Verilator open-source SystemVerilog simulator and lint system
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Geza Lore 5ab2bf1ec4
Optimize input combinational logic by change detection (#7784)
When a lot of combinational logic is driven from top level inputs,
work can be wasted evaluating that logic if the top level inputs don't
change.

This change adds an optimization by performing a change detect on the
top level inputs, and evaluate 'ico' logic only if the top level input
actually changed. This especially helps with --hierarchical/--lib-create
which runs the 'ico' of each sub-model in the eval settle loop.

This was observed to yield 40%+ run-time speedup on some partitioned
designs.

The added change detection is cheap, so it is emitted even if the 'ico'
region is small, and is on by default.

The optimization is only sound if the model itself does not write to the
top level inputs (otherwise the 'previous value' variables would be out
of sync, which are not updated by internal writes.). If we can detect a
top level input is written within the design, then for that input, we
fall back on always running the relevant logic. With --vpi we cannot
prove safety statically, so --vpi will disable this optimisation unless
explicitly enabled. (In which case it's the user's responsibility to not
write to top level inputs via the VPI.)
2026-06-15 05:42:00 +01:00
.devcontainer Tests: Untabify some tests. 2024-09-01 21:12:37 -04:00
.github CI: Ubuntu 26.04 (#7776) 2026-06-13 08:40:36 -04:00
LICENSES Commentary: Changes update 2026-05-12 09:52:18 -04:00
bin Add hierarchy-aware reporting to `verilator_coverage` (#7657) 2026-06-04 09:32:19 -04:00
ci CI: Improve RTLMeter PR report (#7740) 2026-06-08 22:22:52 +01:00
docs Optimize input combinational logic by change detection (#7784) 2026-06-15 05:42:00 +01:00
examples Add SPDX copyright identifiers, and get 'reuse' clean. No functional change. 2026-01-26 20:24:34 -05:00
include Fix $fflush and autoflush with --threads (#7782). 2026-06-14 13:36:49 -04:00
nodist Internals: Fix lint-py warning 2026-06-07 21:37:16 -04:00
src Optimize input combinational logic by change detection (#7784) 2026-06-15 05:42:00 +01:00
test_regress Optimize input combinational logic by change detection (#7784) 2026-06-15 05:42:00 +01:00
.bake.toml Add SPDX copyright identifiers, and get 'reuse' clean. No functional change. 2026-01-26 20:24:34 -05:00
.clang-format Fix header order botched by clang-format in recent commit. 2023-10-18 06:37:46 -04:00
.clang-tidy Internals: Suppress clang-tidy warnings in macros (#7656) 2026-05-27 05:16:49 -07:00
.codacy.yml CI: Avoid duplicate action runs on dependabot 2025-09-03 18:54:27 -04:00
.codecov.yml Add SPDX copyright identifiers, and get 'reuse' clean. No functional change. 2026-01-26 20:24:34 -05:00
.gitattributes Commentary: Convert Changes to RST format 2021-03-14 14:12:58 -04:00
.gitignore Add 'make venv' target (#6775) 2025-12-14 11:18:32 +00:00
.pre-commit-hooks.yaml Add Docker pre-commit hook (#5238) (#5452) 2024-09-23 07:37:24 -04:00
.style.yapf Internals: Add .style.yapf 2024-08-26 21:53:36 -04:00
CITATION.cff Internals: Format CITATION.cff as proper YAML 2025-12-20 22:19:15 -05:00
CMakeLists.txt Support new FST writer API (#6871) (#6992) 2026-05-12 07:39:43 -04:00
CPPLINT.cfg Internals: Add cpplint control file and related cleanups 2022-01-09 16:49:38 -05:00
Changes Fix $fflush and autoflush with --threads (#7782). 2026-06-14 13:36:49 -04:00
LICENSE Add back LICENSE file due to (f4pga/actions#49) 2026-02-02 19:34:10 -05:00
Makefile.in CI: Show summary tables in 'pr: rtlmeter' results 2026-06-06 19:10:27 +01:00
README.rst Add SPDX copyright identifiers, and get 'reuse' clean. No functional change. 2026-01-26 20:24:34 -05:00
REUSE.toml Commentary: Changes update 2026-05-12 09:52:18 -04:00
configure.ac Configure: Fall back on dynamic malloc libraries if static not available (#7736) 2026-06-08 11:55:38 +01:00
install-sh Internals: Avoid using <tab> in the middle of lines (#3913) 2023-01-29 22:39:22 -05:00
python-dev-requirements.txt Add SPDX copyright identifiers, and get 'reuse' clean. No functional change. 2026-01-26 20:24:34 -05:00
verilator-config-version.cmake.in Add SPDX copyright identifiers, and get 'reuse' clean. No functional change. 2026-01-26 20:24:34 -05:00
verilator-config.cmake.in Support new FST writer API (#6871) (#6992) 2026-05-12 07:39:43 -04:00
verilator.pc.in Fix default pkgconfig version to have no spaces (#2308) 2020-05-05 08:46:24 -04:00

README.rst

.. Github doesn't render images unless absolute URL
.. Do not know of a conditional tag, "only: github" nor "github display" works
.. SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2003-2026 Wilson Snyder
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0

|badge1| |badge2| |badge3| |badge4| |badge5| |badge7| |badge8|

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Welcome to Verilator
====================

.. list-table::

   * - **Welcome to Verilator, the fastest Verilog/SystemVerilog simulator.**
        * Accepts Verilog or SystemVerilog
        * Performs lint code-quality checks
        * Compiles into multithreaded C++, or SystemC
        * Creates JSON to front-end your own tools
     - |Logo|
   * - |verilator multithreaded performance|
     - **Fast**
        * Outperforms many closed-source commercial simulators
        * Single- and multithreaded output models
   * - **Widely Used**
        * Wide industry and academic deployment
        * Out-of-the-box support from Arm and RISC-V vendor IP
        * Over 700 contributors
     - |verilator usage|
   * - |verilator community|
     - **Community Driven & Openly Licensed**
        * Guided by the `CHIPS Alliance`_ and `Linux Foundation`_
        * Open, and free as in both speech and beer
        * More simulation for your verification budget
   * - **Commercial Support Available**
        * Commercial support contracts
        * Design support contracts
        * Enhancement contracts
     - |verilator support|


What Verilator Does
===================

Verilator is invoked with parameters similar to GCC or Synopsys's VCS. It
"Verilates" the specified Verilog or SystemVerilog code by reading it,
performing lint checks, and optionally inserting assertion checks and
coverage-analysis points. It outputs single- or multithreaded .cpp and .h
files, the "Verilated" code.

Verilator can automatically generate a simulator executable (using
``--binary``), or users can write their own C++/SystemC wrapper to
instantiate the model. The resulting Verilated executable performs the
design simulation. Verilator also supports linking Verilator-generated
libraries, optionally encrypted, into other simulators.

Verilator supports all design constructs, most verification constructs,
intra-assignment delays (e.g, `#10`), and events. Tristate-bus (`z`) and
unknowns (`x`) are handled in limited contexts, in a special manor for
performance. It currently may not be the best choice if you are expecting a
full-featured replacement for a closed-source Verilog simulator, performing
SDF annotation, or mixed-signal simulation. However, if you are looking for
a path to migrate SystemVerilog to C++/SystemC, or want high-speed
simulation, Verilator is the tool for you.


Performance
===========

Verilator does not directly translate Verilog HDL to C++ or SystemC.
Rather, Verilator compiles your code into a much faster optimized and
optionally thread-partitioned model, which is in turn wrapped inside a
C++/SystemC module. The results are a compiled Verilog model that executes
even on a single thread over 10x faster than standalone SystemC, and on a
single thread is about 100 times faster than interpreted Verilog simulators
such as `Icarus Verilog`_. Another 2-10x speedup might be gained from
multithreading (yielding 200-1000x total over interpreted simulators).

Verilator has typically similar or better performance versus closed-source
Verilog simulators (e.g., Aldec Riviera-Pro, Cadence Incisive/NC-Verilog,
Mentor ModelSim/Questa, Synopsys VCS, VTOC, and Pragmatic CVer/CVC). But,
Verilator is open-sourced, so you can spend on computes rather than
licenses. Thus, Verilator gives you the best simulation cycles/dollar.


Installation & Documentation
============================

For more information:

- `Verilator installation and package directory structure
  <https://verilator.org/install>`_

- `Verilator manual (HTML) <https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.html>`_, or
  `Verilator manual (PDF) <https://verilator.org/verilator_doc.pdf>`_

- `Subscribe to Verilator announcements
  <https://github.com/verilator/verilator-announce>`_

- `Verilator forum <https://verilator.org/forum>`_

- `Verilator issues <https://verilator.org/issues>`_


Support
=======

Verilator is a community project, guided by the `CHIPS Alliance`_ under the
`Linux Foundation`_.

We appreciate and welcome your contributions in whatever form; please see
`Contributing to Verilator
<https://github.com/verilator/verilator/blob/master/docs/CONTRIBUTING.rst>`_.
Thanks to our `Contributors and Sponsors
<https://verilator.org/guide/latest/contributors.html>`_.

Verilator also supports and encourages commercial support models and
organizations; please see `Verilator Commercial Support
<https://verilator.org/verilator_commercial_support>`_.


Related Projects
================

- `Cocotb <https://www.cocotb.org/>`_ - A coroutine-based cosimulation
  library for writing testbenches in Python which officially supports
  Verilator.

- `GTKwave <https://gtkwave.sourceforge.net/>`_ - Waveform viewer for
  Verilator traces.

- `Icarus Verilog`_ - Icarus is a highly-featured interpreted Verilog
  simulator. If Verilator does not support your needs, perhaps Icarus may.

- `Surfer <https://surfer-project.org/>`_ - Web or offline waveform viewer
  for Verilator traces.


Open License
============

Verilator is Copyright 2003-2026 by Wilson Snyder. (Report bugs to
`Verilator Issues <https://verilator.org/issues>`_.)

Verilator is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of either the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the
Perl Artistic License Version 2.0. See the documentation for more details.

.. _chips alliance: https://chipsalliance.org
.. _icarus verilog: https://steveicarus.github.io/iverilog
.. _linux foundation: https://www.linuxfoundation.org
.. |Logo| image:: https://www.veripool.org/img/verilator_256_200_min.png
.. |verilator multithreaded performance| image:: https://www.veripool.org/img/verilator_multithreaded_performance_bg-min.png
.. |verilator usage| image:: https://www.veripool.org/img/verilator_usage_400x200-min.png
.. |verilator community| image:: https://www.veripool.org/img/verilator_community_400x125-min.png
.. |verilator support| image:: https://www.veripool.org/img/verilator_support_400x125-min.png