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<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">IVLPP - IVL Preprocessor</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vvp_flags.html">VVP Command Line Flags</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vvp_debug.html">VVP Interactive Mode</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vhdlpp_flags.html">vhdlpp Command Line Flags</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="vpi.html">Using VPI</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="icarus_verilog_extensions.html">Icarus Verilog Extensions</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="icarus_verilog_quirks.html">Icarus Verilog Quirks</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../targets/index.html">The Icarus Verilog Targets</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../targets/tgt-vvp.html">The vvp Code Generator (-tvvp)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../targets/tgt-sizer.html">The sizer Code Analyzer (-tsizer)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../targets/tgt-verilog.html">The Verilog Code Generator (-tverilog)</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../developer/index.html">Icarus Verilog Developer Support</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../developer/regression_tests.html">The Regression Test Suite</a></li>
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<section id="ivlpp-ivl-preprocessor">
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<h1>IVLPP - IVL Preprocessor<a class="headerlink" href="#ivlpp-ivl-preprocessor" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
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<p>The ivlpp command is a Verilog preprocessor that handles file
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inclusion and macro substitution. The program runs separate from the
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actual compiler so as to ease the task of the compiler proper, and
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provides a means of preprocessing files off-line.</p>
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<p>USAGE:</p>
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||
<blockquote>
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<div><p>ivlpp [options] <file></p>
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</div></blockquote>
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<p>The <file> parameter is the name of the file to be read and
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preprocessed. The resulting output is sent to standard output. The
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valid options include:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p>-Dname[=value]</p>
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<blockquote>
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||
<div><p>Predefine the symbol <cite>name</cite> to have the specified
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value. If the value is not specified, then <cite>1</cite> is
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used. This is mostly of use for controlling conditional
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compilation.</p>
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<p>This option does <em>not</em> override existing `define
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directives in the source file.</p>
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</div></blockquote>
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</li>
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||
<li><dl class="option-list">
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<dt><kbd><span class="option">-F <var><path></var></span></kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>Read ivlpp options from a FLAGS FILE. This is not the same
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as a file list. This file contains flags, not source
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files. There may be multiple flags files.</p>
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</dd>
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||
</dl>
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||
</li>
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<li><dl class="option-list">
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<dt><kbd><span class="option">-f <var><path></var></span></kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>Read ivlpp input files from a file list. There can be no
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more than one file list.</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</li>
|
||
<li><dl class="option-list">
|
||
<dt><kbd><span class="option">-I <var><dir></var></span></kbd></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Add a directory to the include path. Normally, only “.” is
|
||
in the search path. The -I flag causes other directories
|
||
to be searched for a named file. There may be as many -I
|
||
flags as needed.</p>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><dl class="option-list">
|
||
<dt><kbd><span class="option">-L</span></kbd></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Generate `line directives. The ivl compiler understands
|
||
these directives and uses them to keep track of the
|
||
current line of the original source file. This makes error
|
||
messages more meaningful.</p>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><dl class="option-list">
|
||
<dt><kbd><span class="option">-o <var><file></var></span></kbd></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Send the output to the named file, instead of to standard
|
||
output.</p>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><dl class="option-list">
|
||
<dt><kbd><span class="option">-v</span></kbd></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Print version and copyright information before processing
|
||
input files.</p>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><dl class="option-list">
|
||
<dt><kbd><span class="option">-V</span></kbd></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>Print version and copyright information, then exit WITHOUT
|
||
processing any input files.</p>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<section id="flags-file">
|
||
<h2>Flags File<a class="headerlink" href="#flags-file" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>A flags file contains flags for use by ivlpp. This is a convenient way
|
||
for programs to pass complex sets of flags to the ivlpp program.</p>
|
||
<p>Blank lines and lines that start with “#” are ignored. The latter can
|
||
be used as comment lines. All other lines are flag lines. Leading and
|
||
trailing white space are removed before the lines are interpreted.</p>
|
||
<p>Other lines have the simple format:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span data-line="1"><key>:<value>
|
||
</span></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>The colon character separates a key from the value. The supported
|
||
keys, with their corresponding values, are:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><p>D:name=<value></p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<div><p>This is exactly the same as the “-Dname=<value>” described above.</p>
|
||
</div></blockquote>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>I:<dir></p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<div><p>This is exactly the same as “-I<dir>”.</p>
|
||
</div></blockquote>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>relative include:<flag></p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<div><p>The <flag> can be “true” or “false”. This enables “relative
|
||
includes” nesting behavior.</p>
|
||
</div></blockquote>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>vhdlpp:<path></p>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<div><p>Give the path to the vhdlpp program. This program is used to
|
||
process VHDL input files.</p>
|
||
</div></blockquote>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="locating-included-files">
|
||
<h2>Locating Included Files<a class="headerlink" href="#locating-included-files" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>The ivlpp preprocessor implements the `include directives by
|
||
substituting the contents of the included file in place of the line
|
||
with the `include directive. The name that the programmer specifies is
|
||
a file name. Normally, the preprocessor looks in the current working
|
||
directory for the named file. However, the <cite>-I</cite> flags can be used to
|
||
specify a path of directories to search for named include files. The
|
||
current directory will be searched first, followed by all the include
|
||
directories in the order that the -I flag appears.</p>
|
||
<p>The exception to this process is include files that have a name that
|
||
starts with the ‘/’ character. These file names are <cite>rooted names</cite>
|
||
and must be in the rooted location specified.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="generated-line-directives">
|
||
<h2>Generated Line Directives<a class="headerlink" href="#generated-line-directives" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Compilers generally try to print along with their error messages the
|
||
file and line number where the error occurred. Icarus Verilog is no
|
||
exception. However, if a separate preprocessor is actually selecting
|
||
and opening files, then the line numbers counted by the compiler
|
||
proper will not reflect the actual line numbers in the source file.</p>
|
||
<p>To handle this situation, the preprocessor can generate line
|
||
directives. These directives are lines of the form:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span data-line="1">`line <num> <name> <level>
|
||
</span></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>where <name> is the file name in double-quotes and <num> is the line
|
||
number in the file. The parser changes the filename and line number
|
||
counters in such a way that the next line is line number <num> in
|
||
the file named <name>. For example:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span data-line="1">`line 6 "foo.vl" 0
|
||
</span><span data-line="2">// I am on line 6 in file foo.vl.
|
||
</span></pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>The preprocessor generates a `line directive every time it switches
|
||
files. That includes starting an included file (`line 1 “foo.vlh” 1) or
|
||
returning to the including file.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
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