From 47b52800bf4d2ee85ef6472a610155e4169d5278 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Todd Strader <todd.strader@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 6 Nov 2025 08:23:35 -0500
Subject: [PATCH] Fix expression coverage of system calls (#6592)

---
 src/V3Ast.h                                   |   2 +
 src/V3AstNodeExpr.h                           |  53 +++
 src/V3Coverage.cpp                            |  11 +-
 src/V3EmitV.cpp                               |   4 +
 test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.out      | 339 ++++++++++++++++++
 test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.py       |  26 ++
 test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.v        |  81 +++++
 .../t/t_sys_file_basic_cover_expr.out         |   1 +
 test_regress/t/t_sys_file_basic_cover_expr.py |  26 ++
 9 files changed, 539 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.out
 create mode 100755 test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.py
 create mode 100644 test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.v
 create mode 120000 test_regress/t/t_sys_file_basic_cover_expr.out
 create mode 100755 test_regress/t/t_sys_file_basic_cover_expr.py

diff --git a/src/V3Ast.h b/src/V3Ast.h
index 165e2ee44..65054e378 100644
--- a/src/V3Ast.h
+++ b/src/V3Ast.h
@@ -902,6 +902,8 @@ public:
     // isUnlikely handles $stop or similar statement which means an above IF
     // statement is unlikely to be taken
     virtual bool isUnlikely() const { return false; }
+    // Is an IEEE system function (versus internally-generated)
+    virtual bool isSystemFunc() const { return false; }
     virtual int instrCount() const { return 0; }
     // Iff node is identical to another node
     virtual bool isSame(const AstNode* samep) const {
diff --git a/src/V3AstNodeExpr.h b/src/V3AstNodeExpr.h
index 066e2be69..e8448a0bf 100644
--- a/src/V3AstNodeExpr.h
+++ b/src/V3AstNodeExpr.h
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanRhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersRhs() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_DBL_TRIG; }
     void numberOperate(V3Number&, const V3Number&, const V3Number&) override { V3ERROR_NA; }
 };
@@ -172,6 +173,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanRhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersRhs() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_DBL_TRIG; }
     bool doubleFlavor() const override { return true; }
 };
@@ -347,6 +349,7 @@ protected:
 
 public:
     ASTGEN_MEMBERS_AstNodeTermop;
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstNodeTriop VL_NOT_FINAL : public AstNodeExpr {
     // Ternary expression
@@ -403,6 +406,7 @@ public:
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersRhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersThs() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_DBL_TRIG; }
     void numberOperate(V3Number& out, const V3Number& lhs, const V3Number& rhs,
                        const V3Number& ths) override {
@@ -449,6 +453,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { return true; }
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_DBL_TRIG; }
     bool doubleFlavor() const override { return true; }
 };
@@ -1350,6 +1355,7 @@ public:
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs() * 64; }
     bool isPredictOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPure() override { return false; }  // SPECIAL: $display has 'visual' ordering
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstFOpen final : public AstNodeExpr {
@@ -1372,6 +1378,7 @@ public:
     bool isOutputter() override { return true; }
     bool isUnlikely() const override { return true; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstFOpenMcd final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // @astgen op2 := filenamep : AstNodeExpr
@@ -1415,6 +1422,7 @@ public:
     bool isOutputter() override { return true; }  // SPECIAL: makes output
     bool cleanOut() const override { return false; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstFRewind final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // @astgen op1 := filep : Optional[AstNode]
@@ -1462,6 +1470,7 @@ public:
     }
     string text() const { return m_text; }  // * = Text to display
     void text(const string& text) { m_text = text; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstFSeek final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // @astgen op1 := filep : AstNode // file (must be a VarRef)
@@ -1484,6 +1493,7 @@ public:
     bool isOutputter() override { return true; }  // SPECIAL: makes output
     bool cleanOut() const override { return false; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstFTell final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // @astgen op1 := filep : AstNode // file (must be a VarRef)
@@ -1503,6 +1513,7 @@ public:
     bool isUnlikely() const override { return true; }
     bool cleanOut() const override { return false; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstFalling final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // Verilog $falling_gclk
@@ -1519,6 +1530,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs(); }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstFell final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // Verilog $fell
@@ -1537,6 +1549,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs(); }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstFuture final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // Verilog $future_gclk
@@ -1555,6 +1568,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs(); }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstGatePin final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // Possibly expand a gate primitive input pin value to match the range of the gate primitive
@@ -1835,6 +1849,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs(); }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstPatMember final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // Verilog '{a} or '{a{b}}
@@ -1923,6 +1938,7 @@ public:
     bool isGateOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPredictOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPure() override { return !seedp(); }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_PLI; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
     bool combinable(const AstRand* samep) const {
@@ -1947,6 +1963,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { return false; }
     bool isGateOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPredictOptimizable() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_PLI; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
 };
@@ -1965,6 +1982,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs(); }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstRose final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // Verilog $rose
@@ -1983,6 +2001,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs(); }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstSExpr final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // Sequence expression
@@ -2055,6 +2074,7 @@ public:
     string emitVerilog() override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     string emitC() override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     bool cleanOut() const override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(true); }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstSScanF final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // @astgen op1 := exprsp : List[AstNode] // VarRefs for results
@@ -2086,6 +2106,7 @@ public:
     string text() const { return m_text; }  // * = Text to display
     VTimescale timeunit() const { return m_timeunit; }
     void timeunit(const VTimescale& flag) { m_timeunit = flag; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstSampled final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // Verilog $sampled
@@ -2102,6 +2123,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     int instrCount() const override { return 0; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstScopeName final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // For display %m and DPI context imports
@@ -2228,6 +2250,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs(); }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstStackTraceF final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // $stacktrace used as function
@@ -2263,6 +2286,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs(); }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstStructSel final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // Unpacked struct/union member access
@@ -2330,6 +2354,7 @@ public:
     bool isUnlikely() const override { return true; }
     bool cleanOut() const override { return true; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstTestPlusArgs final : public AstNodeExpr {
     // Search expression. If nullptr then this is a $test$plusargs instead of $value$plusargs.
@@ -2346,6 +2371,7 @@ public:
     bool isGateOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPredictOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     // but isPure() true
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     bool cleanOut() const override { return true; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
 };
@@ -2380,6 +2406,7 @@ public:
     string emitC() override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     string emitSimpleOperator() override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     bool cleanOut() const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs(); }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
 };
@@ -2396,6 +2423,7 @@ public:
     string emitC() override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     string emitSimpleOperator() override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     bool cleanOut() const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs(); }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
     VTimescale timeunit() const { return m_timeunit; }
@@ -2450,6 +2478,7 @@ public:
     bool isGateOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPredictOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPure() override { return !outp(); }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     bool cleanOut() const override { return true; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
 };
@@ -2553,6 +2582,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanRhs() const override { return true; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersRhs() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs() * 20; }
     bool isPure() override { return false; }
 };
@@ -2731,6 +2761,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanRhs() const override { return true; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersRhs() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs() * 64; }
     AstNode* strgp() const { return lhsp(); }
     AstNode* filep() const { return rhsp(); }
@@ -2751,6 +2782,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanRhs() const override { return true; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersRhs() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs() * 64; }
     bool isPredictOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPure() override { return false; }  // SPECIAL: $display has 'visual' ordering
@@ -3667,6 +3699,7 @@ public:
     bool isGateOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPredictOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPure() override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_PLI; }
 };
 
@@ -4452,6 +4485,7 @@ public:
     bool sizeMattersRhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersThs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersFhs() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs() * 16; }
 };
 
@@ -4466,6 +4500,7 @@ public:
     string emitVerilog() override { return "%f$inferred_disable"; }
     string emitC() override { V3ERROR_NA_RETURN(""); }
     bool cleanOut() const override { return true; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstTime final : public AstNodeTermop {
@@ -4482,6 +4517,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { return true; }
     bool isGateOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPredictOptimizable() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_TIME; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
     void dump(std::ostream& str = std::cout) const override;
@@ -4503,6 +4539,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { return true; }
     bool isGateOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPredictOptimizable() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_TIME; }
     bool sameNode(const AstNode* /*samep*/) const override { return true; }
     void dump(std::ostream& str = std::cout) const override;
@@ -4795,6 +4832,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return false; }  // Eliminated before matters
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }  // Eliminated before matters
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_DBL; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstCAwait final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // Emit C++'s co_await expression
@@ -4867,6 +4905,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return true; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs() * 16; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstCastWrap final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // A cast which has been expanded and the LHSP does all the lifting
@@ -4896,6 +4935,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return true; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs() * 16; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstCvtPackString final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // Convert to Verilator Packed String (aka verilog "string")
@@ -4977,6 +5017,7 @@ public:
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs() * 16; }
     bool isPredictOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPure() override { return false; }  // SPECIAL: $display has 'visual' ordering
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
     AstNode* filep() const { return lhsp(); }
 };
 class AstFGetC final : public AstNodeUniop {
@@ -4995,6 +5036,7 @@ public:
     bool isPredictOptimizable() const override { return false; }
     bool isPure() override { return false; }  // SPECIAL: $display has 'visual' ordering
     AstNode* filep() const { return lhsp(); }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstISToRD final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // $itor where lhs is signed
@@ -5012,6 +5054,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return true; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_DBL; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstIToRD final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // $itor where lhs is unsigned
@@ -5028,6 +5071,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return true; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_DBL; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstIsUnbounded final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // True if is unbounded ($)
@@ -5046,6 +5090,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { return false; }
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstIsUnknown final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // True if any unknown bits
@@ -5061,6 +5106,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanOut() const override { return false; }
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstLenN final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // Length of a string
@@ -5191,6 +5237,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return true; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs() * 4; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstOneHot0 final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // True if only single bit, or no bits set in vector
@@ -5207,6 +5254,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return true; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     int instrCount() const override { return widthInstrs() * 3; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstRToIRoundS final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // Convert real to integer, with arbitrary sized output (not just "integer" format)
@@ -5225,6 +5273,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return false; }
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_DBL; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstRToIS final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // $rtoi(lhs)
@@ -5241,6 +5290,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return false; }  // Eliminated before matters
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }  // Eliminated before matters
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_DBL; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstRealToBits final : public AstNodeUniop {
 public:
@@ -5256,6 +5306,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return false; }  // Eliminated before matters
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return false; }  // Eliminated before matters
     int instrCount() const override { return INSTR_COUNT_DBL; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstRedAnd final : public AstNodeUniop {
 public:
@@ -5337,6 +5388,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return false; }  // Eliminated before matters
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return true; }  // Eliminated before matters
     int instrCount() const override { return 0; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 class AstTimeImport final : public AstNodeUniop {
     // Take a constant that represents a time and needs conversion based on time units
@@ -5419,6 +5471,7 @@ public:
     bool cleanLhs() const override { return false; }  // Eliminated before matters
     bool sizeMattersLhs() const override { return true; }  // Eliminated before matters
     int instrCount() const override { return 0; }
+    bool isSystemFunc() const override { return true; }
 };
 
 // === AstNodeSystemUniopD ===
diff --git a/src/V3Coverage.cpp b/src/V3Coverage.cpp
index 6a72acd00..5d3e5fd83 100644
--- a/src/V3Coverage.cpp
+++ b/src/V3Coverage.cpp
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ class CoverageVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
     const VNUser2InUse m_inuser2;
     V3UniqueNames m_exprTempNames;  // For generating unique temporary variable names used by
                                     // expression coverage
-    std::unordered_map<VNRef<AstFuncRef>, AstVar*> m_funcTemps;
+    std::unordered_map<AstNodeExpr*, AstVar*> m_funcTemps;
 
     // STATE - across all visitors
     int m_nextHandle = 0;
@@ -277,6 +277,7 @@ class CoverageVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
         VL_RESTORER(m_modp);
         VL_RESTORER(m_state);
         VL_RESTORER(m_exprTempNames);
+        VL_RESTORER(m_funcTemps);
         createHandle(nodep);
         m_modp = nodep;
         m_state.m_inModOff
@@ -333,6 +334,7 @@ class CoverageVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
     void visit(AstNodeFTask* nodep) override {
         VL_RESTORER(m_ftaskp);
         VL_RESTORER(m_exprTempNames);
+        VL_RESTORER(m_funcTemps);
         m_ftaskp = nodep;
         if (!nodep->dpiImport()) iterateProcedure(nodep);
     }
@@ -784,9 +786,10 @@ class CoverageVisitor final : public VNVisitor {
                 comment += (first ? "" : " && ") + term.m_emitV
                            + "==" + (term.m_objective ? "1" : "0");
                 AstNodeExpr* covExprp = nullptr;
-                if (AstFuncRef* const frefp = VN_CAST(term.m_exprp, FuncRef)) {
-                    AstNodeDType* const dtypep = frefp->taskp()->fvarp()->dtypep();
-                    const auto pair = m_funcTemps.emplace(*frefp, nullptr);
+                if (VN_IS(term.m_exprp, FuncRef) || term.m_exprp->isSystemFunc()) {
+                    AstNodeExpr* const frefp = term.m_exprp;
+                    AstNodeDType* const dtypep = frefp->dtypep();
+                    const auto pair = m_funcTemps.emplace(frefp, nullptr);
                     AstVar* varp = pair.first->second;
                     if (pair.second) {
                         varp = new AstVar{fl, VVarType::MODULETEMP, m_exprTempNames.get(frefp),
diff --git a/src/V3EmitV.cpp b/src/V3EmitV.cpp
index 58e66b8bb..f8818749b 100644
--- a/src/V3EmitV.cpp
+++ b/src/V3EmitV.cpp
@@ -699,6 +699,10 @@ class EmitVBaseVisitorConst VL_NOT_FINAL : public VNVisitorConst {
         emitVerilogFormat(nodep, nodep->emitVerilog(), nodep->lhsp(), nodep->rhsp(),
                           nodep->thsp());
     }
+    void visit(AstNodeQuadop* nodep) override {
+        emitVerilogFormat(nodep, nodep->emitVerilog(), nodep->lhsp(), nodep->rhsp(), nodep->thsp(),
+                          nodep->fhsp());
+    }
     void visit(AstMemberSel* nodep) override {
         iterateConst(nodep->fromp());
         puts(".");
diff --git a/test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.out b/test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.out
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5824d5a89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.out
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+//      // verilator_coverage annotation
+        // DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+        //
+        // This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+        // any use, without warranty, 2024 by Wilson Snyder.
+        // SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+        
+        module t (/*AUTOARG*/
+          // Inputs
+          clk
+          );
+        
+          input clk;
+        
+          int cyc, bump, result;
+          logic foo;
+%000001   initial begin
+-000001  point: comment=block hier=top.t
+%000001     cyc = 0;
+-000001  point: comment=block hier=top.t
+%000001     foo = '1;
+-000001  point: comment=block hier=top.t
+          end
+        
+        
+ 000010   always @(posedge clk) begin
++000010  point: comment=block hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($time != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($realtime != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($stime != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($bitstoreal(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($bitstoreal(64'h7b) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($bitstoreal(64'h7b) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($itor(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($itor($signed(32'sh7b)) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($itor($signed(32'sh7b)) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($signed(3) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=((32'sh3 != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=((32'sh3 != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($realtobits(1.23) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($realtobits(1.23) != 64'h0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($realtobits(1.23) != 64'h0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($rtoi(1.23) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($rtoi(1.23) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($rtoi(1.23) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($unsigned(-3) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(((- 32'sh3) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(((- 32'sh3) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($clog2(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($clog2(32'sh7b) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($clog2(32'sh7b) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($ln(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($ln($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($ln($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($log10(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($log10($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($log10($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($exp(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($exp($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($exp($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($sqrt(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($sqrt($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($sqrt($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($pow(123, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=((($itor($signed(32'sh7b)) ** $itor($signed(32'sh2))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=((($itor($signed(32'sh7b)) ** $itor($signed(32'sh2))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($floor(1.23) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($floor(1.23) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($floor(1.23) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($ceil(1.23) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($ceil(1.23) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($ceil(1.23) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($sin(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($sin($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($sin($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($cos(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($cos($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($cos($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($tan(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($tan($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($tan($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($asin(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($asin($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($asin($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($acos(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($acos($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($acos($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($atan(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($atan($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($atan($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($atan2(123, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($atan2($itor($signed(32'sh7b)),$itor($signed(32'sh2))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($atan2($itor($signed(32'sh7b)),$itor($signed(32'sh2))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($hypot(123, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($hypot($itor($signed(32'sh7b)),$itor($signed(32'sh2))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($hypot($itor($signed(32'sh7b)),$itor($signed(32'sh2))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($sinh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($sinh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($sinh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($cosh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($cosh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($cosh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($tanh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($tanh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($tanh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($asinh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($asinh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($asinh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($acosh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($acosh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($acosh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($atanh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($atanh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($atanh($itor($signed(32'sh7b))) != $itor($signed(32'sh0)))==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($countbits(123, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($countbits(32'sh7b, 32'sh2, , 32'sh2) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($countbits(32'sh7b, 32'sh2, , 32'sh2) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($onehot(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
++000010  point: comment=(($onehot(32'sh7b) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(($onehot(32'sh7b) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=if hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if ($isunknown(foo) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
++000010  point: comment=($isunknown(foo)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=($isunknown(foo)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=if hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($countones(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($countones(32'sh7b) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($countones(32'sh7b) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($onehot0(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
++000010  point: comment=(($onehot0(32'sh7b) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(($onehot0(32'sh7b) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=if hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($sampled(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($sampled(foo) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($sampled(foo) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($fell(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
++000010  point: comment=(($fell(foo) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(($fell(foo) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=if hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+%000009     if (($changed(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000009  point: comment=(((! $stable(foo)) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000001  point: comment=(((! $stable(foo)) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000001  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000009  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+%000009     if (($rose(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000009  point: comment=(($rose(foo) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000001  point: comment=(($rose(foo) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000001  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000009  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+%000009     if (($stable(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000001  point: comment=(($stable(foo) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000009  point: comment=(($stable(foo) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000009  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000001  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+%000009     if (($past(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000001  point: comment=(($past(foo) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000009  point: comment=(($past(foo) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000009  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000001  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($random != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($dist_erlang(result, 2, 3) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($dist_erlang(result, 32'sh2, 32'sh3) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($dist_erlang(result, 32'sh2, 32'sh3) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($dist_normal(result, 2, 3) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($dist_normal(result, 32'sh2, 32'sh3) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($dist_normal(result, 32'sh2, 32'sh3) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($dist_t(result, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($dist_t(result, 32'sh2) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(($dist_t(result, 32'sh2) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=if hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($dist_chi_square(result, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($dist_chi_square(result, 32'sh2) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($dist_chi_square(result, 32'sh2) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($dist_exponential(result, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($dist_exponential(result, 32'sh2) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(($dist_exponential(result, 32'sh2) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($dist_poisson(result, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
++000010  point: comment=(($dist_poisson(result, 32'sh2) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($dist_poisson(result, 32'sh2) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($dist_uniform(result, 2, 3) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(($dist_uniform(result, 32'sh2, 32'sh3) != 32'sh0)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(($dist_uniform(result, 32'sh2, 32'sh3) != 32'sh0)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (($sformatf("abc") != "abc") && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
++000010  point: comment=(($sformatf(%22abc%22);%0A != %22abc%22)==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(($sformatf(%22abc%22);%0A != %22abc%22)==1 && foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=if hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+~000010     if (foo && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+-000000  point: comment=(foo==0) => 0 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=(foo==1) => 1 hier=top.t
++000010  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000000  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+ 000010     cyc <= cyc + 1;
++000010  point: comment=block hier=top.t
+%000009     if (cyc==9) begin
+-000001  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+-000009  point: comment=else hier=top.t
+%000001       $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+-000001  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+%000001       $finish;
+-000001  point: comment=if hier=top.t
+            end
+           end
+        endmodule
+        
diff --git a/test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.py b/test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.py
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..c1be5c43d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2024 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios("simulator")
+
+test.compile(verilator_flags2=["--cc --coverage-line --coverage-expr"])
+
+test.execute()
+
+test.run(cmd=[os.environ["VERILATOR_ROOT"] + "/bin/verilator_coverage",
+              "--annotate-points",
+              "--annotate", test.obj_dir + "/annotated",
+              test.obj_dir + "/coverage.dat"],
+         verilator_run=True)  # yapf:disable
+
+test.files_identical(test.obj_dir + "/annotated/t_cover_sys_line_expr.v", test.golden_filename)
+
+test.passes()
diff --git a/test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.v b/test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.v
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d83664aa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_regress/t/t_cover_sys_line_expr.v
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test module
+//
+// This file ONLY is placed under the Creative Commons Public Domain, for
+// any use, without warranty, 2024 by Wilson Snyder.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0
+
+module t (/*AUTOARG*/
+  // Inputs
+  clk
+  );
+
+  input clk;
+
+  int cyc, bump, result;
+  logic foo;
+  initial begin
+    cyc = 0;
+    foo = '1;
+  end
+
+
+  always @(posedge clk) begin
+    if (($time != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($realtime != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($stime != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($bitstoreal(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($itor(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($signed(3) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($realtobits(1.23) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($rtoi(1.23) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($unsigned(-3) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($clog2(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($ln(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($log10(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($exp(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($sqrt(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($pow(123, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($floor(1.23) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($ceil(1.23) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($sin(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($cos(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($tan(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($asin(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($acos(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($atan(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($atan2(123, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($hypot(123, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($sinh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($cosh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($tanh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($asinh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($acosh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($atanh(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($countbits(123, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($onehot(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if ($isunknown(foo) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($countones(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($onehot0(123) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($sampled(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($fell(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($changed(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($rose(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($stable(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($past(foo) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($random != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($dist_erlang(result, 2, 3) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($dist_normal(result, 2, 3) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($dist_t(result, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($dist_chi_square(result, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($dist_exponential(result, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($dist_poisson(result, 2) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($dist_uniform(result, 2, 3) != 0) && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (($sformatf("abc") != "abc") && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    if (foo && foo) bump <= bump + 1;
+    cyc <= cyc + 1;
+    if (cyc==9) begin
+      $write("*-* All Finished *-*\n");
+      $finish;
+    end
+   end
+endmodule
diff --git a/test_regress/t/t_sys_file_basic_cover_expr.out b/test_regress/t/t_sys_file_basic_cover_expr.out
new file mode 120000
index 000000000..36fc2f5aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_regress/t/t_sys_file_basic_cover_expr.out
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+t_sys_file_basic.out
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test_regress/t/t_sys_file_basic_cover_expr.py b/test_regress/t/t_sys_file_basic_cover_expr.py
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0c86310dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test_regress/t/t_sys_file_basic_cover_expr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# DESCRIPTION: Verilator: Verilog Test driver/expect definition
+#
+# Copyright 2024 by Wilson Snyder. This program is free software; you
+# can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of either the GNU
+# Lesser General Public License Version 3 or the Perl Artistic License
+# Version 2.0.
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-3.0-only OR Artistic-2.0
+
+import vltest_bootstrap
+
+test.scenarios("simulator")
+test.top_filename = "t/t_sys_file_basic.v"
+
+test.unlink_ok(test.obj_dir + "/t_sys_file_basic_test.log")
+
+test.compile(
+    verilator_flags2=["--coverage-expr"],
+    # Build without cached objects, see bug363
+    make_flags=["VM_PARALLEL_BUILDS=0"],
+)
+
+test.execute()
+test.files_identical(test.obj_dir + "/t_sys_file_basic_test.log", test.golden_filename)
+
+test.passes()