missing from a netlist generated by ext2spice with the "extresist"
option enabled. The first had to do with some parts of nets being
given alias names for a net, and the second was caused during
"extresist" and would also result in error messages about devices
missing terminals.
can provide a delta offset such as "l+0.06", indicating that
the extraction model has a length larger than the drawn device.
Previously the value was assumed to be in microns but did not
scale between the .ext file and the SPICE netlist. Corrected
so that it scales like the other parameter values, being
converted to internal units and tracking the internal grid
scale.
".res.ext" file from "extresist" after using "extract do local" (and
probably with "extract path" as well). Fixed this, and also made
sure that "extresist" writes the ".res.ext" file to the same location
as ".ext" always, so that handling is consistent throughout the
full R-C extraction process, across the use of "extract", "ext2sim",
"extresist", and "ext2spice".
to catch cases where a device terminal is connected to the global
substrate node even when the terminal is not specifically a substrate
terminal (e.g., diode cathode or bipolar collector) and mark them with
the "substrate is port" flag.
warning messages about ports being electrically connected when
those ports have names that match under rules of case-insensitivity,
and the .ext file is being read for the purpose of generating a
SPICE netlist, which is case-insensitive. Also: Corrected a crash
condition when using "extract path <name>" when directory <name>
does not exist.
of the "edit" command that takes an instance name as an argument.
This is the first of a small series of command extensions to
provide the capability to replace any command that is dependent on
the pointer position with an equivalent command that is not, for
the purpose of removing pointer and screen coordinate dependencies
from the log file created by "logcommands".
the assumption of case insensitivity (e.g., VSS, Vss, and vss)
are kept separate even when writing SPICE netlists, which are
case insensitive. The code fix both avoids flagging these ports
when running ext2spice, and more importantly, allows the use of
"ext2spice short" without these ports ending up separate in the
output netlist.
be output twice for scaled devices (such as diodes in the sky130
process). Above and beyond the typo, though, the implementation
of offsets is not very well thought out and needs to be revised.
For one, the +/- notation can be confused with signs in the
parameter expression; that is also fixed in this commit. But
there is currently no way to express both a scale and an offset
for a device parameter.
'+' and '-' in the same way that '*' is currently used for specifying
a parameter scaling. The combination of a scale and offset for the
same parameter has not (yet) been implemented.
with "extract do local" now being equivalent to "extract path .".
This allows extraction files to be put in a subdirectory and not
clog up the current working directory. Also: Fixed some behavior
around the use of "ext2spice -p <path>" so that it (1) works, and
(2) is compatible with the new "extract path". Since the ext2spice
and ext2sim commands are effectively independent of the primary
extraction, the "-p" option is needed to correspond to the use of
"extract path". Hopefully this is seen as only a minor inconvenience.
from ext2spice due to "equiv" statements in the .ext file. The
algorithm was not properly keeping the port as the preferred
name of the node, resulting in the non-preferred name being
used instead of the port name in the output. This would happen
only if there was a label on a net that had a different name than
the port name. The error became much more prevalent after changing
the extract behavior to make "extract do aliases" default. Also
fixed a somewhat related minor error in which magic would print an
error message about ports being shorted together on the same kind
of net where both a port and a (different) label were attached to
the net. Since the non-port label is not a preferred name, then
there should be no warning message. The warning is only intended
for cases where two (or more) ports are truly shorted together.
when reading .ext files with "equiv" statements in them. The
generation of "equiv" statements was expanded recently, making it
more likely for this issue to show up. There may be devices in
a file that have a terminal node pointing to the node that gets
removed, and these must be updated to point to the node that
remains after merging. This requires a full loop over all
devices and so could have a potentially large impact; but in
general there are not many equiv statements (implying multiple
different labels attached to the same node) and so it is unlikely
that there would be a noticeable performance hit in practice.
can result in negative resistors due to integer overflow. In all
cases, the target was floating-point and it was only necessary to
recast everything to float first.
isolate the terminal areas of a device (e.g., source and drain)
and calculate their area and perimeter individually for the
device (in addition to the traditional method of calculating
area and perimeter of each resistance class for the entire node).
Also: Reworked the SPICE syntax output to generate SI values
in the range 1-1000 with the appropriate suffix (e.g., "20u")
instead of defaulting to "u" for lengths and "p" for areas.
This prevents it from producing weird units like "150000u" when
a process definition already includes a scalefactor.
Reworked the "extresist" code to use the device terminal area
and perimeter. This fixes an error in which "extresist" would
lose these values and "ext2spice" with option "extresist on"
would generate a new netlist output with zero terminal areas
and perimeters.
number of terminals for devices that don't have the usual gate/
source/drain terminals (e.g., diodes, resistors, capacitors) when
writing the devices with re-mapped terminals into the .res.ext
file. Also: Changed the size of the word containing the name
refcount for "equiv" statements, since an accidental shorting
of pins can cause a large number of "equiv" statements in a .ext
file, causing an overrun of the previously 1-byte refcount (this
probably does not make the structure any longer, since it likely
has to fit to a word boundary).
redundant (same name, different net). Previously, the method was
to keep the first such node and ignore all others except to add
their resistance and capacitance to the original node. This
prevented routines like "def write" from enumerating all nets
unless they had unique names. The new method keeps the additional
records including the node location where they can be found by
EFNodeVisit(), but flags them with EF_UNIQUE_NODE so that routines
like ext2spice or ext2sim can choose to ignore them. This implies
that this method could be used to reimplement "extract unique"
within "ext2spice" or "ext2sim" without altering label text. This
has not yet been implemented.
respect to calculations around diode-connected diffusion regions.
The diffusion area calculation needed to be fixed to avoid double-
counting contacts, and the value for the ratioDiffA coefficient
needed to be scaled, since it is multiplied by the diffusion area
and therefore has dimensioned units of (1/area^2) and should be
treated like all other dimensioned units in magic.
attempt is made to write an abstract view to GDS. This behavior can
be overridded with the new command option "gds abstract [enable|disable]".
Also: Corrected extraction to allow split tiles to be set as the
reference tile for a node. Previously this was allowed only if the
tile was the first to be searched, but that can cause different tiles to
be marked as the reference depending on where the search starts,
resulting in different names for the same node in .ext files, which is
bad. Also: Modified the LEF annotation to avoid bad entries in the LEF
that would create layers in the layout where none exist.
This commit makes the code (mostly) C99-compatible, enabling to compile
it without the -Wno-error=implicit-function-declaration flag. This
way, Magic becomes usable on arm64 architectures, specifically on Apple
computers with M1/M2 SoC.
with slashes in the name (picks up the text after the last slash).
Also allowed the "gds library" command option to modify the
behavior of "gds read" (previously only affected "gds write") to
indicate that the GDS file is a library and that there are no top-
level contents, only subcell definitions. Also: Corrected a typo
from yesterday's commit that prevents magic from compiling (oops).
"Antenna checker should ignore vias in partial mode". I changed the
implementation by moving the correction into the antennaAccumFunc()
subroutine so that it skips the area calculations for the contacts,
avoiding unnecessary computation. Otherwise, it's the same (vias
do not contribute to the surface area of the antenna when calculating
antenna area in "partial" mode).
make sure that the cell def's .ext is not marked "abstract".
Otherwise, "antennacheck" appears to run, but no output is
produced, and no reason is given.
which instead of defining a device or subcircuit that exists inside
the cell, instead redefines the cell itself as a device or subcircuit
model that exists in the PDK. This is used where a specific layout
subcell has its own associated device definition in the PDK. Instead
of the "device" property value being the line that gets generated for
a device in the subcells .ext file, the property value should be the
word "primitive" optionally followed by any parameters that need to
be passed to the subcircuit call.
a routine that should have been called with a NULL argument, but
instead was called with no argument, making the behavior system-
dependent. Revised the parsing of the "defaultareacap" and
"defaultperimeter" statements in the tech file, such that the short
version of both statements gets automatic handling of the substrate
and isolated substrate areas; this goes back to the recent change
in extraction behavior to redefine the "substrate type" (e.g., pwell)
during extraction as defining isolated substrate areas, and not the
default substrate. The earlier code change dealt with problems
related to extracting nodes and regions, but did not consider how
parasitic capacitance was affected. This commit resolves that issue.
traditionally been kept for backwards compatibility. However, the
operation of "ext2spice" and "ext2sim" as separate programs has
become extremely difficult to maintain, and so it has been dropped
in favor of folding both into the program as commands, as was done
a long time ago in the Tcl/Tk version.
Implemented a separate check for ports when writing a subcircuit
that cross-checks against the port list in the flattened
extraction. This allows ports that were optimized out during
flattening of the hierarchy to be removed from the cell's port
list, which cuts down on disconnected nodes in the output port
list.
substrate (bulk terminal) and global substrate. Otherwise, the
routine in ext2hier.c that finds the substrate node will find the
first device bulk connection, not the default substrate.
that makes a net a global net if there is a Tcl variable of the
same name. This conflicts with a later use of Tcl variables VDD
and GND to denote power and ground names, which is a completely
different usage.
client data generated by ext2spice and attached to a node's
nodeClient record; there is an initNodeClient() routine but no
corresponding freeNodeClient() routine. Eventually had to add a
callback function passed to EFDone() and EFFlatDone() to clean up
these entries. After doing that, valgrind reports clean for all
memory allocated within ext2spice (there are other things that are
not freed but not related to a specific command, so do not need to
be treated as leaks).
clean up memory after running "ext2spice". There are apparently
still memory leaks somewhere, difficult to diagnose with valgrind,
but this fix removes the most substantial leakage and allows
"ext2spice" to be run continuously, at least for a while.
issue at the change made in revision 214. This was done incorrectly
in two ways, one being a set of statements inside an if() block that
should have been executed always, and the other an incorrect use of
the EF_DEVTERM flag, setting it when it should not have been set.
implicit substrate connections under some conditions were not added
to the subcircuit pin list. When this was corrected, the call to
the subcircuit was missing the implicit substrate port. When that
was corrected, the implicit substrate port printed was the subcircuit's
local node name, not the connection from above in the hierarchy. The
underlying problem was that the substrate was marked as a port in a
node record that was in another (flattened and unused) def and so not
seen when enumerating the def's node list. It's possible that the
better solution is that the efNodeHashTable() should be enumerated to
write subcircuit ports, not def->def_nodes. However, now, by using
EFHNLook(), the corresponding entry in efNodeHashTable() is found and
used.
to not get into the subcircuit port list during ext2spice. The new
fix brings back (unfortunately) the behavior of creating a substrate
node for cells that have no substrate connection to any device;
this will have to be handled separately.
substrate nodes in subcircuits that don't make connections to the
substrate (such as arrays of pFETs). This is done under the
restriction that ext2spice is being called without generating
parasitics (otherwise the connection to substrate is valid), as it
would be when extracting for LVS. The ground node must not appear
as a connection to any device. This is then propagated up the
hierarchy such that if none of a subcell's descendents connect to
the substrate, then neither does the subcell.
"ext2sim extresist on", which was being shared; that leads to
confusion, especially when using "ext2sim" to generate a node
name input file for "extresist". Also: Added a warning when two
ports are merged in a .ext file, as this can lead to numerous
incorrect entries in netlist output.
implements a method for handling ports in a subcircuit that have different
port names and indexes but are shorted together. "none" is the default
and backwards-compatible behavior that merges ports together, which will
often cause one of the ports to be optimized out of the netlist. "resistor"
will separate the port names with a 0-ohm ideal resistor. "voltage" will
separate the port names with a 0-volt voltage source. This should work
well for simulation and potentially for LVS, although its impact on LVS
has not been fully investigated.
code from extflat from type unsigned long to type TileTypeBitMask.
This increases the number of types of each to 256 and tracks the
number of types, so it should be difficult to exceed this amount.
extresist extractor is less sophisticated than the standard extraction
and will not check through the list of device records belonging to a
single device type. Therefore a device in the .res.ext may have a
different device name. So name hashing and checks are made against
the tile type, not the device name, as the tile type + device
coordinates is sufficient to uniquely identify the device. However,
the extresist extractor does need to be sophisticated enough to find
all the terminal types, so that needs to be fixed.
recursive loop and crash magic. Corrected a number of other issues
along the way, especially one where routines in EFantenna and extresist
make use of array EFDevTypes which was only created by ext2sim and
ext2spice, and freed when done. Having run extresist through valgrind,
there are still issues in the code.
commit, mostly relating to the scale of values in the ".nodes" file
produced by ext2sim. Making this file CIF syntax seemed unnecessary,
so I removed the CIF syntax and scaling. "extresist" can now produce
an apparently valid output on a standard cell layout. Even with the
change, the extresist output is still only pseudo-hierarchical, so
this does not preclude the need for eliminating the .sim format file
in favor of the .ext file, but it provides a working intermediate
form.
not restored until after all cells have been processed through
extraction. Otherwise, top-down connections can end up with
different generated names for the same node, resulting in a
disconnect in the netlist.
statement in a .ext file require that all aliases of a node name be
rehashed after a node merge, or else node loops can occur. Also
prevented statements of the form "equiv A A" from being output in
the .ext file, as they are useless.
for the "equiv" statement---equivalent nodes names have to be
registered in the def->def_nodes hash table, and if they point to
the same node, then that node can't be free'd until the last
referenced node is seen when iterating through the hash table to
free the node records during EFDone(). This is handled by the
reference count.
circuits with nets having multiple conflicting labels, depending
on where the "equiv" statement occurs in the .ext file output.
Corrected the error but am still puzzled as to why this has never
shown up before, as it does not appear to be the result of any
recent development work.
The previous behavior was to generate hierarchical names for all
labels when copying contents of subcells. This is "safe" for
copying selections without accidentally shorting things through
labeling, but it can make a mess of the selection. Options are
now "select do labels" for the existing behavior, "select no labels"
to not show any labels, and "select simple labels" to show only the
root name of labels in subcells.
SPICE netlist output that appears to have come from flags created
for writing DEF that inappropriately got set during ext2spice.
A redundant call to efAddNodes() was adding confusion by appearing
to handle most cases but actually missing some. With the corrected
flag, the redundant call is really redundant and can be removed.
It has not been tested whether DEF output is affected by the change
(DEF output from magic is rarely used, anyway).
This reverts commit 46baae0ce6.
Reverting the last commit, as it does not work completely the way it
is supposed to, and will most likely have to be done in a different
way.
array delimiters and hierarchy separators (characters '/', '[', and ']')
that are part of instances or labels passed to magic, are preserved
from input to output, but internally marked (with a backslash escape)
so that they are not misinterpreted my magic when running ext2spice.
that have been removed by flattening into the parent cell due to lack
of devices. Previously the checks on writing the subcircuit and writing
the call were slightly different, leading to instances in which the
subcircuit call would be written to the netlist output without the
subcircuit being defined. (2) Corrected an error in the "bridge" CIF/GDS
output operator. In certain (somewhat rare) geometries, the tile behind
(instead of in front of) the corner being checked may be incorrectly
flagged as a DRC spacing error. The fix is to ignore tiles that are
behind the corner being checked.
extflat code; failure to provide a forward external reference
to EFHNBest() resulted in a failure to correctly evaluate a
boolean expression. That resulted in a failure to merge
hierarchical nodes during ext2spice, resulting in an incorrect
netlist with single nodes broken up into pieces.
port labels that are unnattached ("attached" to space), or possibly
sticky labels without any geometry underneath, end up with a NULL
node during EFBuild().
could cause serious errors on systems that do not auto-zero allocated
memory. Also: Fixed an error introduced by a recent commit to allocate
character memory for efReadLine() which frees the memory before reading
a .res.ext file, causing a crash when using "ext2spice" with the
"extresist on" option.
memory for the input line instead of using a fixed 1024-character
buffer. That avoids the issue of rare but possible overflow when
reading a .ext file with unknown line lengths.
a truncated line. There is still a question as to why an example
occurred that caused a line to be truncated, and whether a buffer
size needs to be made larger or made dynamically allocated.
change from passing the HierName to passing the HierContext (of which
HierName is a part) so that more information from HierContext (such
as the cell use being visited) can be passed to the callback
procedure (largely for diagnostic purposes).
argument as a pointer but also set the same variable to the
return value. This is ambiguous, because the behavior depends on
whether the value being set upon return is the original value or
the reallocated value. The result is system-dependent behavior.
or more repeated "equiv" lines in a .ext file. This implies two
ports with different names are connected, indicating probably a bad
layout, but that's not a reason to have magic crash.
not copy labels; not copying labels speeds up the antenna checks
(which don't need labels) greatly. Also fixed several numerical
overflow problems in the antenna checks, which resulted in false
positive errors, as well as nonsensical results.
than one name, because in that case one of the port records ends
up with a null pointer to a node, and causes a crash condition.
This can happen inadvertently, as when a connected node is not
specifically designated a port, but is forced to be a port
because of the connection.
extraction: Fixed a problem causing long extraction times, at
least some of which had to do with a poor string hash function
implementation. Fixed a huge problem in ext2spice, where the
node merge function was particularly poorly implemented, causing
exponentially increasing processing times with layout size.
Corrected a minor issue with ext2spice where arguments were
improperly specified, causing unnecessary error messages to be
issued. Fixed an error in the "load -dereference" command option,
which again caused unnecessary error messages to be issued.
Changed .gitignore to ignore Depend files, which are now regenerated
on every build.
views. Because the abstract view does not necessarily represent
actual connectivity, rely on the port indexes in the .ext file
to determine the number of ports and port order. Do not use
SpiceNodeName() to look up the node name, or unique ports that
are deemed shorted will go missing. Also: Modified the read-in
of .ext files so that use names may contain backslashes. Only
backslashes that end a line will be handled differently.
the right argument type (float, not int). Otherwise all resistances
from extresist come out zero when doing "ext2spice extresist on"
and "ext2spice hierarchy on". Also changed the format of the resistance
in the SPICE output to type float, since values are in standard units of
ohms, and rounding to the nearest ohm seems excessively coarse-grained.
a long-standing error (introduced with the "extresist geometry"
option) that can cause nets not to be extracted (due to the first
record not having extraction data, which was itself a long-standing
error in the code but which was not fixed correctly); (2) handle
"device mosfet" type transistors (previously only handled the old
"fet" type extraction devices); and (3) correct for the res.ext
file having a different scalefactor relative to the .ext file. The
latter item was solved by forcing all input to scale like
ExtCurStyle->exts_unitsPerLambda, locally correcting all input as
needed. Note that extresist still needs to handle other extraction
devices (e.g., resistors and capacitors) but those will require
additional handling in the routines which analyze the current path
to determine how to break up wires into paths.
include (1) specification of sidewall or surface to use for
each type individually, rather than a single method for all
types, and (2) specification of a linear model R = Ax + B for
the ratio limit when diodes are attached to the wire, where x
is the diode surface area (unitless, as this is a ratio).
remove redundant ports. A comment that I left in the code at the
last commit asked if it was necessary to call efAddNodes and
efAddConns recursively. An example came up in which the answer
is apparently "yes". These routines have been replaced by
efFlatNodes(), which appears to solve the problem. There is now
a question of whether efFlatNodesDeviceless() does anything, and
should its main behavior (to flag deviceless subcircuits) be
folded into efFlatNodes.
rid of redundant port entries in subcircuits. There is still an outstanding
issue as to whether nodes and connections need to be recursively iterated
to the hierarchy bottom. The current fix corrected the test case. Also,
added a "-dereference" option to the "load" command to revert to the
original behavior of using only search paths from "addpath" when searching
for files to load.
ports, to avoid creating ports for node names that are redundant.
It would probably be better to avoid creating the redundant node
names in the first place; however, I am less certain why these
are generated. The incorrect additional ports all have hierarchical
names in the cell, which is a sign that they are incorrect, as the
cell itself should not have any parents. The level of certainty
about this fix is definitely not 100%, but it was tested on a
hierarchical analog design, and setting levels of parasitic caps
caused new nodes to appear in subcircuits and in no cases did
information appear to be lost.
with ext2spice without the hierarchy option. More work needed to
produce correct hierarchical output and to support extraction
devices other than the old "fet" record.
the below-threshold coupling caps being removed from the hierarchy,
added code to suppress the error message when it is clearly related
to a below-threshold cap that has been removed.
checks. Added new command "antennacheck" and a routine that
adds feedback entries where violations are found. Extended the
syntax of the extraction section of the techfile to support the
antenna ratios and antenna calculation methods.
simple FET device in extresist. Also: Extended the bloat-all CIF operator
again, allowing the trigger layer for the bloat operation to include both
CIF layers and magic layers (previously only magic layers were supported).
This extension is possible due to the previous extension allowing the
trigger layer and bloating layers to be on separate planes. This operator
extension is useful for tagging geometry that is in the proximity of, but
not overlapping, geometry on another plane.
Darryl L. Miles
Tim Edwards
Alessandro De Laurenzis
Anton Blanchard
Tim 'mithro' Ansell