Version bump

converting to pure C printf call.  This makes the resulting code smaller,
and allows sharing code with future $sprintf support.

.gitignore

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 *.1
 *.tmp
 *.tex
-Makefile
+/Makefile
 README
 config.cache
 config.status

Changes

@@ -3,6 +3,157 @@ Revision history for Verilator
 The contributors that suggested a given feature are shown in [].  [by ...]
 indicates the contributor was also the author of the fix; Thanks!
 
+* Verilator 3.670 2008/07/23
+
+**   Add --x-assign=fast option, and make it the default.
+     This chooses performance over reset debugging.  See the manual.
+
+**   Add --autoflush, for flushing streams after $display.  [Steve Tong]
+
+**   Add CASEZWITHX lint warning and if disabled fix handling of casez with Xs.
+
+***  Add $feof, $fgetc, $fgets, $fflush, $fscanf, $sscanf. [Holger Waechtler]
+
+***  Add $stime. [Holger Waechtler]
+
+***  Add $random.
+
+***  Add --Wfuture-, for improving forward compatibility.
+
+**** Fix verilator_includer not being installed properly.  [Holger Waechtler]
+
+**** Fix IMPURE errors due to X-assignment temporary variables. [Steve Tong]
+
+**** Fix "lvalue" errors with public functions; bug25.  [CY Wang]
+
+**** Add WIDTH warning to $fopen etc file descriptors.
+
+**** Internal changes to how $displays get compiled and executed.
+
+* Verilator 3.665 2008/06/25
+
+**** Ignore "// verilator" comments alone on endif lines.  [Rodney Sinclair]
+
+**** "Make install" now installs verilator_includer and verilator_profcfunc.
+
+**** Fix tracing missing changes on undriven public wires. [Rodney Sinclair]
+
+**** Fix syntax error when "`include `defname" is ifdefed.  [John Dickol]
+
+**** Fix error when macro call has commas in concatenate. [John Dickol]
+
+**** Fix compile errors under Fedora 9, GCC 4.3.0.  [by Jeremy Bennett]
+
+**** Fix Makefile to find headers/libraries under prefix. [by Holger Waechtler]
+
+* Verilator 3.664 2008/05/08
+
+**** Fix missing file in kit.
+
+* Verilator 3.663 2008/05/07
+
+**** Add DESTDIR to Makefiles to assist RPM construction. [Gunter Dannoritzer]
+
+**** Fix compiler warnings under GCC 4.2.1.
+
+**** Fix preprocessor `else after series of `elsif.  [Mark Nodine]
+
+**** Fix parametrized defines calling define with comma.  [Joshua Wise]
+
+**** Fix comma separated list of primitives.  [by Bryan Brady]
+
+* Verilator 3.662 2008/04/25
+
+***  Add Verilog 2005 $clog2() function.
+     This is useful in calculating bus-widths from parameters.
+
+***  Support /**/ comments in -f option files. [Stefan Thiede]
+
+**** Add error message when modules have duplicate names. [Stefan Thiede]
+
+**** Support defines terminated in EOF, though against spec. [Stefan Thiede]
+
+**** Support optional argument to $finish and $stop.  [by Stefan Thiede]
+
+**** Support ranges on gate primitive instantiations. [Stefan Thiede]
+
+**** Ignore old standard(ish) Verilog-XL defines.  [by Stefan Thiede]
+
+**** Fix "always @ ((a) or (b))" syntax error. [by Niranjan Prabhu]
+
+**** Fix "output reg name=expr;" syntax error. [Martin Scharrer]
+
+**** Fix multiple .v files being read in random order. [Stefan Thiede]
+
+**** Fix internal error when params get non-constants. [Johan Wouters]
+
+**** Fix bug introduced in 3.661 with parametrized defines.
+
+* Verilator 3.661 2008/04/04
+
+***  The --enable-defenv configure option added in 3.660 is now the default.
+     This hard-codes a default for VERILATOR_ROOT etc in the executables.
+
+***  Add --language option for supporting older code. [Stefan Thiede]
+
+***  Add --top-module option to select between multiple tops. [Stefan Thiede]
+
+***  Unsized concatenates now give WIDTHCONCAT warnings. [Jonathan Kimmitt]
+     Previously they threw fatal errors, which in most cases is correct
+     according to spec, but can be incorrect in presence of parameter values.
+
+**** Support functions with "input integer".  [Johan Wouters]
+
+**** Ignore delays attached to gate UDPs.  [Stefan Thiede]
+
+**** Fix SystemVerilog parameterized defines with `` expansion,
+     and fix extra whitespace inserted on substitution.  [Vladimir Matveyenko]
+
+**** Fix no-module include files on command line.  [Stefan Thiede]
+
+**** Fix dropping of backslash quoted-quote at end of $display.
+
+**** Fix task output pin connected to non-variables. [Jonathan Kimmitt]
+
+**** Fix missing test_v in install datadir. [Holger Waechtler]
+
+**** Fix internal error after MSB < LSB error reported to user. [Stefan Thiede]
+
+* Verilator 3.660 2008/03/23
+
+***  Add support for hard-coding VERILATOR_ROOT etc in the executables,
+     to enable easier use of Verilator RPMs.  [Gunter Dannoritzer]
+
+***  Allow multiple .v files on command line.  [Stefan Thiede]
+
+***  Convert re-defining macro error to warning.  [Stefan Thiede]
+
+***  Add --error-limit option.  [Stefan Thiede]
+
+***  Allow __ in cell names by quoting them in C.  [Stefan Thiede]
+
+**** Fix genvar to be signed, so "< 0" works properly.  [Niranjan Prabhu]
+
+**** Fix assignments to inputs inside functions/tasks.  [Patricio Kaplan]
+
+**** Fix definitions in main file.v, referenced in library.  [Stefan Thiede]
+
+**** Fix undefined assigns to be implicit warnings. [Stefan Thiede]
+
+* Verilator 3.658 2008/02/25
+
+**** Fix unistd compile error in 3.657.  [Patricio Kaplan, Jonathan Kimmitt]
+
+* Verilator 3.657 2008/02/20
+
+**** Fix assignments of {a,b,c} = {c,b,a}.  [Jonathan Kimmitt]
+
+**** Fix Perl warning with --lint-only.  [by Ding Xiaoliang]
+
+**** Avoid creating obj_dir with --lint-only.  [Ding Xiaoliang]
+
+**** Fix parsing of always @(*).  [Patricio Kaplan]
+
 * Verilator 3.656 2008/01/18
 
 **** Wide VL_CONST_W_#X functions are now made automatically. [Bernard Deadman]
@@ -1128,8 +1279,6 @@ of input ports exists for tracing.
 **** First code written.
 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-$Id$
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 This uses outline mode in Emacs.  See C-h m [M-x describe-mode].
 

MANIFEST.SKIP

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+^CVS/
+/CVS/
+\.git/
+\.svn/
+\.(bak|old)/
+\.(bak|old)$
+\bMakefile$
+\.tar\.
+.*\.tgz
+.*\.log
+.*\.tmp
+.*\.tex
+.*\.key
+.*\.vcd
+/obj_dir/
+/obj_dbg/
+/obj_opt/
+/INCA_libs/
+/logs/
+Makefile
+src/Makefile_obj
+include/verilated.mk
+config.cache
+config.status
+verilator_bin.*
+autom4te\.cache/
+nodist/

Makefile.in

@@ -1,24 +1,23 @@
-# $Id$
 #*****************************************************************************
 # DESCRIPTION: Verilator top level: Makefile pre-configure version
-# 
-# This file is part of Verilator.  
-# 
+#
+# This file is part of Verilator.
+#
 # Author: Wilson Snyder <[email protected]>
-# 
-# Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
-# 
+#
+# Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
+#
 #*****************************************************************************
-# 
+#
 # Copyright 2003-2008 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
 # redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 # General Public License or the Perl Artistic License.
-# 
+#
 # Verilator is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU General Public License for more details.
-# 
+#
 #****************************************************************************/
 #
 # make all	to compile and build Verilator.
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@
 #      source and built the program without creating any other files,
 #      `make distclean' should leave only the files that were in the
 #      distribution.
-# 
+#
 # make maintainer-clean
 #      Delete everything from the current directory that can be
 #      reconstructed with this Makefile.  This typically includes
@@ -61,6 +60,9 @@ MAKEINFO = makeinfo
 TEXI2DVI = texi2dvi
 PERL = @PERL@
 
+# Destination prefix for RPMs
+DESTDIR =
+
 #### Don't edit: You're much better using configure switches to set these
 prefix = @prefix@
 exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
@@ -78,8 +80,12 @@ datadir = @datadir@
 infodir = @infodir@
 
 # Directory in which to install package specific files
+# Generally ${prefix}/share/verilator
 pkgdatadir = @pkgdatadir@
 
+# Directory in which to install data across multiple architectures
+datarootdir = @datarootdir@
+
 #### End of system configuration section. ####
 ######################################################################
 
@@ -94,21 +100,28 @@ DISTDEP = info Makefile
 # Files to distribute.
 DISTBIN = $(wildcard bin/verilator-*)
 
-DISTFILES_INC = $(INFOS) .cvsignore COPYING *.in *.ac \
+DISTFILES_INC = $(INFOS) .gitignore COPYING *.in *.ac \
 	Changes README TODO \
+	MANIFEST.SKIP \
 	bin/* \
 	install-sh configure mkinstalldirs *.texi \
 	include/verilated.[chv]* \
 	include/verilatedos.[chv]* \
 	include/*.in \
-	src/.cvsignore src/*.in src/*.cpp src/*.[chly] src/astgen src/flexfix \
+	include/.*ignore \
+	.*attributes */.*attributes  */*/.*attributes \
+	src/.*ignore src/*.in src/*.cpp src/*.[chly] src/astgen src/*fix \
 	src/*.pl \
-	test_*/.cvsignore test_*/Makefile* test_*/*.cpp \
+	test_*/.*ignore test_*/Makefile* test_*/*.cpp \
 	test_*/*.pl test_*/*.v test_*/*.vc test_*/vlint \
 	test_verilated/vgen*.pl \
-	test_regress/t/*.v* \
-	test_regress/t/*.pl \
+	test_regress/t/*.cpp \
+	test_regress/t/*.h \
+	test_regress/t/*.dat \
+	test_regress/t/*.mem \
 	test_regress/t/*.out \
+	test_regress/t/*.pl \
+	test_regress/t/*.v* \
 	verilator.* \
 
 INST_PROJ_FILES = \
@@ -124,8 +137,10 @@ INST_PROJ_BIN_FILES = \
 
 DISTFILES := $(DISTFILES_INC)
 
+VL_INST_MAN_FILES = verilator.1
+
 all: all_nomsg msg_test
-all_nomsg: verilator_exe
+all_nomsg: verilator_exe $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES)
 
 .PHONY:verilator_exe
 verilator_exe verilator_bin verilator_bin_dbg:
@@ -140,6 +155,7 @@ msg_test:
 	@echo "Type 'make test' to test."
 	@echo
 
+.PHONY:test
 ifeq ($(VERILATOR_AUTHOR_SITE),1)	# Local... Else don't burden users
 test: test_vcs test_c test_sc test_sp test_verilated test_regress
 else
@@ -184,16 +200,18 @@ verilator.html: bin/verilator
 verilator.pdf: bin/verilator $(DISTCONFIG)
 	pod2latex --full --out verilator.tex bin/verilator
 	cat < verilator.tex \
+	   | sed 's/\\begin{document}/\\usepackage[left=1.7in,right=1.7in,top=1.3in,bottom=1.3in]{geometry}\n\\begin{document}/' \
+	   | sed 's/\\begin{document}/\\usepackage[pdftex,bookmarks=true,bookmarksnumbered=true,hypertexnames=false,breaklinks=true,linkbordercolor={0 0 1}]{hyperref}\n\\begin{document}/' \
 	   | sed 's/\\begin{document}/\\usepackage{fancyhdr} \\pagestyle{fancy}\n\\begin{document}/' \
 	   | sed 's/\\begin{document}/\\setlength{\\parindent}{0pt} \\setlength{\\parskip}{\\baselineskip}\n\\begin{document}/' \
-	   | sed 's/\\begin{document}/\\title{$(DISTTITLE)} \\date{${DISTDATE}} \\author{Wilson Snyder\\\\ http:\/\/www.veripool.com}\n\\begin{document}/' \
+	   | sed 's/\\begin{document}/\\title{$(DISTTITLE)} \\date{${DISTDATE}} \\author{Wilson Snyder\\\\ http:\/\/www.veripool.org}\n\\begin{document}/' \
 	   | sed 's/\\begin{document}/\\lhead[$(DISTTITLE)]{$(DISTTITLE)}\n\\begin{document}/' \
 	   | sed 's/\\tableofcontents/\\begin{titlepage} \\maketitle \\end{titlepage}\n\\tableofcontents/' \
 	   > verilator2.tex
 	mv verilator2.tex verilator.tex
 	pdflatex verilator.tex
 	pdflatex verilator.tex
-	-rm -f verilator.toc verilator.aux verilator.idx
+	-rm -f verilator.toc verilator.aux verilator.idx verilator.out
 
 INSTALL: install.texi
 	$(MAKEINFO) -I$(srcdir) $(srcdir)/install.texi --output=$@ \
@@ -203,21 +221,38 @@ README: readme.texi
 	$(MAKEINFO) -I$(srcdir) $(srcdir)/readme.texi --output=$@ \
 	--no-headers --no-validate
 
-installdirs:
-	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(bindir) $(infodir)
-
 # See uninstall also
-VL_INST_BIN_FILES = verilator
+VL_INST_BIN_FILES = verilator verilator_bin verilator_bin_dbg \
+	verilator_includer verilator_profcfunc
+# Some scripts go into both the search path and pkgdatadir,
+# so they can be found by the user, and under $VERILATOR_ROOT.
 installbin:
-	( cd bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator $(bindir)/verilator )
+	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)
+	( cd bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator )
+	( cd bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_includer $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_includer )
+	( cd bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_profcfunc $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_profcfunc )
+	( $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_bin $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_bin )
+	( $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_bin_dbg $(DESTDIR)$(bindir)/verilator_bin_dbg )
+	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/bin
+	( cd bin ; $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) verilator_includer $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/bin/verilator_includer )
 
-VL_INST_MAN_FILES = verilator.1
 installman:
+	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man1
 	for p in $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES) ; do \
-	  $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) $$p $(mandir)/man1/$$p; \
+	  $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) $$p $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man1/$$p; \
 	done
 
-install: all_nomsg installdirs installbin installman install-msg
+installdata:
+	$(SHELL) ${srcdir}/mkinstalldirs $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples
+	cp -r include $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)
+	cp -r src     $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)
+	cp -r test_c  $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples
+	cp -r test_sc $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples
+	cp -r test_sp $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples
+	cp -r test_v  $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)/examples
+
+VL_INST_DATA_FILES = verilator.1
+install: all_nomsg installbin installman installdata install-msg
 
 install-here: installman ftp
 
@@ -232,8 +267,8 @@ install-project: dist
 	for p in verilator.1 ; do \
 	  $(INSTALL_PROGRAM) -m 0666 $$p $(DIRPROJECT_PREFIX)/man/man1/$$p; \
 	done
-	$(INST_PROJ_CVS) $(DISTNAME).tar.gz $(DIRPROJECT)/hw/utils/verilator/verilator.tgz
-	rm $(DISTNAME).tar.gz
+	$(INST_PROJ_CVS) $(DISTNAME).tgz $(DIRPROJECT)/hw/utils/verilator/verilator.tgz
+	rm $(DISTNAME).tgz
 
 install-project-quick:
 	@echo "Install-project-quick (no strip) to $(DIRPROJECT)"
@@ -246,9 +281,6 @@ install-project-quick:
 endif
 
 ftp: info
-	echo "http://www.veripool.com/verilator3.html"
-	cp verilator.html verilator_man.html
-	ftp_tree --password $(VERIPOOL_PW) --user $(VERIPOOL_USER) verilator_man.html webftp.veripool.com:/web
 
 install-msg:
 	@echo "Installed!"
@@ -261,8 +293,9 @@ install-msg:
 	@echo
 
 uninstall:
-	-cd $(mandir)/man1 && rm -f $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES)
-	-cd $(bindir) && rm -f $(VL_INST_BIN_FILES)
+	-cd $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)/man1 && rm -f $(VL_INST_MAN_FILES)
+	-cd $(DESTDIR)$(bindir) && rm -f $(VL_INST_BIN_FILES)
+	-rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(pkgdatadir)
 
 # autoheader might not change config_build.h.in, so touch a stamp file.
 IN_WILD := ${srcdir}/*.in ${srcdir}/*/*.in ${srcdir}/*/*/*.in \
@@ -287,7 +320,7 @@ configure: configure.ac
 maintainer-clean::
 	@echo "This command is intended for maintainers to use;"
 	@echo "rebuilding the deleted files requires makeinfo."
-	rm -f *.info* $(INFOS) faq.html verilator.html configure bin/*
+	rm -f *.info* $(INFOS) faq.html verilator.html configure
 
 clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean maintainer-copy::
 	for dir in $(SUBDIRS); do \
@@ -296,7 +329,7 @@ clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean maintainer-copy::
 	done
 
 clean mostlyclean distclean maintainer-clean::
-	rm -f $(SCRIPTS) *.tmp 
+	rm -f $(SCRIPTS) *.tmp
 	rm -f *.aux *.cp *.cps *.dvi *.fn *.fns *.ky *.kys *.log
 	rm -f *.pg *.pgs *.toc *.tp *.tps *.vr *.vrs *.idx
 	rm -f *.ev *.evs *.ov *.ovs *.cv *.cvs *.ma *.mas
@@ -312,6 +345,13 @@ TAGFILES=${srcdir}/*/*.cpp ${srcdir}/*/*.h ${srcdir}/*/[a-z]*.in \
 TAGS:	$(TAGFILES)
 	etags $(TAGFILES)
 
+######################################################################
+# Test targets
+
+dist-file-list:
+	@echo "begin-dist-file-list:";  # Scripts look for this
+	@echo $(wildcard $(DISTFILES))
+	@echo "end-dist-file-list:";  # Scripts look for this
 
 ######################################################################
 # Distributions
@@ -320,7 +360,7 @@ DISTCONFIG = src/config_build.h.in
 
 DISTTITLE := $(shell sed -e '/DTVERSION/!d' -e 's/[^0-9]*\([0-9.a-z]*\).*/verilator-\1/' -e 's/v/V/' -e q $(DISTCONFIG))
 DISTNAME := $(shell sed -e '/DTVERSION/!d' -e 's/[^0-9]*\([0-9.a-z]*\).*/verilator-\1/' -e q $(DISTCONFIG))
-DISTDATEPRE := $(shell sed -e '/DTVERSION/!d' -e 's/.*\([0-3]\?[0-9].[0-3]\?[0-9].[1-2][0-9][0-9][0-9]\).*/\1/' -e q $(DISTCONFIG))
+DISTDATEPRE := $(shell sed -e '/DTVERSION/!d' -e 's/.*\([1-2][0-9][0-9][0-9].[0-9]*[0-9].[0-9]*[0-9]\).*/\1/' -e q $(DISTCONFIG))
 
 DISTTAGNAME := $(subst .,_,$(subst -,_,$(DISTNAME)))
 DISTDATE := $(subst /,-,$(DISTDATEPRE))
@@ -339,14 +379,14 @@ dist: $(DISTDEP) maintainer-copy
 	chmod -R a+r $(DISTNAME)
 	tar chf $(DISTNAME).tar $(DISTNAME)
 	gzip --force --best $(DISTNAME).tar
+	mv $(DISTNAME).tar.gz $(DISTNAME).tgz
 	rm -fr $(DISTNAME)
 
 maintainer-diff:
 	svnorcvs diff $(DISTTAGNAME)
 
 preexist:
-	test ! -r ~/src/kits/$(DISTNAME).tar.gz
+	svnorcvs nexists $(DISTTAGNAME)
 
 maintainer-dist: preexist dist tag
-	cp *.gz ~/backpack
-	cp *.gz ~/src/kits
+	svnorcvs release $(DISTNAME).tgz

TODO

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// $Id$
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: List of To Do issues.
 //
 // Copyright 2004-2008 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
@@ -7,7 +6,7 @@
 
 
 Features:
- 	Finish 3.400 new ordering fixes
+	Finish 3.400 new ordering fixes
 	Latch optimizations {Need here}
 	Task I/Os connecting to non-simple variables.
 	Fix nested casez statements expanding into to huge C++. [JeanPaul Vanitegem]
@@ -50,7 +49,11 @@ Testing:
 
 Usability:
 	Better reporting of unopt problems, including what lines of code
-	Report more errors (all of them?) before exiting [Eugene Weber]	
+	Report more errors (all of them?) before exiting [Eugene Weber]
+
+Internal Code:
+	Eliminate the AstNUser* passed to all visitors; its only needed in V3Width,
+	and removing it will speed up and simplify all the other code.
 
 Performance:
 	Constant propagation
@@ -65,7 +68,7 @@ Performance:
 	Multithreaded execution
 	Bit-multiply for faster bit swapping and a=b[1,3,2] random bit reorderings.
 	Move _last sets and all other combo logic inside master
-		if() that triggers on all possible sense items 
+		if() that triggers on all possible sense items
 	Rewrite and combine V3Life, V3Subst
 		If block temp only ever set in one place to constant, propagate it
 			Used in t_mem for array delayed assignments
@@ -135,15 +138,15 @@ Selectable SystemC types based on widths (see notes below)
        c) a conditional whose possible values are (a) or (b)
 
  2) One can lose that fact that a node is a tristate node.  This happens
-    if a tristate node is assigned to a 'standard' node, or is used on 
+    if a tristate node is assigned to a 'standard' node, or is used on
     RHS of a conditional. The following infer tristate signals:
-       a) inout <SIGNAL> 
-       b) tri <SIGNAL> 
+       a) inout <SIGNAL>
+       b) tri <SIGNAL>
        c) assigning to 'Z' (maybe through a conditional)
     Note: tristate-ness of an output port determined only by
           statements in the module (not the instances it calls)
-  
+
  4) Tristate variables can't be multidimensional arrays
- 5) Only check tristate contention between modules (not within!)	
+ 5) Only check tristate contention between modules (not within!)
  6) Only simple compares with 'Z' are allowed (===)
 

bin/verilator

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 : # -*-Mode: perl;-*- use perl, wherever it is
 eval 'exec perl -wS $0 ${1+"$@"}'
   if 0;
-# $Id$
 ######################################################################
 #
 # Copyright 2003-2008 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
@@ -34,27 +33,7 @@ use Config;
 use Cwd qw(abs_path getcwd);
 
 use strict;
-use vars qw ($Debug %Vars $Opt $Opt_Make_Dir $Opt_Sp @Opt_Verilator_Sw
-	     $Opt_Trace
-	     %Modules
-	     );
-
-#######################################################################
-# Global constants -- Configuration info
-
-# Where to find real executables
-# We could find it by using $RealBin, but we require this path
-# so that when the user runs make, they will have it and not get strange error.
-$ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT} or die "%Error: verilator: VERILATOR_ROOT needs to be in environment\n";
-print "export VERILATOR_ROOT=$ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT}\n" if $Debug;
-
-# Read by verilator for populating makefile
-if (!defined $ENV{SYSTEMC_ARCH}) {
-    $ENV{SYSTEMC_ARCH} ||= (($Config{osname} =~ /solaris/i && "gccsparcOS5")
-			    || ($Config{osname} =~ /cygwin/i && "cygwin")
-			    || "linux");
-    print "export SYSTEMC_ARCH=$ENV{SYSTEMC_ARCH}\n" if $Debug;
-}
+use vars qw ($Debug @Opt_Verilator_Sw);
 
 #######################################################################
 #######################################################################
@@ -65,7 +44,6 @@ autoflush STDERR 1;
 
 $Debug = 0;
 my $opt_gdb;
-$Opt_Sp = undef;
 
 # No arguments can't do anything useful.  Give help
 if ($#ARGV < 0) {
@@ -84,33 +62,15 @@ if (! GetOptions (
 		  # Major operating modes
 		  "help"	=> \&usage,
 		  "debug:s"	=> \&debug,
-		  "version!"	=> \&version,
+		  # "version!"	=> \&version,	# Also passthru'ed
 		  # Switches
 		  "gdb=s"	=> \$opt_gdb,	# Undocumented debugging
-		  "trace!"	=> \$Opt_Trace,
-		  "sp!"		=> sub {$Opt_Sp = 'sp';},
-		  "sc!"		=> sub {$Opt_Sp = 'sc';},
-		  "cc!"		=> sub {$Opt_Sp = 0;},
-		  #"ignc!"	=> ...,		# Undocumented debugging, disable $c but don't complain
 		  # Additional parameters
 		  "<>"		=> sub {},	# Ignored
 		  )) {
     pod2usage(-exitstatus=>2, -verbose=>0);
 }
 
-# Check configuration
-if ($Opt_Sp) {
-    (defined $ENV{SYSTEMC}) or die "%Error: verilator: Need \$SYSTEMC in environment\nProbably System-C isn't installed, see http://www.systemc.org\n";
-}
-if ($Opt_Sp eq 'sp' || $Opt_Trace) {
-    if (!defined $ENV{SYSTEMPERL}) {
-	my $try = "$ENV{W}/hw/utils/perltools/SystemC";
-	$ENV{SYSTEMPERL} = $try if -d $try;
-    }
-    (defined $ENV{SYSTEMPERL}) or die "%Error: verilator: Need \$SYSTEMPERL in environment for --sp or --trace\nProbably System-Perl isn't installed, see http://www.veripool.com/systemperl.html\n";
-    (-d "$ENV{SYSTEMPERL}/src") or die "%Error: verilator: \$SYSTEMPERL environment var doesn't seem to point to System-Perl kit\n";
-}
-
 # Determine runtime flags
 my $vcmd =(($opt_gdb?"$opt_gdb ":"")
 	   .verilator_bin()
@@ -123,8 +83,6 @@ run ($vcmd);
 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 sub usage {
-    bin_version();
-    print '$Revision$$Date$ ', "\n";
     pod2usage(-exitstatus=>2, -verbose=>2);
 }
 
@@ -134,23 +92,16 @@ sub debug {
     $Debug = $level||3;
 }
 
-sub version {
-    bin_version();
-    exit (0);
-}
-
-sub bin_version {
-    ($ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT}) or print "%Warning: Unknown rev: VERILATOR_ROOT undefined\n";
-    run (verilator_bin()." --version");
-}
-
 #######################################################################
 #######################################################################
 # Builds
 
 sub verilator_bin {
-    my $bin = "$ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT}/".($ENV{VERILATOR_BIN}||"verilator_bin");
-    if ($Debug && -x "${bin}_dbg") { $bin = "${bin}_dbg"; }
+    my $bin = "";
+    # Use VERILATOR_ROOT if defined, else assume verilator_bin is in the search path
+    $bin .= $ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT}."/" if defined($ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT});
+    $bin .= ($ENV{VERILATOR_BIN}||"verilator_bin");
+    if ($Debug) { $bin = "${bin}_dbg"; }
     return $bin;
 }
 
@@ -165,8 +116,11 @@ sub run {
     system($command);
     my $status = $?;
     if ($status) {
+	if ($! =~ /no such file or directory/i) {
+	    warn "%Error: verilator: Misinstalled, or VERILATOR_ROOT might need to be in environment\n";
+	}
 	if ($Debug) {  # For easy rerunning
-	    warn "%Error: export VERILATOR_ROOT=$ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT}\n";
+	    warn "%Error: export VERILATOR_ROOT=".($ENV{VERILATOR_ROOT}||"")."\n";
 	    warn "%Error: $command\n";
 	}
 	die "%Error: Command Failed $command\n";
@@ -205,7 +159,7 @@ code, lints it, and optionally adds coverage and waveform tracing code.
 For C++ and SystemC formats, it outputs .cpp and .h files.  For SystemPerl
 format, it outputs .sp files for the SystemPerl preprocessor, which greatly
 simplifies writing SystemC code and is available at
-L<http://www.veripool.com>.
+L<http://www.veripool.org>.
 
 The files created by Verilator are then compiled with C++.  The user writes
 a little C++ wrapper file, which instantiates the top level module, and
@@ -223,6 +177,7 @@ descriptions in the next sections for more information.
     {file.c/cc/cpp}             Optional C++ files to link in
 
     --assert                    Enable all assertions
+    --autoflush                 Flush streams after all $displays
     --bin <filename>            Override Verilator binary
     --cc                        Create C++ output
     --compiler <compiler-name>  Tune for specified C++ compiler
@@ -234,12 +189,14 @@ descriptions in the next sections for more information.
     --debug-check               Enable debugging assertions
     --dump-tree                 Enable dumping .tree files
     -E                          Preprocess, but do not compile
+    --error-limit <value>	Abort after this number of errors
     --exe                       Link to create executable
     -f <file>                   Parse options from a file
     --help                      Display this help.
     -I<dir>                     Directory to search for includes
     --inhibit-sim               Create function to turn off sim
     --inline-mult <value>       Tune module inlining
+    --language <lang>           Language standard to parse
     --lint-only                 Lint, but do not make output
     --MMD                       Create .d dependency files
     --MP                        Create phony dependency targets
@@ -260,12 +217,14 @@ descriptions in the next sections for more information.
     --sc                        Create SystemC output
     --sp                        Create SystemPerl output
     --stats                     Create statistics file
+    --top-module <topname>      Name of top level input module
     --trace                     Enable waveform creation
     --trace-depth <levels>      Depth of tracing
     -U<var>                     Undefine preprocessor define
     --underline-zero            Zero signals with leading _'s
     -v <filename>               Verilog library
     -Werror-<message>           Convert warning to error
+    -Wfuture-<message>          Disable unknown message warnings
     -Wno-<message>              Disable warning
     -x-assign <mode>            Initially assign Xs to this value
     -y <dir>                    Directory to search for modules
@@ -295,6 +254,14 @@ linking with make rules you write yourself.
 Enable all assertions, includes enabling the --psl flag.  (If psl is not
 desired, but other assertions are, use --assert --nopsl.)
 
+See also --x-assign; setting "--x-assign unique" may be desirable.
+
+=item --autoflush
+
+After every $display or $fdisplay, flush the output stream.  This insures
+that messages will appear immediately but may reduce performance.  Defaults
+off, which will buffer output as provided by the normal C stdio calls.
+
 =item --bin I<filename>
 
 Rarely needed.  Override the default filename for Verilator itself.  When a
@@ -392,6 +359,11 @@ Preprocess the source code, but do not compile, as with 'gcc -E'.  Output
 is written to standard out.  Beware of enabling debugging messages, as they
 will also go to standard out.
 
+=item --error-limit <value>
+
+After this number of errors or warnings are encountered, exit.  Defaults to
+50.
+
 =item --exe
 
 Generate a executable.  You will also need to pass additional .cpp files on
@@ -417,6 +389,14 @@ values, or a value <= 1 will inline everything, will lead to longer compile
 times, but potentially faster runtimes.  This setting is ignored for very
 small modules; they will always be inlined, if allowed.
 
+=item --language I<value>
+
+Select the language to be used when first processing each Verilog file.
+The language value must be "1364-1995", "1364-2001", "1364-2001",
+"1364-2005", or "1800-2005".  This should only be used for legacy code, as
+the preferable option is to edit the code to repair new keywords, or add
+appropriate `begin_keywords.
+
 =item --lint-only
 
 Check the files for lint violations only, do not create any other output.
@@ -434,7 +414,7 @@ to gcc -MP option.
 =item --Mdir I<directory>
 
 Specifies the name of the Make object directory.  All generated files will
-be placed in this directory.
+be placed in this directory.  If not specified, "obj_dir" is used.
 
 =item --mod-prefix I<topname>
 
@@ -489,8 +469,9 @@ the backward-compatible default of sc_bv's.
 
 =item --prefix I<topname>
 
-Specifies the name of the top level class.  Defaults to the name of the top
-level Verilog module.
+Specifies the name of the top level class and makefile.  Defaults to V
+prepended to the name of the --top-module switch, or V prepended to the
+first Verilog filename passed on the command line.
 
 =item --profile-cfuncs
 
@@ -536,11 +517,22 @@ Specifies SystemPerl output mode; see also --cc and -sc.
 
 Creates a dump file with statistics on the design in {prefix}__stats.txt.
 
+=item --top-module I<topname>
+
+When the input Verilog contains more than one top level module, specifies
+the name of the top level Verilog module to become the top, and sets the
+default for if --prefix is not used.  This is not needed with standard
+designs with only one top.
+
 =item --trace
 
-Adds waveform tracing code to the model, this will create additional
-{prefix}__Trace*.cpp files you will need to add to your Makefiles, if
-you're not using the ones generated for you.
+Adds waveform tracing code to the model.  Verilator will generate
+additional {prefix}__Trace*.cpp files that will need to be compiled.  In
+addition Sp.cpp (for SystemC traces) or SpTraceVcdC.c (for C++ only) from
+the SystemPerl kit's src directory must be compiled and linked in.  If
+using the Verilator generated Makefiles, these will be added as source
+targets for you.  If you're not using the Verilator makefiles, you will
+need to add these to your Makefile manually.
 
 Having tracing compiled in may result in some small performance losses,
 even when waveforms are not turned on during model execution.
@@ -565,6 +557,14 @@ Convert the specified warning message into a error message.  This is
 generally to discourage users from violating important site-wide rules, for
 example C<-Werror-NOUNOPTFLAT>.
 
+=item -Wfuture-I<message>
+
+Suppress unknown Verilator comments or warning messages with the given
+message code.  This is used to allow code written with pragmas for a later
+version of Verilator to run under a older version; add -Wfuture- arguments
+for each message code or comment that the new version supports which the
+older version does not support.
+
 =item -Wno-I<message>
 
 Disable the specified warning message.
@@ -572,9 +572,9 @@ Disable the specified warning message.
 =item -Wno-lint
 
 Disable all lint related warning messages.  This is equivelent to
-"-Wno-CASEINCOMPLETE -Wno-CASEOVERLAP -Wno-CASEX -Wno-CMPCONST
--Wno-IMPLICIT -Wno-UNDRIVEN -Wno-UNSIGNED -Wno-UNUSED -Wno-VARHIDDEN
--Wno-WIDTH".
+"-Wno-CASEINCOMPLETE -Wno-CASEOVERLAP -Wno-CASEX -Wno-CASEZWITHX
+-Wno-CMPCONST -Wno-IMPLICIT -Wno-UNDRIVEN -Wno-UNSIGNED -Wno-UNUSED
+-Wno-VARHIDDEN -Wno-WIDTH".
 
 It is strongly recommended you cleanup your code rather than using this
 option, it is only intended to be use when running test-cases of code
@@ -584,14 +584,18 @@ received from third parties.
 
 =item -x-assign 1
 
-=item -x-assign unique  (default)
+=item -x-assign fast (default)
+
+=item -x-assign unique
 
 Controls the two-state value that is replaced when an assignment to X is
-encountered.  -x-assign=0 converts all Xs to 0s, this is the fastest.
--x-assign=1 converts all Xs to 1s, this is nearly as fast, but more likely
-to find reset bugs as active high logic will fire.  The default,
--x-assign=func will call a function to determine the value, this allows
-randomization of all Xs and is the slowest, but safest.
+encountered.  -x-assign=fast, the default, converts all Xs to whatever is
+best for performance.  -x-assign=0 converts all Xs to 0s, and is also fast.
+-x-assign=1 converts all Xs to 1s, this is nearly as fast as 0, but more
+likely to find reset bugs as active high logic will fire.  -x-assign=unique
+will call a function to determine the value, this allows randomization of
+all Xs to find reset bugs and is the slowest, but safest for finding reset
+bugs in code.
 
 =back
 
@@ -765,10 +769,10 @@ the test_sp directory in the distribution for an example.
 
 =head1 BENCHMARKING & OPTIMIZATION
 
-For best performance, run Verilator with the "-O3 -x-assign=0 --noassert"
-flags.  The -O3 flag will require longer compile times, and -x-assign=0 may
-increase the risk of reset bugs in trade for performance; see the above
-documentation for these flags.
+For best performance, run Verilator with the "-O3 -x-assign=fast
+--noassert" flags.  The -O3 flag will require longer compile times, and
+-x-assign=fast may increase the risk of reset bugs in trade for
+performance; see the above documentation for these flags.
 
 Minor Verilog code changes can also give big wins.  You should not have any
 UNOPTFLAT warnings from Verilator.  Fixing these warnings can result in
@@ -871,14 +875,16 @@ After running Make, the C++ compiler should produce the following:
 
 Required for SystemC output mode.  If set, specifies the directory
 containing the SystemC distribution.  This is used to find the SystemC
-include files.
+include files.  If not specified, it will come from a default optionally
+specified at configure time (before Verilator was compiled).
 
 =item SYSTEMC_ARCH
 
 Specifies the architecture name used by the SystemC kit.  This is the part
 after the dash in the lib-{...} directory name created by a 'make' in the
 SystemC distribution.  If not set, Verilator will try to intuit the proper
-setting.
+setting, or use the default optionally specified at configure time (before
+Verilator was compiled).  .
 
 =item SYSTEMC_CXX_FLAGS
 
@@ -888,7 +894,9 @@ building the SystemC model.
 =item SYSTEMPERL
 
 Specifies the directory containing the Verilog-Perl distribution kit.  This
-is used to find the Verilog-Perl library and include files.
+is used to find the Verilog-Perl library and include files.  If not
+specified, it will come from a default optionally specified at configure
+time (before Verilator was compiled).
 
 =item VCS_HOME
 
@@ -904,7 +912,9 @@ for debugging and selecting between multiple operating system builds.
 =item VERILATOR_ROOT
 
 Specifies the directory containing the distribution kit.  This is used to
-find the executable, Perl library, and include files.
+find the executable, Perl library, and include files.  If not specified, it
+will come from a default optionally specified at configure time (before
+Verilator was compiled).
 
 =back
 
@@ -929,7 +939,7 @@ example:
 	unsigned int main_time = 0;	// Current simulation time
 
 	double sc_time_stamp () {	// Called by $time in Verilog
-    	    return main_time;
+	    return main_time;
 	}
 
 	int main() {
@@ -1017,6 +1027,8 @@ declarations inside port lists.
 Verilator supports the `begin_keywords and `end_keywords compiler
 directives.
 
+Verilator supports $clog2.
+
 Verilator partially supports the uwire keyword.
 
 =head1 SYSTEMVERILOG (IEEE 1800-2005) SUPPORT
@@ -1308,10 +1320,9 @@ Wide variables over 64 bits cannot be function returns, to avoid exposing
 complexities.  However, wide variables can be input/outputs; they will be
 passed as references to an array of 32 bit numbers.
 
-This feature is still somewhat experimental.  Generally, only the values of
-stored state (flops) should be written, as the model will NOT notice
-changes made to variables in these functions.  (Same as when a signal is
-declared public.)
+Generally, only the values of stored state (flops) should be written, as
+the model will NOT notice changes made to variables in these functions.
+(Same as when a signal is declared public.)
 
 =item /*verilator public_flat*/ (variable)
 
@@ -1545,8 +1556,8 @@ Verilator does not perform warning checking on uwires, it treats the uwire
 keyword as if it were the normal wire keyword.
 
 =item $bits, $countones, $error, $fatal, $finish, $info, $isunknown,
-$onehot, $onehot0, $readmemb, $readmemh, $signed, $stop, $time, $unsigned,
-$warning.
+$onehot, $onehot0, $readmemb, $readmemh, $signed, $stime, $stop, $time,
+$unsigned, $warning.
 
 Generally supported.
 
@@ -1560,7 +1571,11 @@ argument (as with C's printf), you cannot simply list variables standalone.
 The sized display functions are rarely used and so not supported.  Replace
 them with a $write with the appropriate format specifier.
 
-=item $fopen, $fclose, $fdisplay, $fwrite
+=item $finish, $stop
+
+The rarely used optional parameter to $finish and $stop is ignored.
+
+=item $fopen, $fclose, $fdisplay, $feof, $fflush, $fgetc, $fgets, $fscanf, $fwrite
 
 File descriptors passed to the file PLI calls must be file descriptors, not
 MCDs, which includes the mode parameter to $fopen being mandatory.
@@ -1570,11 +1585,22 @@ are 32 bits while FILE*s may be 64 bits, the descriptor must be stored in a
 reg [63:0] rather than an integer.  The define `verilator_file_descriptor in
 verilated.v can be used to hide this difference.
 
+=item $fscanf, $sscanf
+
+Only integer formats are supported; %e, %f, %m, %r, %v, and %z are not
+supported.
+
 =item $fullskew, $hold, $nochange, $period, $recovery, $recrem, $removal,
 $setup, $setuphold, $skew, $timeskew, $width
 
 All specify blocks and timing checks are ignored.
 
+=item $random
+
+$random does not support the optional argument to set the seed.  Use the
+srand function in C to accomplish this, and note there is only one random
+number generator (not one per module).
+
 =item $readmemb, $readmemh
 
 Read memory commands should work properly.  Note Verilator and the Verilog
@@ -1659,6 +1685,16 @@ L<http://www.sunburst-design.com/papers/CummingsSNUG1999Boston_FullParallelCase_
 Ignoring this warning will only suppress the lint check, it will simulate
 correctly.
 
+=item CASEWITHX
+
+Warns that a case statement contains a constant with a C<x>.  Verilator is
+two-state so interpret such items as always false.  Note a common error is
+to use a C<X> in a case or casez statement item; often what the user
+instead insteaded is to use a casez with C<?>.
+
+Ignoring this warning will only suppress the lint check, it will simulate
+correctly.
+
 =item CMPCONST
 
 Warns that you are comparing a value in a way that will always be constant.
@@ -1699,7 +1735,7 @@ output from a sub-module.)  While legal in Verilog, implicit declarations
 only work for single bit wide signals (not buses), do not allow using a
 signal before it is implicitly declared by a cell, and can lead to dangling
 nets.  A better option is the /*AUTOWIRE*/ feature of Verilog-Mode for
-Emacs, available from L<http://www.veripool.com/>
+Emacs, available from L<http://www.veripool.org/>
 
 Ignoring this warning will only suppress the lint check, it will simulate
 correctly.
@@ -1733,6 +1769,23 @@ not really needed.  The best solution is to insure that each module is in a
 unique file by the same name.  Otherwise, make sure all library files are
 read in as libraries with -v, instead of automatically with -y.
 
+=item REDEFMACRO
+
+Warns that you have redefined the same macro with a different value, for
+example:
+
+    `define MACRO def1
+    //...
+    `define MACRO otherdef
+
+The best solution is to use a different name for the second macro.  If this
+is not possible, add a undef to indicate the code is overriding the value:
+
+    `define MACRO def1
+    //...
+    `undef MACRO
+    `define MACRO otherdef
+
 =item STMTDLY
 
 Warns that you have a statement with a delayed time in front of it, for
@@ -1890,6 +1943,24 @@ The best fix, which clarifies intent and will also make all tools happy is:
 Ignoring this warning will only suppress the lint check, it will simulate
 correctly.
 
+=item WIDTHCONCAT
+
+Warns that based on width rules of Verilog, a concatenate or replication
+has a undeterminate width.  In most cases this violates the Verilog rule
+that widths inside concatenates and replicates must be sized, and should be
+fixed in the code.
+
+    wire [63:0] concat = {1,2};
+
+An example where this is technically legal (though still bad form) is:
+
+    parameter PAR = 1;
+    wire [63:0] concat = {PAR,PAR};
+
+The correct fix is to either size the 1 ("32'h1"), or add the width to the
+parameter definition ("parameter [31:0]"), or add the width to the
+parameter usage ("{PAR[31:0],PAR[31:0]}".
+
 =back
 
 The following describes the less obvious errors:
@@ -1943,11 +2014,14 @@ Visual C++ Version 7 or newer, but this is not tested by the author.
 
 =item Can you provide binaries?
 
-At this time I'd prefer to get patches out quickly than have to generate
-myriad binaries for many different OS flavors.  People have generally
-requested binaries when they are having problems with their C++
-compiler. Alas, binaries won't help this, as in the end a fully working C++
-compiler is required to compile the output of Verilator.
+Verilator is available as a RPM for SuSE and perhaps other systems; this is
+done by porters and may slightly lag the primary distribution.  If there
+isn't a binary build for your distribution, how about you set one up?
+Please contact the authors for assistance.
+
+Note people sometimes request binaries when they are having problems with
+their C++ compiler. Alas, binaries won't help this, as in the end a fully
+working C++ compiler is required to compile the output of Verilator.
 
 =item How can it be faster than (name-the-simulator)?
 
@@ -2030,15 +2104,24 @@ the "verilator" define for you, so just wrap the code in a ifndef region:
 
 =item Why do I get "unexpected `do'" or "unexpected `bit'" errors?
 
-Do, bit, ref, and other words are now SystemVerilog keywords.  You should
-change your code to not use them to insure it works with newer tools.
-Alternatively, surround them by the Verilog 2005/SystemVerilog
+Do, bit, ref, return, and other words are now SystemVerilog keywords.  You
+should change your code to not use them to insure it works with newer
+tools.  Alternatively, surround them by the Verilog 2005/SystemVerilog
 begin_keywords pragma to indicate Verilog 2001 code.
 
    `begin_keywords "1364-2001"
       integer bit; initial bit = 1;
    `end_keywords
 
+If you want the whole file to be parsed as Verilog 2001, just create a
+file with
+
+   `begin_keywords "1364-2001"
+
+and add it before other Verilog files on the command line.  (Note this will
+also change the default for --prefix, so if you're not using --prefix, you
+will now need to.)
+
 =item How do I prevent my assertions from firing during reset?
 
 Call Verilated::assertOn(false) before you first call the model, then turn
@@ -2078,7 +2161,7 @@ use GCC 2.95, or GCC 3.4 you'll have faster builds.  Two ways to cheat are
 to compile on parallel machines and avoid compilations altogether.  See the
 --output-split option, and the web for the ccache, distcc and icecream
 packages, and the Make::Cache package available from
-L<http://www.veripool.com/>. Make::Cache will skip GCC runs between
+L<http://www.veripool.org/>. Make::Cache will skip GCC runs between
 identical source builds, even across different users.
 
 =item Why do so many files need to recompile when I add a signal?
@@ -2088,11 +2171,49 @@ uses one large symbol table, as that results in 2-3 less assembly
 instructions for each signal access.  This makes the execution time 10-15%
 faster, but can result in more compilations when something changes.
 
+=item How do I access functions/tasks in C?
+
+Write a Verilog function or task with input/outputs that match what you
+want to call in with C.  Then mark that function public.
+
+Verilog inputs of one bit become C++ bool inputs.  Inputs 32 bits or
+smaller become C uint32_t inputs, 64-32 bits become C uint64_t inputs, and
+wider signals become arrays of 32 bits.  Outputs are passed as references
+to bool, uint32_t, uint64_t or uint32_t[] arrays.
+
+Signals wider than 64 bits are passed as an array of 32-bit uint32_t's.
+Thus to read bits 31:0, access signal[0], and for bits 63:32, access
+signal[1].  Unused bits (for example bit numbers 65-96 of a 65 bit vector)
+will always be zero.  if you change the value you must make sure to pack
+zeros in the unused bits or core-dumps may result.  (Because Verilator
+strips array bound checks where it believes them to be unnecessary.)
+
+In the SYSTEMC example above, if you had in our.v:
+
+   task publicSetBool;
+      // verilator public
+      input in_bool;
+      var_bool = in_bool;
+   endtask
+
+From the sc_main.cpp file, you'd then:
+
+    #include "Vour.h"
+    #include "Vour_our.h"
+    top->v.publicSetBool(value);
+
+See additional notes under the /*verilator public*/ section.
+
 =item How do I access signals in C?
 
-First, declare the signals you will be accessing with a /*verilator
-public*/ comment before the closing semicolon.  Then scope into the C++
-class to read the value of the signal, as you would any other member variable.
+The best thing is to make a Verilator public task or function accessor that
+can read or write that signal, as described in the previous FAQ.  This will
+allow Verilator to better optimize the model.
+
+If you really want raw access to the signals, declare the signals you will
+be accessing with a /*verilator public*/ comment before the closing
+semicolon.  Then scope into the C++ class to read the value of the signal,
+as you would any other member variable.
 
 Signals are the smallest of 8 bit chars, 16 bit shorts, 32 bit longs, or 64
 bit long longs that fits the width of the signal.  Generally, you can use
@@ -2163,7 +2284,10 @@ outputs.  Now, the following should fail:
     cd test_regress
     t/t_BUG.pl
 
-Finally, Mail the bug report to C<[email protected]>.
+Finally, report the bug using the bug tracker at
+L<http://www.veripool.org/verilator>.  The bug will become publicly
+visible; if this is unacceptable, mail the bug report to
+C<[email protected]>.
 
 =head1 HISTORY
 
@@ -2216,7 +2340,7 @@ Eugene Weber, Leon Wildman, and Mat Zeno.
 
 =head1 DISTRIBUTION
 
-The latest version is available from L<http://www.veripool.com/>.
+The latest version is available from L<http://www.veripool.org/>.
 
 Copyright 2003-2008 by Wilson Snyder.  Verilator is free software; you can
 redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU Lesser

bin/verilator_difftree

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 : # -*-Mode: perl;-*- use perl, wherever it is
 eval 'exec perl -wS $0 ${1+"$@"}'
   if 0;
-# $Id$
 ######################################################################
 #
 # Copyright 2005-2008 by Wilson Snyder <[email protected]>.  This
@@ -115,7 +114,6 @@ sub filter {
 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 sub usage {
-    print '$Id$ ', "\n";
     pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval => 2);
     exit (1);
 }
@@ -130,7 +128,7 @@ sub parameter {
 	$Opt_A = $param;
     } elsif (!defined $Opt_B) {
 	$Opt_B = $param;
-    } else {	
+    } else {
 	die "%Error: Unknown parameter: $param\n";
     }
 }
@@ -178,7 +176,7 @@ Displays this message and program version and exits.
 
 =head1 DISTRIBUTION
 
-The latest version is available from L<http://www.veripool.com/>.
+The latest version is available from L<http://www.veripool.org/verilator>.
 
 Copyright 2005-2008 by Wilson Snyder.  This package is free software; you
 can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU

bin/verilator_includer

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 : # -*-Mode: perl;-*- use perl, wherever it is
 eval 'exec perl -wS $0 ${1+"$@"}'
   if 0;
-# $Id$
 # DESCRIPTION: Print include statements for each ARGV
 #
 # Copyright 2003-2008 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can

bin/verilator_profcfunc

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 : # -*-Mode: perl;-*- use perl, wherever it is
 eval 'exec perl -wS $0 ${1+"$@"}'
   if 0;
-# $Id$
 ######################################################################
 #
 # Copyright 2007-2008 by Wilson Snyder <[email protected]>.  This
@@ -50,7 +49,6 @@ profcfunc($Opt_File);
 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 sub usage {
-    print '$Id$ ', "\n";
     pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval => 2);
     exit (1);
 }
@@ -63,7 +61,7 @@ sub parameter {
     my $param = shift;
     if (!defined $Opt_File) {
 	$Opt_File = $param;
-    } else {	
+    } else {
 	die "%Error: Unknown parameter: $param\n";
     }
 }
@@ -189,7 +187,7 @@ Displays this message and program version and exits.
 
 =head1 DISTRIBUTION
 
-The latest version is available from L<http://www.veripool.com/>.
+The latest version is available from L<http://www.veripool.org/>.
 
 Copyright 2007-2008 by Wilson Snyder.  This package is free software; you
 can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU

configure.ac

@@ -1,20 +1,36 @@
-dnl $Id$
 dnl DESCRIPTION: Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.
 dnl Copyright 2003-2008 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
 dnl redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
 dnl General Public License or the Perl Artistic License.
 
-AC_REVISION($Revision$)dnl
 AC_INIT(src/Verilator.cpp)
 AC_CONFIG_HEADER(src/config_build.h)
 
 dnl Special Substitutions
+AC_ARG_ENABLE(defenv,
+   [AS_HELP_STRING([--disable-defenv], [disable hardcoded default environment variables])],
+   CFG_WITH_DEFENV=$enableval,
+   CFG_WITH_DEFENV=yes)
+AC_SUBST(CFG_WITH_DEFENV)
+
+dnl Compiler flags
+CXX=g++
+CFLAGS=-I${includedir}
+CPPFLAGS=-I${includedir}
+CXXFLAGS=-I${includedir}
+LDFLAGS=-L${libdir}
 
 dnl Checks for programs.
-CXX=g++
 AC_PROG_CC
 AC_PROG_CXX
 AC_PROG_INSTALL
+
+AC_LANG_PUSH(C++)
+AC_MSG_CHECKING([that C++ compiler can compile simple program])
+AC_TRY_RUN([int main() { return 0; }],
+           AC_MSG_RESULT(yes),
+           AC_MSG_RESULT(no);AC_MSG_ERROR([a working C++ compiler is required]))
+
 AC_PATH_PROG(PERL,perl)
 if test "x$PERL" = "x" ; then
    AC_MSG_ERROR([Cannot find "perl" in your PATH, please install it])

include/verilated.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// $Id$ -*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 //
 // Copyright 2003-2008 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 // GNU General Public License for more details.
-// 
+//
 //=========================================================================
 ///
 /// \file
@@ -18,13 +18,12 @@
 ///	This file must be compiled and linked against all objects
 ///	created from Verilator.
 ///
-/// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+/// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 ///
 //=========================================================================
 
 #include "verilated.h"
-#include <string.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
+#include <cctype>
 
 #define VL_VALUE_STRING_MAX_WIDTH 1024	///< Max static char array for VL_VALUE_STRING
 
@@ -80,23 +79,43 @@ IData VL_RAND32() {
 #endif
 }
 
-IData VL_RAND_RESET_I(int outBits) {
+IData VL_RANDOM_I(int obits) {
+    return VL_RAND32() & VL_MASK_I(obits);
+}
+
+QData VL_RANDOM_Q(int obits) {
+    QData data = ((QData)VL_RAND32()<<VL_ULL(32)) | (QData)VL_RAND32();
+    return data & VL_MASK_Q(obits);
+}
+
+WDataOutP VL_RANDOM_W(int obits, WDataOutP outwp) {
+    for (int i=0; i<VL_WORDS_I(obits); i++) {
+	if (i<(VL_WORDS_I(obits)-1)) {
+	    outwp[i] = VL_RAND32();
+	} else {
+	    outwp[i] = VL_RAND32() & VL_MASK_I(obits);
+	}
+    }
+    return outwp;
+}
+
+IData VL_RAND_RESET_I(int obits) {
     if (Verilated::randReset()==0) return 0;
     IData data = ~0;
     if (Verilated::randReset()!=1) {	// if 2, randomize
-	data = VL_RAND32();
+	data = VL_RANDOM_I(obits);
     }
-    if (outBits<32) data &= VL_MASK_I(outBits); 
+    if (obits<32) data &= VL_MASK_I(obits);
     return data;
 }
 
-QData VL_RAND_RESET_Q(int outBits) {
+QData VL_RAND_RESET_Q(int obits) {
     if (Verilated::randReset()==0) return 0;
     QData data = VL_ULL(~0);
     if (Verilated::randReset()!=1) {	// if 2, randomize
-	data = ((QData)VL_RAND32()<<VL_ULL(32)) | (QData)VL_RAND32();
+	data = VL_RANDOM_Q(obits);
     }
-    if (outBits<64) data &= VL_MASK_Q(outBits); 
+    if (obits<64) data &= VL_MASK_Q(obits);
     return data;
 }
 
@@ -119,94 +138,351 @@ WDataOutP VL_ZERO_RESET_W(int obits, WDataOutP outwp) {
 //===========================================================================
 // Formatting
 
-const char* VL_VALUE_FORMATTED_Q(int obits, char fmt, bool drop0, QData ld) {
-    // Convert value into %b/%o/%x/%s/%u/%d formatted string
-    // Note uses a single buffer; presumes only one call per printf
-    static VL_THREAD char str[VL_VALUE_STRING_MAX_WIDTH];
-    char* strp = &str[0];
-    int lsb=obits-1;
-    if (drop0) while (lsb && !VL_BITISSET_Q(ld,lsb)) lsb--;
-    switch (fmt) {
-    case 'd':
-	sprintf(str,"%lld",(vlsint64_t)(VL_EXTENDS_QQ(obits,obits,ld)));
-	return str;
-    case 'u':
-	sprintf(str,"%llu",ld);
-	return str;
-    case 's':
-	for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
-	    lsb = (lsb / 8) * 8; // Next digit
-	    IData charval = (ld>>VL_BITBIT_Q(lsb)) & 0xff;
-	    *strp++ = (charval==0)?' ':charval;
+// Do a va_arg returning a quad, assuming input argument is anything less than wide
+#define _VL_VA_ARG_Q(ap, bits) (((bits) <= VL_WORDSIZE) ? va_arg(ap,IData) : va_arg(ap,QData))
+
+void _vl_vsformat(string& output, const char* formatp, va_list ap) {
+    // Format a Verilog $write style format into the output list
+    // The format must be pre-processed (and lower cased) by Verilator
+    // Arguments are in "width, arg-value (or WDataIn* if wide)" form
+    //
+    // Note uses a single buffer internally; presumes only one usage per printf
+    // Note also assumes variables < 64 are not wide, this assumption is
+    // sometimes not true in low-level routines written here in verilated.cpp
+    static VL_THREAD char tmp[VL_VALUE_STRING_MAX_WIDTH];
+    bool inPct = false;
+    bool widthSet = false;
+    int width = 0;
+    const char* pos = formatp;
+    for (; *pos; ++pos) {
+	if (!inPct && pos[0]=='%') {
+	    inPct = true;
+	    widthSet = false;
+	    width = 0;
+	} else if (!inPct) {   // Normal text
+	    // Fast-forward to next escape and add to output
+	    const char *ep = pos;
+	    while (ep[0] && ep[0]!='%') ep++;
+	    if (ep != pos) {
+		output += string(pos, ep-pos);
+		pos += ep-pos-1;
+	    }
+	} else { // Format character
+	    inPct = false;
+	    char fmt = pos[0];
+	    switch (fmt) {
+	    case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
+	    case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
+		inPct = true;  // Get more digits
+		widthSet = true;
+		width = width*10 + (fmt - '0');
+		break;
+	    case '%':
+		output += '%';
+		break;
+	    case 'S': { // "C" string
+		const char* cstrp = va_arg(ap, const char*);
+		output += cstrp;
+		break;
+	    }
+	    default: {
+		// Deal with all read-and-print somethings
+		const int lbits = va_arg(ap, int);
+		QData ld = 0;
+		WDataInP lwp;
+		if (lbits <= VL_QUADSIZE) {
+		    WData qlwp[2];
+		    ld = _VL_VA_ARG_Q(ap, lbits);
+		    VL_SET_WQ(qlwp,ld);
+		    lwp = qlwp;
+		} else {
+		    lwp = va_arg(ap,WDataInP);
+		    ld = lwp[0];
+		    if (fmt == 'u' || fmt == 'd') fmt = 'x';  // Not supported, but show something
+		}
+		int lsb=lbits-1;
+		if (widthSet && width==0) while (lsb && !VL_BITISSET_W(lwp,lsb)) lsb--;
+		switch (fmt) {
+		case 'c': {
+		    IData charval = ld & 0xff;
+		    output += charval;
+		    break;
+		}
+		case 's':
+		    for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
+			lsb = (lsb / 8) * 8; // Next digit
+			IData charval = (lwp[VL_BITWORD_I(lsb)]>>VL_BITBIT_I(lsb)) & 0xff;
+			output += (charval==0)?' ':charval;
+		    }
+		    break;
+		case 'd': { // Signed decimal
+		    int digits=sprintf(tmp,"%lld",(vlsint64_t)(VL_EXTENDS_QQ(lbits,lbits,ld)));
+		    int needmore = width-digits;
+		    if (needmore>0) output.append(needmore,' '); // Pre-pad spaces
+		    output += tmp;
+		    break;
+		}
+		case 'u': { // Unsigned decimal
+		    int digits=sprintf(tmp,"%llu",ld);
+		    int needmore = width-digits;
+		    if (needmore>0) output.append(needmore,' '); // Pre-pad spaces
+		    output += tmp;
+		    break;
+		}
+		case 'b':
+		    for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
+			output += ((lwp[VL_BITWORD_I(lsb)]>>VL_BITBIT_I(lsb)) & 1) + '0';
+		    }
+		    break;
+		case 'o':
+		    for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
+			lsb = (lsb / 3) * 3; // Next digit
+			// Octal numbers may span more than one wide word,
+			// so we need to grab each bit separately and check for overrun
+			// Octal is rare, so we'll do it a slow simple way
+			output += ('0'
+				   + ((VL_BITISSETLIMIT_W(lwp, lbits, lsb+0)) ? 1 : 0)
+				   + ((VL_BITISSETLIMIT_W(lwp, lbits, lsb+1)) ? 2 : 0)
+				   + ((VL_BITISSETLIMIT_W(lwp, lbits, lsb+2)) ? 4 : 0));
+		    }
+		    break;
+		case 'x':
+		    for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
+			lsb = (lsb / 4) * 4; // Next digit
+			IData charval = (lwp[VL_BITWORD_I(lsb)]>>VL_BITBIT_I(lsb)) & 0xf;
+			output += "0123456789abcdef"[charval];
+		    }
+		    break;
+		default:
+		    string msg = string("%%Error: Unknown _vl_vsformat code: ")+pos[0]+"\n";
+		    vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"",msg.c_str());
+		    break;
+		} // switch
+	    }
+	    } // switch
 	}
-	*strp++ = '\0';
-	return str;
-    case 'b':
-	for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
-	    *strp++ = ((ld>>VL_BITBIT_Q(lsb)) & 1) + '0';
-	}
-	*strp++ = '\0';
-	return str;
-    case 'o':
-	for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
-	    lsb = (lsb / 3) * 3; // Next digit
-	    *strp++ = ((ld>>VL_BITBIT_Q(lsb)) & 7) + '0';
-	}
-	*strp++ = '\0';
-	return str;
-    default:
-	for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
-	    lsb = (lsb / 4) * 4; // Next digit
-	    IData charval = (ld>>VL_BITBIT_Q(lsb)) & 0xf;
-	    *strp++ = (charval + ((charval < 10) ? '0':('a'-10)));
-	}
-	*strp++ = '\0';
-	return str;
     }
-    *strp++ = '\0';
-    return str;
 }
 
-const char* VL_VALUE_FORMATTED_W(int obits, char fmt, bool drop0, WDataInP lwp) {
-    // Convert value into %b/%o/%x/%s/%u/%d formatted string
-    // Note uses a single buffer; presumes only one call per printf
-    static VL_THREAD char str[VL_VALUE_STRING_MAX_WIDTH];
-    char* strp = &str[0];
-    int lsb=obits-1;
-    if (drop0) while (lsb && !VL_BITISSET_W(lwp,lsb)) lsb--;
-    switch (fmt) {
-    case 's':
-	for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
-	    lsb = (lsb / 8) * 8; // Next digit
-	    IData charval = (lwp[VL_BITWORD_I(lsb)]>>VL_BITBIT_I(lsb)) & 0xff;
-	    *strp++ = (charval==0)?' ':charval;
-	}
-	*strp++ = '\0';
-	return str;
-    case 'b':
-	for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
-	    *strp++ = ((lwp[VL_BITWORD_I(lsb)]>>VL_BITBIT_I(lsb)) & 1) + '0';
-	}
-	*strp++ = '\0';
-	return str;
-    case 'o':
-	for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
-	    lsb = (lsb / 3) * 3; // Next digit
-	    *strp++ = ((lwp[VL_BITWORD_I(lsb)]>>VL_BITBIT_I(lsb)) & 7) + '0';
-	}
-	*strp++ = '\0';
-	return str;
-    default:
-	for (; lsb>=0; lsb--) {
-	    lsb = (lsb / 4) * 4; // Next digit
-	    IData charval = (lwp[VL_BITWORD_I(lsb)]>>VL_BITBIT_I(lsb)) & 0xf;
-	    *strp++ = (charval + ((charval < 10) ? '0':('a'-10)));
-	}
-	*strp++ = '\0';
-	return str;
+static inline bool _vl_vsss_eof(FILE* fp, int& floc) {
+    return fp ? feof(fp) : (floc<0);
+}
+static inline void _vl_vsss_advance(FILE* fp, int& floc) {
+    if (fp) fgetc(fp);
+    else floc -= 8;
+}
+static inline int  _vl_vsss_peek(FILE* fp, int& floc, WDataInP fromp) {
+    // Get a character without advancing
+    if (fp) {
+	int data = fgetc(fp);
+	if (data == EOF) return EOF;
+	ungetc(data,fp);
+	return data;
+    } else {
+	if (floc < 0) return EOF;
+	floc = floc & ~7;	// Align to closest character
+	int data = (fromp[VL_BITWORD_I(floc)] >> VL_BITBIT_I(floc)) & 0xff;
+	return data;
     }
-    *strp++ = '\0';
-    return str;
+}
+static inline void _vl_vsss_skipspace(FILE* fp, int& floc, WDataInP fromp) {
+    while (1) {
+	int c = _vl_vsss_peek(fp, floc, fromp);
+	if (c==EOF || !isspace(c)) return;
+	_vl_vsss_advance(fp, floc);
+    }
+}
+static inline void _vl_vsss_read(FILE* fp, int& floc, WDataInP fromp,
+				 char* tmpp, const char* acceptp) {
+    // Read into tmp, consisting of characters from acceptp list
+    char* cp = tmpp;
+    while (1) {
+	int c = _vl_vsss_peek(fp, floc, fromp);
+	if (c==EOF || isspace(c)) break;
+	if (acceptp!=NULL // String - allow anything
+	    && NULL==strchr(acceptp, c)) break;
+	if (acceptp!=NULL) c = tolower(c); // Non-strings we'll simplify
+	*cp++ = c;
+	_vl_vsss_advance(fp, floc);
+    }
+    *cp++ = '\0';
+    //VL_PRINTF("\t_read got='%s'\n", tmpp);
+}
+static inline void _vl_vsss_setbit(WDataOutP owp, int obits, int lsb, int nbits, IData ld) {
+    for (; nbits && lsb<obits; nbits--, lsb++, ld>>=1) {
+	VL_ASSIGNBIT_WI(0, lsb, owp, ld & 1);
+    }
+}
+
+IData _vl_vsscanf(FILE* fp,  // If a fscanf
+		  int fbits, WDataInP fromp,  // Else if a sscanf
+		  const char* formatp, va_list ap) {
+    // Read a Verilog $sscanf/$fscanf style format into the output list
+    // The format must be pre-processed (and lower cased) by Verilator
+    // Arguments are in "width, arg-value (or WDataIn* if wide)" form
+    static VL_THREAD char tmp[VL_VALUE_STRING_MAX_WIDTH];
+    int floc = fbits - 1;
+    IData got = 0;
+    bool inPct = false;
+    const char* pos = formatp;
+    for (; *pos && !_vl_vsss_eof(fp,floc); ++pos) {
+	//VL_PRINTF("_vlscan fmt='%c' floc=%d file='%c'\n", pos[0], floc, _vl_vsss_peek(fp,floc,fromp));
+	if (!inPct && pos[0]=='%') {
+	    inPct = true;
+	} else if (!inPct && isspace(pos[0])) {   // Format spaces
+	    while (isspace(pos[1])) pos++;
+	    _vl_vsss_skipspace(fp,floc,fromp);
+	} else if (!inPct) {   // Expected Format
+	    _vl_vsss_skipspace(fp,floc,fromp);
+	    int c = _vl_vsss_peek(fp,floc,fromp);
+	    if (c != pos[0]) goto done;
+	    else _vl_vsss_advance(fp,floc);
+	} else { // Format character
+	    // Skip loading spaces
+	    inPct = false;
+	    char fmt = pos[0];
+	    switch (fmt) {
+	    case '%': {
+		int c = _vl_vsss_peek(fp,floc,fromp);
+		if (c != '%') goto done;
+		else _vl_vsss_advance(fp,floc);
+		break;
+	    }
+	    default: {
+		// Deal with all read-and-scan somethings
+		// Note LSBs are preserved if there's an overflow
+		const int obits = va_arg(ap, int);
+		int lsb = 0;
+		WData qowp[2];
+		WDataOutP owp = qowp;
+		if (obits > VL_QUADSIZE) {
+		    owp = va_arg(ap,WDataOutP);
+		}
+		for (int i=0; i<VL_WORDS_I(obits); i++) owp[i] = 0;
+		switch (fmt) {
+		case 'c': {
+		    int c = _vl_vsss_peek(fp,floc,fromp);
+		    if (c==EOF) goto done;
+		    else _vl_vsss_advance(fp,floc);
+		    owp[0] = c;
+		    break;
+		}
+		case 's': {
+		    _vl_vsss_skipspace(fp,floc,fromp);
+		    _vl_vsss_read(fp,floc,fromp, tmp, NULL);
+		    if (!tmp[0]) goto done;
+		    int pos = strlen(tmp)-1;
+		    for (int i=0; i<obits && pos>=0; pos--) {
+			_vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 8, tmp[pos]); lsb+=8;
+		    }
+		    break;
+		}
+		case 'd': { // Signed decimal
+		    _vl_vsss_skipspace(fp,floc,fromp);
+		    _vl_vsss_read(fp,floc,fromp, tmp, "0123456789+-xz?_");
+		    if (!tmp[0]) goto done;
+		    vlsint64_t ld;
+		    sscanf(tmp,"%lld",&ld);
+		    VL_SET_WQ(owp,ld);
+		    break;
+		}
+		case 'u': { // Unsigned decimal
+		    _vl_vsss_skipspace(fp,floc,fromp);
+		    _vl_vsss_read(fp,floc,fromp, tmp, "0123456789+-xz?_");
+		    if (!tmp[0]) goto done;
+		    QData ld;
+		    sscanf(tmp,"%llu",&ld);
+		    VL_SET_WQ(owp,ld);
+		    break;
+		}
+		case 'b': {
+		    _vl_vsss_skipspace(fp,floc,fromp);
+		    _vl_vsss_read(fp,floc,fromp, tmp, "01xz?_");
+		    if (!tmp[0]) goto done;
+		    int pos = strlen(tmp)-1;
+		    for (int i=0; i<obits && pos>=0; pos--) {
+			switch(tmp[pos]) {
+			case 'x': case 'z': case '?': //FALLTHRU
+			case '0': lsb++; break;
+			case '1': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 1, 1); lsb++; break;
+			case '_': break;
+			}
+		    }
+		    break;
+		}
+		case 'o': {
+		    _vl_vsss_skipspace(fp,floc,fromp);
+		    _vl_vsss_read(fp,floc,fromp, tmp, "01234567xz?_");
+		    if (!tmp[0]) goto done;
+		    int pos = strlen(tmp)-1;
+		    for (int i=0; i<obits && pos>=0; pos--) {
+			switch(tmp[pos]) {
+			case 'x': case 'z': case '?': //FALLTHRU
+			case '0': lsb+=3; break;
+			case '1': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 3, 1); lsb+=3; break;
+			case '2': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 3, 2); lsb+=3; break;
+			case '3': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 3, 3); lsb+=3; break;
+			case '4': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 3, 4); lsb+=3; break;
+			case '5': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 3, 5); lsb+=3; break;
+			case '6': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 3, 6); lsb+=3; break;
+			case '7': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 3, 7); lsb+=3; break;
+			case '_': break;
+			}
+		    }
+		    break;
+		}
+		case 'x': {
+		    _vl_vsss_skipspace(fp,floc,fromp);
+		    _vl_vsss_read(fp,floc,fromp, tmp, "0123456789abcdefxz?_");
+		    if (!tmp[0]) goto done;
+		    int pos = strlen(tmp)-1;
+		    for (int i=0; i<obits && pos>=0; pos--) {
+			switch(tmp[pos]) {
+			case 'x': case 'z': case '?': //FALLTHRU
+			case '0': lsb+=4; break;
+			case '1': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4,  1); lsb+=4; break;
+			case '2': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4,  2); lsb+=4; break;
+			case '3': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4,  3); lsb+=4; break;
+			case '4': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4,  4); lsb+=4; break;
+			case '5': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4,  5); lsb+=4; break;
+			case '6': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4,  6); lsb+=4; break;
+			case '7': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4,  7); lsb+=4; break;
+			case '8': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4,  8); lsb+=4; break;
+			case '9': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4,  9); lsb+=4; break;
+			case 'a': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4, 10); lsb+=4; break;
+			case 'b': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4, 11); lsb+=4; break;
+			case 'c': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4, 12); lsb+=4; break;
+			case 'd': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4, 13); lsb+=4; break;
+			case 'e': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4, 14); lsb+=4; break;
+			case 'f': _vl_vsss_setbit(owp,obits,lsb, 4, 15); lsb+=4; break;
+			case '_': break;
+			}
+		    }
+		    break;
+		}
+		default:
+		    string msg = string("%%Error: Unknown _vl_vsscanf code: ")+pos[0]+"\n";
+		    vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,"",msg.c_str());
+		    break;
+		} // switch
+
+		got++;
+		// Reload data if non-wide (if wide, we put it in the right place directly)
+		if (obits <= VL_BYTESIZE) {
+		    CData* p = va_arg(ap,CData*); *p = owp[0];
+		} else if (obits <= VL_SHORTSIZE) {
+		    SData* p = va_arg(ap,SData*); *p = owp[0];
+		} else if (obits <= VL_WORDSIZE) {
+		    IData* p = va_arg(ap,IData*); *p = owp[0];
+		} else if (obits <= VL_QUADSIZE) {
+		    QData* p = va_arg(ap,QData*); *p = VL_SET_QW(owp);
+		}
+	    }
+	    } // switch
+	}
+    }
+  done:
+    return got;
 }
 
 //===========================================================================
@@ -228,6 +504,40 @@ void _VL_VINT_TO_STRING(int obits, char* destoutp, WDataInP sourcep) {
     while (isspace(*(destp-1)) && destp>destoutp) *--destp = '\0';  // Drop trailing spaces
 }
 
+void _VL_STRING_TO_VINT(int obits, void* destp, int srclen, const char* srcp) {
+    // Convert C string to Verilog format
+    int bytes = VL_BYTES_I(obits);
+    char* op = ((char*)(destp));
+    if (srclen > bytes) srclen = bytes;  // Don't overflow destination
+    int i;
+    for (i=0; i<srclen; i++) { *op++ = srcp[srclen-1-i]; }
+    for (; i<bytes; i++) { *op++ = 0; }
+}
+
+IData VL_FGETS_IXQ(int obits, void* destp, QData fpq) {
+    FILE* fp = VL_CVT_Q_FP(fpq);
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!fp)) return 0;
+
+    // The string needs to be padded with 0's in unused spaces in front of
+    // any read data.  This means we can't know in what location the first
+    // character will finally live, so we need to copy.  Yuk.
+    IData bytes = VL_BYTES_I(obits);
+    char buffer[bytes];
+
+    // We don't use fgets, as we must read \0s.
+    IData got = 0;
+    char* cp = buffer;
+    while (got < bytes) {
+	int c = getc(fp);
+	if (c==EOF) break;
+	*cp++ = c;  got++;
+	if (c=='\n') break;
+    }
+
+    _VL_STRING_TO_VINT(obits, destp, got, buffer);
+    return got;
+}
+
 QData VL_FOPEN_QI(QData filename, IData mode) {
     IData fnw[2];  VL_SET_WQ(fnw, filename);
     return VL_FOPEN_WI(2, fnw, mode);
@@ -240,6 +550,67 @@ QData VL_FOPEN_WI(int fnwords, WDataInP filenamep, IData mode) {
     return VL_CVT_FP_Q(fopen(filenamez,modez));
 }
 
+void VL_WRITEF(const char* formatp, ...) {
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap,formatp);
+    string output;
+    _vl_vsformat(output, formatp, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+
+    // Users can redefine VL_PRINTF if they wish.
+    VL_PRINTF("%s", output.c_str());
+}
+
+void VL_FWRITEF(QData fpq, const char* formatp, ...) {
+    FILE* fp = VL_CVT_Q_FP(fpq);
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!fp)) return;
+
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap,formatp);
+    string output;
+    _vl_vsformat(output, formatp, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+
+    fputs(output.c_str(), fp);
+}
+
+IData VL_FSCANF_IX(QData fpq, const char* formatp, ...) {
+    FILE* fp = VL_CVT_Q_FP(fpq);
+    if (VL_UNLIKELY(!fp)) return 0;
+
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap,formatp);
+    IData got = _vl_vsscanf(fp, 0, NULL, formatp, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return got;
+}
+
+IData VL_SSCANF_IIX(int lbits, IData ld, const char* formatp, ...) {
+    IData fnw[2];  VL_SET_WI(fnw, ld);
+
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap,formatp);
+    IData got = _vl_vsscanf(NULL, lbits, fnw, formatp, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return got;
+}
+IData VL_SSCANF_IQX(int lbits, QData ld, const char* formatp, ...) {
+    IData fnw[2];  VL_SET_WQ(fnw, ld);
+
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap,formatp);
+    IData got = _vl_vsscanf(NULL, lbits, fnw, formatp, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return got;
+}
+IData VL_SSCANF_IWX(int lbits, WDataInP lwp, const char* formatp, ...) {
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap,formatp);
+    IData got = _vl_vsscanf(NULL, lbits, lwp, formatp, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return got;
+}
+
 void VL_READMEM_Q(bool hex, int width, int depth, int array_lsb, int,
 		  QData ofilename, void* memp, IData start, IData end) {
     IData fnw[2];  VL_SET_WQ(fnw, ofilename);
@@ -276,7 +647,7 @@ void VL_READMEM_W(bool hex, int width, int depth, int array_lsb, int fnwords,
 	else if (c=='\t' || c==' ' || c=='\r' || c=='\f') { if (innum) reading_addr=false; innum=false; }
 	// Skip // comments and detect /* comments
 	else if (ignore_to_cmt && lastc=='*' && c=='/') {
-	    ignore_to_cmt = false; if (innum) reading_addr=false; innum=false; 
+	    ignore_to_cmt = false; if (innum) reading_addr=false; innum=false;
 	} else if (!ignore_to_eol && !ignore_to_cmt) {
 	    if (lastc=='/' && c=='*') { ignore_to_cmt = true; }
 	    else if (lastc=='/' && c=='/') { ignore_to_eol = true; }
@@ -355,7 +726,7 @@ const char* Verilated::catName(const char* n1, const char* n2) {
     // Used by symbol table creation to make module names
     static char* strp = NULL;
     static int   len  = -1;
-    int newlen = strlen(n1)+strlen(n2)+2;    
+    int newlen = strlen(n1)+strlen(n2)+2;
     if (newlen > len) {
 	if (strp) delete [] strp;
 	strp = new char[newlen];

include/verilated.h

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// $Id$ -*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 //
 // Copyright 2003-2008 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 // GNU General Public License for more details.
-// 
+//
 //*************************************************************************
 ///
 /// \file
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 ///	all C++ files it generates.  It contains standard macros and
 ///	classes required by the Verilated code.
 ///
-/// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+/// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 ///
 //*************************************************************************
 
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@
 
 #include "verilatedos.h"
 
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstdarg>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <iostream>
 using namespace std;
 
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ struct Verilated {
     // Extern Vars
     // Below two are used as bool, but having as uint32_t avoids conversion time
 private:
-    static int  	s_randReset;		///< Random reset: 0=all 0s, 1=all 1s, 2=random
+    static int		s_randReset;		///< Random reset: 0=all 0s, 1=all 1s, 2=random
     static int		s_debug;		///< See accessors... only when VL_DEBUG set
     static bool		s_calcUnusedSigs;	///< Waves file on, need all signals calculated
     static bool		s_gotFinish;		///< A $finish statement executed
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ public:
 #endif
     /// Internal: Create a new module name by concatenating two strings
     static const char* catName(const char* n1, const char* n2); // Returns new'ed data
-    /// Enable calculation of unused signals 
+    /// Enable calculation of unused signals
     static void calcUnusedSigs(bool flag) { s_calcUnusedSigs=flag; }
     static bool calcUnusedSigs() { return s_calcUnusedSigs; }	///< Return calcUnusedSigs value
     /// Did the simulation $finish?
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ public:
     /// Enable/disable assertions
     static void assertOn(bool flag) { s_assertOn=flag; }
     static bool assertOn() { return s_assertOn; }
-};    
+};
 
 //=========================================================================
 // Extern functions -- User may override -- See verilated.cpp
@@ -179,21 +179,21 @@ extern void vl_fatal  (const char* filename, int linenum, const char* hier,
 		       const char* msg);
 
 //=========================================================================
-// Extern functions -- Init time only, so slow is fine
+// Extern functions -- Slow path
 
+extern IData  VL_RANDOM_I(int obits);	///< Randomize a signal
+extern QData  VL_RANDOM_Q(int obits);	///< Randomize a signal
+extern WDataOutP VL_RANDOM_W(int obits, WDataOutP outwp);	///< Randomize a signal
+
+/// Init time only, so slow is fine
 extern IData  VL_RAND_RESET_I(int obits);	///< Random reset a signal
 extern QData  VL_RAND_RESET_Q(int obits);	///< Random reset a signal
 extern WDataOutP VL_RAND_RESET_W(int obits, WDataOutP outwp);	///< Random reset a signal
 extern WDataOutP VL_ZERO_RESET_W(int obits, WDataOutP outwp);	///< Zero reset a signal
 
-/// Return string with formated Verilog value
-extern const char* VL_VALUE_FORMATTED_W(int obits, char fmt, bool drop0, WDataInP lwp);
-extern const char* VL_VALUE_FORMATTED_Q(int obits, char fmt, bool drop0, QData ld);
-inline const char* VL_VALUE_FORMATTED_I(int obits, char fmt, bool drop0, IData ld) {
-    return VL_VALUE_FORMATTED_Q(obits,fmt,drop0,ld);
-}
-
 /// File I/O
+extern IData VL_FGETS_IXQ(int sbits, void* strgp, QData fpq);
+
 extern QData VL_FOPEN_WI(int fnwords, WDataInP ofilename, IData mode);
 extern QData VL_FOPEN_QI(QData ofilename, IData mode);
 inline QData VL_FOPEN_II(IData ofilename, IData mode) { return VL_FOPEN_QI(ofilename,mode); }
@@ -206,6 +206,14 @@ inline void VL_READMEM_I(bool hex, int width, int depth, int array_lsb, int fnwo
 			 IData ofilename,    void* memp, IData start, IData end) {
     VL_READMEM_Q(hex, width,depth,array_lsb,fnwords, ofilename,memp,start,end); }
 
+extern void VL_WRITEF(const char* formatp, ...);
+extern void VL_FWRITEF(QData fpq, const char* formatp, ...);
+
+extern IData VL_FSCANF_IX(QData fpq, const char* formatp, ...);
+extern IData VL_SSCANF_IIX(int lbits, IData ld, const char* formatp, ...);
+extern IData VL_SSCANF_IQX(int lbits, QData ld, const char* formatp, ...);
+extern IData VL_SSCANF_IWX(int lbits, WDataInP lwp, const char* formatp, ...);
+
 //=========================================================================
 // Base macros
 
@@ -213,9 +221,12 @@ inline void VL_READMEM_I(bool hex, int width, int depth, int array_lsb, int fnwo
 #define VL_BITISSET_I(data,bit) (data & (VL_UL(1)<<VL_BITBIT_I(bit)))
 #define VL_BITISSET_Q(data,bit) (data & (VL_ULL(1)<<VL_BITBIT_Q(bit)))
 #define VL_BITISSET_W(data,bit) (data[VL_BITWORD_I(bit)] & (VL_UL(1)<<VL_BITBIT_I(bit)))
+#define VL_BITISSETLIMIT_W(data,width,bit) (((bit)<(width)) && data[VL_BITWORD_I(bit)] & (VL_UL(1)<<VL_BITBIT_I(bit)))
 
 /// Create two 32-bit words from quadword
-#define VL_SET_WQ(decl,data)	{ decl[0]=(data); decl[1]=((data)>>VL_WORDSIZE); }
+#define VL_SET_WQ(owp,data)	{ owp[0]=(data); owp[1]=((data)>>VL_WORDSIZE); }
+#define VL_SET_WI(owp,data)	{ owp[0]=(data); owp[1]=0; }
+#define VL_SET_QW(lwp)		( ((QData)(lwp[0])) | ((QData)(lwp[1])<<((QData)(VL_WORDSIZE)) ))
 
 // Use a union to avoid cast-to-different-size warnings
 /// Return FILE* from QData
@@ -236,7 +247,7 @@ static inline QData  VL_EXTENDSIGN_Q(int lbits, QData lhs) { return (-((lhs)&(VL
 
 // Debugging prints
 static inline void _VL_DEBUG_PRINT_W(int lbits, WDataInP iwp) {
-    printf("  Data: w%d: ", lbits); 
+    printf("  Data: w%d: ", lbits);
     for (int i=VL_WORDS_I(lbits)-1; i>=0; i--) { printf("%08x ",iwp[i]); }
     printf("\n");
 }
@@ -460,43 +471,92 @@ static inline IData VL_REDOR_W(int words, WDataInP lwp) {
 }
 
 // EMIT_RULE: VL_REDXOR:  oclean=dirty; obits=1;
-static inline IData VL_REDXOR_W(int words, WDataInP lwp) {
-    IData r = lwp[0];
-    for (int i=1; i < words; i++) r ^= lwp[i];
-    r=(r^(r>>1));
-    r=(r^(r>>2));
-    r=(r^(r>>4));
-    r=(r^(r>>8));
-    r=(r^(r>>16));
-    return r;
-}
 static inline IData VL_REDXOR_2(IData r) {
+    // Experiments show VL_REDXOR_2 is faster than __builtin_parityl
     r=(r^(r>>1));
     return r;
 }
 static inline IData VL_REDXOR_4(IData r) {
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4) && !defined(VL_NO_BUILTINS)
+    return __builtin_parityl(r);
+#else
     r=(r^(r>>1)); r=(r^(r>>2));
     return r;
+#endif
 }
 static inline IData VL_REDXOR_8(IData r) {
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4) && !defined(VL_NO_BUILTINS)
+    return __builtin_parityl(r);
+#else
     r=(r^(r>>1)); r=(r^(r>>2)); r=(r^(r>>4));
     return r;
+#endif
 }
 static inline IData VL_REDXOR_16(IData r) {
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4) && !defined(VL_NO_BUILTINS)
+    return __builtin_parityl(r);
+#else
     r=(r^(r>>1)); r=(r^(r>>2)); r=(r^(r>>4)); r=(r^(r>>8));
     return r;
+#endif
 }
 static inline IData VL_REDXOR_32(IData r) {
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4) && !defined(VL_NO_BUILTINS)
+    return __builtin_parityl(r);
+#else
     r=(r^(r>>1)); r=(r^(r>>2)); r=(r^(r>>4)); r=(r^(r>>8)); r=(r^(r>>16));
     return r;
+#endif
 }
 static inline IData VL_REDXOR_64(QData r) {
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4) && !defined(VL_NO_BUILTINS)
+    return __builtin_parityll(r);
+#else
     r=(r^(r>>1)); r=(r^(r>>2)); r=(r^(r>>4)); r=(r^(r>>8)); r=(r^(r>>16)); r=(r^(r>>32));
     return r;
+#endif
+}
+static inline IData VL_REDXOR_W(int words, WDataInP lwp) {
+    IData r = lwp[0];
+    for (int i=1; i < words; i++) r ^= lwp[i];
+    return VL_REDXOR_32(r);
+}
+
+static inline IData VL_CLOG2_I(IData lhs) {
+    // Perhaps can do better using fls GCC4 builtins
+    int n=1;
+    IData chk;
+    if (!lhs) return 0;
+    chk = lhs >> VL_UL(16); if (chk) { n += 16; lhs = chk; }
+    chk = lhs >> VL_UL(8);  if (chk) { n += 8; lhs = chk; }
+    chk = lhs >> VL_UL(4);  if (chk) { n += 4; lhs = chk; }
+    chk = lhs >> VL_UL(2);  if (chk) { n += 2; lhs = chk; }
+    chk = lhs >> VL_UL(1);  if (chk) { n += 1; lhs = chk; }
+    return n;
+}
+static inline IData VL_CLOG2_Q(QData lhs) {
+    // Perhaps can do better using fls GCC4 builtins
+    int n=1;
+    QData chk;
+    if (!lhs) return 0;
+    chk = lhs >> VL_ULL(32); if (chk) { n += 32; lhs = chk; }
+    chk = lhs >> VL_ULL(16); if (chk) { n += 16; lhs = chk; }
+    chk = lhs >> VL_ULL(8);  if (chk) { n += 8; lhs = chk; }
+    chk = lhs >> VL_ULL(4);  if (chk) { n += 4; lhs = chk; }
+    chk = lhs >> VL_ULL(2);  if (chk) { n += 2; lhs = chk; }
+    chk = lhs >> VL_ULL(1);  if (chk) { n += 1; lhs = chk; }
+    return n;
+}
+static inline IData VL_CLOG2_W(int words, WDataInP lwp) {
+    for (int i=words-1; i>=0; i--) {
+	if (lwp[i]) return VL_CLOG2_I(lwp[i])+i*VL_WORDSIZE;
+    }
+    return 0;
 }
 
 // EMIT_RULE: VL_COUNTONES_II:  oclean = false; lhs clean
 static inline IData VL_COUNTONES_I(IData lhs) {
+    // This is faster than __builtin_popcountl
     IData r = lhs - ((lhs >> 1) & 033333333333) - ((lhs >> 2) & 011111111111);
     r = (r + (r>>3)) & 030707070707;
     r = (r + (r>>6));
@@ -829,7 +889,7 @@ static inline IData VL_POW_III(int, int, int rbits, IData lhs, IData rhs) {
     return out;
 }
 
-#define VL_POW_QQI(obits,lbits,rbits,lhs,rhs) VL_POW_QQQ(obits,lbits,rbits,lhs,rhs) 
+#define VL_POW_QQI(obits,lbits,rbits,lhs,rhs) VL_POW_QQQ(obits,lbits,rbits,lhs,rhs)
 
 static inline QData VL_POW_QQQ(int, int, int rbits, QData lhs, QData rhs) {
     if (lhs==0) return 0;
@@ -847,23 +907,23 @@ static inline QData VL_POW_QQQ(int, int, int rbits, QData lhs, QData rhs) {
 
 // INTERNAL: Stuff LHS bit 0++ into OUTPUT at specified offset
 // ld may be "dirty", output is clean
-static inline void _VL_INSERT_II(int, CData& lhsr, IData ld, int hbit, int lbit) { 
+static inline void _VL_INSERT_II(int, CData& lhsr, IData ld, int hbit, int lbit) {
     IData insmask = (VL_MASK_I(hbit-lbit+1))<<lbit;
     lhsr = (lhsr & ~insmask) | ((ld<<lbit) & insmask);
 }
-static inline void _VL_INSERT_II(int, SData& lhsr, IData ld, int hbit, int lbit) { 
+static inline void _VL_INSERT_II(int, SData& lhsr, IData ld, int hbit, int lbit) {
     IData insmask = (VL_MASK_I(hbit-lbit+1))<<lbit;
     lhsr = (lhsr & ~insmask) | ((ld<<lbit) & insmask);
 }
-static inline void _VL_INSERT_II(int, IData& lhsr, IData ld, int hbit, int lbit) { 
+static inline void _VL_INSERT_II(int, IData& lhsr, IData ld, int hbit, int lbit) {
     IData insmask = (VL_MASK_I(hbit-lbit+1))<<lbit;
     lhsr = (lhsr & ~insmask) | ((ld<<lbit) & insmask);
 }
-static inline void _VL_INSERT_QQ(int, QData& lhsr, QData ld, int hbit, int lbit) { 
+static inline void _VL_INSERT_QQ(int, QData& lhsr, QData ld, int hbit, int lbit) {
     QData insmask = (VL_MASK_Q(hbit-lbit+1))<<lbit;
     lhsr = (lhsr & ~insmask) | ((ld<<lbit) & insmask);
 }
-static inline void _VL_INSERT_WI(int, WDataOutP owp, IData ld, int hbit, int lbit) { 
+static inline void _VL_INSERT_WI(int, WDataOutP owp, IData ld, int hbit, int lbit) {
     int hoffset = VL_BITBIT_I(hbit);
     int loffset = VL_BITBIT_I(lbit);
     if (hoffset==VL_SIZEBITS_I && loffset==0) {
@@ -888,7 +948,7 @@ static inline void _VL_INSERT_WI(int, WDataOutP owp, IData ld, int hbit, int lbi
 
 // INTERNAL: Stuff large LHS bit 0++ into OUTPUT at specified offset
 // lwp may be "dirty"
-static inline void _VL_INSERT_WW(int, WDataOutP owp, WDataInP lwp, int hbit, int lbit) { 
+static inline void _VL_INSERT_WW(int, WDataOutP owp, WDataInP lwp, int hbit, int lbit) {
     int hoffset = hbit & VL_SIZEBITS_I;
     int loffset = lbit & VL_SIZEBITS_I;
     int lword = VL_BITWORD_I(lbit);
@@ -934,7 +994,7 @@ static inline void _VL_INSERT_WW(int, WDataOutP owp, WDataInP lwp, int hbit, int
     }
 }
 
-static inline void _VL_INSERT_WQ(int obits, WDataOutP owp, QData ld, int hbit, int lbit) { 
+static inline void _VL_INSERT_WQ(int obits, WDataOutP owp, QData ld, int hbit, int lbit) {
     WData lwp[2]; VL_SET_WQ(lwp,ld);
     _VL_INSERT_WW(obits,owp,lwp,hbit,lbit);
 }
@@ -1214,7 +1274,7 @@ static inline QData VL_SEL_QWII(int, int lbits, int, int, WDataInP lwp, IData ls
 static inline WDataOutP VL_SEL_WWII(int obits,int lbits,int,int,WDataOutP owp,WDataInP lwp, IData lsb, IData width) {
     int msb = lsb+width-1;
     int word_shift = VL_BITWORD_I(lsb);
-    if (msb>lbits) { // Outside bounds, 
+    if (msb>lbits) { // Outside bounds,
 	for (int i=0; i<VL_WORDS_I(obits)-1; i++) owp[i] = ~0;
 	owp[VL_WORDS_I(obits)-1] = VL_MASK_I(obits);
     } else if (VL_BITBIT_I(lsb)==0) {
@@ -1311,32 +1371,32 @@ static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_3X(int obits, WDataOutP o,
     o[0]=d0;  o[1]=d1;  o[2]=d2;
     _END(obits,3);  }
 #define VL_HAVE_CONST_W_4X
-static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_4X(int obits, WDataOutP o, 
+static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_4X(int obits, WDataOutP o,
 				      I d3,I d2,I d1,I d0) {
     o[0]=d0;  o[1]=d1;  o[2]=d2;  o[3]=d3;
     _END(obits,4);  }
 #define VL_HAVE_CONST_W_5X
-static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_5X(int obits, WDataOutP o, 
+static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_5X(int obits, WDataOutP o,
 				      I d4,I d3,I d2,I d1,I d0) {
     o[0]=d0;  o[1]=d1;  o[2]=d2;  o[3]=d3;  o[4]=d4;
     _END(obits,5);  }
 #define VL_HAVE_CONST_W_6X
-static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_6X(int obits, WDataOutP o, 
+static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_6X(int obits, WDataOutP o,
 				      I d5,I d4,I d3,I d2,I d1,I d0) {
     o[0]=d0;  o[1]=d1;  o[2]=d2;  o[3]=d3;  o[4]=d4;  o[5]=d5;
     _END(obits,6);  }
 #define VL_HAVE_CONST_W_7X
-static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_7X(int obits, WDataOutP o, 
+static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_7X(int obits, WDataOutP o,
 				      I d6,I d5,I d4,I d3,I d2,I d1,I d0) {
     o[0]=d0;  o[1]=d1;  o[2]=d2;  o[3]=d3;  o[4]=d4;  o[5]=d5;  o[6]=d6;
     _END(obits,7);  }
 #define VL_HAVE_CONST_W_8X
-static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_8X(int obits, WDataOutP o, 
+static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_8X(int obits, WDataOutP o,
 				      I d7,I d6,I d5,I d4,I d3,I d2,I d1,I d0) {
     o[0]=d0;  o[1]=d1;  o[2]=d2;  o[3]=d3;  o[4]=d4;  o[5]=d5;  o[6]=d6;  o[7]=d7;
     _END(obits,8);  }
 #define VL_HAVE_CONST_W_9X
-static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_9X(int obits, WDataOutP o, 
+static inline WDataOutP VL_CONST_W_9X(int obits, WDataOutP o,
 				      I d8,
 				      I d7,I d6,I d5,I d4,I d3,I d2,I d1,I d0) {
     o[0]=d0;  o[1]=d1;  o[2]=d2;  o[3]=d3;  o[4]=d4;  o[5]=d5;  o[6]=d6;  o[7]=d7;

include/verilated.mk.in

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# $Id$ -*- Makefile -*-
+# -*- Makefile -*-
 ######################################################################
 # DESCRIPTION: Makefile commands for all verilated target files
 #
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ CPPFLAGS += -I. $(VK_CPPFLAGS_ALWAYS) $(VK_CPPFLAGS_WALL)
 VPATH += ..
 VPATH += $(VERILATOR_ROOT)/include
 
-#OPT = -ggdb -DPRINTINITSTR -DDETECTCHANGE 
+#OPT = -ggdb -DPRINTINITSTR -DDETECTCHANGE
 #OPT = -ggdb -DPRINTINITSTR
 CPPFLAGS += $(OPT)
 
@@ -59,11 +59,11 @@ LDFLAGS  += $(USER_LDFLAGS)
 # See the benchmarking section of bin/verilator.
 # Support class optimizations.  This includes the tracing and symbol table.
 # SystemC takes minutes to optimize, thus it is off by default.
-#OPT_SLOW = 
+#OPT_SLOW =
 # Fast path optimizations.  Most time is spent in these classes.
 #OPT_FAST = -O2 -fstrict-aliasing
 #OPT_FAST = -O
-#OPT_FAST = 
+#OPT_FAST =
 
 #######################################################################
 ##### Aggregates

include/verilated.v

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$ -*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 //
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 // GNU General Public License for more details.
-// 
+//
 //=========================================================================
 //
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Include in verilog files to hide verilator defines
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
  `ifdef verilator `else
   `define coverage_block_off
  `endif
- 
+
  // Hide file descriptor difference
  `ifdef verilator
   `define verilator_file_descriptor reg [63:0]

include/verilatedos.h

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// $Id$ -*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 //
 // Copyright 2003-2008 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you can
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 // GNU General Public License for more details.
-// 
+//
 //*************************************************************************
 ///
 /// \file
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 ///	config_build.h.in, code needed by Verilated code only goes into
 ///	verilated.h, and code needed by both goes here (verilatedos.h).
 ///
-/// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+/// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 ///
 //*************************************************************************
 
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ typedef unsigned char           vluint8_t;	///< 8-bit unsigned type
 typedef unsigned short int      vluint16_t;	///< 16-bit unsigned type
 typedef long  			vlsint32_t;	///< 32-bit signed type
 typedef unsigned long           vluint32_t;	///< 32-bit unsigned type
-typedef long long      		vlsint64_t;	///< 64-bit signed type
+typedef long long		vlsint64_t;	///< 64-bit signed type
 typedef unsigned long long      vluint64_t;	///< 64-bit unsigned type
 #elif defined(_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW32__)
 typedef unsigned char           uint8_t;	///< 8-bit unsigned type (backward compatibility)
@@ -92,28 +92,32 @@ typedef unsigned short int      uint16_t;	///< 16-bit unsigned type (backward co
 typedef unsigned long           uint32_t;	///< 32-bit unsigned type (backward compatibility)
 typedef unsigned char           vluint8_t;	///< 8-bit unsigned type
 typedef unsigned short int      vluint16_t;	///< 16-bit unsigned type
-typedef int  			vlsint32_t;	///< 32-bit signed type
+typedef int			vlsint32_t;	///< 32-bit signed type
 typedef unsigned int            vluint32_t;	///< 32-bit unsigned type
-typedef __int64      		vlsint64_t;	///< 64-bit signed type
+typedef __int64			vlsint64_t;	///< 64-bit signed type
 typedef unsigned __int64        vluint64_t;	///< 64-bit unsigned type
 #else // Linux or compliant Unix flavors, -m64
 # include <stdint.h>	// Linux and most flavors
 # include <inttypes.h>	// Solaris
 typedef uint8_t			vluint8_t;	///< 32-bit unsigned type
 typedef uint16_t		vluint16_t;	///< 32-bit unsigned type
-typedef int  			vlsint32_t;	///< 32-bit signed type
+typedef int			vlsint32_t;	///< 32-bit signed type
 typedef uint32_t		vluint32_t;	///< 32-bit signed type
-typedef long long      		vlsint64_t;	///< 64-bit signed type
+typedef long long		vlsint64_t;	///< 64-bit signed type
 typedef unsigned long long	vluint64_t;	///< 64-bit unsigned type
 #endif
 
 //=========================================================================
 // Integer size macros
 
+#define VL_BYTESIZE 8			///< Bits in a byte
+#define VL_SHORTSIZE 16			///< Bits in a short
 #define VL_WORDSIZE 32			///< Bits in a word
 #define VL_QUADSIZE 64			///< Bits in a quadword
 #define VL_WORDSIZE_LOG2 5		///< log2(VL_WORDSIZE)
 
+/// Bytes this number of bits needs (1 bit=1 byte)
+#define VL_BYTES_I(nbits) (((nbits)+(VL_BYTESIZE-1))/VL_BYTESIZE)
 /// Words this number of bits needs (1 bit=1 word)
 #define VL_WORDS_I(nbits) (((nbits)+(VL_WORDSIZE-1))/VL_WORDSIZE)
 

install-sh

@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ fi
 if [ x"$dir_arg" != x ]; then
 	dst=$src
 	src=""
-	
+
 	if [ -d $dst ]; then
 		instcmd=:
 	else

mkinstalldirs

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
 # Created: 1993-05-16
 # Public domain
 
-# $Id:$
-
 errstatus=0
 
 for file

nodist/bisonreader

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
-#$Id$
 ######################################################################
 #
 # Copyright 2007-2008 by Wilson Snyder.
@@ -7,16 +6,16 @@
 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of either the GNU General Public License or the
 # Perl Artistic License.
-# 
+#
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU General Public License for more details.
-# 
+#
 # You should have received a copy of the Perl Artistic License
 # along with this module; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
 # www.cpan.org
-#                                                                           
+#
 ######################################################################
 
 # DESCRIPTION: Debugging of bison output

nodist/dot_importer

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
-# $Id$
 ######################################################################
 #
 # Copyright 2005-2008 by Wilson Snyder <[email protected]>.  This
@@ -50,7 +49,6 @@ cwrite ("graph_export.cpp");
 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 sub usage {
-    print '$Id$ ', "\n";
     pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval => 2);
     exit (1);
 }
@@ -120,7 +118,7 @@ sub cwrite {
     foreach my $edge (@Edges) {
 	$fh->printf("    new V3GraphEdge(gp, %s, %s, %s, %s);\n",
 		    $edge->{from}, $edge->{to},
-		    $edge->{weight}, $edge->{cutable}?"true":"false");	       
+		    $edge->{weight}, $edge->{cutable}?"true":"false");
     }
     $fh->print("}\n");
 }

nodist/dot_pruner

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
-# $Id$
 ######################################################################
 #
 # Copyright 2005-2008 by Wilson Snyder <[email protected]>.  This
@@ -55,7 +54,6 @@ dotwrite();
 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 sub usage {
-    print '$Id$ ', "\n";
     pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval => 2);
     exit (1);
 }
@@ -175,7 +173,7 @@ __END__
 
 =head1 NAME
 
-dot_pruner - 
+dot_pruner -
 
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
 

nodist/invoke_ncverilog

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
-# $Id$
 ######################################################################
 #
 # Copyright 2007-2008 by Wilson Snyder <[email protected]>.  This

nodist/leakchecking.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+export GLIBCPP_FORCE_NEW=1
+compile with -DVL_LEAK_CHECKS
+valgrind --tool=memcheck --leak-check=yes /home/wsnyder/src/verilator/v4/verilator/verilator_bin_dbg -MMD --bin /home/wsnyder/src/verilator/v4/verilator/verilator_bin_dbg --cc -f /home/wsnyder/src/verilator/v4/verilator/test_c/../test_v/input.vc top.v --no-skip-identical 2>&1 | tee ~/d/aa
+valgrind --tool=memcheck --leak-check=yes /home/wsnyder/src/verilator/v4/verilator/verilator_bin_dbg -MMD --bin /home/wsnyder/src/verilator/v4/verilator/verilator_bin_dbg --cc /home/wsnyder/src/verilator/v4/verilator/test_regress/t/t_case_huge.v --no-skip-identical -I/home/wsnyder/src/verilator/v4/verilator/test_regress/t 2>&1 | tee ~/d/aa

nodist/vtree_importer

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
-# $Id$
 ######################################################################
 #
 # Copyright 2005-2008 by Wilson Snyder <[email protected]>.  This
@@ -52,7 +51,6 @@ print '(query-replace-regexp "(\\([0-9a-z_]+\\))" "\\1" nil nil nil)',"\n";
 #----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 sub usage {
-    print '$Id$ ', "\n";
     pod2usage(-verbose=>2, -exitval => 2);
     exit (1);
 }
@@ -292,7 +290,7 @@ sub p_var {
     }
     p "\t";
     {
-	local $Avoid_Hex=1; 
+	local $Avoid_Hex=1;
 	t1;
     }
     p "\t";
@@ -322,7 +320,7 @@ __END__
 
 =head1 NAME
 
-vtree_importer - 
+vtree_importer -
 
 =head1 SYNOPSIS
 

readme.texi

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 \input texinfo @c -*-texinfo-*-
 @c %**start of header
-$c $Id$
 @setfilename readme.info
 @settitle Verilator Installation
 @c %**end of header
@@ -15,13 +14,13 @@ $c $Id$
 This is the Verilator Package.
 
 @menu
-* Copyright::                   
-* Description::                 
-* Obtaining Distribution::      
-* Directory Structure::         
-* Supported Systems::           
-* Installation::                
-* Limitations::                 
+* Copyright::
+* Description::
+* Obtaining Distribution::
+* Directory Structure::
+* Supported Systems::
+* Installation::
+* Limitations::
 @end menu
 
 @node Copyright, Description, Top, Top
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ Verilator is invoked with parameters similar to GCC or Synopsys's VCS.  It
 reads the specified Verilog code, lints it, and optionally adds coverage
 code.  For C++ format, it outputs .cpp and .h files.  For SystemC format,
 it outputs .sp files for the SystemPerl preprocessor available at
-http://veripool.com.
+http://www.veripool.org.
 
 The resulting files are then compiled with C++.  The user writes a little
 C++ wrapper file, which instantiates the top level module.  This is
@@ -56,11 +55,11 @@ The resulting executable will perform the actual simulation.
 @node Obtaining Distribution, Directory Structure, Description, Top
 @section Obtaining Distribution
 
-The latest version is available at 
-@uref{http://veripool.com/verilator.htm}
+The latest version is available at
+@uref{http://www.veripool.org/verilator}
 
 Download the latest package from that site, and decompress.
-@samp{gunzip verilator_version.tar.gz ; tar xvf verilator_version.tar}
+@samp{tar xvzf verilator_version.tgz}
 
 @node Directory Structure, Supported Systems, Obtaining Distribution, Top
 @section Directory Structure
@@ -126,6 +125,12 @@ do a @code{make sc_patch}.
 @item
 Type @samp{./configure} to configure Verilator for your system.
 
+If you are configuring Verilator to be part of a RPM or other
+distribution package system, you may want to use the --enable-defenv
+configure flag.  This will take the current value of VERILATOR_ROOT,
+SYSTEMC, SYSTEMC_ARCH, and SYSTEMPERL and build them as defaults into
+the executable.
+
 @item
 Type @samp{make} to compile Verilator.
 

src/Makefile.in

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-# $Id$ */
+# -*- Makefile -*-
 #*****************************************************************************
 #
 # DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Makefile for verilog source
 #
-# Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+# Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 #
 #*****************************************************************************
 #
@@ -40,12 +40,16 @@ export OBJCACHE_HOSTS := $(shell rschedule --no-allow-reserved --similar hostnam
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(OBJCACHE_HOSTS),)
-export OBJCACHE := 
+export OBJCACHE :=
 else
 export OBJCACHE_JOBS := -j $(shell objcache --jobs "$(OBJCACHE_HOSTS)")
 export OBJCACHE := @objcache --read --write
 endif
 
+UNDER_GIT = $(wildcard ../.git)
+
+#*********************************************************************
+
 obj_opt:
 	mkdir $@
 obj_dbg:
@@ -71,10 +75,10 @@ dbg: ../verilator_bin_dbg
 
 prefiles::
 
-ifeq ($(VERILATOR_AUTHOR_SITE),1)	# Local... Else don't burden users
+ifneq ($(UNDER_GIT),)	# If local git tree... Else don't burden users
 prefiles:: config_rev.h
 # This output goes into srcdir, as we need to distribute it as part of the kit.
-config_rev.h:	config_rev.pl .svn/entries
+config_rev.h:	config_rev.pl ../.git/index
 	$(PERL) config_rev.pl . >$@
 endif
 

src/Makefile_obj.in

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-# $Id$ -*- Makefile -*-
+# -*- Makefile -*-
 #*****************************************************************************
 #
 # DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Makefile for verilog source
 #
-# Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+# Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 #
 #*****************************************************************************
 #
@@ -23,11 +23,28 @@
 srcdir = ..
 incdir = ../../include
 
-PERL = @PERL@
+# Programs
 CC = @CC@
 CXX = @CXX@
 LINK = @CXX@
+LEX = @LEX@
+LFLAGS = -d
+PERL = @PERL@
+YACC = @YACC@
+YFLAGS = -y -d -v
 
+prefix = @prefix@
+
+# Directory in which to install data across multiple architectures
+datarootdir = @datarootdir@
+
+# Directory in which to install package specific files
+# Generally ${prefix}/share/verilator
+pkgdatadir = @pkgdatadir@
+
+# Compile options
+CFG_WITH_DEFENV = @CFG_WITH_DEFENV@
+CPPFLAGSNOWALL += @CPPFLAGS@
 LDFLAGS += @LDFLAGS@
 
 #### End of system configuration section. ####
@@ -48,17 +65,12 @@ COPT = -ggdb -DVL_DEBUG
 endif
 #################
 
-LEX = @LEX@
-LFLAGS = -d
-YACC = @YACC@
-YFLAGS = -y -d -v
-
 #LIBS += -ldl
 #CCMALLOC = /usr/local/lib/ccmalloc-gcc.o -lccmalloc -ldl
 
 LIBS = -lm -lfl
 
-CPPFLAGSNOWALL = -MMD
+CPPFLAGSNOWALL += -MMD
 CPPFLAGSNOWALL += -I. -I$(srcdir) -I$(incdir)
 CPPFLAGSNOWALL += -DYYDEBUG 	# Required to get nice error messages
 #CPPFLAGSNOWALL += -DVL_LEAK_CHECKS 	# If running valgrind or other hunting tool
@@ -70,6 +82,19 @@ CPPFLAGS += -W -Wall -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-char-subscripts -Werror
 #CPPFLAGS += -pedantic-errors
 endif
 
+# Allow RPM builds to specify hardcoded data directories
+# To do this:
+ifeq ($(CFG_WITH_DEFENV),yes)
+ CPPFLAGS += -DDEFENV_SYSTEMC=\"$(SYSTEMC)\"
+ CPPFLAGS += -DDEFENV_SYSTEMC_ARCH=\"$(SYSTEMC_ARCH)\"
+ CPPFLAGS += -DDEFENV_SYSTEMPERL=\"$(SYSTEMPERL)\"
+ ifeq ($(VERILATOR_ROOT),)	# Use what we're given, or intuit
+  CPPFLAGS += -DDEFENV_VERILATOR_ROOT=\"$(pkgdatadir)\"
+ else
+  CPPFLAGS += -DDEFENV_VERILATOR_ROOT=\"$(VERILATOR_ROOT)\"
+ endif
+endif
+
 HEADERS = $(wildcard V*.h v*.h)
 
 ASTGEN = $(srcdir)/astgen
@@ -221,14 +246,19 @@ V3PreProc.o:	V3PreProc.cpp V3PreLex.yy.cpp
 #### Generated files
 
 # Target rule called before parallel build to make generated files
-serial:: V3Ast__gen_classes.h
+serial:: V3Ast__gen_classes.h y.tab.c
 
 V3Ast__gen_classes.h : $(ASTGEN) V3Ast.h V3AstNodes.h
 	$(PERL) $(ASTGEN) -I$(srcdir)  --classes
 
-y.tab.c y.tab.h:	verilog.y $(HEADERS)
+y.tab.h: y.tab.c
+
+# Have only one output file in this rule to prevent parallel make issues
+y.tab.c: verilog.y $(HEADERS)
 	@echo "If you get errors from verilog.y below, try upgrading bison to version 1.875 or newer."
 	${YACC} ${YFLAGS} $<
+	mv y.tab.c y_pregen.tab.c && $(PERL) $(srcdir)/bisonfix < y_pregen.tab.c > y.tab.c
+	mv y.tab.h y_pregen.tab.h && $(PERL) $(srcdir)/bisonfix < y_pregen.tab.h > y.tab.h
 
 V3Lexer_pregen.yy.cpp:	verilog.l y.tab.h $(HEADERS)
 	${LEX} ${LFLAGS} -o$@ $<

src/V3Active.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Break always into sensitivity active domains
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Active's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Note this can be called multiple times.
 //   Create a IACTIVE(initial), SACTIVE(combo)
 //	ALWAYS: Remove any-edges from sense list
@@ -33,8 +32,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <map>
 #include <algorithm>

src/V3Active.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Break always into sensitivity block domains
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3ActiveTop.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Break always into sensitivity active domains
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Active's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Note this can be called multiple times.
 //   Across all ACTIVES
 //	SenTrees are now under each ACTIVE statement, we want them global:
@@ -30,8 +29,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <vector>

src/V3ActiveTop.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Break always into sensitivity block domains
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Assert.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Collect and print statistics
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,8 +20,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <map>
 #include <iomanip>
@@ -106,7 +105,7 @@ private:
 	sentreep->unlinkFrBack();
 	//
 	AstNode* bodysp = NULL;
-	bool selfDestruct = false;	
+	bool selfDestruct = false;
 	if (AstPslCover* snodep = nodep->castPslCover()) {
 	    if (!v3Global.opt.coverageUser()) {
 		selfDestruct = true;

src/V3Assert.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Assertion expansion
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3AssertPre.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Collect and print statistics
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -24,8 +23,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <map>
 #include <iomanip>

src/V3AssertPre.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Assertion pre-expansion
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Ast.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Ast node structures
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,8 +18,8 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <memory>
@@ -83,6 +82,20 @@ void AstNode::init() {
     m_user5Cnt = 0;
 }
 
+string AstNode::encodeName(const string& namein) {
+    string name2 = namein;
+    string out;
+    for (string::iterator pos = name2.begin(); pos != name2.end(); pos++) {
+	if (pos[0]=='_' && pos[1]=='_') {
+	    out += "__ULUL_";
+	    pos++;
+	} else {
+	    out += pos[0];
+	}
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
 string AstNode::shortName() const {
     string pretty = name();
     string::size_type pos;
@@ -114,6 +127,9 @@ string AstNode::prettyName(const string& namein) {
     while ((pos=pretty.find("__PVT__")) != string::npos) {
 	pretty.replace(pos, 7, "");
     }
+    while ((pos=pretty.find("__ULUL_")) != string::npos) {
+	pretty.replace(pos, 7, "");
+    }
     return AstNode::dedotName(pretty);
 }
 
@@ -238,8 +254,8 @@ void AstNode::addNextHere(AstNode* newp) {
 void AstNode::setOp1p(AstNode* newp) {
     UASSERT(newp,"Null item passed to setOp1p\n");
     UDEBUGONLY(if (m_op1p) this->v3fatalSrc("Adding to non-empty, non-list op1"););
-    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_backp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding already linked node");); 
-    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_nextp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding list to non-list op1");); 
+    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_backp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding already linked node"););
+    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_nextp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding list to non-list op1"););
     this->debugTreeChange("-setOp1pThs: ", __LINE__, false);
     newp->debugTreeChange("-setOp1pNew: ", __LINE__, true);
     m_op1p = newp;
@@ -251,8 +267,8 @@ void AstNode::setOp1p(AstNode* newp) {
 void AstNode::setOp2p(AstNode* newp) {
     UASSERT(newp,"Null item passed to setOp2p\n");
     UDEBUGONLY(if (m_op2p) this->v3fatalSrc("Adding to non-empty, non-list op2"););
-    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_backp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding already linked node");); 
-    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_nextp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding list to non-list op2");); 
+    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_backp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding already linked node"););
+    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_nextp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding list to non-list op2"););
     this->debugTreeChange("-setOp2pThs: ", __LINE__, false);
     newp->debugTreeChange("-setOp2pNew: ", __LINE__, true);
     m_op2p = newp;
@@ -264,8 +280,8 @@ void AstNode::setOp2p(AstNode* newp) {
 void AstNode::setOp3p(AstNode* newp) {
     UASSERT(newp,"Null item passed to setOp3p\n");
     UDEBUGONLY(if (m_op3p) this->v3fatalSrc("Adding to non-empty, non-list op3"););
-    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_backp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding already linked node");); 
-    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_nextp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding list to non-list op3");); 
+    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_backp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding already linked node"););
+    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_nextp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding list to non-list op3"););
     this->debugTreeChange("-setOp3pThs: ", __LINE__, false);
     newp->debugTreeChange("-setOp3pNew: ", __LINE__, true);
     m_op3p = newp;
@@ -277,8 +293,8 @@ void AstNode::setOp3p(AstNode* newp) {
 void AstNode::setOp4p(AstNode* newp) {
     UASSERT(newp,"Null item passed to setOp4p\n");
     UDEBUGONLY(if (m_op4p) this->v3fatalSrc("Adding to non-empty, non-list op4"););
-    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_backp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding already linked node");); 
-    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_nextp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding list to non-list op4");); 
+    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_backp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding already linked node"););
+    UDEBUGONLY(if (newp->m_nextp) newp->v3fatalSrc("Adding list to non-list op4"););
     this->debugTreeChange("-setOp4pThs: ", __LINE__, false);
     newp->debugTreeChange("-setOp4pNew: ", __LINE__, true);
     m_op4p = newp;
@@ -627,7 +643,7 @@ void AstNode::iterateListBackwards(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup) {
     while (nodep->m_nextp) nodep=nodep->m_nextp;
     while (nodep) {
 	// Edits not supported: nodep->m_iterpp = &nodep;
-  	nodep->accept(v, vup);
+	nodep->accept(v, vup);
 	if (nodep->backp()->m_nextp == nodep) nodep=nodep->backp();
 	else nodep = NULL;  // else: backp points up the tree.
     }
@@ -648,7 +664,7 @@ void AstNode::iterateAndNext(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup) {
     for (AstNode* nodep=this; nodep;) {
 	AstNode* niterp = nodep;
 	niterp->m_iterpp = &niterp;
-  	niterp->accept(v, vup);
+	niterp->accept(v, vup);
 	// accept may do a replaceNode and change niterp on us...
 	if (!niterp) return;
 	niterp->m_iterpp = NULL;
@@ -665,7 +681,7 @@ void AstNode::iterateAndNextIgnoreEdit(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup) {
     if (!this) return;
     for (AstNode* nodep=this; nodep; ) {
 	AstNode* nnextp = nodep->m_nextp;
-  	nodep->accept(v, vup);
+	nodep->accept(v, vup);
 	nodep = nnextp;
     }
 }

src/V3Ast.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Ast node structure
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -197,7 +197,8 @@ public:
 	TRIWIRE,
 	BLOCKTEMP,
 	MODULETEMP,
-	STMTTEMP
+	STMTTEMP,
+	XTEMP
     };
     enum en m_e;
     inline AstVarType () {};
@@ -209,7 +210,7 @@ public:
 	    "?","GPARAM","LPARAM","GENVAR",
 	    "INTEGER","INPUT","OUTPUT","INOUT",
 	    "SUPPLY0","SUPPLY1","WIRE","IMPLICIT","REG","TRIWIRE",
-	    "BLOCKTEMP","MODULETEMP","STMTTEMP"};
+	    "BLOCKTEMP","MODULETEMP","STMTTEMP","XTEMP"};
 	return names[m_e];};
   };
   inline bool operator== (AstVarType lhs, AstVarType rhs) { return (lhs.m_e == rhs.m_e); }
@@ -250,6 +251,25 @@ public:
 
 //######################################################################
 
+class AstCaseType {
+public:
+    enum en {
+	CASE,
+	CASEX,
+	CASEZ
+    };
+    enum en m_e;
+    inline AstCaseType () {};
+    inline AstCaseType (en _e) : m_e(_e) {};
+    explicit inline AstCaseType (int _e) : m_e(static_cast<en>(_e)) {};
+    operator en () const { return m_e; };
+  };
+  inline bool operator== (AstCaseType lhs, AstCaseType rhs) { return (lhs.m_e == rhs.m_e); }
+  inline bool operator== (AstCaseType lhs, AstCaseType::en rhs) { return (lhs.m_e == rhs); }
+  inline bool operator== (AstCaseType::en lhs, AstCaseType rhs) { return (lhs == rhs.m_e); }
+
+//######################################################################
+
 class AstDisplayType {
 public:
     enum en {
@@ -558,6 +578,7 @@ public:
     string 	shortName() const;	// Name with __PVT__ removed for concatenating scopes
     static string dedotName(const string& namein);	// Name with dots removed
     static string prettyName(const string& namein);	// Name for printing out to the user
+    static string encodeName(const string& namein);	// Encode user name into internal C representation
     string	prettyName() const { return prettyName(name()); }
     FileLine*	fileline() const { return m_fileline; }
     int		width() const { return m_width; }
@@ -650,7 +671,6 @@ public:
     virtual bool same(AstNode* otherp) const { return true; }
     virtual bool maybePointedTo() const { return false; }  // Another AstNode* may have a pointer into this node, other then normal front/back/etc.
     virtual bool broken() const { return false; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return false; }
 
     // INVOKERS
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) = 0;
@@ -681,7 +701,7 @@ struct AstNodeMath : public AstNode {
     virtual ~AstNodeMath() {}
     // METHODS
     virtual string emitVerilog() = 0;  /// Format string for verilog writing; see V3EmitV
-    virtual string emitOperator() = 0;
+    virtual string emitC() = 0;
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return ""; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() = 0; // True if output has extra upper bits zero
 };
@@ -783,7 +803,7 @@ struct AstNodeCond : public AstNodeTriop {
     AstNode*	expr1p() 	const { return op2p()->castNode(); }	// op2 = If true...
     AstNode*	expr2p() 	const { return op3p()->castNode(); }	// op3 = If false...
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k? %r %k: %t)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_COND"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_COND_%nq%lq%rq%tq(%nw,%lw,%rw,%tw, %P, %li, %ri, %ti)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() { return false; } // clean if e1 & e2 clean
     virtual bool cleanLhs() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanRhs() { return false; } virtual bool cleanThs() { return false; } // Propagates up
@@ -1008,7 +1028,7 @@ public:
     AstNodeFTaskRef(FileLine* fl, AstNode* namep, AstNode* pinsp)
 	:AstNode(fl)
 	, m_taskp(NULL) {
-	setOp1p(namep);	addNOp2p(pinsp); 
+	setOp1p(namep);	addNOp2p(pinsp);
     }
     virtual ~AstNodeFTaskRef() {}
     virtual bool broken() const { return m_taskp && !m_taskp->brokeExists(); }

src/V3AstNodes.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Ast node structures
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,8 +20,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <vector>
@@ -304,6 +303,10 @@ void AstCellInline::dump(ostream& str) {
     this->AstNode::dump(str);
     str<<" -> "<<origModName();
 }
+void AstDisplay::dump(ostream& str) {
+    this->AstNode::dump(str);
+    //str<<" "<<displayType().ascii();
+}
 void AstPin::dump(ostream& str) {
     this->AstNode::dump(str);
     if (modVarp()) { str<<" -> "; modVarp()->dump(str); }

src/V3AstNodes.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Ast node structure
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public:
     uint32_t asInt()  const { return num().asInt(); }
     vluint64_t asQuad() const { return num().asQuad(); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }  // Implemented specially
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() { return true; }
     virtual V3Hash sameHash() const { return V3Hash(num().asHash()); }
     virtual bool same(AstNode* samep) const {
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ struct AstRange : public AstNode {
     int	     msbConst()	const { AstConst* constp=msbp()->castConst(); return (constp?constp->asInt():0); }
     int	     lsbConst()	const { AstConst* constp=lsbp()->castConst(); return (constp?constp->asInt():0); }
     int	     elementsConst() const { return msbConst()-lsbConst()+1; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
     virtual V3Hash sameHash() const { return V3Hash(); }
     virtual bool same(AstNode* samep) const { return true; }
 };
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ struct AstArraySel : public AstNodeSel {
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) {
 	V3ERROR_NA; /* How can from be a const? */ }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l%k[%r])"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "%li%k[%ri]"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ struct AstWordSel : public AstNodeSel {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& from, const V3Number& bit) { V3ERROR_NA; }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l[%r])"; } // Not %k, as usually it's a small constant rhsp
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "%li[%ri]"; } // Not %k, as usually it's a small constant rhsp
     virtual bool cleanOut() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanLhs() { return true; } virtual bool cleanRhs() { return true; }
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -206,7 +206,10 @@ struct AstSel : public AstNodeTriop {
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& from, const V3Number& bit, const V3Number& width) {
 	out.opRange(from, bit.asInt()+width.asInt()-1, bit.asInt()); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }  // Implemented specially
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() {
+	return this->widthp()->isOne()
+	    ? "VL_BITSEL_%nq%lq%rq%tq(%nw,%lw,%rw,%tw, %P, %li, %ri)"
+	    : "VL_SEL_%nq%lq%rq%tq(%nw,%lw,%rw,%tw, %P, %li, %ri, %ti)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() { return false; }
     virtual bool cleanLhs() { return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanThs() {return true;}
@@ -254,7 +257,7 @@ private:
 	m_sc=false; m_scClocked=false; m_scSensitive=false;
 	m_usedClock=false; m_usedParam=false;
 	m_sigPublic=false; m_sigModPublic=false;
-	m_funcLocal=false; m_funcReturn=false; 
+	m_funcLocal=false; m_funcReturn=false;
 	m_attrClockEn=false; m_attrIsolateAssign=false;
 	m_fileDescr=false; m_isConst=false; m_isStatic=false;
 	m_trace=false;
@@ -332,9 +335,10 @@ public:
     bool	isSignal() const  { return (varType()==AstVarType::WIRE || varType()==AstVarType::IMPLICIT
 					    || varType()==AstVarType::REG || varType()==AstVarType::INTEGER); }
     bool	isTemp() const { return (varType()==AstVarType::BLOCKTEMP || varType()==AstVarType::MODULETEMP
-					 || varType()==AstVarType::STMTTEMP); }
+					 || varType()==AstVarType::STMTTEMP || varType()==AstVarType::XTEMP); }
     bool	isStatementTemp() const { return (varType()==AstVarType::STMTTEMP); }
     bool	isMovableToBlock() const { return (varType()==AstVarType::BLOCKTEMP || isFuncLocal()); }
+    bool	isPure() const { return (varType()==AstVarType::XTEMP); }
     bool	isParam() const { return (varType()==AstVarType::LPARAM || varType()==AstVarType::GPARAM); }
     bool	isGParam() const { return (varType()==AstVarType::GPARAM); }
     bool	isGenVar() const { return (varType()==AstVarType::GENVAR); }
@@ -531,7 +535,7 @@ public:
 		     && varp()->name()==samep->castVarRef()->varp()->name()); }
     virtual int instrCount() const { return widthInstrs()*(lvalue()?1:instrCountLd()); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }  // Implemented specially
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() { return true; }
 };
 
@@ -554,12 +558,12 @@ public:
     virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstVarXRef(*this);}
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void dump(ostream& str);
-    string	dotted() const { return m_dotted; }	
+    string	dotted() const { return m_dotted; }
     string	prettyDotted() const { return prettyName(dotted()); }
     string	inlinedDots() const { return m_inlinedDots; }
     void	inlinedDots(const string& flag) { m_inlinedDots = flag; }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() { return true; }
     virtual int instrCount() const { return widthInstrs(); }
     virtual V3Hash sameHash() const { return V3Hash(V3Hash(varp()),V3Hash(dotted())); }
@@ -755,7 +759,7 @@ public:
     AstNode*	stmtsp() 	const { return op1p()->castNode(); }	// op1 = List of statements
     void addStmtp(AstNode* nodep) { addOp1p(nodep); }
 };
-  
+
 struct AstGenerate : public AstNode {
     // A Generate/end block
     // Parents: MODULE
@@ -792,7 +796,7 @@ public:
     virtual V3Hash sameHash() const { return V3Hash(m_expect); }
     virtual bool same(AstNode* samep) const { return expect() == samep->castParseRef()->expect(); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
     AstParseRefExp expect() const { return m_expect; }
     // op1 = Components
     AstNode*	lhsp() 		const { return op1p(); }	// op1 = List of statements
@@ -808,7 +812,7 @@ struct AstDot : public AstNode {
     virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstDot(*this);}
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
     AstNode* lhsp() const { return op1p(); }
     AstNode* rhsp() const { return op2p(); }
 };
@@ -1117,7 +1121,7 @@ private:
 public:
     AstCoverDecl(FileLine* fl, int column, const string& type, const string& comment)
 	: AstNodeStmt(fl) {
-	m_text = comment; m_typeText = type; m_column = column; 
+	m_text = comment; m_typeText = type; m_column = column;
     }
     virtual ~AstCoverDecl() {}
     virtual AstType type() const { return AstType::COVERDECL;}
@@ -1191,11 +1195,11 @@ struct AstCase : public AstNodeCase {
     // exprp Children:  MATHs
     // casesp Children: CASEITEMs
 private:
-    bool	m_casex;	// True if casex instead of normal case.
+    AstCaseType	m_casex;		// 0=case, 1=casex, 2=casez
     bool	m_fullPragma;		// Synthesis full_case
     bool	m_parallelPragma;	// Synthesis parallel_case
 public:
-    AstCase(FileLine* fileline, bool casex, AstNode* exprp, AstNode* casesp)
+    AstCase(FileLine* fileline, AstCaseType casex, AstNode* exprp, AstNode* casesp)
 	: AstNodeCase(fileline, exprp, casesp) {
 	m_casex=casex;
 	m_fullPragma=false; m_parallelPragma=false;
@@ -1204,11 +1208,14 @@ public:
     virtual AstType type() const { return AstType::CASE;}
     virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstCase(*this); }
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
-    virtual string  verilogKwd() const { return casex()?"casex":"case"; }
-    bool	casex()	const { return m_casex; }
+    virtual string  verilogKwd() const { return casez()?"casez":casex()?"casex":"case"; }
+    virtual bool same(AstNode* samep) const {
+	return m_casex==samep->castCase()->m_casex; }
+    bool	casex()	const { return m_casex==AstCaseType::CASEX; }
+    bool	casez()	const { return m_casex==AstCaseType::CASEZ; }
     bool	fullPragma()	const { return m_fullPragma; }
-    bool	parallelPragma()	const { return m_parallelPragma; }
     void	fullPragma(bool flag)	{ m_fullPragma=flag; }
+    bool	parallelPragma()	const { return m_parallelPragma; }
     void	parallelPragma(bool flag) { m_parallelPragma=flag; }
 };
 
@@ -1254,6 +1261,7 @@ public:
     virtual AstType type() const { return AstType::DISPLAY;}
     virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstDisplay(*this); }
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
+    virtual void dump(ostream& str);
     virtual string verilogKwd() const { return (filep() ? (string)"$f"+(string)displayType().ascii()
 						: (string)"$"+(string)displayType().ascii()); }
     virtual bool isGateOptimizable() const { return false; }
@@ -1322,6 +1330,101 @@ struct AstFOpen : public AstNodeStmt {
     AstNode*	modep() const { return op3p(); }
 };
 
+struct AstFFlush : public AstNodeStmt {
+    // Parents: stmtlist
+    // Children: file which must be a varref
+    AstFFlush(FileLine* fileline, AstNode* filep)
+	: AstNodeStmt (fileline) {
+	setNOp2p(filep);
+    }
+    virtual ~AstFFlush() {}
+    virtual AstType type() const { return AstType::FFLUSH;}
+    virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstFFlush(*this); }
+    virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
+    virtual string verilogKwd() const { return "$fflush"; };
+    virtual bool isGateOptimizable() const { return false; }
+    virtual bool isPredictOptimizable() const { return false; }
+    virtual bool isSplittable() const { return false; }
+    virtual bool isOutputter() const { return true; }
+    virtual bool isUnlikely() const { return true; }
+    virtual V3Hash sameHash() const { return V3Hash(); }
+    virtual bool same(AstNode* samep) const { return true; }
+    AstNode*	filep() const { return op2p(); }
+    void filep(AstNodeVarRef* nodep) { setNOp2p(nodep); }
+};
+
+struct AstFScanF : public AstNodeMath {
+    // Parents: expr
+    // Children: file which must be a varref
+    // Children: varrefs to load
+private:
+    string	m_text;
+public:
+    AstFScanF(FileLine* fileline, const string& text, AstNode* filep, AstNode* exprsp)
+	: AstNodeMath (fileline), m_text(text) {
+	addNOp1p(exprsp);
+	setNOp2p(filep);
+    }
+    virtual ~AstFScanF() {}
+    virtual AstType type() const { return AstType::FSCANF;}
+    virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstFScanF(*this); }
+    virtual string name()	const { return m_text; }
+    virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
+    virtual string verilogKwd() const { return "$fscanf"; }
+    virtual string emitVerilog() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual bool isGateOptimizable() const { return false; }
+    virtual bool isPredictOptimizable() const { return false; }
+    virtual bool isSplittable() const { return false; }	// SPECIAL: has 'visual' ordering
+    virtual bool isOutputter() const { return true; }	// SPECIAL: makes output
+    virtual bool cleanOut() { return false; }
+    virtual V3Hash sameHash() const { return V3Hash(text()); }
+    virtual bool same(AstNode* samep) const {
+	return text()==samep->castFScanF()->text(); }
+    AstNode*	exprsp()	const { return op1p()->castNode(); }	// op1 = Expressions to output
+    void 	exprsp(AstNode* nodep)	{ addOp1p(nodep); }	// op1 = Expressions to output
+    string 	text()		const { return m_text; }		// * = Text to display
+    void 	text(const string& text) { m_text=text; }
+    AstNode*	filep() const { return op2p(); }
+    void 	filep(AstNodeVarRef* nodep) { setNOp2p(nodep); }
+};
+
+struct AstSScanF : public AstNodeMath {
+    // Parents: expr
+    // Children: file which must be a varref
+    // Children: varrefs to load
+private:
+    string	m_text;
+public:
+    AstSScanF(FileLine* fileline, const string& text, AstNode* fromp, AstNode* exprsp)
+	: AstNodeMath (fileline), m_text(text) {
+	addNOp1p(exprsp);
+	setOp2p(fromp);
+    }
+    virtual ~AstSScanF() {}
+    virtual AstType type() const { return AstType::SSCANF;}
+    virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstSScanF(*this); }
+    virtual string name()	const { return m_text; }
+    virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
+    virtual string verilogKwd() const { return "$sscanf"; }
+    virtual string emitVerilog() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual bool isGateOptimizable() const { return false; }
+    virtual bool isPredictOptimizable() const { return false; }
+    virtual bool isSplittable() const { return false; }	// SPECIAL: has 'visual' ordering
+    virtual bool isOutputter() const { return true; }	// SPECIAL: makes output
+    virtual bool cleanOut() { return false; }
+    virtual V3Hash sameHash() const { return V3Hash(text()); }
+    virtual bool same(AstNode* samep) const {
+	return text()==samep->castSScanF()->text(); }
+    AstNode*	exprsp()	const { return op1p()->castNode(); }	// op1 = Expressions to output
+    void	exprsp(AstNode* nodep)	{ addOp1p(nodep); }	// op1 = Expressions to output
+    string 	text()		const { return m_text; }		// * = Text to display
+    void 	text(const string& text) { m_text=text; }
+    AstNode*	fromp() const { return op2p(); }
+    void 	fromp(AstNode* nodep) { setOp2p(nodep); }
+};
+
 struct AstReadMem : public AstNodeStmt {
 private:
     bool	m_isHex;	// readmemh, not readmemb
@@ -1450,9 +1553,8 @@ struct AstChangeXor : public AstNodeBiComAsv {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opChangeXor(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l ^ %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_CHANGEXOR"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_CHANGEXOR_%li(%lw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "^"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}  // Lclean && Rclean
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -1744,14 +1846,21 @@ struct AstScopeName : public AstNode {
 
 struct AstRand : public AstNodeTermop {
     // Return a random number, based upon width()
-    AstRand(FileLine* fl, int wwidth) : AstNodeTermop(fl) {
-	width(wwidth,wwidth); }
+private:
+    bool	m_reset;	// Random reset, versus always random
+public:
+    AstRand(FileLine* fl, int wwidth, bool reset) : AstNodeTermop(fl) {
+	width(wwidth,wwidth); m_reset=reset; }
+    AstRand(FileLine* fl) : AstNodeTermop(fl), m_reset(false) { }
     virtual ~AstRand() {}
     virtual AstType type() const { return AstType::RAND;}
     virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstRand(*this); }
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "$random"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_RAND_RESET"; }
+    virtual string emitC() {
+	return (m_reset ?
+		"VL_RAND_RESET_%nq(%nw, %P)"
+		:"VL_RANDOM_%nq(%nw, %P)"); }
     virtual bool cleanOut() { return true; }
     virtual bool isGateOptimizable() const { return false; }
     virtual bool isPredictOptimizable() const { return false; }
@@ -1768,7 +1877,7 @@ struct AstTime : public AstNodeTermop {
     virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstTime(*this); }
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "$time"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_TIME"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_TIME_%nq()"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() { return true; }
     virtual bool isGateOptimizable() const { return false; }
     virtual bool isPredictOptimizable() const { return false; }
@@ -1790,7 +1899,7 @@ public:
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual bool cleanOut() { return false; }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }  // Implemented specially
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
     AstNode*	bodysp()	const { return op1p()->castNode(); }	// op1= expressions to print
     virtual bool isSplittable() const { return false; }	// SPECIAL: User may order w/other sigs
     virtual bool isOutputter() const { return true; }
@@ -1814,8 +1923,7 @@ struct AstUnaryMin : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opUnaryMin(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(- %l)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_UNARYMIN"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_UNARYMIN_%lq(%lW, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;}
 };
@@ -1828,7 +1936,7 @@ struct AstRedAnd : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opRedAnd(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(& %l)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_REDAND"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_REDAND_%nq%lq(%nw,%lw, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}
 };
@@ -1841,8 +1949,7 @@ struct AstRedOr : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opRedOr(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(| %l)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_REDOR"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_REDOR_%lq(%lW, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}
 };
@@ -1855,8 +1962,7 @@ struct AstRedXor : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opRedXor(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(^ %l)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_REDXOR"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_REDXOR_%lq(%lW, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return (lhsp()->width()!=1 && lhsp()->width()!=2 && lhsp()->width()!=4
 				     && lhsp()->width()!=8 && lhsp()->width()!=16);}
@@ -1873,8 +1979,7 @@ struct AstRedXnor : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opRedXnor(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(~^ %l)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { v3fatalSrc("REDXNOR should have became REDXOR"); return ""; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
+    virtual string emitC() { v3fatalSrc("REDXNOR should have became REDXOR"); return ""; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}
     virtual int instrCount()	const { return 1+V3Number::log2b(width()); }
@@ -1889,7 +1994,7 @@ struct AstLogNot : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opLogNot(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(! %l)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_LOGNOT"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_LOGNOT_%nq%lq(%nw,%lw, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "!"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}
@@ -1903,9 +2008,8 @@ struct AstNot : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opNot(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(~ %l)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_NOT"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_NOT_%lq(%lW, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "~"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;}
 };
@@ -1918,7 +2022,7 @@ struct AstExtend : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opAssign(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%l"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_EXTEND"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_EXTEND_%nq%lq(%nw,%lw, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}  // Because the EXTEND operator self-casts
     virtual int instrCount()	const { return 0; }
@@ -1932,7 +2036,7 @@ struct AstExtendS : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opExtendS(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%l"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_EXTENDS"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_EXTENDS_%nq%lq(%nw,%lw, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}  // Because the EXTEND operator self-casts
     virtual int instrCount()	const { return 0; }
@@ -1949,7 +2053,7 @@ struct AstSigned : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opAssign(lhs); out.isSigned(false); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k$signed(%l)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;}  // Eliminated before matters
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;}  // Eliminated before matters
     virtual int instrCount()	const { return 0; }
@@ -1965,11 +2069,24 @@ struct AstUnsigned : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opAssign(lhs); out.isSigned(false); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k$unsigned(%l)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;}  // Eliminated before matters
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;}  // Eliminated before matters
     virtual int instrCount()	const { return 0; }
 };
+struct AstCLog2 : public AstNodeUniop {
+    AstCLog2(FileLine* fl, AstNode* lhsp) : AstNodeUniop(fl, lhsp) {}
+    virtual ~AstCLog2() {}
+    virtual AstType type() const { return AstType::CLOG2;}
+    virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstCLog2(*this); }
+    virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
+    virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opCLog2(lhs); }
+    virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k$clog2(%l)"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_CLOG2_%lq(%lW, %P, %li)"; }
+    virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
+    virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}
+    virtual int instrCount()	const { return widthInstrs()*16; }
+};
 struct AstCountOnes : public AstNodeUniop {
     // Number of bits set in vector
     AstCountOnes(FileLine* fl, AstNode* lhsp) : AstNodeUniop(fl, lhsp) {}
@@ -1979,8 +2096,7 @@ struct AstCountOnes : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opCountOnes(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k$countones(%l)"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_COUNTONES"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_COUNTONES_%lq(%lW, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}
     virtual int instrCount()	const { return widthInstrs()*16; }
@@ -1995,7 +2111,7 @@ struct AstIsUnknown : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opIsUnknown(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k$isunknown(%l)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}
 };
@@ -2009,8 +2125,7 @@ struct AstOneHot : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opOneHot(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k$onehot(%l)"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_ONEHOT"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_ONEHOT_%lq(%lW, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}
     virtual int instrCount()	const { return widthInstrs()*4; }
@@ -2025,8 +2140,7 @@ struct AstOneHot0 : public AstNodeUniop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opOneHot0(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k$onehot0(%l)"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_ONEHOT0"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_ONEHOT0_%lq(%lW, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}
     virtual int instrCount()	const { return widthInstrs()*3; }
@@ -2051,7 +2165,7 @@ public:
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { out.opAssign(lhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k$_CAST(%l)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_CAST"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_CAST_%nq%lq(%nw,%lw, %P, %li)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}  // Special cased in V3Cast
     virtual V3Hash sameHash() const { return V3Hash(size()); }
@@ -2061,6 +2175,37 @@ public:
     int size()	const { return m_size; }
 };
 
+struct AstFEof : public AstNodeUniop {
+    AstFEof(FileLine* fl, AstNode* lhsp) : AstNodeUniop(fl, lhsp) {}
+    virtual ~AstFEof() {}
+    virtual AstType type() const { return AstType::FEOF;}
+    virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstFEof(*this); }
+    virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
+    virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { V3ERROR_NA; }
+    virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k$feof(%l)"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "(%li ? feof(VL_CVT_Q_FP(%li)) : true)"; }
+    virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
+    virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}
+    virtual int instrCount()	const { return widthInstrs()*16; }
+    AstNode*	filep() const { return lhsp(); }
+};
+
+struct AstFGetC : public AstNodeUniop {
+    AstFGetC(FileLine* fl, AstNode* lhsp) : AstNodeUniop(fl, lhsp) {}
+    virtual ~AstFGetC() {}
+    virtual AstType type() const { return AstType::FEOF;}
+    virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstFGetC(*this); }
+    virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
+    virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs) { V3ERROR_NA; }
+    virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k$fgetc(%l)"; }
+    // Non-existant filehandle returns EOF
+    virtual string emitC() { return "(%li ? fgetc(VL_CVT_Q_FP(%li)) : -1)"; }
+    virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;} virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;}
+    virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;}
+    virtual int instrCount()	const { return widthInstrs()*64; }
+    AstNode*	filep() const { return lhsp(); }
+};
+
 //======================================================================
 // Binary ops
 
@@ -2073,7 +2218,7 @@ struct AstLogOr : public AstNodeBiComAsv {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opLogOr(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k|| %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_LOGOR"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_LOGOR_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "||"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2089,7 +2234,7 @@ struct AstLogAnd : public AstNodeBiComAsv {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opLogAnd(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k&& %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_LOGAND"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_LOGAND_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "&&"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2105,7 +2250,7 @@ struct AstLogIf : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { V3ERROR_NA; }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k-> %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_LOGIF"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_LOGIF_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "->"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2121,7 +2266,7 @@ struct AstLogIff : public AstNodeBiCom {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { V3ERROR_NA; }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k<-> %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_LOGIFF"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_LOGIFF_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "<->"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2137,9 +2282,8 @@ struct AstOr : public AstNodeBiComAsv {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opOr(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k| %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_OR"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_OR_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "|"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {V3ERROR_NA; return false;}  // Lclean && Rclean
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return false;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2153,9 +2297,8 @@ struct AstAnd : public AstNodeBiComAsv {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opAnd(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k& %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_AND"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_AND_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "&"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {V3ERROR_NA; return false;}  // Lclean || Rclean
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return false;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2169,9 +2312,8 @@ struct AstXor : public AstNodeBiComAsv {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opXor(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k^ %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_XOR"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_XOR_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "^"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}  // Lclean && Rclean
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return false;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2185,9 +2327,8 @@ struct AstXnor : public AstNodeBiComAsv {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opXnor(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k^ ~ %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_XNOR"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_XNOR_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "^ ~"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return false;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2201,9 +2342,8 @@ struct AstEq : public AstNodeBiCom {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opEq(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k== %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_EQ"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_EQ_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "=="; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2217,9 +2357,8 @@ struct AstNeq : public AstNodeBiCom {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opNeq(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k!= %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_NEQ"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_NEQ_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "!="; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2233,9 +2372,8 @@ struct AstLt : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opLt(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k< %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_LT"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_LT_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "<"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2249,9 +2387,8 @@ struct AstLtS : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opLtS(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k< %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_LTS"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_LTS_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return ""; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return false; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2266,9 +2403,8 @@ struct AstGt : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opGt(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k> %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_GT"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_GT_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return ">"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2282,9 +2418,8 @@ struct AstGtS : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opGtS(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k> %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_GTS"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_GTS_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return ""; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return false; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2299,9 +2434,8 @@ struct AstGte : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opGte(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k>= %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_GTE"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_GTE_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return ">="; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2315,9 +2449,8 @@ struct AstGteS : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opGteS(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k>= %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_GTES"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_GTES_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return ""; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return false; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2332,9 +2465,8 @@ struct AstLte : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opLte(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k<= %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_LTE"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_LTE_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "<="; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2348,9 +2480,8 @@ struct AstLteS : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opLteS(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k<= %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_LTES"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_LTES_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return ""; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return false; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2367,7 +2498,7 @@ struct AstShiftL : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opShiftL(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k<< %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_SHIFTL"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_SHIFTL_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "<<"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2384,7 +2515,7 @@ struct AstShiftR : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opShiftR(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k>> %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_SHIFTR"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_SHIFTR_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return ">>"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2401,7 +2532,7 @@ struct AstShiftRS : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opShiftRS(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k>>> %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_SHIFTRS"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_SHIFTRS_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return ""; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2417,9 +2548,8 @@ struct AstAdd : public AstNodeBiComAsv {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opAdd(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k+ %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_ADD"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_ADD_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "+"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return false;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2433,9 +2563,8 @@ struct AstSub : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opSub(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k- %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_SUB"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_SUB_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "-"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return false;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return false;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2449,9 +2578,8 @@ struct AstMul : public AstNodeBiComAsv {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opMul(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k* %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_MUL"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_MUL_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "*"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2466,9 +2594,8 @@ struct AstMulS : public AstNodeBiComAsv {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opMulS(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k* %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_MULS"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_MULS_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return ""; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return false; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2484,8 +2611,7 @@ struct AstDiv : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opDiv(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k/ %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_DIV"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_DIV_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2500,8 +2626,7 @@ struct AstDivS : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opDivS(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k/ %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_DIVS"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return false; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_DIVS_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2517,8 +2642,7 @@ struct AstModDiv : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opModDiv(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k%% %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_MODDIV"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_MODDIV_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2533,8 +2657,7 @@ struct AstModDivS : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opModDivS(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k%% %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_MODDIVS"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return false; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_MODDIVS_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return true;}
@@ -2550,8 +2673,7 @@ struct AstPow : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opPow(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k** %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_POW"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return false; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_POW_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2566,8 +2688,7 @@ struct AstPowS : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opPowS(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k** %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_POWS"; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return false; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_POWS_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return true;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2583,9 +2704,8 @@ struct AstEqCase : public AstNodeBiCom {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opCaseEq(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k=== %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_EQ"; }	// Until have 4 state anyways
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_EQ_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "=="; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2599,9 +2719,8 @@ struct AstNeqCase : public AstNodeBiCom {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opCaseNeq(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k!== %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_NEQ"; }	// Until have 4 state anyways
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_NEQ_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "!="; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2616,9 +2735,8 @@ struct AstEqWild : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opWildEq(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k==? %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_EQ"; }	// Until have 4 state anyways
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_EQ_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "=="; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2632,9 +2750,8 @@ struct AstNeqWild : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opWildNeq(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k(%l %k!=? %r)"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_NEQ"; }	// Until have 4 state anyways
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_NEQ_%lq(%lW, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual string emitSimpleOperator() { return "!="; }
-    virtual bool emitWordForm() { return true; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2650,7 +2767,7 @@ struct AstConcat : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k{%l, %k%r}"; }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opConcat(lhs,rhs); }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_CONCAT"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_CONCAT_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return true;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
@@ -2666,12 +2783,28 @@ struct AstReplicate : public AstNodeBiop {
     virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
     virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { out.opRepl(lhs,rhs); }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k{%l{%k%r}}"; }
-    virtual string emitOperator() { return "VL_REPLICATE"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_REPLICATE_%nq%lq%rq(%nw,%lw,%rw, %P, %li, %ri)"; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
     virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
     virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
     virtual int instrCount()	const { return widthInstrs()*2; }
 };
+struct AstFGetS : public AstNodeBiop {
+    AstFGetS(FileLine* fl, AstNode* lhsp, AstNode* rhsp) : AstNodeBiop(fl, lhsp, rhsp) {}
+    virtual ~AstFGetS() {}
+    virtual AstType type() const { return AstType::FEOF;}
+    virtual AstNode* clone() { return new AstFGetS(*this); }
+    virtual void accept(AstNVisitor& v, AstNUser* vup=NULL) { v.visit(this,vup); }
+    virtual void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs) { V3ERROR_NA; }
+    virtual string emitVerilog() { return "%k$fgets(%l,%r)"; }
+    virtual string emitC() { return "VL_FGETS_%nqX%rq(%lw, %P, &(%li), %ri)"; }
+    virtual bool cleanOut() {return false;}
+    virtual bool cleanLhs() {return true;} virtual bool cleanRhs() {return true;}
+    virtual bool sizeMattersLhs() {return false;} virtual bool sizeMattersRhs() {return false;}
+    virtual int instrCount()	const { return widthInstrs()*64; }
+    AstNode*	strgp() const { return lhsp(); }
+    AstNode*	filep() const { return rhsp(); }
+};
 
 //======================================================================
 // SysVerilog assertions
@@ -3140,7 +3273,7 @@ struct AstCMath : public AstNodeMath {
     virtual bool isPredictOptimizable() const { return false; }
     virtual bool cleanOut() { return true; }
     virtual string emitVerilog() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }  // Implemented specially
-    virtual string emitOperator() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
+    virtual string emitC() { V3ERROR_NA; return ""; }
     virtual V3Hash sameHash() const { return V3Hash(); }
     virtual bool same(AstNode* samep) const { return true; }
 };

src/V3Begin.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Removal of named begin blocks
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Begin's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Each module:
 //	Look for BEGINs
 //	    BEGIN(VAR...) -> VAR ... {renamed}
@@ -29,9 +28,10 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <vector>
 

src/V3Begin.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Removal of named begin blocks
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Branch.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Branch prediction
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -27,8 +26,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <map>
 

src/V3Branch.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Branch prediction
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Broken.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Find broken links in tree
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Broken's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Entire netlist
 //	Mark all nodes
 //	Check all links point to marked nodes
@@ -28,8 +27,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <map>

src/V3Broken.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Find broken links in tree
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Case.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Break case statements up and add Unknown assigns
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Case's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Each module:
 //	TBD: Eliminate tristates by adding __in, __inen, __en wires in parallel
 //	    Need __en in changed list if a signal is on the LHS of a assign
@@ -40,8 +39,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@ private:
 	}
 
 	// Check for X/Z in non-casex statements
-	if (!nodep->castCase() || !nodep->castCase()->casex()) {
+	{
 	    m_caseExprp = nodep;
 	    nodep->exprp()->accept(*this);
 	    for (AstCaseItem* itemp = nodep->itemsp(); itemp; itemp=itemp->nextp()->castCaseItem()) {
@@ -84,11 +83,18 @@ private:
 	}
     }
     virtual void visit(AstConst* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	// See also neverItem
 	if (m_caseExprp && nodep->num().isFourState()) {
 	    if (m_caseExprp->castGenCase()) {
 		nodep->v3error("Use of x/? constant in generate case statement, (no such thing as 'generate casez')");
+	    } else if (m_caseExprp->castCase() && m_caseExprp->castCase()->casex()) {
+		// Don't sweat it, we already complained about casex in general
+	    } else if (m_caseExprp->castCase() && m_caseExprp->castCase()->casez()) {
+		if (nodep->num().isUnknown()) {
+		    nodep->v3warn(CASEWITHX, "Use of x constant in casez statement, (perhaps intended ?/z in constant)");
+		}
 	    } else {
-		nodep->v3error("Use of x/? constant in case statement, (perhaps intended casex/casez)");
+		nodep->v3warn(CASEWITHX, "Use of x/? constant in case statement, (perhaps intended casex/casez)");
 	    }
 	}
     }
@@ -153,20 +159,24 @@ private:
 		//if (debug()>=9) icondp->dumpTree(cout," caseitem: ");
 		AstConst* iconstp = icondp->castConst();
 		if (!iconstp) nodep->v3fatalSrc("above 'can't parse' should have caught this\n");
-		V3Number nummask (itemp->fileline(), iconstp->width());
-		nummask.opBitsNonX(iconstp->num());
-		uint32_t mask = nummask.asInt();
-		V3Number numval  (itemp->fileline(), iconstp->width());
-		numval.opBitsOne(iconstp->num());
-		uint32_t val  = numval.asInt();
-		for (uint32_t i=0; i<(1UL<<m_caseWidth); i++) {
-		    if ((i & mask) == val) {
-			if (!m_valueItem[i]) {
-			    m_valueItem[i] = itemp;
-			} else if (!itemp->ignoreOverlap() && !bitched) {
-			    itemp->v3warn(CASEOVERLAP,"Case values overlap (example pattern 0x"<<hex<<i<<")");
-			    bitched = true;
-			    m_caseNoOverlapsAllCovered = false;
+		if (neverItem(nodep, iconstp)) {
+		    // X in casez can't ever be executed
+		} else {
+		    V3Number nummask (itemp->fileline(), iconstp->width());
+		    nummask.opBitsNonX(iconstp->num());
+		    uint32_t mask = nummask.asInt();
+		    V3Number numval  (itemp->fileline(), iconstp->width());
+		    numval.opBitsOne(iconstp->num());
+		    uint32_t val  = numval.asInt();
+		    for (uint32_t i=0; i<(1UL<<m_caseWidth); i++) {
+			if ((i & mask) == val) {
+			    if (!m_valueItem[i]) {
+				m_valueItem[i] = itemp;
+			    } else if (!itemp->ignoreOverlap() && !bitched) {
+				itemp->v3warn(CASEOVERLAP,"Case values overlap (example pattern 0x"<<hex<<i<<")");
+				bitched = true;
+				m_caseNoOverlapsAllCovered = false;
+			    }
 			}
 		    }
 		}
@@ -235,7 +245,7 @@ private:
 	    //                            new AstConst(cexprp->fileline(), nummask));
 	    AstNode* and1p = new AstSel(cexprp->fileline(), cexprp->cloneTree(false),
 					msb, 1);
-	    AstNode* eqp = new AstNeq(cexprp->fileline(), 
+	    AstNode* eqp = new AstNeq(cexprp->fileline(),
 				      new AstConst(cexprp->fileline(), 0),
 				      and1p);
 	    AstIf* ifp = new AstIf(cexprp->fileline(), eqp, tree1p, tree0p);
@@ -293,19 +303,26 @@ private:
 		for (AstNode* icondp = itemp->condsp(); icondp!=NULL; icondp=icondNextp) {
 		    icondNextp = icondp->nextp();
 		    icondp->unlinkFrBack();
-		    
+
 		    AstNode* and1p;
 		    AstNode* and2p;
 		    AstConst* iconstp = icondp->castConst();
-		    if (iconstp && iconstp->num().isFourState()
-			&& nodep->casex()) {
+		    if (iconstp && neverItem(nodep, iconstp)) {
+			// X in casez can't ever be executed
+			icondp->deleteTree(); icondp=NULL; iconstp=NULL;
+			// For simplicity, make expression that is not equal, and let later
+			// optimizations remove it
+			and1p = new AstConst(itemp->fileline(), V3Number(itemp->fileline(),1,0));
+			and2p = new AstConst(itemp->fileline(), V3Number(itemp->fileline(),1,1));
+		    } else if (iconstp && iconstp->num().isFourState()
+			       && (nodep->casex() || nodep->casez())) {
 			V3Number nummask (itemp->fileline(), iconstp->width());
 			nummask.opBitsNonX(iconstp->num());
 			V3Number numval  (itemp->fileline(), iconstp->width());
 			numval.opBitsOne(iconstp->num());
 			and1p = new AstAnd(itemp->fileline(), cexprp->cloneTree(false),
 					   new AstConst(itemp->fileline(), nummask));
-			and2p = new AstAnd(itemp->fileline(), 
+			and2p = new AstAnd(itemp->fileline(),
 					   new AstConst(itemp->fileline(), numval),
 					   new AstConst(itemp->fileline(), nummask));
 			icondp->deleteTree(); icondp=NULL; iconstp=NULL;
@@ -395,6 +412,17 @@ private:
 	}
     }
 
+    bool neverItem(AstCase* casep, AstConst* itemp) {
+	// Xs in case or casez are impossible due to two state simulations
+	if (casep->casex()) {
+	} else if (casep->casez()) {
+	    if (itemp->num().isUnknown()) return true;
+	} else {
+	    if (itemp->num().isFourState()) return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+    }
+
     // VISITORS
     virtual void visit(AstCase* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	V3Case::caseLint(nodep);

src/V3Case.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Break case statements up and add Unknown assigns
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Cast.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Add C++ casts across expression size changes
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Cast's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Each module:
 //	For each math operator, if above operator requires 32 bits,
 //	and this isn't, cast to 32 bits.
@@ -44,8 +43,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 
@@ -148,7 +147,7 @@ private:
 	    && nodep->backp()->width()
 	    && castSize(nodep) != castSize(nodep->varp())) {
 	    // Cast vars to IData first, else below has upper bits wrongly set
-	    //  CData x=3;  out = (QData)(x<<30); 
+	    //  CData x=3;  out = (QData)(x<<30);
 	    insertCast (nodep, castSize(nodep));
 	}
 	nodep->user(1);

src/V3Cast.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Add C++ casts across expression size changes
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Changed.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Add temporaries, such as for changed nodes
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Changed's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Each module:
 //	Each combo block
 //	    For each variable that comes from combo block and is generated AFTER a usage
@@ -33,8 +32,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <set>

src/V3Changed.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Pre C-Emit stage changes
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Clean.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Add temporaries, such as for clean nodes
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Clean's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Each module:
 //	For each math operator, if it requires a clean operand,
 //	and the operand is dirty, insert a CLEAN node.
@@ -30,8 +29,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 
@@ -55,7 +54,7 @@ private:
 
     // ENUMS
     enum CleanState { UNKNOWN, CLEAN, DIRTY };
-    
+
     // METHODS
     // Width resetting
     int  cppWidth(AstNode* nodep) {

src/V3Clean.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Pre C-Emit stage changes
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Clock.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Clocking POS/NEGEDGE insertion
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Clock's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Top Scope:
 //   Check created ACTIVEs
 //      Compress adjacent ACTIVEs with same sensitivity list
@@ -34,8 +33,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 
@@ -245,12 +244,12 @@ private:
 	//UINFO(4," MOD   "<<nodep<<endl);
 	m_modp = nodep;
 	m_stableNum = 0;
-  	nodep->iterateChildren(*this);
+	nodep->iterateChildren(*this);
     }
     virtual void visit(AstScope* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	//UINFO(4," SCOPE   "<<nodep<<endl);
 	m_scopep = nodep;
-  	nodep->iterateChildren(*this);
+	nodep->iterateChildren(*this);
 	if (AstNode* movep = nodep->finalClksp()) {
 	    if (!m_topScopep) nodep->v3fatalSrc("Final clocks under non-top scope");
 	    movep->unlinkFrBackWithNext();
@@ -416,7 +415,7 @@ private:
 					 new AstConst(fl, 1)));
         preUntilp->addNext(new AstAssign(fl, new AstVarRef(fl, countVarp, true),
 					 new AstConst(fl, 0)));
-	
+
 	// Add stable variables & preinits
 	AstNode* setChglastp = NULL;
 	for (AstVarRef* varrefp = nodep->stablesp(); varrefp; varrefp=varrefp->nextp()->castVarRef()) {

src/V3Clock.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Clocking POS/NEGEDGE insertion
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Combine.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Combine common code into functions
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Combine's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 //	For every function that we spit out
 //	Examine code to find largest common blocks
 //	    Hash each node depth first
@@ -32,13 +31,13 @@
 //		Make new function
 //		Move common block to function
 //		Replace each common block ref with funccall
-//		
+//
 //*************************************************************************
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <vector>
@@ -392,7 +391,7 @@ private:
 	m_hashed.clear();
 	// Compute hash of all statement trees in the function
 	m_state = STATE_HASH;
-  	nodep->iterateChildren(*this);
+	nodep->iterateChildren(*this);
 	m_state = STATE_IDLE;
 	// Walk the hashes removing empty functions
 	if (emptyFunctionDeletion()) {

src/V3Combine.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Combine common code into functions
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Const.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Constant folding
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -27,8 +26,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <map>
 
@@ -39,18 +38,70 @@
 #include "V3Width.h"
 #include "V3Signed.h"
 
+//######################################################################
+// Utilities
+
+class ConstVarMarkVisitor : public AstNVisitor {
+    // NODE STATE
+    // AstVar::userp		-> bool, Var marked, 0=not set yet
+private:
+    // VISITORS
+    virtual void visit(AstVarRef* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	if (nodep->varp()) nodep->varp()->user(1);
+    }
+    virtual void visit(AstNode* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	nodep->iterateChildren(*this);
+    }
+public:
+    // CONSTUCTORS
+    ConstVarMarkVisitor(AstNode* nodep) {
+	AstNode::userClearTree();
+	nodep->iterateAndNext(*this, NULL);
+    }
+    virtual ~ConstVarMarkVisitor() {}
+};
+
+class ConstVarFindVisitor : public AstNVisitor {
+    // NODE STATE
+    // AstVar::userp		-> bool, input from ConstVarMarkVisitor
+    // MEMBERS
+    bool m_found;
+private:
+    // VISITORS
+    virtual void visit(AstVarRef* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	if (nodep->varp() && nodep->varp()->user()) m_found = true;
+    }
+    virtual void visit(AstNode* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	nodep->iterateChildren(*this);
+    }
+public:
+    // CONSTUCTORS
+    ConstVarFindVisitor(AstNode* nodep) {
+	m_found = false;
+	nodep->iterateAndNext(*this, NULL);
+    }
+    virtual ~ConstVarFindVisitor() {}
+    // METHODS
+    bool found() const { return m_found; }
+};
+
 //######################################################################
 // Const state, as a visitor of each AstNode
 
 class ConstVisitor : public AstNVisitor {
 private:
+    // NODE STATE
+    // ** only when m_warn is set.  If state is needed other times,
+    // ** must track down everywhere V3Const is called and make sure no overlaps.
+    // AstVar::userp		-> Used by ConstVarMarkVisitor/ConstVarFindVisitor
+
     // STATE
     bool	m_params;	// If true, propogate parameterized and true numbers only
     bool	m_required;	// If true, must become a constant
     bool	m_wremove;	// Inside scope, no assignw removal
     bool	m_warn;		// Output warnings
     bool	m_cpp;		// C++ conversions only
-    AstModule*	m_modp;		// Current module	
+    AstModule*	m_modp;		// Current module
     AstNode*	m_scopep;	// Current scope
     //int debug() { return 9; }
 
@@ -91,7 +142,7 @@ private:
     }
     bool operandIsTwo(AstNode* nodep) {
 	return (nodep->castConst()
-		&& nodep->width() <= VL_QUADSIZE 
+		&& nodep->width() <= VL_QUADSIZE
 		&& nodep->castConst()->asQuad()==2);
     }
     bool operandIsTwostate(AstNode* nodep) {
@@ -494,10 +545,26 @@ private:
 	    }
 	}
 	else if (!m_cpp && nodep->lhsp()->castConcat()) {
-	    UINFO(4,"  ASSI "<<nodep<<endl);
+	    bool need_temp = false;
+	    if (m_warn && !nodep->castAssignDly()) {  // Is same var on LHS and RHS?
+		ConstVarMarkVisitor mark(nodep->lhsp());
+		ConstVarFindVisitor find(nodep->rhsp());
+		if (find.found()) need_temp = true;
+	    }
+	    if (need_temp) {
+		// The first time we constify, there may be the same variable on the LHS
+		// and RHS.  In that case, we must use temporaries, or {a,b}={b,a} will break.
+		UINFO(4,"  ASSITEMP "<<nodep<<endl);
+		// ASSIGN(CONCAT(lc1,lc2),rhs) -> ASSIGN(temp1,SEL(rhs,{size})),
+		//				  ASSIGN(temp2,SEL(newrhs,{size}))
+		//                                ASSIGN(lc1,temp1),
+		//				  ASSIGN(lc2,temp2)
+	    } else {
+		UINFO(4,"  ASSI "<<nodep<<endl);
+		// ASSIGN(CONCAT(lc1,lc2),rhs) -> ASSIGN(lc1,SEL(rhs,{size})),
+		//				  ASSIGN(lc2,SEL(newrhs,{size}))
+	    }
 	    if (debug()>=9) nodep->dumpTree(cout,"  Ass_old: ");
-	    // ASSIGN(CONCAT(lc1,lc2),rhs) -> ASSIGN(lc1,SEL(rhs,{size})),
-	    //				      ASSIGN(lc2,SEL(newrhs,{size}))
 	    // Unlink the stuff
 	    AstNode*   lc1p    = nodep->lhsp()->castConcat()->lhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
 	    AstNode*   lc2p    = nodep->lhsp()->castConcat()->rhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
@@ -517,14 +584,50 @@ private:
 	    sel2p->width(msb2-lsb2+1,msb2-lsb2+1);
 	    // Make new assigns of same flavor as old one
 	    //*** Not cloneTree; just one node.
-	    AstNodeAssign* asn1p=nodep->cloneType(lc1p, sel1p)->castNodeAssign();
-	    AstNodeAssign* asn2p=nodep->cloneType(lc2p, sel2p)->castNodeAssign();
-	    asn1p->width(msb1-lsb1+1,msb1-lsb1+1);
-	    asn2p->width(msb2-lsb2+1,msb2-lsb2+1);
-	    nodep->addNextHere(asn1p);
-	    nodep->addNextHere(asn2p);
-	    if (debug()>=9) asn1p->dumpTree(cout,"     _new: ");
-	    if (debug()>=9) asn2p->dumpTree(cout,"     _new: ");
+	    AstNode* newp = NULL;
+	    if (!need_temp) {
+		AstNodeAssign* asn1ap=nodep->cloneType(lc1p, sel1p)->castNodeAssign();
+		AstNodeAssign* asn2ap=nodep->cloneType(lc2p, sel2p)->castNodeAssign();
+		asn1ap->width(msb1-lsb1+1,msb1-lsb1+1);
+		asn2ap->width(msb2-lsb2+1,msb2-lsb2+1);
+		newp = newp->addNext(asn1ap);
+		newp = newp->addNext(asn2ap);
+	    } else {
+		if (!m_modp) nodep->v3fatalSrc("Not under module");
+		// We could create just one temp variable, but we'll get better optimization
+		// if we make one per term.
+		string name1 = ((string)"__Vconcswap__"+cvtToStr(m_modp->varNumGetInc()));
+		string name2 = ((string)"__Vconcswap__"+cvtToStr(m_modp->varNumGetInc()));
+		AstVar* temp1p = new AstVar(sel1p->fileline(), AstVarType::BLOCKTEMP, name1,
+					    new AstRange(sel1p->fileline(), msb1-lsb1, 0));
+		AstVar* temp2p = new AstVar(sel2p->fileline(), AstVarType::BLOCKTEMP, name2,
+					    new AstRange(sel2p->fileline(), msb2-lsb2, 0));
+		m_modp->addStmtp(temp1p);
+		m_modp->addStmtp(temp2p);
+		AstNodeAssign* asn1ap=nodep->cloneType
+		    (new AstVarRef(sel1p->fileline(), temp1p, true),
+		     sel1p)->castNodeAssign();
+		AstNodeAssign* asn2ap=nodep->cloneType
+		    (new AstVarRef(sel2p->fileline(), temp2p, true),
+		     sel2p)->castNodeAssign();
+		AstNodeAssign* asn1bp=nodep->cloneType
+		    (lc1p, new AstVarRef(sel1p->fileline(), temp1p, false))
+		    ->castNodeAssign();
+		AstNodeAssign* asn2bp=nodep->cloneType
+		    (lc2p, new AstVarRef(sel2p->fileline(), temp2p, false))
+		    ->castNodeAssign();
+		asn1ap->width(msb1-lsb1+1,msb1-lsb1+1);
+		asn1bp->width(msb1-lsb1+1,msb1-lsb1+1);
+		asn2ap->width(msb2-lsb2+1,msb2-lsb2+1);
+		asn2bp->width(msb2-lsb2+1,msb2-lsb2+1);
+		// This order matters
+		newp = newp->addNext(asn1ap);
+		newp = newp->addNext(asn2ap);
+		newp = newp->addNext(asn1bp);
+		newp = newp->addNext(asn2bp);
+	    }
+	    if (debug()>=9) newp->dumpTreeAndNext(cout,"     _new: ");
+	    nodep->addNextHere(newp);
 	    // Cleanup
 	    nodep->unlinkFrBack()->deleteTree(); nodep=NULL;
 	    conp->deleteTree(); conp=NULL;
@@ -641,7 +744,7 @@ private:
 	    // Recurse rather then calling node->iterate to prevent 2^n recursion!
 	    if (operandConcatMove(abConcp)) moveConcat(abConcp);
 	    bcConcp->deleteTree(); bcConcp=NULL;
-	} else { 
+	} else {
 	    AstConcat* abConcp = nodep->lhsp()->castConcat(); abConcp->unlinkFrBack();
 	    AstNode* ap = abConcp->lhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
 	    AstNode* bp = abConcp->rhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
@@ -913,7 +1016,7 @@ private:
 		 && nodep->ifsp() && nodep->elsesp()) {
 	    UINFO(4,"IF(NOT {x})  => IF(x) swapped if/else"<<nodep<<endl);
 	    AstNode* condp = nodep->condp()->castNot()->lhsp()->unlinkFrBackWithNext();
-	    AstNode* ifsp = nodep->ifsp()->unlinkFrBackWithNext();	
+	    AstNode* ifsp = nodep->ifsp()->unlinkFrBackWithNext();
 	    AstNode* elsesp = nodep->elsesp()->unlinkFrBackWithNext();
 	    AstIf* ifp = new AstIf(nodep->fileline(), condp, elsesp, ifsp);
 	    ifp->branchPred(nodep->branchPred().invert());
@@ -934,7 +1037,7 @@ private:
 	    nodep->deleteTree(); nodep=NULL;
 	}
 	else if (0	// Disabled, as vpm assertions are faster without due to short-circuiting
-		 && operandIfIf(nodep)) {  
+		 && operandIfIf(nodep)) {
 	    UINFO(0,"IF({a}) IF({b}) => IF({a} && {b})"<<endl);
 	    AstNodeIf* lowerIfp = nodep->ifsp()->castNodeIf();
 	    AstNode* condp = nodep->condp()->unlinkFrBack();

src/V3Const.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Propagate constants across AST
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Coverage.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Netlist (top level) functions
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -31,8 +30,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <map>
 
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ private:
     bool	m_checkBlock;	// Should this block get covered?
     AstModule*	m_modp;		// Current module to add statement to
     FileMap	m_fileps;	// Column counts for each fileline
-   
+
     //int debug() { return 9; }
 
     // METHODS
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ private:
 	    column = (it->second)++;
 	}
 
-	AstCoverDecl* declp = new AstCoverDecl(fl, column, type, comment); 
+	AstCoverDecl* declp = new AstCoverDecl(fl, column, type, comment);
 	m_modp->addStmtp(declp);
 
 	return new AstCoverInc(fl, declp);

src/V3Coverage.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Coverage modules/signals together
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Dead.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Dead code elimination
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,13 +20,13 @@
 // DEAD TRANSFORMATIONS:
 //	Remove any unreferenced modules
 //	Remove any unreferenced variables
-//	    
+//
 //*************************************************************************
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <vector>
 #include <map>

src/V3Dead.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Dead branch elimination
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Delayed.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Add temporaries, such as for delayed nodes
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,9 +18,9 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Delayed's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Each module:
-//	Replace ASSIGNDLY var, exp 
+//	Replace ASSIGNDLY var, exp
 //	    With   ASSIGNDLY newvar, exp
 //	    At top of block:  VAR  newvar
 //	    At bottom of block: ASSIGNW var newvar
@@ -54,8 +53,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <map>
@@ -269,7 +268,7 @@ private:
 	AstAlwaysPost* finalp = varrefp->varScopep()->user4p()->castNode()->castAlwaysPost();
 	if (!finalp) {
 	    finalp = new AstAlwaysPost(nodep->fileline(), NULL/*sens*/, NULL/*body*/);
-	    UINFO(9,"     Created "<<finalp<<endl); 
+	    UINFO(9,"     Created "<<finalp<<endl);
 	    m_activep->addStmtsp(finalp);
 	    varrefp->varScopep()->user4p(finalp);
 	}
@@ -284,7 +283,7 @@ private:
 				    new AstVarRef(nodep->fileline(), setvscp, false),
 				    NULL,
 				    NULL);
-	    UINFO(9,"     Created "<<postLogicp<<endl); 
+	    UINFO(9,"     Created "<<postLogicp<<endl);
 	    finalp->addBodysp(postLogicp);
 	    finalp->user5p(setvscp);	// Remember IF's vset variable
 	    finalp->user4p(postLogicp);	// and the associated IF, as we may be able to reuse it
@@ -347,7 +346,7 @@ private:
     virtual void visit(AstVarRef* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	if (!nodep->user2()) {  // Not done yet
 	    nodep->user2(true);
-	    
+
 	    if (m_inDly && nodep->lvalue()) {
 		UINFO(4,"AssignDlyVar: "<<nodep<<endl);
 		markVarUsage(nodep->varp(), VU_DLY);
@@ -401,7 +400,7 @@ private:
 							m_activep->sensesp());
 		    newactp->addStmtsp(prep);	// Add to FRONT of statements
 		    newactp->addStmtsp(postp);
-		    m_activep->addNext(newactp);					
+		    m_activep->addNext(newactp);
 		    dlyvscp->user2p(newactp);
 		}
 		AstVarRef* newrefp = new AstVarRef(nodep->fileline(), dlyvscp, true);

src/V3Delayed.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Pre C-Emit stage changes
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Depth.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Prevent very deep expressions
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Depth's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Each module:
 //	For each wide OP, assign a temporary variable.
 //	For each deep expression, assign expression to temporary.
@@ -30,8 +29,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 
@@ -111,7 +110,7 @@ private:
 	// We have some operator defines that use 2 parens, so += 2.
 	m_depth += 2;
 	if (m_depth>m_maxdepth) m_maxdepth=m_depth;
-	nodep->iterateChildren(*this); 
+	nodep->iterateChildren(*this);
 	m_depth -= 2;
 
 	if (m_stmtp

src/V3Depth.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Prevent very deep expressions
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3DepthBlock.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Prevent very deep expressions
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3DepthBlock's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Each module:
 //	For each deep block, create cfunc including that block.
 //
@@ -27,8 +26,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 

src/V3DepthBlock.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Prevent very deep expressions
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Descope.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Rename scope references to module-local references
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -24,13 +23,13 @@
 //		Change varref name() to be relative to current module
 //		Remove varScopep()
 //	    This allows for better V3Combine'ing.
-//	    
+//
 //*************************************************************************
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <map>
 

src/V3Descope.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Rename scope references to module-local references
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3EmitC.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Emit C++ for tree
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,10 +20,10 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <math.h>
+#include <cmath>
 #include <map>
 #include <vector>
 #include <algorithm>
@@ -79,10 +78,10 @@ public:
     //int debug() { return 9; }
 
     // METHODS
-    void displayEmit(AstDisplay* nodep);
-    string displayFormat(AstNode* widthNode, string in, 
-			 char fmtLetter, bool padZero, bool reallyString);
-    void displayArg(AstDisplay* dispp, AstNode** elistp, string fmt, char fmtLetter); 
+    void displayNode(AstNode* nodep, const string& vformat, AstNode* exprsp, bool isScan);
+    void displayEmit(AstNode* nodep, bool isScan);
+    void displayArg(AstNode* dispp, AstNode** elistp, bool isScan,
+		    string vfmt, char fmtLetter);
 
     void emitVarDecl(AstVar* nodep, const string& prefixIfImp);
     typedef enum {EVL_IO, EVL_SIG, EVL_TEMP, EVL_STATIC, EVL_ALL} EisWhich;
@@ -92,7 +91,8 @@ public:
     void emitIQW(AstNode* nodep) {
 	puts (nodep->isWide()?"W":(nodep->isQuad()?"Q":"I"));
     }
-    void emitOpName(AstNode* nodep, const string& name);
+    void emitOpName(AstNode* nodep, const string& format,
+		    AstNode* lhsp, AstNode* rhsp, AstNode* thsp);
 
     string cFuncArgs(AstCFunc* nodep) {
 	// Return argument list for given C function
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ public:
     }
     virtual void visit(AstCoverDecl* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	puts("__vlCoverInsert(");	// As Declared in emitCoverageDecl
-	puts("&__Vcoverage["); 	
+	puts("&__Vcoverage[");
 	puts(cvtToStr(m_coverIds.remap(nodep))); puts("]");
 	puts(", \"");	puts(nodep->fileline()->filebasename()); puts("\"");
 	puts(", ");	puts(cvtToStr(nodep->fileline()->lineno()));
@@ -231,7 +231,23 @@ public:
 	nodep->lhsp()->iterateAndNext(*this);
 	puts(");\n");
     }
-    virtual void visit(AstDisplay* nodep, AstNUser*);  // BELOW
+    virtual void visit(AstDisplay* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	string text = nodep->text();
+	if (nodep->addNewline()) text += "\\n";
+	displayNode(nodep, text, nodep->exprsp(), false);
+    }
+    virtual void visit(AstFScanF* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	displayNode(nodep, nodep->text(), nodep->exprsp(), true);
+    }
+    virtual void visit(AstSScanF* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	displayNode(nodep, nodep->text(), nodep->exprsp(), true);
+    }
+
+    void checkMaxWords(AstNode* nodep) {
+	if (nodep->widthWords() > VL_TO_STRING_MAX_WORDS) {
+	    nodep->v3error("String of "<<nodep->width()<<" bits exceeds hardcoded limit VL_TO_STRING_MAX_WORDS in verilatedos.h\n");
+	}
+    }
     virtual void visit(AstFOpen* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	nodep->filep()->iterateAndNext(*this);
 	puts(" = VL_FOPEN_");
@@ -243,9 +259,7 @@ public:
 	    puts(cvtToStr(nodep->filenamep()->widthWords()));
 	    putbs(", ");
 	}
-	if (nodep->filenamep()->widthWords() > VL_TO_STRING_MAX_WORDS) {
-	    nodep->v3error("String of "<<nodep->filenamep()->width()<<" bits exceeds hardcoded limit VL_TO_STRING_MAX_WORDS in verilatedos.h\n");
-	}
+	checkMaxWords(nodep->filenamep());
 	nodep->filenamep()->iterateAndNext(*this);
 	putbs(", ");
 	nodep->modep()->iterateAndNext(*this);
@@ -272,9 +286,7 @@ public:
 	puts(cvtToStr(array_lsb));
 	putbs(",");
 	puts(cvtToStr(nodep->filenamep()->widthWords()));
-	if (nodep->filenamep()->widthWords() > VL_TO_STRING_MAX_WORDS) {
-	    nodep->v3error("String of "<<nodep->filenamep()->width()<<" bits exceeds hardcoded limit VL_TO_STRING_MAX_WORDS in verilatedos.h\n");
-	}
+	checkMaxWords(nodep->filenamep());
 	putbs(", ");
 	nodep->filenamep()->iterateAndNext(*this);
 	putbs(", ");
@@ -293,6 +305,17 @@ public:
 	nodep->filep()->iterateAndNext(*this);	// For saftey, so user doesn't later WRITE with it.
 	puts("=0; }\n");
     }
+    virtual void visit(AstFFlush* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	if (!nodep->filep()) {
+	    puts("fflush (stdout);\n");
+	} else {
+	    puts("if (");
+	    nodep->filep()->iterateAndNext(*this);
+	    puts(") { fflush (VL_CVT_Q_FP(");
+	    nodep->filep()->iterateAndNext(*this);
+	    puts(")); }\n");
+	}
+    }
     virtual void visit(AstWhile* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	nodep->precondsp()->iterateAndNext(*this);
 	puts("while (");
@@ -354,26 +377,24 @@ public:
 
     // Operators
     virtual void visit(AstNodeTermop* nodep, AstNUser*) {
-	emitOpName(nodep,nodep->emitOperator());
-	puts(")");
+	emitOpName(nodep, nodep->emitC(), NULL, NULL, NULL);
     }
     virtual void visit(AstNodeUniop* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	if (emitSimpleOk(nodep)) {
 	    putbs("("); puts(nodep->emitSimpleOperator()); puts(" ");
+	    nodep->lhsp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(")");
 	} else {
-	    emitOpName(nodep,nodep->emitOperator());
+	    emitOpName(nodep, nodep->emitC(), nodep->lhsp(), NULL, NULL);
 	}
-	nodep->lhsp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(")");
     }
     virtual void visit(AstNodeBiop* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	if (emitSimpleOk(nodep)) {
 	    putbs("("); nodep->lhsp()->iterateAndNext(*this);
 	    puts(" "); putbs(nodep->emitSimpleOperator()); puts(" ");
+	    nodep->rhsp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(")");
 	} else {
-	    emitOpName(nodep,nodep->emitOperator());
-	    nodep->lhsp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(", ");
+	    emitOpName(nodep, nodep->emitC(), nodep->lhsp(), nodep->rhsp(), NULL);
 	}
-	nodep->rhsp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(")");
     }
     virtual void visit(AstRedXor* nodep, AstNUser* vup) {
 	if (nodep->lhsp()->isWide()) {
@@ -405,10 +426,7 @@ public:
     virtual void visit(AstNodeCond* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	// Widths match up already, so we'll just use C++'s operator w/o any temps.
 	if (nodep->expr1p()->isWide()) {
-	    emitOpName(nodep,nodep->emitOperator());
-	    nodep->condp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(", ");
-	    nodep->expr1p()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(", ");
-	    nodep->expr2p()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(")");
+	    emitOpName(nodep, nodep->emitC(), nodep->condp(), nodep->expr1p(), nodep->expr2p());
 	} else {
 	    putbs("(");
 	    nodep->condp()->iterateAndNext(*this); putbs(" ? ");
@@ -418,16 +436,7 @@ public:
     }
     virtual void visit(AstSel* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	// Note ASSIGN checks for this on a LHS
-	if (nodep->widthp()->isOne()) {
-	    emitOpName(nodep,"VL_BITSEL");
-	    nodep->fromp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(", ");
-	    nodep->lsbp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(")");
-	} else {
-	    emitOpName(nodep,"VL_SEL");
-	    nodep->fromp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(", ");
-	    nodep->lsbp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(", ");
-	    nodep->widthp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(")");
-	}
+	emitOpName(nodep, nodep->emitC(), nodep->fromp(), nodep->lsbp(), nodep->thsp());
     }
     virtual void visit(AstReplicate* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	if (nodep->lhsp()->widthMin() == 1 && !nodep->isWide()) {
@@ -441,24 +450,16 @@ public:
 	    if (nodep->lhsp()) { puts(","+cvtToStr(nodep->lhsp()->widthMin())); }
 	    if (nodep->rhsp()) { puts(","+cvtToStr(nodep->rhsp()->widthMin())); }
 	    puts(",");
+	    nodep->lhsp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(", ");
+	    nodep->rhsp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(")");
 	} else {
-	    emitOpName(nodep,nodep->emitOperator());
+	    emitOpName(nodep, nodep->emitC(), nodep->lhsp(), nodep->rhsp(), NULL);
 	}
-	nodep->lhsp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(", ");
-	nodep->rhsp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts(")");
-    }
-    virtual void visit(AstArraySel* nodep, AstNUser*) {
-	nodep->fromp()->iterateAndNext(*this); putbs("[");
-	nodep->bitp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts("]");
-    }
-    virtual void visit(AstWordSel* nodep, AstNUser*) {
-	nodep->fromp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts("["); // Not putbs, as usually it's a small constant next
-	nodep->bitp()->iterateAndNext(*this); puts("]");
     }
     // Terminals
     virtual void visit(AstVarRef* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	puts(nodep->hiername());
- 	puts(nodep->varp()->name());
+	puts(nodep->varp()->name());
     }
     void emitConstant(AstConst* nodep, AstVarRef* assigntop, const string& assignString) {
 	// Put out constant set to the specified variable, or given variable in a string
@@ -639,7 +640,7 @@ class EmitCImp : EmitCStmts {
 	puts(modClassName(m_modp)+"::"+nodep->name()
 	     +"("+cFuncArgs(nodep)+") {\n");
 
-	puts("VL_DEBUG_IF(cout<<\"  "); 
+	puts("VL_DEBUG_IF(cout<<\"  ");
 	for (int i=0;i<m_modp->level();i++) { puts("  "); }
 	puts(modClassName(m_modp)+"::"+nodep->name()
 	     +"\"<<endl; );\n");
@@ -853,33 +854,95 @@ bool EmitCStmts::emitSimpleOk(AstNodeMath* nodep) {
     return true;
 }
 
-void EmitCStmts::emitOpName(AstNode* nodep, const string& opname) {
-    putbs(opname+"_");
-    if (nodep->emitWordForm()) {
-	emitIQW(nodep->op1p());
-	puts("(");
-	if (nodep->op1p()->isWide()) {
-	    puts(cvtToStr(nodep->op1p()->widthWords()));
-	    puts(", ");
+void EmitCStmts::emitOpName(AstNode* nodep, const string& format,
+			    AstNode* lhsp, AstNode* rhsp, AstNode* thsp) {
+    // Look at emitOperator() format for term/uni/dual/triops,
+    // and write out appropriate text.
+    //  %n*	node
+    //   %nq	  emitIQW on the [node]
+    //   %nw	  width in bits
+    //   %nW	  width in words
+    //   %ni	  iterate
+    //	%l*	lhsp - if appropriate, then second char as above
+    //	%r*	rhsp - if appropriate, then second char as above
+    //	%t*	thsp - if appropriate, then second char as above
+    //	%k	Potential line break
+    //  %P	Wide temporary name
+    //	,	Commas suppressed if the previous field is suppressed
+    string nextComma;
+    bool needComma = false;
+#define COMMA { if (nextComma!="") { puts(nextComma); nextComma=""; } }
+
+    putbs("");
+    for (string::const_iterator pos = format.begin(); pos != format.end(); ++pos) {
+	if (pos[0]==',') {
+	    // Remember we need to add one, but don't do yet to avoid ",)"
+	    if (needComma) {
+		if (pos[1]==' ') { nextComma=", "; }
+		else nextComma = ",";
+		needComma = false;
+	    }
+	    if (pos[1]==' ') { ++pos; } // Must do even if no nextComma
+	}
+	else if (pos[0]=='%') {
+	    ++pos;
+	    bool detail = false;
+	    AstNode* detailp = NULL;
+	    switch (pos[0]) {
+	    case '%': puts("%");  break;
+	    case 'k': putbs("");  break;
+	    case 'n': detail = true; detailp = nodep; break;
+	    case 'l': detail = true; detailp = lhsp; break;
+	    case 'r': detail = true; detailp = rhsp; break;
+	    case 't': detail = true; detailp = thsp; break;
+	    case 'P':
+		if (nodep->isWide()) {
+		    if (!m_wideTempRefp) nodep->v3fatalSrc("Wide Op w/ no temp, perhaps missing op in V3EmitC?");
+		    COMMA;
+		    puts(m_wideTempRefp->hiername());
+		    puts(m_wideTempRefp->varp()->name());
+		    m_wideTempRefp = NULL;
+		    needComma = true;
+		}
+		break;
+	    default:
+		nodep->v3fatalSrc("Unknown emitOperator format code: %"<<pos[0]);
+		break;
+	    }
+	    if (detail) {
+		// Get next letter of %[nlrt]
+		++pos;
+		switch (pos[0]) {
+		case 'q': emitIQW(detailp); break;
+		case 'w': 
+		    COMMA;
+		    puts(cvtToStr(detailp->widthMin()));
+		    needComma = true;
+		    break;
+		case 'W':
+		    if (lhsp->isWide()) {
+			COMMA;
+			puts(cvtToStr(lhsp->widthWords()));
+			needComma = true;
+		    }
+		    break;
+		case 'i':
+		    COMMA;
+		    if (!detailp) { nodep->v3fatalSrc("emitOperator() references undef node"); }
+		    else detailp->iterateAndNext(*this);
+		    needComma = true;
+		    break;
+		default:
+		    nodep->v3fatalSrc("Unknown emitOperator format code: %[nlrt]"<<pos[0]);
+		    break;
+		}
+	    }
+	} else {
+	    // Normal text
+	    if (pos[0] == ')') nextComma="";
+	    COMMA;
+	    string s; s+=pos[0]; puts(s);
 	}
-    } else {
-	emitIQW(nodep);
-	if (nodep->op1p()) { emitIQW(nodep->op1p()); }
-	if (nodep->op2p()) { emitIQW(nodep->op2p()); }
-	if (nodep->op3p()) { emitIQW(nodep->op3p()); }
-	puts("(");
-	puts(cvtToStr(nodep->widthMin()));
-	if (nodep->op1p()) { puts(","+cvtToStr(nodep->op1p()->widthMin())); }
-	if (nodep->op2p()) { puts(","+cvtToStr(nodep->op2p()->widthMin())); }
-	if (nodep->op3p()) { puts(","+cvtToStr(nodep->op3p()->widthMin())); }
-	if (nodep->op1p() || nodep->isWide()) puts(", ");
-    }
-    if (nodep->isWide()) {
-	if (!m_wideTempRefp) nodep->v3fatalSrc("Wide Op w/ no temp, perhaps missing op in V3EmitC?");
-	puts(m_wideTempRefp->hiername());
-	puts(m_wideTempRefp->varp()->name());
-	m_wideTempRefp = NULL;
-	if (nodep->op1p()) puts(", ");
     }
 }
 
@@ -889,13 +952,11 @@ void EmitCStmts::emitOpName(AstNode* nodep, const string& opname) {
 // We only do one display at once, so can just use static state
 
 struct EmitDispState {
-    bool		m_wide;		// Put out a wide func that needs string buffer
     string		m_format;	// "%s" and text from user
     vector<AstNode*>	m_argsp;	// Each argument to be printed
     vector<string>	m_argsFunc;	// Function before each argument to be printed
     EmitDispState() { clear(); }
     void clear() {
-	m_wide = false;
 	m_format = "";
 	m_argsp.clear();
 	m_argsFunc.clear();
@@ -907,18 +968,40 @@ struct EmitDispState {
     }
 } emitDispState;
 
-void EmitCStmts::displayEmit(AstDisplay* nodep) {
-    if (emitDispState.m_format != "") {
+void EmitCStmts::displayEmit(AstNode* nodep, bool isScan) {
+    if (emitDispState.m_format == ""
+	&& nodep->castDisplay()) { // not fscanf etc, as they need to return value
+	// NOP
+    } else {
 	// Format
-	if (nodep->filep()) {
-	    puts("if (");
-	    nodep->filep()->iterate(*this);	// Check if closed, to avoid core dump
-	    puts(") fprintf(VL_CVT_Q_FP(");
-	    nodep->filep()->iterate(*this);
-	    puts("),\"");
+	bool isStmt;
+	if (AstFScanF* dispp = nodep->castFScanF()) {
+	    isStmt = false;
+	    puts("VL_FSCANF_IX(");
+	    dispp->filep()->iterate(*this);
+	    puts(",");
+	} else if (AstSScanF* dispp = nodep->castSScanF()) {
+	    isStmt = false;
+	    checkMaxWords(dispp->fromp());
+	    puts("VL_SSCANF_I"); emitIQW(dispp->fromp()); puts("X(");
+	    puts(cvtToStr(dispp->fromp()->widthMin()));
+	    puts(",");
+	    dispp->fromp()->iterate(*this);
+	    puts(",");
+	} else if (AstDisplay* dispp = nodep->castDisplay()) {
+	    isStmt = true;
+	    if (dispp->filep()) {
+		puts("VL_FWRITEF(");
+		dispp->filep()->iterate(*this);
+		puts(",");
+	    } else {
+		puts("VL_WRITEF(");
+	    }
 	} else {
-	    puts("VL_PRINTF(\"");
+	    isStmt = true;
+	    nodep->v3fatalSrc("Unknown displayEmit node type");
 	}
+	puts("\"");
 	ofp()->putsNoTracking(emitDispState.m_format);
 	puts("\"");
 	// Arguments
@@ -929,162 +1012,133 @@ void EmitCStmts::displayEmit(AstDisplay* nodep) {
 	    ofp()->indentInc();
 	    ofp()->putbs("");
 	    if (func!="") puts(func);
-	    if (argp) argp->iterate(*this);
-	    if (func!="") puts(")");
+	    if (argp) {
+		if (isScan) puts("&(");
+		argp->iterate(*this);
+		if (isScan) puts(")");
+	    }
 	    ofp()->indentDec();
 	}
         // End
-	puts(");\n");
+	puts(")");
+	if (isStmt) puts(";\n");
+	else puts(" ");
 	// Prep for next
 	emitDispState.clear();
     }
 }
 
-string EmitCStmts::displayFormat(AstNode* widthNodep, string in,
-				 char fmtLetter, bool padZero, bool reallyString) {
-    if (fmtLetter=='s') padZero = false;
-    if (widthNodep && widthNodep->isWide()
-	&& (fmtLetter=='d'||fmtLetter=='u')) {
-	widthNodep->v3error("Unsupported: $display of dec format of > 64 bit results (use hex format instead)");
-    }
-    if (widthNodep && widthNodep->widthMin()>8 && fmtLetter=='c') {
-	widthNodep->v3error("$display of char format of > 8 bit result");
-    }
-    string fmt;
-    if (in == "") {
-	// Size naturally
-	if (widthNodep == NULL) fmt="";  // Out of args, will get error
-	if (fmtLetter=='u' || fmtLetter=='d') { // Decimal.  Spec says leading spaces, not zeros
-	    double mantissabits = widthNodep->widthMin() - ((fmtLetter=='d')?1:0);
-	    double maxval = pow(2.0, mantissabits);
-	    double dchars = log10(maxval)+1.0;
-	    if (fmtLetter=='d') dchars++;  // space for sign
-	    int nchars = int(dchars);
-	    fmt=cvtToStr(nchars);
-	} else if (fmtLetter!='s' && fmtLetter!='c') {  // Strings/chars don't get padding
-	    int bitsPerChar = (fmtLetter=='b'?1 : fmtLetter=='o'?3 : 4);
-	    int nchars = (widthNodep->widthMin() + bitsPerChar-1)/bitsPerChar;
-	    if (padZero) fmt=(string)("0")+cvtToStr(nchars);
-	    else fmt=cvtToStr(nchars);
-	}
-    } else if (in == "0") {
-	fmt="";	// No width
-    } else {
-	fmt=in;
-    }
-    return fmt;
-}
-
-void EmitCStmts::displayArg(AstDisplay* dispp, AstNode** elistp, string fmt, char fmtLetter) {
+void EmitCStmts::displayArg(AstNode* dispp, AstNode** elistp, bool isScan,
+			    string vfmt, char fmtLetter) {
     // Print display argument, edits elistp
-    if (!*elistp) {
-	dispp->v3error("Missing arguments for $display format");
+    AstNode* argp = *elistp;
+    if (!argp) {
+	// expectDisplay() checks this first, so internal error if found here
+	dispp->v3error("Internal: Missing arguments for $display format");
 	return;
     }
-    if ((*elistp)->widthMin() > VL_VALUE_STRING_MAX_WIDTH) {
+    if (argp->widthMin() > VL_VALUE_STRING_MAX_WIDTH) {
 	dispp->v3error("Exceeded limit of 1024 bits for any display arguments");
     }
-
-    if ((*elistp)->isWide()	// Have to use our own function for wide,
-	|| fmtLetter=='s'	// ... Verilog strings
-	|| fmtLetter=='b'	// ... binary, no printf %b in C
-	|| fmtLetter=='d') {	// ... Signed decimal
-	// We use a single static string, so must only have one call per VL_PRINT
-	if (emitDispState.m_wide) { displayEmit(dispp); }
-	emitDispState.m_wide = true;
-	string nfmt = displayFormat(*elistp, fmt, fmtLetter, false, true);
-	string pfmt = "%"+nfmt+"s";
-	string func = "VL_VALUE_FORMATTED_";
-	func += ((*elistp)->isWide()) ? "W(" : ((*elistp)->isQuad()) ? "Q(" : "I(";
-	func += (cvtToStr((*elistp)->widthMin())
-		 +",'"+fmtLetter+"'"
-		 +","+(fmt=="0"?"true":"false")+",");
-	emitDispState.pushFormat(pfmt);
-	emitDispState.pushArg(*elistp,func);
-    } else {
-	string func;
-	string nfmt = displayFormat(*elistp, fmt, fmtLetter, true, false);
-	// We don't need to check for fmtLetter=='d', as it is above.
-	if ((*elistp)->isQuad() && (fmtLetter=='u'||fmtLetter=='o'||fmtLetter=='x')) {
-	    nfmt+="ll";
-	    func="(unsigned long long)(";  // Must match %ull to avoid warnings
-	}
-	string pfmt = "%"+nfmt+fmtLetter;
-
-	emitDispState.pushFormat(pfmt);
-	emitDispState.pushArg(*elistp,func);
+    if (argp && argp->isWide()
+	&& (fmtLetter=='d'||fmtLetter=='u')) {
+	argp->v3error("Unsupported: "<<dispp->verilogKwd()<<" of dec format of > 64 bit results (use hex format instead)");
     }
+    if (argp && argp->widthMin()>8 && fmtLetter=='c') {
+	// Technically legal, but surely not what the user intended.
+	argp->v3error(dispp->verilogKwd()<<" of char format of > 8 bit result");
+    }
+
+    //string pfmt = "%"+displayFormat(argp, vfmt, fmtLetter)+fmtLetter;
+    string pfmt;
+    if ((fmtLetter=='u' || fmtLetter=='d')
+	&& !isScan
+	&& vfmt == "") { // Size decimal output.  Spec says leading spaces, not zeros
+	double mantissabits = argp->widthMin() - ((fmtLetter=='d')?1:0);
+	double maxval = pow(2.0, mantissabits);
+	double dchars = log10(maxval)+1.0;
+	if (fmtLetter=='d') dchars++;  // space for sign
+	int nchars = int(dchars);
+	pfmt = string("%") + cvtToStr(nchars) + fmtLetter;
+    } else {
+	pfmt = string("%") + vfmt + fmtLetter;
+    }
+    emitDispState.pushFormat(pfmt);
+    emitDispState.pushArg(NULL,cvtToStr(argp->widthMin()));
+    emitDispState.pushArg(argp,"");
+
     // Next parameter
     *elistp = (*elistp)->nextp();
 }
 
-void EmitCStmts::visit(AstDisplay* nodep, AstNUser*) {
-    string vformat = nodep->text();
-    AstNode* elistp = nodep->exprsp();
+void EmitCStmts::displayNode(AstNode* nodep, const string& vformat, AstNode* exprsp,
+			     bool isScan) {
+    AstNode* elistp = exprsp;
 
     // Convert Verilog display to C printf formats
     // 		"%0t" becomes "%d"
     emitDispState.clear();
-    string fmt = "";
-    string::iterator pos = vformat.begin();
-    if (*pos == '"') pos++;
+    string vfmt = "";
+    string::const_iterator pos = vformat.begin();
     bool inPct = false;
     for (; pos != vformat.end(); ++pos) {
-	if (pos[0]=='"' && (pos+1)==vformat.end()) break;
-	if (inPct && pos[0]=='%') {
-	    emitDispState.pushFormat("%%");  // We're printf'ing it, so need to quote the %
-	    inPct = false;
-	} else if (pos[0]=='%') {
+	//UINFO(1,"Parse '"<<*pos<<"'  IP"<<inPct<<" List "<<(void*)(elistp)<<endl);
+	if (!inPct && pos[0]=='%') {
 	    inPct = true;
-	    fmt = "";
+	    vfmt = "";
 	} else if (!inPct) {   // Normal text
-	    //char text[2]; text[0]=*pos; text[1]='\0';
 	    emitDispState.pushFormat(*pos);
 	} else { // Format character
-	    if (isdigit(pos[0])) {
+	    inPct = false;
+	    switch (tolower(pos[0])) {
+	    case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
+	    case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9':
 		// Digits, like %5d, etc.
-		fmt += pos[0];
-	    } else {
-		inPct = false;
-		switch (tolower(pos[0])) {
-		// Special codes
-		case '~': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,fmt,'d'); break;  // Signed decimal
-		// Spec: h d o b c l
-		case 'b': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,fmt,'b'); break;
-		case 'c': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,fmt,'c'); break;
-		case 't':
-		case 'd': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,fmt,'u'); break;  // Unsigned decimal
-		case 'o': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,fmt,'o'); break;
-		case 'h':
-		case 'x': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,fmt,'x'); break;
-		case 's': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,fmt,'s'); break;
-		case 'm': {
-		    emitDispState.pushFormat("%s");
-		    emitDispState.pushArg(NULL, "vlSymsp->name(");
-		    if (!nodep->scopeNamep()) nodep->v3fatalSrc("Display with %m but no AstScopeName");
-		    for (AstText* textp=nodep->scopeNamep()->scopeAttrp(); textp; textp=textp->nextp()->castText()) {
-			emitDispState.pushFormat(textp->text());
-		    }
-		    break;
-		}
-		case 'u':
-		case 'z':
-		case 'l':
-		case 'v':
-		    nodep->v3error("Unsupported: $display format code: %"<<pos[0]);
-		    break;
-		default:
-		    nodep->v3error("Unknown $display format code: %"<<pos[0]);
-		    break;
+		vfmt += pos[0];
+		inPct = true;  // Get more digits
+		break;
+	    case '%':
+		emitDispState.pushFormat("%%");  // We're printf'ing it, so need to quote the %
+		break;
+	    // Special codes
+	    case '~': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,isScan, vfmt,'d'); break;  // Signed decimal
+	    // Spec: h d o b c l
+	    case 'b': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,isScan, vfmt,'b'); break;
+	    case 'c': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,isScan, vfmt,'c'); break;
+	    case 't':
+	    case 'd': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,isScan, vfmt,'u'); break;  // Unsigned decimal
+	    case 'o': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,isScan, vfmt,'o'); break;
+	    case 'h':
+	    case 'x': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,isScan, vfmt,'x'); break;
+	    case 's': displayArg(nodep,&elistp,isScan, vfmt,'s'); break;
+	    case 'm': {
+		emitDispState.pushFormat("%S");
+		emitDispState.pushArg(NULL, "vlSymsp->name()");
+		if (!nodep->castDisplay()) nodep->v3fatalSrc("Non-Display with %m");
+		AstScopeName* scopenamep = nodep->castDisplay()->scopeNamep();
+		if (!scopenamep) nodep->v3fatalSrc("Display with %m but no AstScopeName");
+		for (AstText* textp=scopenamep->scopeAttrp(); textp; textp=textp->nextp()->castText()) {
+		    emitDispState.pushFormat(textp->text());
 		}
+		break;
+	    }
+	    case 'u':
+	    case 'z':
+	    case 'l':
+	    case 'v':
+		nodep->v3error("Unsupported: $display format code: %"<<pos[0]);
+		break;
+	    default:
+		nodep->v3error("Unknown $display format code: %"<<pos[0]);
+		break;
 	    }
 	}
     }
     if (elistp != NULL) {
-	nodep->v3error("Extra arguments for $display format\n");
+	// expectFormat also checks this, and should have found it first, so internal
+	elistp->v3error("Internal: Extra arguments for $display format\n");
     }
-    if (nodep->addNewline()) emitDispState.pushFormat("\\n");
-    displayEmit(nodep);
+    displayEmit(nodep, isScan);
 }
 
 //######################################################################
@@ -1680,7 +1734,7 @@ void EmitCImp::main(AstModule* modp, bool slow, bool fast) {
     }
 
     emitImp (modp);
-	 
+
     for (AstNode* nodep=modp->stmtsp(); nodep; nodep = nodep->nextp()) {
 	if (AstCFunc* funcp = nodep->castCFunc()) {
 	    if (v3Global.opt.outputSplit() > 1 && splitSize()
@@ -1741,7 +1795,7 @@ class EmitCTrace : EmitCStmts {
 	puts("if (!Verilated::calcUnusedSigs()) vl_fatal(__FILE__,__LINE__,__FILE__,\"Turning on wave traces requires Verilated::traceEverOn(true) call before time 0.\");\n");
 	puts("t->traceInitThis (vlSymsp, vcdp, code);\n");
 	puts("}\n");
-    
+
 	puts("void "+topClassName()+"::traceFull(SpTraceVcd* vcdp, void* userthis, uint32_t code) {\n");
 	puts("// Callback from vcd->dump()\n");
 	puts(topClassName()+"* t=("+topClassName()+"*)userthis;\n");
@@ -1911,7 +1965,7 @@ class EmitCTrace : EmitCStmts {
     }
     virtual void visit(AstCoverInc* nodep, AstNUser*) {
     }
-    
+
 public:
     EmitCTrace(bool slow) {
 	m_funcp = NULL;

src/V3EmitC.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Emit C++ code for module tree
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3EmitCBase.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ -*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Emit C++ for tree
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <math.h>
+#include <cmath>
 
 #include "V3Global.h"
 #include "V3File.h"

src/V3EmitCInlines.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Emit C++ for tree
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,10 +20,10 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <math.h>
+#include <cmath>
 #include <map>
 #include <vector>
 

src/V3EmitCSyms.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Emit C++ for tree
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,10 +20,10 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <math.h>
+#include <cmath>
 #include <map>
 #include <set>
 #include <vector>
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ class EmitCSyms : EmitCBaseVisitor {
     virtual void visit(AstNetlist* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	// Collect list of scopes
 	nodep->iterateChildren(*this);
-	
+
 	// Sort m_scopes by scope name
 	sort(m_scopes.begin(), m_scopes.end(), CmpName());
 	// Output

src/V3EmitMk.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Emit Makefile
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,10 +20,10 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <math.h>
+#include <cmath>
 #include <map>
 #include <vector>
 #include <algorithm>
@@ -79,16 +78,16 @@ public:
 	    of.puts("default: "+v3Global.opt.prefix()+"__ALL.a\n");
 	}
 	of.puts("\n# Constants...\n");
-	of.puts("PERL = "+V3Options::getenvStr("PERL","perl")+"\n");
-	of.puts("VERILATOR_ROOT = "+V3Options::getenvStr("VERILATOR_ROOT","")+"\n");
-	of.puts("SYSTEMPERL = "+V3Options::getenvStr("SYSTEMPERL","")+"\n");
+	of.puts("PERL = "+V3Options::getenvPERL()+"\n");
+	of.puts("VERILATOR_ROOT = "+V3Options::getenvVERILATOR_ROOT()+"\n");
+	of.puts("SYSTEMPERL = "+V3Options::getenvSYSTEMPERL()+"\n");
 
 	of.puts("\n# Switches...\n");
 	of.puts(string("VM_SP = ")+(v3Global.opt.systemPerl()?"1":"0")+"\n");
 	of.puts(string("VM_SC = ")+((v3Global.opt.systemC()&&!v3Global.opt.systemPerl())?"1":"0")+"\n");
 	of.puts(string("VM_SP_OR_SC = ")+(v3Global.opt.systemC()?"1":"0")+"\n");
 	of.puts(string("VM_PCLI = ")+(v3Global.opt.systemC()?"0":"1")+"\n");
-	of.puts(string("VM_SC_TARGET_ARCH = ")+V3Options::getenvStr("SYSTEMC_ARCH","")+"\n");
+	of.puts(string("VM_SC_TARGET_ARCH = ")+V3Options::getenvSYSTEMC_ARCH()+"\n");
 
 	of.puts("\n# Vars...\n");
 	of.puts(string("VM_PREFIX = ")+v3Global.opt.prefix()+"\n");

src/V3EmitMk.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Emit Makefile
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3EmitV.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Emit Verilog from tree
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,10 +20,10 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <math.h>
+#include <cmath>
 #include <map>
 #include <vector>
 #include <algorithm>
@@ -164,19 +163,30 @@ public:
     virtual void visit(AstCoverInc*, AstNUser*) {
 	// N/A
     }
-    virtual void visit(AstDisplay* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+
+    void visitNodeDisplay(AstNode* nodep, AstNode* filep, const string& text, AstNode* exprsp) {
 	putbs(nodep->verilogKwd());
 	putbs(" (");
-	if (nodep->filep()) { nodep->filep()->iterateAndNext(*this); putbs(","); }
+	if (filep) { filep->iterateAndNext(*this); putbs(","); }
 	puts("\"");
-	ofp()->putsNoTracking(nodep->text());
+	ofp()->putsNoTracking(text);
 	puts("\"");
-	for (AstNode* expp=nodep->exprsp(); expp; expp = expp->nextp()) {
+	for (AstNode* expp=exprsp; expp; expp = expp->nextp()) {
 	    puts(",");
 	    expp->iterateAndNext(*this);
 	}
 	puts(");\n");
     }
+    virtual void visit(AstDisplay* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	visitNodeDisplay(nodep, nodep->filep(), nodep->text(), nodep->exprsp());
+    }
+    virtual void visit(AstFScanF* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	visitNodeDisplay(nodep, nodep->filep(), nodep->text(), nodep->exprsp());
+    }
+    virtual void visit(AstSScanF* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	visitNodeDisplay(nodep, nodep->fromp(), nodep->text(), nodep->exprsp());
+    }
+
     virtual void visit(AstFOpen* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	putbs(nodep->verilogKwd());
 	putbs(" (");
@@ -193,6 +203,12 @@ public:
 	if (nodep->filep()) nodep->filep()->iterateChildren(*this);
 	puts(");\n");
     }
+    virtual void visit(AstFFlush* nodep, AstNUser*) {
+	putbs(nodep->verilogKwd());
+	putbs(" (");
+	if (nodep->filep()) nodep->filep()->iterateChildren(*this);
+	puts(");\n");
+    }
     virtual void visit(AstReadMem* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	putbs(nodep->verilogKwd());
 	putbs(" (");
@@ -368,12 +384,12 @@ public:
     // Terminals
     virtual void visit(AstVarRef* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	puts(nodep->hiername());
- 	puts(nodep->varp()->name());
+	puts(nodep->varp()->name());
     }
     virtual void visit(AstVarXRef* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	puts(nodep->dotted());
 	puts(".");
- 	puts(nodep->varp()->name());
+	puts(nodep->varp()->name());
     }
     virtual void visit(AstConst* nodep, AstNUser*) {
 	puts(nodep->num().ascii(true,true));

src/V3EmitV.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+//-*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Emit Verilog code for module tree
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Error.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Error handling
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,9 +18,9 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
-#include <string.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <set>
 #include "V3Error.h"
 #ifndef _V3ERROR_NO_GLOBAL_
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ bool V3Error::s_pretendError[V3ErrorCode::MAX];
 struct v3errorIniter {
     v3errorIniter() {  V3Error::init(); };
 };
-v3errorIniter v3errorInit; 
+v3errorIniter v3errorInit;
 
 //######################################################################
 // ErrorCode class functions
@@ -203,7 +202,7 @@ void FileLine::deleteAllRemaining() {
     while (1) {
 	FileLineCheckSet::iterator it=fileLineLeakChecks.begin();
 	if (it==fileLineLeakChecks.end()) break;
-	delete *it;  
+	delete *it;
 	// Operator delete will remove the iterated object from the list.
 	// Eventually the list will be empty and terminate the loop.
     }
@@ -243,8 +242,8 @@ void V3Error::incWarnings() {
 
 void V3Error::incErrors() {
     s_errCount++;
-    if (errorCount() == MAX_ERRORS) {  // Not >= as would otherwise recurse
-	v3fatal ("Exiting due to too many errors encountered\n");
+    if (errorCount() == v3Global.opt.errorLimit()) {  // Not >= as would otherwise recurse
+	v3fatal ("Exiting due to too many errors encountered; --error-limit="<<errorCount()<<endl);
     }
 }
 
@@ -262,6 +261,7 @@ void V3Error::abortIfWarnings() {
 
 bool V3Error::isError(V3ErrorCode code) {
     if (code==V3ErrorCode::SUPPRESS) return false;
+    else if (code==V3ErrorCode::INFO) return false;
     else if (code==V3ErrorCode::FATAL) return true;
     else if (code==V3ErrorCode::ERROR) return true;
     else if (code<V3ErrorCode::FIRST_WARN
@@ -271,6 +271,7 @@ bool V3Error::isError(V3ErrorCode code) {
 
 string V3Error::msgPrefix(V3ErrorCode code) {
     if (code==V3ErrorCode::SUPPRESS) return "-arning-suppressed: ";
+    else if (code==V3ErrorCode::INFO) return "-Info: ";
     else if (code==V3ErrorCode::FATAL) return "%Error: ";
     else if (code==V3ErrorCode::ERROR) return "%Error: ";
     else if (isError(code)) return "%Error-"+(string)code.ascii()+": ";
@@ -312,7 +313,8 @@ void V3Error::v3errorEnd (ostringstream& sstr) {
 	if (sstr.str()[sstr.str().length()-1] != '\n') {
 	    cerr<<endl;
 	}
-	if (s_errorCode!=V3ErrorCode::SUPPRESS) {
+	if (s_errorCode!=V3ErrorCode::SUPPRESS
+	    && s_errorCode!=V3ErrorCode::INFO) {
 	    if (!s_describedEachWarn[s_errorCode]
 		&& !s_pretendError[s_errorCode]) {
 		s_describedEachWarn[s_errorCode] = true;

src/V3Error.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Error handling
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ class V3ErrorCode {
 public:
     enum en {
 	SUPPRESS,	// Warning suppressed by user
+	INFO,		// General information out
 	FATAL,		// Kill the program
 	ERROR,		// General error out, can't suppress
 	// Error codes:
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ public:
 	BLKANDNBLK,	// Blocked and non-blocking assignments to same variable
 	CASEINCOMPLETE,	// Case statement has missing values
 	CASEOVERLAP,	// Case statements overlap
+	CASEWITHX,	// Case with X values
 	CASEX,		// Casex
 	CMPCONST,	// Comparison is constant due to limited range
 	COMBDLY,	// Combinatorial delayed assignment
@@ -53,6 +55,7 @@ public:
 	IMPLICIT,	// Implicit wire
 	IMPURE,		// Impure function not being inlined
 	MULTIDRIVEN,	// Driven from multiple blocks
+	REDEFMACRO,	// Redefining existing define macro
 	UNDRIVEN,	// No drivers
 	UNOPT,		// Unoptimizable block
 	UNOPTFLAT,	// Unoptimizable block after flattening
@@ -60,6 +63,7 @@ public:
 	UNUSED,		// No receivers
 	VARHIDDEN,	// Hiding variable
 	WIDTH,		// Width mismatch
+	WIDTHCONCAT,	// Unsized numbers/parameters in concatenations
 	MAX
 	// ***Add new elements below also***
     };
@@ -72,15 +76,15 @@ public:
     const char* ascii() const {
 	const char* names[] = {
 	    // Leading spaces indicate it can't be disabled.
-	    " SUPPRESS", " FATAL", " ERROR",
+	    " SUPPRESS", " INFO", " FATAL", " ERROR",
 	     "MULTITOP", "TASKNSVAR",
 	    " FIRST_WARN",
 	    "BLKANDNBLK",
-	    "CASEINCOMPLETE", "CASEOVERLAP", "CASEX", "CMPCONST",
+	    "CASEINCOMPLETE", "CASEOVERLAP", "CASEWITHX", "CASEX", "CMPCONST",
 	    "COMBDLY", "STMTDLY", "GENCLK", "IMPLICIT", "IMPURE",
-	    "MULTIDRIVEN",
+	    "MULTIDRIVEN", "REDEFMACRO",
 	    "UNDRIVEN", "UNOPT", "UNOPTFLAT", "UNSIGNED", "UNUSED",
-	    "VARHIDDEN", "WIDTH",
+	    "VARHIDDEN", "WIDTH", "WIDTHCONCAT",
 	    " MAX"
 	};
 	return names[m_e];
@@ -92,7 +96,8 @@ public:
     bool pretendError() const { return ( m_e==BLKANDNBLK || m_e==IMPURE); };
     // Warnings that are lint only
     bool lintError() const { return ( m_e==CASEINCOMPLETE || m_e==CASEOVERLAP
-				      || m_e==CASEX || m_e==CMPCONST
+				      || m_e==CASEWITHX || m_e==CASEX
+				      || m_e==CMPCONST
 				      || m_e==IMPLICIT
 				      || m_e==UNDRIVEN || m_e==UNSIGNED
 				      || m_e==UNUSED || m_e==VARHIDDEN
@@ -157,6 +162,7 @@ inline void v3errorEnd(ostringstream& sstr) { V3Error::v3errorEnd(sstr); }
 
 // These allow errors using << operators: v3error("foo"<<"bar");
 // Careful, you can't put () around msg, as you would in most macro definitions
+#define v3info(msg)  v3errorEnd(((V3Error::v3errorPrep(V3ErrorCode::INFO)<<msg),V3Error::v3errorStr()));
 #define v3fatal(msg) v3errorEnd(((V3Error::v3errorPrep(V3ErrorCode::FATAL)<<msg),V3Error::v3errorStr()));
 #define v3error(msg) v3errorEnd(((V3Error::v3errorPrep(V3ErrorCode::ERROR)<<msg),V3Error::v3errorStr()));
 #define v3warn(code,msg) v3errorEnd(((V3Error::v3errorPrep(V3ErrorCode::code)<<msg),V3Error::v3errorStr()));

src/V3Expand.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Add temporaries, such as for expand nodes
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Expand's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Each module:
 //	Expand verilated.h macros into internal micro optimizations (RTL)
 //	this will enable later optimizations.
@@ -32,8 +31,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 
@@ -168,7 +167,7 @@ private:
 	}
 	return newp;
     }
-	
+
     AstNode* newSelBitWord(AstNode* lsbp, int wordAdder) {
 	// Return equation to get the VL_BITWORD of a constant or non-constant
 	if (lsbp->castConst()) {
@@ -355,7 +354,7 @@ private:
 	    AstNode* lowwordp = new AstWordSel (nodep->fromp()->fileline(),
 						nodep->fromp()->cloneTree(true),
 						newSelBitWord(nodep->lsbp(), 0));
-	    if (nodep->isQuad() && !lowwordp->isQuad()) lowwordp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), lowwordp, nodep); 
+	    if (nodep->isQuad() && !lowwordp->isQuad()) lowwordp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), lowwordp, nodep);
 	    AstNode* lowp = new AstShiftR (nodep->fileline(),
 					   lowwordp,
 					   newSelBitBit(nodep->lsbp()),
@@ -368,7 +367,7 @@ private:
 		    new AstWordSel (nodep->fromp()->fileline(),
 				    nodep->fromp()->cloneTree(true),
 				    newSelBitWord(nodep->lsbp(), 1));
-		if (nodep->isQuad() && !midwordp->isQuad()) midwordp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), midwordp, nodep); 
+		if (nodep->isQuad() && !midwordp->isQuad()) midwordp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), midwordp, nodep);
 		// If we're selecting bit zero, then all 32 bits in word 1 get shifted << by 32 bits
 		// else we need to form the lower word, so we << by 31 or less
 		// nbitsfromlow <= (lsb==0) ? 64-bitbit(lsb) : 32-bitbit(lsb)
@@ -406,7 +405,7 @@ private:
 		    new AstWordSel (nodep->fromp()->fileline(),
 				    nodep->fromp()->cloneTree(true),
 				    newSelBitWord(nodep->lsbp(), 2));
-		if (nodep->isQuad() && !hiwordp->isQuad()) hiwordp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), hiwordp, nodep); 
+		if (nodep->isQuad() && !hiwordp->isQuad()) hiwordp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), hiwordp, nodep);
 		AstNode* himayp =
 		    new AstShiftL (nodep->fileline(),
 				   hiwordp,
@@ -434,7 +433,7 @@ private:
 	    UINFO(8,"    SEL->SHIFT "<<nodep<<endl);
 	    AstNode* fromp = nodep->fromp()->unlinkFrBack();
 	    AstNode* lsbp = nodep->lsbp()->unlinkFrBack();
-	    if (nodep->isQuad() && !fromp->isQuad()) fromp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), fromp, nodep); 
+	    if (nodep->isQuad() && !fromp->isQuad()) fromp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), fromp, nodep);
 	    AstNode* newp = new AstShiftR (nodep->fileline(),
 					   fromp,
 					   dropCondBound(lsbp),
@@ -504,7 +503,7 @@ private:
 	bool destwide = lhsp->fromp()->isWide();
 	bool ones = nodep->rhsp()->isAllOnesV();
 	if (lhsp->lsbp()->castConst()) {
-	    // The code should work without this constant test, but it won't 
+	    // The code should work without this constant test, but it won't
 	    // constify as nicely as we'd like.
 	    AstNode* rhsp = nodep->rhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
 	    AstNode* destp = lhsp->fromp()->unlinkFrBack();
@@ -592,7 +591,7 @@ private:
 		//   For wide destp, we can either form a equation for every destination word,
 		// with the appropriate long equation of if it's being written or not.
 		//   Or, we can use a LHS variable arraysel with non-constant index to set the vector.
-		// Doing the variable arraysel is better for globals and large arrays, 
+		// Doing the variable arraysel is better for globals and large arrays,
 		// doing every word is better for temporaries and if we're setting most words
 		// since it may result in better substitution optimizations later.
 		//   This results in so much code, we're better off leaving a function call.
@@ -630,7 +629,7 @@ private:
 		//newp->dumpTree(cout,"-  new: ");
 		insertBefore(nodep,newp);
 		return true;
-	    }		
+	    }
 	}
     }
 
@@ -641,10 +640,10 @@ private:
 	} else {
 	    UINFO(8,"    CONCAT "<<nodep<<endl);
 	    AstNode* lhsp = nodep->lhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
-	    AstNode* rhsp = nodep->rhsp()->unlinkFrBack();	
+	    AstNode* rhsp = nodep->rhsp()->unlinkFrBack();
 	    int rhsshift = rhsp->widthMin();
-	    if (nodep->isQuad() && !lhsp->isQuad()) lhsp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), lhsp, nodep); 
-	    if (nodep->isQuad() && !rhsp->isQuad()) rhsp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), rhsp, nodep); 
+	    if (nodep->isQuad() && !lhsp->isQuad()) lhsp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), lhsp, nodep);
+	    if (nodep->isQuad() && !rhsp->isQuad()) rhsp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), rhsp, nodep);
 	    AstNode* newp = new AstOr (nodep->fileline(),
 				       new AstShiftL (nodep->fileline(),
 						      lhsp,
@@ -657,7 +656,7 @@ private:
     }
     bool expandWide (AstNodeAssign* nodep, AstConcat* rhsp) {
 	UINFO(8,"    Wordize ASSIGN(CONCAT) "<<nodep<<endl);
-	// Lhs or Rhs may be word, long, or quad. 
+	// Lhs or Rhs may be word, long, or quad.
 	// newAstWordSelClone nicely abstracts the difference.
 	int rhsshift = rhsp->rhsp()->widthMin();
 	// Sometimes doing the words backwards is preferrable.
@@ -670,7 +669,7 @@ private:
 						      rhsp->lhsp(), rhsshift),
 				     newAstWordSelClone (rhsp->rhsp(), w)));
 	}
- 	return true;
+	return true;
     }
 
     virtual void visit(AstReplicate* nodep, AstNUser*) {
@@ -690,7 +689,7 @@ private:
 		AstConst* constp = nodep->rhsp()->castConst();
 		if (!constp) nodep->v3fatalSrc("Replication value isn't a constant.  Checked earlier!");
 		uint32_t times = constp->asInt();
-		if (nodep->isQuad() && !lhsp->isQuad()) lhsp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), lhsp, nodep); 
+		if (nodep->isQuad() && !lhsp->isQuad()) lhsp = new AstCast(nodep->fileline(), lhsp, nodep);
 		newp = lhsp->cloneTree(true);
 		for (unsigned repnum=1; repnum<times; repnum++) {
 		    int rhsshift = repnum*lhswidth;
@@ -731,7 +730,7 @@ private:
 	    }
 	    addWordAssign(nodep, w, newp);
 	}
- 	return true;
+	return true;
     }
 
     virtual void visit(AstChangeXor* nodep, AstNUser*) {

src/V3Expand.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Expansion of wide operator macros to C operators
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3File.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: File stream wrapper that understands indentation
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,8 +20,9 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <memory>
@@ -232,12 +232,21 @@ bool V3File::checkTimes(const string& filename, const string& cmdline) {
     return dependImp.checkTimes(filename, cmdline);
 }
 
+void V3File::createMakeDir() {
+    static bool created = false;
+    if (!created) {
+	created = true;
+	mkdir(v3Global.opt.makeDir().c_str(), 0777);
+    }
+}
+
 //######################################################################
 // V3OutFile: A class for printing to a file, with automatic indentation of C++ code.
 
 V3OutFile::V3OutFile(const string& filename)
-    : m_lineno(1), m_column(0), m_nobreak(false), m_prependIndent(true), m_indentLevel(0)
-      , m_declSAlign(0), m_declNSAlign(0), m_declPadNum(0) {
+    : m_filename(filename), m_lineno(1), m_column(0)
+    , m_nobreak(false), m_prependIndent(true), m_indentLevel(0)
+    , m_declSAlign(0), m_declNSAlign(0), m_declPadNum(0) {
     if ((m_fp = V3File::new_fopen_w(filename.c_str())) == NULL) {
 	v3fatal("Cannot write "<<filename);
     }

src/V3File.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: File stream wrapper that understands indentation
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
 #include "V3Error.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
+#include <cstdio>
 #include <stack>
 #include <set>
 #include <fstream>
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ public:
 	return new_ofstream_nodepend (filename, append);
     }
     static ofstream* new_ofstream_nodepend(const string& filename, bool append=false) {
+	if (filename != "/dev/null") createMakeDir();
 	if (append) {
 	    return new ofstream(filename.c_str(), ios::app);
 	} else {
@@ -53,15 +54,20 @@ public:
 	}
     }
     static FILE* new_fopen_w(const string& filename) {
+	if (filename != "/dev/null") createMakeDir();
 	addTgtDepend(filename);
 	return fopen(filename.c_str(),"w");
     }
+
     // Dependencies
     static void addSrcDepend(const string& filename);
     static void addTgtDepend(const string& filename);
     static void writeDepend(const string& filename);
     static void writeTimes(const string& filename, const string& cmdline);
     static bool checkTimes(const string& filename, const string& cmdline);
+
+    // Directory utilities
+    static void createMakeDir();
 };
 
 //============================================================================
@@ -81,6 +87,7 @@ public:
 private:
     // MEMBERS
     FILE*	m_fp;
+    string	m_filename;
     int		m_lineno;
     int		m_column;
     int		m_nobreak;	// Basic operator or begin paren, don't break next
@@ -114,8 +121,9 @@ public:
     bool tokenStart(const char* cp, const char* cmp);
     bool tokenEnd(const char* cp);
     void indentInc() { m_indentLevel += INDBLK; };
-    void indentDec() { m_indentLevel -= INDBLK;
-       UASSERT(m_indentLevel>=0,"Underflow of indentation\n");
+    void indentDec() {
+	m_indentLevel -= INDBLK;
+	UASSERT(m_indentLevel>=0, ": "<<m_filename<<": Underflow of indentation\n");
     }
     void blockInc() { m_parenVec.push(m_indentLevel + INDBLK); }
     void blockDec() { if (!m_parenVec.empty()) m_parenVec.pop(); }

src/V3Gate.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Gate optimizations, such as wire elimination
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -19,7 +18,7 @@
 //
 //*************************************************************************
 // V3Gate's Transformations:
-//		
+//
 // Extract a graph of the *entire* netlist with cells expanded
 // Perform constant optimization across the graph
 // Create VARSCOPEs for any variables we can rip out
@@ -28,8 +27,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <iomanip>
@@ -170,7 +169,7 @@ private:
 	// V3Const cleans up any NOTs by flipping the edges for us
 	if (m_buffersOnly
 	    && !(nodep->rhsp()->castVarRef()
-		 // Until NEW_ORDERING, avoid making non-clocked logic into clocked, 
+		 // Until NEW_ORDERING, avoid making non-clocked logic into clocked,
 		 // as it slows down the verilator_sim_benchmark
 		 || (nodep->rhsp()->castNot()
 		     && nodep->rhsp()->castNot()->lhsp()->castVarRef()
@@ -343,7 +342,7 @@ private:
 	    UINFO(5," VARREF to "<<varscp<<endl);
 	    // We use weight of one; if we ref the var more than once, when we simplify,
 	    // the weight will increase
-	    if (nodep->lvalue()) {	
+	    if (nodep->lvalue()) {
 		new V3GraphEdge(&m_graph, m_logicVertexp, varvertexp, 1);
 	    } else {
 		new V3GraphEdge(&m_graph, varvertexp, m_logicVertexp, 1);
@@ -490,7 +489,7 @@ void GateVisitor::optimizeSignals(bool allowMultiIn) {
 			if (debug()>=5) substp->dumpTree(cout,"\t  subst:  ");
 			m_statSigs++;
 			while (V3GraphEdge* edgep = vvertexp->outBeginp()) {
- 			    GateLogicVertex* consumeVertexp = dynamic_cast<GateLogicVertex*>(edgep->top());
+			    GateLogicVertex* consumeVertexp = dynamic_cast<GateLogicVertex*>(edgep->top());
 			    AstNode* consumerp = consumeVertexp->nodep();
 			    optimizeElimVar(vvertexp->varScp(), substp, consumerp);
 			    // If the new replacement referred to a signal,

src/V3Gate.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Break always into sensitivity block domains
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3GenClk.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Generated Clock repairs
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,13 +20,13 @@
 // GENCLK TRANSFORMATIONS:
 //	Follow control-flow graph with assignments and var usages
 //	    ASSIGNDLY to variable later used as clock requires change detect
-//	    
+//
 //*************************************************************************
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include "V3Global.h"
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ private:
     }
     //----
     virtual void visit(AstVarRef* nodep, AstNUser*) {
-	// Consumption/generation of a variable, 
+	// Consumption/generation of a variable,
 	AstVarScope* vscp = nodep->varScopep();
 	if (!vscp) nodep->v3fatalSrc("Scope not assigned");
 	if (m_activep && !nodep->user3()) {
@@ -172,7 +171,7 @@ private:
     //----
 
     virtual void visit(AstVarRef* nodep, AstNUser*) {
-	// Consumption/generation of a variable, 
+	// Consumption/generation of a variable,
 	AstVarScope* vscp = nodep->varScopep();
 	if (!vscp) nodep->v3fatalSrc("Scope not assigned");
 	if (m_activep) {

src/V3GenClk.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+//-*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Generated Clock Repairs
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Global.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Common headers
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3Graph.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Graph optimizations
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <vector>
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, V3GraphVertex* vertexp) {
 //######################################################################
 // Edges
 
-V3GraphEdge::V3GraphEdge(V3Graph* graphp, 
+V3GraphEdge::V3GraphEdge(V3Graph* graphp,
 			 V3GraphVertex* fromp, V3GraphVertex* top, int weight,
 			 bool cutable) {
     UASSERT(fromp, "Null from pointer\n");

src/V3Graph.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+//-*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Graph optimizations
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ public:
     virtual ~V3Graph();
     static void debug(int level) { s_debug = level; }
     virtual string dotRankDir() { return "TB"; }	// rankdir for dot plotting
-    
+
     // METHODS
     void clear();	// Empty it of all vertices/edges, as if making a new object
 

src/V3GraphAcyc.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Graph acyclic algorithm
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,8 +20,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <vector>

src/V3GraphAlg.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Graph optimizations
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,8 +20,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <vector>
@@ -345,7 +344,7 @@ private:
 	if (m_done) return;
 
 	m_callTrace.reserve(currentRank+10);   // Leave slop for speed
-	m_callTrace[currentRank++] = vertexp; 
+	m_callTrace[currentRank++] = vertexp;
 
 	if (vertexp->user() == 1) {
 	    for (unsigned i=0; i<currentRank; i++) {

src/V3GraphAlg.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Graph algorithm base class
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //

src/V3GraphDfa.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Graph optimizations
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,8 +20,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <stack>
 #include <map>
@@ -224,7 +223,7 @@ private:
 	    }
 	}
     }
-	
+
     void main() {
 	UINFO(5,"Dfa to Nfa conversion...\n");
 	// Vertex::color() begin: 1 indicates vertex on DFA graph, 0=NFA graph
@@ -236,7 +235,7 @@ private:
 
 	// Find NFA start
 	DfaVertex* nfaStartp = graphp()->findStart();
-	    
+
 	// Create new DFA State (start state) from the NFA states
 	DfaVertex* dfaStartp = newDfaVertex(nfaStartp);
 
@@ -267,7 +266,7 @@ private:
 	    }
 	}
 	if (debug()>=6) m_graphp->dumpDotFilePrefixed("dfa_start");
-	insertDfaOrigins(dfaStartp); 
+	insertDfaOrigins(dfaStartp);
 
 	int i=0;
 	UINFO(5,"Main state conversion...\n");
@@ -293,7 +292,7 @@ private:
 		    }
 		}
 	    }
-	    
+
 	    // Foreach input state (NFA inputs of this DFA state)
 	    for (set<DfaInput>::const_iterator inIt=inputs.begin(); inIt!=inputs.end(); ++inIt) {
 		DfaInput input = *inIt;
@@ -303,7 +302,7 @@ private:
 		// Find all states reachable for given input
 		DfaStates nfasWithInput;
 		findNfasWithInput(dfaStatep, input, nfasWithInput/*ref*/);
-		
+
 		// nfasWithInput now maps to the DFA we want a transition to.
 		// Does a DFA already exist with this, and only this subset of NFA's?
 		DfaVertex* toDfaStatep = findDfaOrigins(nfasWithInput);
@@ -317,7 +316,7 @@ private:
 			new DfaEdge (graphp(), toDfaStatep, *nfaIt, DfaEdge::NA());
 			if ((*nfaIt)->accepting()) toDfaStatep->accepting(true);
 		    }
-		    insertDfaOrigins(toDfaStatep); 
+		    insertDfaOrigins(toDfaStatep);
 		}
 		// Add input transition
 		new DfaEdge (graphp(), dfaStatep, toDfaStatep, input);
@@ -375,7 +374,7 @@ private:
     }
 
     void optimize_accepting_out() {
-	// Delete outbound edges from accepting states 
+	// Delete outbound edges from accepting states
 	// (As once we've accepted, we no longer care about anything else.)
 	for (V3GraphVertex* vertexp = m_graphp->verticesBeginp(); vertexp; vertexp=vertexp->verticesNextp()) {
 	    if (DfaVertex* vvertexp = dynamic_cast<DfaVertex*>(vertexp)) {
@@ -480,3 +479,97 @@ public:
 void DfaGraph::dfaReduce() {
     DfaGraphReduce (this, &V3GraphEdge::followAlwaysTrue);
 }
+
+//######################################################################
+//######################################################################
+// Algorithms - complement a DFA
+//
+// The traditional algorithm is to make a rejecting state, add edges to
+// reject from all missing values, then swap accept and reject.  Rather
+// than swap at the end, it's faster if we swap up front, then do the edge
+// changes.
+//
+// 1. Since we didn't log rejecting states, make a temp state (this will be
+// the old accept, and new reject).
+//
+// 2. All vertexes except start/accept get edges to NEW accept for any
+// non-existing case.  Weedely we don't have a nice way of representing
+// this so we just create a edge for each case and mark it "complemented."
+//
+// 3. Delete temp vertex (old accept/new reject) and related edges.
+// The user's old accept is now the new accept.  This is imporant as
+// we want the virtual type of it to be intact.
+
+class DfaGraphComplement : GraphAlg {
+private:
+    // MEMBERS
+    DfaVertex* m_tempNewerReject;
+
+    // METHODS
+    int debug() { return 9; }
+    DfaGraph* graphp() { return static_cast<DfaGraph*>(m_graphp); }
+
+    void add_complement_edges() {
+	// Find accepting vertex
+	DfaVertex* acceptp = NULL;
+	for (V3GraphVertex* vertexp = m_graphp->verticesBeginp(); vertexp; vertexp=vertexp->verticesNextp()) {
+	    if (DfaVertex* vvertexp = dynamic_cast<DfaVertex*>(vertexp)) {
+		if (vvertexp->accepting()) {
+		    acceptp = vvertexp;
+		    break;
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+	if (!acceptp) v3fatalSrc("No accepting vertex in DFA\n");
+
+	// Remap edges
+	for (V3GraphVertex* vertexp = m_graphp->verticesBeginp(); vertexp; vertexp=vertexp->verticesNextp()) {
+	    if (DfaVertex* vvertexp = dynamic_cast<DfaVertex*>(vertexp)) {
+		//UINFO(9, "   on vertex "<<vvertexp->name()<<endl);
+		if (!vvertexp->accepting() && vvertexp != m_tempNewerReject) {
+		    for (V3GraphEdge* nextp, *edgep = vertexp->outBeginp(); edgep; edgep=nextp) {
+			nextp = edgep->outNextp();
+			if (!edgep->user()) { // Not processed
+			    // Old edges to accept now go to new reject
+			    DfaEdge* vedgep = static_cast<DfaEdge*>(edgep);
+			    DfaVertex* tovertexp = static_cast<DfaVertex*>(edgep->top());
+			    if (tovertexp->accepting()) {
+				new DfaEdge(graphp(), vvertexp, m_tempNewerReject, vedgep);
+				edgep->unlinkDelete(); edgep=NULL;
+			    }
+
+			    // NOT of all values goes to accept
+			    // We make a edge for each value to OR, IE
+			    // edge(complemented,a) edge(complemented,b) means !(a | b)
+			    if (!tovertexp->accepting()) {  // Note we must include edges moved above to reject
+				DfaEdge* newp = new DfaEdge (graphp(), vvertexp, acceptp, vedgep);
+				newp->complement(!newp->complement());
+				newp->user(1);
+			    }
+			}
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+public:
+    DfaGraphComplement(V3Graph* dfagraphp, V3EdgeFuncP edgeFuncp)
+	: GraphAlg(dfagraphp, edgeFuncp) {
+	if (debug()>=6) m_graphp->dumpDotFilePrefixed("comp_in");
+
+	// Vertex::m_user begin: 1 indicates new edge, no more processing
+	m_graphp->userClearEdges();
+
+	m_tempNewerReject = new DfaVertex(graphp());
+	add_complement_edges();
+	if (debug()>=6) m_graphp->dumpDotFilePrefixed("comp_preswap");
+
+	m_tempNewerReject->unlinkDelete(graphp()); m_tempNewerReject=NULL;
+	if (debug()>=6) m_graphp->dumpDotFilePrefixed("comp_out");
+    }
+    ~DfaGraphComplement() {}
+};
+
+void DfaGraph::dfaComplement() {
+    DfaGraphComplement (this, &V3GraphEdge::followAlwaysTrue);
+}

src/V3GraphDfa.h

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// $Id$ //-*- C++ -*-
+// -*- C++ -*-
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Graph automata base class
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -43,16 +43,18 @@ class DfaEdge;
 /// or epsilon, represented as a empty list of inputs.
 ///
 /// We're only looking for matches, so the only accepting states are
-/// at the end of the transformations.
-///	
+/// at the end of the transformations.  (If we want the complement, we
+/// call complement and the algorithm makes a REJECT state, then flips
+/// accept and reject for you.)
+///
 /// Common transforms:
 ///
 ///	"*":	DfaVertex(START) --> [epsilon] -->DfaVertex(ACCEPT)
 ///
 ///	"L":	...->[ON_L]-->DfaVtx-->[epsilon]-->DfaVtx(ACCEPT)
 ///
-///	"LR":	...->[ON_L]-->DfaVtx-->[epsilon]-->DfaVtx()
-///		   ->[ON_R]-->DfaVtx-->[epsilon]-->DfaVtx(ACCEPT)
+///	"LR":	...->[ON_L]-->DfaVtx-->[epsilon]-->DfaVtx(ACCEPT)
+///		   ->[ON_R]-->DfaVtx-->[epsilon]-/
 ///
 ///	"L|R":	...->DfaVtx-->[epsilon]-->DfaVtx-->[ON_L]-->DfaVtx()->[epsilon]-->DfaVtx(ACCEPT)
 ///			   \->[epsilon]-->DfaVtx-->[ON_R]-->DfaVtx()->[epsilon]-/
@@ -76,13 +78,16 @@ public:
 
     /// Simplify a DFA automata
     void dfaReduce();
+
+    /// Complement result (must already be dfa)
+    void dfaComplement();
 };
 
 //=============================================================================
 // Vertex
 
 class DfaVertex : public V3GraphVertex {
-    // Each DFA state is captured in this vertex.  
+    // Each DFA state is captured in this vertex.
     // Start and accepting are members, rather than the more intuitive
     // subclasses, as subclassing them would make it harder to inherit from here.
     bool	m_start;	// Start state
@@ -93,7 +98,7 @@ public:
 	: V3GraphVertex(graphp)
 	, m_start(start), m_accepting(accepting) {}
     virtual DfaVertex* clone(DfaGraph* graphp) {
-    	return new DfaVertex(graphp, start(), accepting()); }
+	return new DfaVertex(graphp, start(), accepting()); }
     virtual ~DfaVertex() {}
     // ACCESSORS
     virtual string dotShape() const { return (accepting()?"doublecircle":""); }
@@ -113,20 +118,33 @@ typedef AstNUser* DfaInput;
 
 class DfaEdge : public V3GraphEdge {
     DfaInput	m_input;
+    bool	m_complement;	// Invert value when doing compare
 public:
     static DfaInput EPSILON() { return NULL; }
     static DfaInput NA() { return AstNUser::fromInt(1); }	// as in not-applicable
     // CONSTRUCTORS
     DfaEdge(DfaGraph* graphp, DfaVertex* fromp, DfaVertex* top, DfaInput input)
 	: V3GraphEdge(graphp, fromp, top, 1)
-	, m_input(input) {}
+	, m_input(input), m_complement(false) {}
+    DfaEdge(DfaGraph* graphp, DfaVertex* fromp, DfaVertex* top, const DfaEdge* copyfrom)
+	: V3GraphEdge(graphp, fromp, top, copyfrom->weight())
+	, m_input(copyfrom->input()), m_complement(copyfrom->complement()) {}
     virtual ~DfaEdge() {}
     // METHODS
-    virtual string dotColor() const { return na()?"yellow":epsilon()?"green":"black"; }
-    virtual string dotLabel() const { return na()?"":epsilon()?"e":cvtToStr((void*)(input())); }
+    virtual string dotColor() const {
+	return (na() ? "yellow"
+		: epsilon() ? "green"
+		: "black"); }
+    virtual string dotLabel() const {
+	return (na() ? ""
+		: epsilon() ? "e"
+		: complement() ? ("not "+cvtToStr((void*)(input())))
+		: cvtToStr((void*)(input()))); }
     virtual string dotStyle() const { return (na()||cutable())?"dashed":""; }
     bool epsilon() const { return input()==EPSILON(); }
     bool na() const { return input()==NA(); }
+    bool complement() const { return m_complement; }
+    void complement(bool value) { m_complement=value; }
     DfaInput	input() const { return m_input; }
 };
 

src/V3GraphTest.cpp

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-// $Id$
 //*************************************************************************
 // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Graph tests
 //
-// Code available from: http://www.veripool.com/verilator
+// Code available from: http://www.veripool.org/verilator
 //
 // AUTHORS: Wilson Snyder with Paul Wasson, Duane Gabli
 //
@@ -21,8 +20,8 @@
 
 #include "config_build.h"
 #include "verilatedos.h"
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdarg>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include "V3Global.h"
@@ -112,7 +111,7 @@ public:
 	new V3GraphEdge(gp, g1, q, 2, true);
 	new V3GraphEdge(gp, g2, q, 2, true);
 	new V3GraphEdge(gp, g3, q, 2, true);
-	
+
 	gp->stronglyConnected(&V3GraphEdge::followAlwaysTrue);
 	dump();
 
@@ -143,7 +142,7 @@ public:
 	new V3GraphEdge(gp, g1, a, 2, true);
 	new V3GraphEdge(gp, g2, a, 2, true);
 	new V3GraphEdge(gp, g3, a, 2, true);
-	
+
 	gp->acyclic(&V3GraphEdge::followAlwaysTrue);
 	gp->order();
 	dump();
@@ -157,7 +156,7 @@ public:
 	V3Graph* gp = &m_graph;
 
 	V3GraphTestVertex* clk	= new V3GraphTestVarVertex(gp,"$clk");
-	
+
 	V3GraphTestVertex* a	= new V3GraphTestVarVertex(gp,"$a");
 	V3GraphTestVertex* a_dly	= new V3GraphTestVarVertex(gp,"$a_dly");
 	V3GraphTestVertex* a_dlyblk= new V3GraphTestVarVertex(gp,"$a_dlyblk");
@@ -166,13 +165,13 @@ public:
 	V3GraphTestVertex* b_dlyblk= new V3GraphTestVarVertex(gp,"$b_dlyblk");
 	V3GraphTestVertex* c	= new V3GraphTestVarVertex(gp,"$c");
 	V3GraphTestVertex* i	= new V3GraphTestVarVertex(gp,"$i");
-	
+
 	V3GraphTestVertex* ap	= new V3GraphTestVarVertex(gp,"$a_pre");
 	V3GraphTestVertex* bp	= new V3GraphTestVarVertex(gp,"$b_pre");
 	V3GraphTestVertex* cp	= new V3GraphTestVarVertex(gp,"$c_pre");
-	
+
 	V3GraphTestVertex* n;
-	
+
 	// Logical order between clk, and posedge blocks
 	//   implemented by special CLK prod/cons?
 	// Required order between first x_DLY<=x_pre and final x<=x_DLY
@@ -183,23 +182,23 @@ public:
 	//   implemented by producer/consumer on a_dly signals
 	// Desired order between different _DLY blocks so we can elim temporaries
 	//   implemented by cutable "pre" signal dependencies
-	
-	
+
+
 	n = new V3GraphTestVertex(gp,"*INPUTS*"); {
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, n, clk, 2);
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, n, i, 2);
 	}
-	
+
 	V3GraphTestVertex* posedge = n = new V3GraphTestVertex(gp,"*posedge clk*"); {
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, clk, n, 2);
 	}
-	
+
 	// AssignPre's     VarRefs on LHS:  generate special BLK
 	//    normal:      VarRefs on LHS:  generate normal
 	//    underSBlock: VarRefs on RHS:  consume 'pre' (required to save cutable tests)
 	n = new V3GraphTestVertex(gp,"a_dly<PRE=a"); {
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, n, a_dlyblk, 2);  // Block ordering
-	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, n, a_dly, 2); 
+	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, n, a_dly, 2);
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, ap, n, 2, true);   // DESIRED delayed ordering (inp is required)
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, posedge, n, 2);
 	}
@@ -209,7 +208,7 @@ public:
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, bp, n, 2, true);   // DESIRED delayed ordering
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, posedge, n, 2);
 	}
-	
+
 	// AssignDly's     VarRefs on LHS:  consume special BLK
 	//    normal:      VarRefs on LHS:  generate normal
 	//    underSBlock: VarRefs on RHS:  generate 'pre' signals (cutable)
@@ -228,7 +227,7 @@ public:
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, n, ap, 2);   // DESIRED delayed usage
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, posedge, n, 2);
 	}
-	
+
 	// AssignPost's
 	//    normal:      VarRefs on LHS:  generate normal
 	//    underSBlock: VarRefs on RHS:  consume normal
@@ -242,11 +241,11 @@ public:
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, b_dly, n, 3);
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, posedge, n, 2);
 	}
-	
+
 	// COMBO
 	// Inbound edges are always uncutable, because we must put combo logic after sequential
 	// Outbound are cutable, as we may need to evaluate multiple times
-	
+
 	{
 	    V3GraphTestVertex* n	= new V3GraphTestVertex(gp,"c=a|b|i");
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, n, c, 1, true);
@@ -254,7 +253,7 @@ public:
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, b, n, 1, false);
 	    new V3GraphEdge(gp, i, n, 1, false);
 	}
-	
+
 	gp->acyclic(&V3GraphEdge::followAlwaysTrue);
 	gp->order();
 
@@ -288,7 +287,7 @@ public:
 	DfaTestVertex*  sr  = new DfaTestVertex(gp,"sR");
 	DfaTestVertex*  sz  = new DfaTestVertex(gp,"sZ");
 	DfaTestVertex*  sac = new DfaTestVertex(gp,"*ACCEPT*");  sac->accepting(true);
-	
+
 	AstNUser* L = AstNUser::fromInt(0xaa);
 	AstNUser* R = AstNUser::fromInt(0xbb);
 	AstNUser* Z = AstNUser::fromInt(0xcc);
@@ -309,6 +308,12 @@ public:
 	gp->nfaToDfa();
 	dump();
 	gp->dfaReduce();
+	dump();
+
+	gp->dfaComplement();
+	dump();
+	gp->dfaReduce();
+	dump();
     }
 };
 
@@ -334,7 +339,7 @@ public:
 
 #if 0
 # include "graph_export.cpp"
-#else 
+#else
 void V3GraphTestImport::dotImport() {
 }
 #endif