support X/Z so can just call Bit version
+    return svGetBitArrElem1(s, indx1);
 }
 svLogic svGetLogicArrElem2(const svOpenArrayHandle s, int indx1, int indx2) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return sv_x;
+    // Verilator doesn't support X/Z so can just call Bit version
+    return svGetBitArrElem2(s, indx1, indx2);
 }
 svLogic svGetLogicArrElem3(const svOpenArrayHandle s, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP(); return sv_x;
-}
-void svPutLogicArrElem(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svLogic value, int indx1, ...) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
-}
-void svPutLogicArrElem1(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svLogic value, int indx1) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
-}
-void svPutLogicArrElem2(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svLogic value, int indx1, int indx2) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
-}
-void svPutLogicArrElem3(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svLogic value, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+    // Verilator doesn't support X/Z so can just call Bit version
+    return svGetBitArrElem3(s, indx1, indx2, indx3);
 }
+
 void svPutBitArrElem(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svBit value, int indx1, ...) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(d);
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, indx1);
+    switch (varp->udims()) {
+    case 1: _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, 1, indx1, 0, 0, 0); break;
+    case 2: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, 2, indx1, indx2, 0, 0); break; }
+    case 3: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3, 0); break; }
+    case 4: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int); int indx4=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, 4, indx1, indx2, indx3, indx4); break; }
+    default: _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0); break;  // Will error
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
 }
 void svPutBitArrElem1(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svBit value, int indx1) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+    _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, 1, indx1, 0, 0, 0);
 }
 void svPutBitArrElem2(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svBit value, int indx1, int indx2) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+    _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, 2, indx1, indx2, 0, 0);
 }
 void svPutBitArrElem3(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svBit value, int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
-    _VL_SVDPI_UNIMP();
+    _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3, 0);
+}
+void svPutLogicArrElem(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svLogic value, int indx1, ...) {
+    // Verilator doesn't support X/Z so can just call Bit version
+    const VerilatedDpiOpenVar* varp = _vl_openhandle_varp(d);
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, indx1);
+    switch (varp->udims()) {
+    case 1: _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, 1, indx1, 0, 0, 0); break;
+    case 2: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, 2, indx1, indx2, 0, 0); break; }
+    case 3: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, 3, indx1, indx2, indx3, 0); break; }
+    case 4: { int indx2=va_arg(ap,int); int indx3=va_arg(ap,int); int indx4=va_arg(ap,int);
+            _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, 4, indx1, indx2, indx3, indx4); break; }
+    default: _vl_svPutBitArrElem(d, value, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0); break;  // Will error
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
+}
+void svPutLogicArrElem1(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svLogic value, int indx1) {
+    // Verilator doesn't support X/Z so can just call Bit version
+    svPutBitArrElem1(d, value, indx1);
+}
+void svPutLogicArrElem2(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svLogic value,
+                        int indx1, int indx2) {
+    // Verilator doesn't support X/Z so can just call Bit version
+    svPutBitArrElem2(d, value, indx1, indx2);
+}
+void svPutLogicArrElem3(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svLogic value,
+                        int indx1, int indx2, int indx3) {
+    // Verilator doesn't support X/Z so can just call Bit version
+    svPutBitArrElem3(d, value, indx1, indx2, indx3);
 }
 
 //======================================================================
@@ -256,26 +727,29 @@ void svPutBitArrElem3(const svOpenArrayHandle d, svBit value, int indx1, int ind
 
 svScope svGetScope() {
     if (VL_UNLIKELY(!Verilated::dpiInContext())) { _VL_SVDPI_CONTEXT_WARN(); return NULL; }
-    return (svScope)Verilated::dpiScope();
+    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(google-readability-casting)
+    return (svScope)(Verilated::dpiScope());
 }
 
 svScope svSetScope(const svScope scope) {
     const VerilatedScope* prevScopep = Verilated::dpiScope();
-    const VerilatedScope* vscopep = (const VerilatedScope*)(scope);
+    const VerilatedScope* vscopep = reinterpret_cast<const VerilatedScope*>(scope);
     Verilated::dpiScope(vscopep);
-    return (svScope)prevScopep;
+    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(google-readability-casting)
+    return (svScope)(prevScopep);
 }
 
 const char* svGetNameFromScope(const svScope scope) {
-    const VerilatedScope* vscopep = (const VerilatedScope*)(scope);
+    const VerilatedScope* vscopep = reinterpret_cast<const VerilatedScope*>(scope);
     return vscopep->name();
 }
 
 svScope svGetScopeFromName(const char* scopeName) {
-    return (svScope)VerilatedImp::scopeFind(scopeName);
+    // NOLINTNEXTLINE(google-readability-casting)
+    return (svScope)(VerilatedImp::scopeFind(scopeName));
 }
 
-int svPutUserData(const svScope scope, void *userKey, void* userData) {
+int svPutUserData(const svScope scope, void* userKey, void* userData) {
     VerilatedImp::userInsert(scope,userKey,userData);
     return 0;
 }
@@ -295,7 +769,7 @@ int svGetCallerInfo(const char** fileNamepp, int *lineNumberp) {
 // Disables
 
 int svIsDisabledState() {
-    return 0; // Disables not implemented
+    return 0;  // Disables not implemented
 }
 
 void svAckDisabledState() {

include/verilated_dpi.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // -*- mode: C++; c-file-style: "cc-mode" -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 //
-// Copyright 2003-2016 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
+// Copyright 2003-2019 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
 // redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 // Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License.
 // Version 2.0.
@@ -16,49 +16,67 @@
 /// \file
 /// \brief Verilator: Common include for all Verilated C files that use DPI
 ///
-///	This file is included automatically by Verilator at the top of
-///	all C++ files it generates where DPI is used.  It contains
-///	DPI interface functions required by the Verilated code.
+///     This file is included automatically by Verilator at the top of
+///     all C++ files it generates where DPI is used.  It contains
+///     DPI interface functions required by the Verilated code.
 ///
-/// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
+/// Code available from: https://verilator.org
 ///
 //*************************************************************************
-
 
 #ifndef _VERILATED_DPI_H_
-#define _VERILATED_DPI_H_ 1 ///< Header Guard
+#define _VERILATED_DPI_H_ 1  ///< Header Guard
+
+#include "verilatedos.h"
+#include "verilated.h"  // Also presumably included by caller
+#include "verilated_sym_props.h"
 
-#include "verilated.h"   // Presumed done by caller
 #include "svdpi.h"
 
 //===================================================================
 // SETTING OPERATORS
 
+/// Return WData from svBitVecVal
+static inline void VL_SET_W_SVBV(int obits, WDataOutP owp, const svBitVecVal* lwp) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    int words = VL_WORDS_I(obits);
+    for (int i=0; i<words-1; ++i) owp[i]=lwp[i];
+    owp[words-1] = lwp[words-1] & VL_MASK_I(obits);
+}
 /// Return svBitVecVal from WData
-static inline void VL_SET_W_SVBV(int obits, WDataOutP owp, svBitVecVal* lwp) {
+static inline void VL_SET_SVBV_W(int obits, svBitVecVal* owp, WDataInP lwp) VL_MT_SAFE {
     int words = VL_WORDS_I(obits);
-    for (int i=0; i<words-1; i++) owp[i]=lwp[i];
+    for (int i=0; i<words-1; ++i) owp[i]=lwp[i];
     owp[words-1] = lwp[words-1] & VL_MASK_I(obits);
 }
-static inline void VL_SET_SVBV_W(int obits, svBitVecVal* owp, WDataInP lwp) {
+
+/// Convert svLogicVecVal to/from WData
+/// Note these functions ignore X/Z in svLogicVecVal
+static inline void VL_SET_W_SVLV(int obits, WDataOutP owp, const svLogicVecVal* lwp) VL_MT_SAFE {
     int words = VL_WORDS_I(obits);
-    for (int i=0; i<words-1; i++) owp[i]=lwp[i];
-    owp[words-1] = lwp[words-1] & VL_MASK_I(obits);
-}
-static inline void VL_SET_W_SVLV(int obits, WDataOutP owp, svLogicVecVal* lwp) {
-    // Note we ignore X/Z in svLogicVecVal
-    int words = VL_WORDS_I(obits);
-    for (int i=0; i<words-1; i++) owp[i]=lwp[i].aval;
+    for (int i=0; i<words-1; ++i) owp[i]=lwp[i].aval;
     owp[words-1] = lwp[words-1].aval & VL_MASK_I(obits);
 }
-static inline void VL_SET_SVLV_W(int obits, svLogicVecVal* owp, WDataInP lwp) {
-    // Note we don't create X/Z in svLogicVecVal
+static inline QData VL_SET_Q_SVLV(const svLogicVecVal* lwp) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    return _VL_SET_QII(lwp[1].aval, lwp[0].aval);
+}
+static inline IData VL_SET_I_SVLV(const svLogicVecVal* lwp) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    return lwp[0].aval;
+}
+static inline void VL_SET_SVLV_W(int obits, svLogicVecVal* owp, WDataInP lwp) VL_MT_SAFE {
     int words = VL_WORDS_I(obits);
-    for (int i=0; i<words; i++) owp[i].bval=0;
-    for (int i=0; i<words-1; i++) owp[i].aval=lwp[i];
+    for (int i=0; i<words; ++i) owp[i].bval=0;
+    for (int i=0; i<words-1; ++i) owp[i].aval=lwp[i];
     owp[words-1].aval = lwp[words-1] & VL_MASK_I(obits);
 }
+static inline void VL_SET_SVLV_I(int, svLogicVecVal* owp, IData ld) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    owp[0].aval=ld; owp[0].bval=0;
+}
+static inline void VL_SET_SVLV_Q(int, svLogicVecVal* owp, QData ld) VL_MT_SAFE {
+    WData lwp[2]; VL_SET_WQ(lwp,ld);
+    owp[0].aval=lwp[0]; owp[0].bval=0;
+    owp[1].aval=lwp[1]; owp[1].bval=0;
+}
 
 //======================================================================
 
-#endif // _VERILATED_DPI_H_
+#endif  // Guard

include/verilated_fst_c.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+// -*- mode: C++; c-file-style: "cc-mode" -*-
+//=============================================================================
+//
+// THIS MODULE IS PUBLICLY LICENSED
+//
+// Copyright 2001-2019 by Wilson Snyder.  This program is free software;
+// you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+// Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
+//
+// This is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+// WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+// for more details.
+//
+//=============================================================================
+///
+/// \file
+/// \brief C++ Tracing in FST Format
+///
+//=============================================================================
+// SPDIFF_OFF
+
+#include "verilatedos.h"
+#include "verilated.h"
+#include "verilated_fst_c.h"
+
+// GTKWave configuration
+#ifdef VL_TRACE_THREADED
+# define HAVE_LIBPTHREAD
+# define FST_WRITER_PARALLEL
+#endif
+
+// Include the GTKWave implementation directly
+#define FST_CONFIG_INCLUDE "fst_config.h"
+#include "gtkwave/fastlz.c"
+#include "gtkwave/fstapi.c"
+#include "gtkwave/lz4.c"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <ctime>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
+# include <io.h>
+#else
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+//=============================================================================
+
+class VerilatedFstCallInfo {
+protected:
+    friend class VerilatedFst;
+    VerilatedFstCallback_t m_initcb;  ///< Initialization Callback function
+    VerilatedFstCallback_t m_fullcb;  ///< Full Dumping Callback function
+    VerilatedFstCallback_t m_changecb;  ///< Incremental Dumping Callback function
+    void* m_userthis;  ///< Fake "this" for caller
+    vluint32_t m_code;  ///< Starting code number
+    // CONSTRUCTORS
+    VerilatedFstCallInfo(VerilatedFstCallback_t icb, VerilatedFstCallback_t fcb,
+                         VerilatedFstCallback_t changecb,
+                         void* ut, vluint32_t code)
+        : m_initcb(icb), m_fullcb(fcb), m_changecb(changecb), m_userthis(ut), m_code(code) {}
+    ~VerilatedFstCallInfo() {}
+};
+
+//=============================================================================
+// VerilatedFst
+
+VerilatedFst::VerilatedFst(void* fst)
+    : m_fst(fst),
+      m_fullDump(true),
+      m_scopeEscape('.') {
+    m_valueStrBuffer.reserve(64+1);  // Need enough room for quad
+}
+
+void VerilatedFst::open(const char* filename) VL_MT_UNSAFE {
+    m_assertOne.check();
+    m_fst = fstWriterCreate(filename, 1);
+    fstWriterSetPackType(m_fst, FST_WR_PT_LZ4);
+#ifdef VL_TRACE_THREADED
+    fstWriterSetParallelMode(m_fst, 1);
+#endif
+    m_curScope.clear();
+
+    for (vluint32_t ent = 0; ent< m_callbacks.size(); ++ent) {
+        VerilatedFstCallInfo* cip = m_callbacks[ent];
+        cip->m_code = 1;
+        (cip->m_initcb)(this, cip->m_userthis, cip->m_code);
+    }
+
+    // Clear the scope stack
+    std::list<std::string>::iterator it = m_curScope.begin();
+    while (it != m_curScope.end()) {
+        fstWriterSetUpscope(m_fst);
+        it = m_curScope.erase(it);
+    }
+}
+
+void VerilatedFst::module(const std::string& name) {
+    m_module = name;
+}
+
+//=============================================================================
+// Decl
+
+void VerilatedFst::declDTypeEnum(int dtypenum, const char* name, vluint32_t elements,
+                                 unsigned int minValbits,
+                                 const char** itemNamesp, const char** itemValuesp) {
+    fstEnumHandle enumNum = fstWriterCreateEnumTable(m_fst, name, elements,
+                                                     minValbits, itemNamesp, itemValuesp);
+    m_local2fstdtype[dtypenum] = enumNum;
+}
+
+void VerilatedFst::declSymbol(vluint32_t code, const char* name,
+                              int dtypenum, fstVarDir vardir, fstVarType vartype,
+                              int arraynum, vluint32_t len) {
+    std::pair<Code2SymbolType::iterator, bool> p
+        = m_code2symbol.insert(std::make_pair(code, static_cast<fstHandle>(NULL)));
+    std::istringstream nameiss(name);
+    std::istream_iterator<std::string> beg(nameiss), end;
+    std::list<std::string> tokens(beg, end);  // Split name
+    std::string symbol_name(tokens.back());
+    tokens.pop_back();  // Remove symbol name from hierarchy
+    tokens.insert(tokens.begin(), m_module);  // Add current module to the hierarchy
+
+    // Find point where current and new scope diverge
+    std::list<std::string>::iterator cur_it = m_curScope.begin();
+    std::list<std::string>::iterator new_it = tokens.begin();
+    while (cur_it != m_curScope.end() && new_it != tokens.end()) {
+        if (*cur_it != *new_it)
+            break;
+        ++cur_it;
+        ++new_it;
+    }
+
+    // Go back to the common point
+    while (cur_it != m_curScope.end()) {
+        fstWriterSetUpscope(m_fst);
+        cur_it = m_curScope.erase(cur_it);
+    }
+
+    // Follow the hierarchy of the new variable from the common scope point
+    while (new_it != tokens.end()) {
+        fstWriterSetScope(m_fst, FST_ST_VCD_SCOPE, new_it->c_str(), NULL);
+        m_curScope.push_back(*new_it);
+        new_it = tokens.erase(new_it);
+    }
+
+    std::stringstream name_ss;
+    name_ss << symbol_name;
+    if (arraynum >= 0)
+        name_ss << "(" << arraynum << ")";
+    std::string name_str = name_ss.str();
+
+    if (dtypenum > 0) {
+        fstEnumHandle enumNum = m_local2fstdtype[dtypenum];
+        fstWriterEmitEnumTableRef(m_fst, enumNum);
+    }
+    if (p.second) {  // New
+        p.first->second = fstWriterCreateVar(m_fst, vartype, vardir, len, name_str.c_str(), 0);
+        assert(p.first->second);
+    } else {  // Alias
+        fstWriterCreateVar(m_fst, vartype, vardir, len, name_str.c_str(), p.first->second);
+    }
+}
+
+//=============================================================================
+// Callbacks
+
+void VerilatedFst::addCallback(
+    VerilatedFstCallback_t initcb, VerilatedFstCallback_t fullcb,
+    VerilatedFstCallback_t changecb, void* userthis) VL_MT_UNSAFE_ONE {
+    m_assertOne.check();
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(isOpen())) {
+        std::string msg = (std::string("Internal: ")+__FILE__+"::"+__FUNCTION__
+                           +" called with already open file");
+        VL_FATAL_MT(__FILE__, __LINE__, "", msg.c_str());
+    }
+    VerilatedFstCallInfo* vci = new VerilatedFstCallInfo(initcb, fullcb, changecb, userthis, 1);
+    m_callbacks.push_back(vci);
+}
+
+//=============================================================================
+// Dumping
+
+void VerilatedFst::dump(vluint64_t timeui) {
+    if (!isOpen()) return;
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(m_fullDump)) {
+        m_fullDump = false;  // No need for more full dumps
+        for (vluint32_t ent = 0; ent< m_callbacks.size(); ++ent) {
+            VerilatedFstCallInfo* cip = m_callbacks[ent];
+            (cip->m_fullcb)(this, cip->m_userthis, cip->m_code);
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+    fstWriterEmitTimeChange(m_fst, timeui);
+    for (vluint32_t ent = 0; ent< m_callbacks.size(); ++ent) {
+        VerilatedFstCallInfo* cip = m_callbacks[ent];
+        (cip->m_changecb)(this, cip->m_userthis, cip->m_code);
+    }
+}
+
+//=============================================================================
+// Helpers
+
+char* VerilatedFst::word2Str(vluint32_t newval, int bits) {
+    // Constructor makes sure m_valueStrBuffer.reserve() > 32+1
+    char* s = m_valueStrBuffer.data();
+    for (int i = 0; i < bits; ++i) {
+        *s++ = '0' + ((newval>>(bits-i-1))&1);
+    }
+    *s = '\0';
+    return m_valueStrBuffer.data();
+}
+
+char* VerilatedFst::quad2Str(vluint64_t newval, int bits) {
+    // Constructor makes sure m_valueStrBuffer.reserve() > 64+1
+    char* s = m_valueStrBuffer.data();
+    for (int i = 0; i < bits; ++i) {
+        *s++ = '0' + ((newval>>(bits-i-1))&1);
+    }
+    *s = '\0';
+    return m_valueStrBuffer.data();
+}
+
+char* VerilatedFst::array2Str(const vluint32_t* newval, int bits) {
+    int bq = VL_BITWORD_I(bits), br = VL_BITBIT_I(bits);
+    m_valueStrBuffer.reserve(bits+1);
+    char* s = m_valueStrBuffer.data();
+    vluint32_t v = newval[bq];
+    for (int i = 0; i < br; ++i) {
+        *s++ = '0' + ((v>>(br-i-1))&1);
+    }
+    for (int w = bq-1; w >= 0; --w) {
+        v = newval[w];
+        for (int i = 28; i >= 0; i-=4) {
+            s[0] = '0' + ((v>>(i+3))&1);
+            s[1] = '0' + ((v>>(i+2))&1);
+            s[2] = '0' + ((v>>(i+1))&1);
+            s[3] = '0' + ((v>>(i+0))&1);
+            s+=4;
+        }
+    }
+    *s = '\0';
+    return m_valueStrBuffer.data();
+}
+
+//********************************************************************
+// Local Variables:
+// End: