Fix parameter pollution when using class parameters (#7711) (#7763)

Fixes #7711.

src/V3Param.cpp

@@ -1348,6 +1348,17 @@ class ParamProcessor final {
         }
     }
 
+    // True if a $bits/$size type query in nodep's parameters reads another type parameter.
+    static bool defaultParamsHaveTypeQueryOnParamType(const AstClassRefDType* nodep) {
+        bool found = false;
+        nodep->foreach([&](const AstAttrOf* attrp) {
+            if (found || !attrp->attrType().isTypeQuery()) return;
+            const AstRefDType* const refp = VN_CAST(attrp->fromp(), RefDType);
+            if (refp && VN_IS(refp->refDTypep(), ParamTypeDType)) found = true;
+        });
+        return found;
+    }
+
     // Check if exprp's class matches origp's class after deparameterization.
     // Handles both the simple case (user4p link from defaultsResolved) and the
     // nested case where the default's inner class has non-default sub-parameters
@@ -1362,6 +1373,9 @@ class ParamProcessor final {
         const AstNodeModule* const defaultClonep
             = VN_CAST(origClassRefp->classp()->user4p(), Class);
         if (defaultClonep && defaultClonep == exprClassRefp->classp()) return true;
+        // Skip the comparison when the default's $bits/$size reads another type parameter, as
+        // deparameterizing it below would resolve that shared type at the wrong width (#7711).
+        if (defaultParamsHaveTypeQueryOnParamType(origClassRefp)) return false;
         // Slow path: deparameterize the default type and compare the result.
         // Different templates can never match; use origName() because exprp's
         // class may already be a specialization (clone) of the template.

test_regress/t/t_interface_param_class_bits.py

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of either the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 3
+# or the Perl Artistic License Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Wilson Snyder
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios('simulator')
+
+test.compile(verilator_flags2=['--binary'])
+
+test.execute()
+
+test.passes()

test_regress/t/t_interface_param_class_bits.v

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// A class type parameter whose default reads $bits of a sibling type
+// parameter must not freeze that sibling at its default width when other
+// parameters of the interface are overridden (#7711).
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain.
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Wilson Snyder
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+class cls #(int width);
+endclass
+
+interface ifc
+  #(parameter int width = 8,
+    parameter type dtype = logic[width-1:0],
+    parameter type cparam = cls#($bits(dtype)));
+   dtype data;
+endinterface
+
+module t;
+  // width is overridden, dtype keeps its default logic[width-1:0], and the
+  // class type parameter is overridden.  dtype must follow width (1 bit).
+  ifc #(.width(1), .cparam(cls#(1))) inst1();
+  // Same interface left at its default width (8 bits) must still work.
+  ifc inst8();
+
+  always_comb inst1.data = 1'b0;
+
+  initial begin
+    if ($bits(inst1.data) != 1) begin
+      $write("%%Error: $bits(inst1.data)=%0d exp=1\n", $bits(inst1.data));
+      $stop;
+    end
+    if ($bits(inst8.data) != 8) begin
+      $write("%%Error: $bits(inst8.data)=%0d exp=8\n", $bits(inst8.data));
+      $stop;
+    end
+    $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+    $finish;
+  end
+endmodule