diff --git a/DEVELOPING.md b/DEVELOPING.md
index beff0e099..a0d41f26a 100644
--- a/DEVELOPING.md
+++ b/DEVELOPING.md
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ You'd need alternative DSL import since you can't rely on sbt package object.
 
 ```scala
 // for slash syntax
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 
 // for IO
 import sbt.io.syntax._
diff --git a/buildfile/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/EvaluateConfigurations.scala b/buildfile/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/EvaluateConfigurations.scala
index 78f60b560..ec935626d 100644
--- a/buildfile/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/EvaluateConfigurations.scala
+++ b/buildfile/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/EvaluateConfigurations.scala
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import java.nio.file.Path
 import sbt.internal.util.complete.DefaultParsers.validID
 import Def.{ ScopedKey, Setting }
 import Scope.GlobalScope
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0.*
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.parser.SbtParser
 import sbt.io.IO
 import scala.jdk.CollectionConverters.*
diff --git a/main-command/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CommandChannel.scala b/main-command/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CommandChannel.scala
index 49f139a93..7d9eb94d1 100644
--- a/main-command/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CommandChannel.scala
+++ b/main-command/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CommandChannel.scala
@@ -101,6 +101,10 @@ abstract class CommandChannel {
   }
 
   private[sbt] def terminal: Terminal
+  private[sbt] var _active: Boolean = true
+  private[sbt] def pause(): Unit = _active = false
+  private[sbt] def isPaused: Boolean = !_active
+  private[sbt] def resume(): Unit = _active = true
 }
 
 // case class Exec(commandLine: String, source: Option[CommandSource])
diff --git a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Previous.scala b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Previous.scala
index 22dbba3b9..b0c41dca5 100644
--- a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Previous.scala
+++ b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Previous.scala
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ package sbt
 import sbt.Def.{ Initialize, ScopedKey }
 import sbt.Previous._
 import sbt.Scope.Global
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.util._
 import sbt.std.TaskExtra._
 import sbt.util.StampedFormat
diff --git a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Reference.scala b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Reference.scala
index 4b9d2608a..a9426a7b5 100644
--- a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Reference.scala
+++ b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Reference.scala
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@ import java.net.URI
 import sbt.internal.util.AttributeKey
 import sbt.io.IO
 import sbt.librarymanagement.Configuration
-import sbt.SlashSyntax.{ RichConfiguration, RichScope }
-import scala.annotation.nowarn
+import sbt.SlashSyntax.RichConfiguration
 
 // in all of these, the URI must be resolved and normalized before it is definitive
 
@@ -26,20 +25,17 @@ sealed trait Reference:
   private[sbt] def asScope: Scope =
     Scope(asScopeAxis, This, This, This)
 
-  @nowarn
-  def /(c: ConfigKey): RichConfiguration = RichConfiguration(asScope in c)
+  def /(c: ConfigKey): RichConfiguration = RichConfiguration(asScope.rescope(c))
 
-  @nowarn
-  def /(c: Configuration): RichConfiguration = RichConfiguration(asScope in c)
+  def /(c: Configuration): RichConfiguration = RichConfiguration(asScope.rescope(c))
 
   // This is for handling `Zero / Zero / name`.
   def /(configAxis: ScopeAxis[ConfigKey]): RichConfiguration =
     new RichConfiguration(asScope.copy(config = configAxis))
 
-  final def /[K](key: Scoped.ScopingSetting[K]): K = key.in(asScope)
+  final def /[K](key: Scoped.ScopingSetting[K]): K = key.rescope(asScope)
 
-  @nowarn
-  final def /(key: AttributeKey[_]): RichScope = new RichScope(asScope in key)
+  final def /(key: AttributeKey[_]): Scope = asScope.rescope(key)
 end Reference
 
 /** A fully resolved, unique identifier for a project or build. */
diff --git a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Scope.scala b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Scope.scala
index 6016983bc..0f29f16f5 100644
--- a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Scope.scala
+++ b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Scope.scala
@@ -20,39 +20,18 @@ final case class Scope(
     config: ScopeAxis[ConfigKey],
     task: ScopeAxis[AttributeKey[_]],
     extra: ScopeAxis[AttributeMap]
-) {
-  @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  def in(project: Reference, config: ConfigKey): Scope =
-    copy(project = Select(project), config = Select(config))
+):
+  def rescope(project: Reference): Scope = copy(project = Select(project))
+  def rescope(config: ConfigKey): Scope = copy(config = Select(config))
+  def rescope(task: AttributeKey[?]): Scope = copy(task = Select(task))
 
-  @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  def in(config: ConfigKey, task: AttributeKey[_]): Scope =
-    copy(config = Select(config), task = Select(task))
-
-  @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  def in(project: Reference, task: AttributeKey[_]): Scope =
-    copy(project = Select(project), task = Select(task))
-
-  @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  def in(project: Reference, config: ConfigKey, task: AttributeKey[_]): Scope =
-    copy(project = Select(project), config = Select(config), task = Select(task))
-
-  @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  def in(project: Reference): Scope = copy(project = Select(project))
-
-  @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  def in(config: ConfigKey): Scope = copy(config = Select(config))
-
-  @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  def in(task: AttributeKey[_]): Scope = copy(task = Select(task))
-
-  override def toString: String = this match {
+  override def toString: String = this match
     case Scope(Zero, Zero, Zero, Zero) => "Global"
     case Scope(_, _, _, This)          => s"$project / $config / $task"
     case _                             => s"Scope($project, $config, $task, $extra)"
-  }
-}
-object Scope {
+end Scope
+
+object Scope:
   val ThisScope: Scope = Scope(This, This, This, This)
   val Global: Scope = Scope(Zero, Zero, Zero, Zero)
   val GlobalScope: Scope = Global
@@ -457,4 +436,4 @@ object Scope {
         t <- withZeroAxis(scope.task)
         e <- withZeroAxis(scope.extra)
       } yield Scope(Zero, c, t, e)
-}
+end Scope
diff --git a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/SlashSyntax.scala b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/SlashSyntax.scala
index 5a534ccb7..4991ce1a9 100644
--- a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/SlashSyntax.scala
+++ b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/SlashSyntax.scala
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ package sbt
 
 import sbt.librarymanagement.Configuration
 import sbt.internal.util.AttributeKey
-import scala.annotation.nowarn
 
 /**
  * SlashSyntax implements the slash syntax to scope keys for build.sbt DSL.
@@ -29,59 +28,60 @@ import scala.annotation.nowarn
  *  Zero / Zero / name := "foo"
  *  }}}
  */
-trait SlashSyntax {
-  import SlashSyntax._
+trait SlashSyntax:
+  import SlashSyntax.*
 
-  implicit def sbtSlashSyntaxRichReferenceAxis(a: ScopeAxis[Reference]): RichReference =
-    new RichReference(Scope(a, This, This, This))
+  given Conversion[ScopeAxis[Reference], RichReference] =
+    (a: ScopeAxis[Reference]) => RichReference(Scope(a, This, This, This))
 
-  // implicit def sbtSlashSyntaxRichReference(r: Reference): RichReference = Select(r)
-
-  // Implement in Reference directly
-  // given sbtSlashSyntaxRichReference: Conversion[Reference, RichReference] =
-  //   (r: Reference) => Select(r)
-
-  given sbtSlashSyntaxRichProject[A](using Conversion[A, Reference]): Conversion[A, RichReference] =
+  given [A](using Conversion[A, Reference]): Conversion[A, RichReference] =
     (a: A) => Select(a: Reference)
 
-  implicit def sbtSlashSyntaxRichConfigKey(c: ConfigKey): RichConfiguration =
-    new RichConfiguration(Scope(This, Select(c), This, This))
+  given Conversion[Reference, RichReference] =
+    (r: Reference) => Select(r)
 
-  implicit def sbtSlashSyntaxRichConfiguration(c: Configuration): RichConfiguration = (c: ConfigKey)
+  given Conversion[ConfigKey, RichConfiguration] =
+    (c: ConfigKey) => RichConfiguration(Scope(This, Select(c), This, This))
 
-  implicit def sbtSlashSyntaxRichScope(s: Scope): RichScope = new RichScope(s)
+  given Conversion[Configuration, RichConfiguration] =
+    (c: Configuration) => (c: ConfigKey)
 
   /**
    * This handles task scoping an existing scoped key (such as `Compile / test`)
    * into a task scoping in `(Compile / test) / name`.
    */
-  implicit def sbtSlashSyntaxRichScopeFromScoped(t: Scoped): RichScope =
-    new RichScope(t.scope.copy(task = Select(t.key)))
+  given Conversion[Scoped, Scope] =
+    (t: Scoped) => t.scope.copy(task = Select(t.key))
 
-  implicit def sbtSlashSyntaxRichScopeFromAttributeKey(a: AttributeKey[_]): RichScope =
-    Scope(This, This, Select(a), This)
+  given Conversion[Scoped, RichScope] =
+    (t: Scoped) => RichScope(t: Scope)
 
-}
+  given [A1]: Conversion[AttributeKey[A1], Scope] =
+    (a: AttributeKey[A1]) => Scope(This, This, Select(a), This)
 
-object SlashSyntax {
+  given [A1]: Conversion[AttributeKey[A1], RichScope] =
+    (a: AttributeKey[A1]) => RichScope(a: Scope)
+
+  given Conversion[Scope, RichScope] =
+    (scope: Scope) => RichScope(scope)
+end SlashSyntax
+
+object SlashSyntax:
 
   sealed trait HasSlashKey {
     protected def scope: Scope
-    final def /[K](key: Scoped.ScopingSetting[K]): K = key.in(scope)
+    def /[K](key: Scoped.ScopingSetting[K]): K = key.rescope(scope)
   }
 
   sealed trait HasSlashKeyOrAttrKey extends HasSlashKey {
-    @nowarn
-    final def /(key: AttributeKey[_]): RichScope = new RichScope(scope in key)
+    def /(key: AttributeKey[_]): Scope = scope.rescope(key)
   }
 
   /** RichReference wraps a reference to provide the `/` operator for scoping. */
   final class RichReference(protected val scope: Scope) extends HasSlashKeyOrAttrKey {
-    @nowarn
-    def /(c: ConfigKey): RichConfiguration = new RichConfiguration(scope in c)
+    def /(c: ConfigKey): RichConfiguration = new RichConfiguration(scope.rescope(c))
 
-    @nowarn
-    def /(c: Configuration): RichConfiguration = new RichConfiguration(scope in c)
+    def /(c: Configuration): RichConfiguration = new RichConfiguration(scope.rescope(c))
 
     // This is for handling `Zero / Zero / name`.
     def /(configAxis: ScopeAxis[ConfigKey]): RichConfiguration =
@@ -91,13 +91,15 @@ object SlashSyntax {
   /** RichConfiguration wraps a configuration to provide the `/` operator for scoping. */
   final class RichConfiguration(protected val scope: Scope) extends HasSlashKeyOrAttrKey {
     // This is for handling `Zero / Zero / Zero / name`.
-    def /(taskAxis: ScopeAxis[AttributeKey[_]]): RichScope =
-      new RichScope(scope.copy(task = taskAxis))
+    def /(taskAxis: ScopeAxis[AttributeKey[_]]): Scope =
+      scope.copy(task = taskAxis)
   }
 
-  /** RichScope wraps a general scope to provide the `/` operator for scoping. */
+  /**
+   * RichScope wraps a general scope to provide the `/` operator for scoping.
+   */
   final class RichScope(protected val scope: Scope) extends HasSlashKeyOrAttrKey
 
-}
+end SlashSyntax
 
 private[sbt] object SlashSyntax0 extends SlashSyntax
diff --git a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Structure.scala b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Structure.scala
index bce97a035..ff361d604 100644
--- a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Structure.scala
+++ b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/Structure.scala
@@ -72,10 +72,12 @@ sealed abstract class SettingKey[A1]
 
   final def scopedKey: ScopedKey[A1] = ScopedKey(scope, key)
 
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  final def in(scope: Scope): SettingKey[A1] =
+  private[sbt] final inline def rescope(scope: Scope): SettingKey[A1] =
     Scoped.scopedSetting(Scope.replaceThis(this.scope)(scope), this.key)
 
+  final def /[A1](subkey: Scoped.ScopingSetting[A1]): A1 =
+    subkey.rescope(scope.copy(task = Select(key)))
+
   /** Internal function for the setting macro. */
   inline def settingMacro[A](inline a: A): Initialize[A] =
     ${ std.SettingMacro.settingMacroImpl[A]('a) }
@@ -151,10 +153,12 @@ sealed abstract class TaskKey[A1]
 
   def scopedKey: ScopedKey[Task[A1]] = ScopedKey(scope, key)
 
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  def in(scope: Scope): TaskKey[A1] =
+  private[sbt] final inline def rescope(scope: Scope): TaskKey[A1] =
     Scoped.scopedTask(Scope.replaceThis(this.scope)(scope), this.key)
 
+  final def /[A1](subkey: Scoped.ScopingSetting[A1]): A1 =
+    subkey.rescope(scope.copy(task = Select(key)))
+
   inline def +=[A2](inline v: A2)(using Append.Value[A1, A2]): Setting[Task[A1]] =
     append1[A2](taskMacro(v))
 
@@ -232,10 +236,12 @@ sealed trait InputKey[A1]
 
   def scopedKey: ScopedKey[InputTask[A1]] = ScopedKey(scope, key)
 
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  def in(scope: Scope): InputKey[A1] =
+  private[sbt] final inline def rescope(scope: Scope): InputKey[A1] =
     Scoped.scopedInput(Scope.replaceThis(this.scope)(scope), this.key)
 
+  final def /[A1](subkey: Scoped.ScopingSetting[A1]): A1 =
+    subkey.rescope(scope.copy(task = Select(key)))
+
   private inline def inputTaskMacro[A2](inline a: A2): Def.Initialize[InputTask[A2]] =
     ${ std.InputTaskMacro.inputTaskMacroImpl('a) }
 
@@ -261,52 +267,11 @@ object Scoped:
     ScopedKey(s.scope, s.key)
 
   /**
-   * Mixin trait for adding convenience vocabulary associated with specifying the [[Scope]] of a setting.
-   * Allows specification of the Scope or part of the [[Scope]] of a setting being referenced.
-   * @example
-   *  {{{
-   *  name in Global := "hello Global scope"
-   *
-   *  name in (Compile, packageBin) := "hello Compile scope packageBin"
-   *
-   *  name in Compile := "hello Compile scope"
-   *
-   *  name.in(Compile).:=("hello ugly syntax")
-   *  }}}
+   * A trait that provides rescope method.
    */
   sealed trait ScopingSetting[ResultType]:
-    private[sbt] def in(s: Scope): ResultType
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  // def in(s: Scope): ResultType
-
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  // def in(p: Reference): ResultType = in(Select(p), This, This)
-
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  // def in(t: Scoped): ResultType = in(This, This, Select(t.key))
-
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  // def in(c: ConfigKey): ResultType = in(This, Select(c), This)
-
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  // def in(c: ConfigKey, t: Scoped): ResultType = in(This, Select(c), Select(t.key))
-
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  // def in(p: Reference, c: ConfigKey): ResultType = in(Select(p), Select(c), This)
-
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  // def in(p: Reference, t: Scoped): ResultType = in(Select(p), This, Select(t.key))
-
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  // def in(p: Reference, c: ConfigKey, t: Scoped): ResultType =
-  //   in(Select(p), Select(c), Select(t.key))
-
-  // @deprecated(Scope.inIsDeprecated, "1.5.0")
-  // def in(
-  //     p: ScopeAxis[Reference],
-  //     c: ScopeAxis[ConfigKey],
-  //     t: ScopeAxis[AttributeKey[_]]
-  // ): ResultType = in(Scope(p, c, t, This))
+    // formerly known as "in"
+    private[sbt] def rescope(s: Scope): ResultType
   end ScopingSetting
 
   def scopedSetting[T](s: Scope, k: AttributeKey[T]): SettingKey[T] =
@@ -382,8 +347,6 @@ object Scoped:
       protected def onTask[A2](f: Task[A1] => Task[A2]): Initialize[Task[A2]] =
         init.apply(f)
 
-      def dependsOn(tasks: Initialize[? <: Task[?]]*): Initialize[Task[A1]] =
-        init.zipWith(tasks.asInstanceOf[Seq[Initialize[Task[?]]]].join)(_.dependsOn(_*))
       def flatMapTaskValue[T](f: A1 => Task[T]): Initialize[Task[T]] =
         onTask(_.result flatMap (f compose successM))
       def map[A2](f: A1 => A2): Initialize[Task[A2]] =
@@ -398,6 +361,8 @@ object Scoped:
       def tagw(tags: (Tag, Int)*): Initialize[Task[A1]] = onTask(_.tagw(tags: _*))
 
       // Task-specific extensions
+      def dependsOn(tasks: Initialize[? <: Task[?]]*): Initialize[Task[A1]] =
+        init.zipWith(tasks.asInstanceOf[Seq[Initialize[Task[?]]]].join)(_.dependsOn(_*))
       def dependsOnTask[A2](task1: Initialize[Task[A2]]): Initialize[Task[A1]] =
         dependsOnSeq(Seq[AnyInitTask](task1.asInstanceOf[AnyInitTask]))
       def dependsOnSeq(tasks: Seq[AnyInitTask]): Initialize[Task[A1]] =
@@ -443,6 +408,11 @@ object Scoped:
       def tagw(tags: (Tag, Int)*): Initialize[InputTask[A1]] = onTask(_.tagw(tags: _*))
 
       // InputTask specific extensions
+      @targetName("dependsOnInitializeInputTask")
+      def dependsOn(tasks: Initialize[? <: Task[?]]*): Initialize[InputTask[A1]] =
+        init.zipWith(tasks.asInstanceOf[Seq[Initialize[Task[?]]]].join)((thisTask, deps) =>
+          thisTask.mapTask(_.dependsOn(deps*))
+        )
       @targetName("dependsOnTaskInitializeInputTask")
       def dependsOnTask[B1](task1: Initialize[Task[B1]]): Initialize[InputTask[A1]] =
         dependsOnSeq(Seq[AnyInitTask](task1.asInstanceOf[AnyInitTask]))
diff --git a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/std/KeyMacro.scala b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/std/KeyMacro.scala
index b59a4c534..653388433 100644
--- a/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/std/KeyMacro.scala
+++ b/main-settings/src/main/scala/sbt/std/KeyMacro.scala
@@ -62,7 +62,11 @@ private[sbt] object KeyMacro:
     if term.isValDef then Expr(term.name)
     else errorAndAbort(errorMsg)
 
-  def enclosingTerm(using qctx: Quotes) =
+  private[sbt] def callerThis(using Quotes): Expr[Any] =
+    import quotes.reflect.*
+    This(enclosingClass).asExpr
+
+  private def enclosingTerm(using qctx: Quotes) =
     import qctx.reflect._
     def enclosingTerm0(sym: Symbol): Symbol =
       sym match
@@ -70,4 +74,11 @@ private[sbt] object KeyMacro:
         case sym if !sym.isTerm              => enclosingTerm0(sym.owner)
         case _                               => sym
     enclosingTerm0(Symbol.spliceOwner)
+
+  private def enclosingClass(using Quotes) =
+    import quotes.reflect.*
+    def rec(sym: Symbol): Symbol =
+      if sym.isClassDef then sym
+      else rec(sym.owner)
+    rec(Symbol.spliceOwner)
 end KeyMacro
diff --git a/main-settings/src/test/scala/sbt/AppendSpec.scala b/main-settings/src/test/scala/sbt/AppendSpec.scala
index ab4d660d6..3bfe1aa9b 100644
--- a/main-settings/src/test/scala/sbt/AppendSpec.scala
+++ b/main-settings/src/test/scala/sbt/AppendSpec.scala
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ object AppendSpec {
   val onLoad = SettingKey[State => State]("onLoad")
 
   import Scope.Global
-  import SlashSyntax0._
+  import SlashSyntax0.given
 
   def doSideEffect(): Unit = ()
 
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/BackgroundJobService.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/BackgroundJobService.scala
index a9189d334..e268b96ce 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/BackgroundJobService.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/BackgroundJobService.scala
@@ -86,6 +86,8 @@ abstract class BackgroundJobService extends Closeable {
       hashContents: Boolean,
       converter: FileConverter,
   ): Classpath = copyClasspath(products, full, workingDirectory, converter)
+
+  private[sbt] def pauseChannelDuringJob(state: State, handle: JobHandle): Unit
 }
 
 object BackgroundJobService {
@@ -108,3 +110,10 @@ abstract class JobHandle {
   def humanReadableName: String
   def spawningTask: ScopedKey[_]
 }
+
+/**
+ * This datatype is used signal the task engine or the commands
+ * that the background job is emulated to be a foreground job on
+ * the originating channel.
+ */
+case class EmulateForeground(handle: JobHandle)
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Cross.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Cross.scala
index 63e6ef590..d3daa2b6b 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Cross.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Cross.scala
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import java.io.File
 import sbt.Def.{ ScopedKey, Setting }
 import sbt.Keys._
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.extract
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.Act
 import sbt.internal.CommandStrings._
 import sbt.internal.inc.ScalaInstance
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Defaults.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Defaults.scala
index 27b6da56b..5564409b7 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Defaults.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Defaults.scala
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ import scala.util.control.NonFatal
 import scala.xml.NodeSeq
 
 // incremental compiler
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.inc.{
   Analysis,
   AnalyzingCompiler,
@@ -1051,6 +1051,12 @@ object Defaults extends BuildCommon {
       },
       runMain := foregroundRunMainTask.evaluated,
       run := foregroundRunTask.evaluated,
+      runBlock := {
+        val r = run.evaluated
+        val service = bgJobService.value
+        service.waitForTry(r.handle).get
+        r
+      },
       fgRun := runTask(fullClasspath, (run / mainClass), (run / runner)).evaluated,
       fgRunMain := runMainTask(fullClasspath, (run / runner)).evaluated,
       copyResources := copyResourcesTask.value,
@@ -1508,7 +1514,7 @@ object Defaults extends BuildCommon {
 
   @nowarn
   def inputTests(key: InputKey[_]): Initialize[InputTask[Unit]] =
-    inputTests0.mapReferenced(Def.mapScope(_ in key.key))
+    inputTests0.mapReferenced(Def.mapScope((s) => s.rescope(key.key)))
 
   private[this] lazy val inputTests0: Initialize[InputTask[Unit]] = {
     val parser = loadForParser(definedTestNames)((s, i) => testOnlyParser(s, i getOrElse Nil))
@@ -2143,21 +2149,18 @@ object Defaults extends BuildCommon {
       }
     }
 
-  // runMain calls bgRunMain in the background and waits for the result.
-  def foregroundRunMainTask: Initialize[InputTask[Unit]] =
-    Def.inputTask[Unit] {
+  // `runMain` calls bgRunMain in the background and pauses the current channel
+  def foregroundRunMainTask: Initialize[InputTask[EmulateForeground]] =
+    Def.inputTask {
       val handle = bgRunMain.evaluated
-      val service = bgJobService.value
-      service.waitForTry(handle).get
-      ()
+      EmulateForeground(handle)
     }
 
-  // run calls bgRun in the background and waits for the result.
-  def foregroundRunTask: Initialize[InputTask[Unit]] =
+  // `run` task calls bgRun in the background and pauses the current channel
+  def foregroundRunTask: Initialize[InputTask[EmulateForeground]] =
     Def.inputTask {
       val handle = bgRun.evaluated
-      val service = bgJobService.value
-      service.waitForTry(handle).get
+      EmulateForeground(handle)
     }
 
   def runMainTask(
@@ -5006,7 +5009,7 @@ trait BuildExtra extends BuildCommon with DefExtra {
         .flatMapTask { result =>
           initScoped(
             scoped.scopedKey,
-            ClassLoaders.runner mapReferenced Project.mapScope(s => s.in(config)),
+            ClassLoaders.runner mapReferenced Project.mapScope(_.rescope(config)),
           ).zipWith(Def.task {
             ((config / fullClasspath).value, streams.value, fileConverter.value, result)
           }) { (rTask, t) =>
@@ -5022,7 +5025,6 @@ trait BuildExtra extends BuildCommon with DefExtra {
 
   // public API
   /** Returns a vector of settings that create custom run task. */
-  @nowarn
   def fullRunTask(
       scoped: TaskKey[Unit],
       config: Configuration,
@@ -5032,7 +5034,7 @@ trait BuildExtra extends BuildCommon with DefExtra {
     Vector(
       scoped := initScoped(
         scoped.scopedKey,
-        ClassLoaders.runner mapReferenced Project.mapScope(s => s.in(config)),
+        ClassLoaders.runner mapReferenced Project.mapScope(_.rescope(config)),
       ).zipWith(Def.task { ((config / fullClasspath).value, streams.value, fileConverter.value) }) {
         case (rTask, t) =>
           (t, rTask).mapN { case ((cp, s, converter), r) =>
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/EvaluateTask.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/EvaluateTask.scala
index 3eb37c2b7..fed53f3e6 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/EvaluateTask.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/EvaluateTask.scala
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import sbt.Keys.{ TaskProgress => _, name => _, _ }
 import sbt.BuildExtra.*
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.*
 import sbt.Scope.Global
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.Aggregation.KeyValue
 import sbt.internal.TaskName._
 import sbt.internal._
@@ -512,6 +512,16 @@ object EvaluateTask {
       case Some(t: Task[?]) => transformNode(t).isEmpty
       case _                => true
     }
+    def suspendChannel[A1](
+        state: State,
+        result: Result[A1]
+    ): Unit =
+      (state.getSetting(Global / Keys.bgJobService), result) match
+        case (Some(service), Result.Value(List(KeyValue(_, EmulateForeground(handle))))) =>
+          state.remainingCommands match
+            case Nil => service.waitForTry(handle).get
+            case _   => service.pauseChannelDuringJob(state, handle)
+        case _ => ()
     def run() = {
       val x = new Execute(
         Execute.config(config.checkCycles, overwriteNode),
@@ -529,6 +539,7 @@ object EvaluateTask {
         } finally shutdown()
       val replaced = transformInc(result)
       logIncResult(replaced, state, streams)
+      suspendChannel(newState, replaced)
       (newState, replaced)
     }
     object runningEngine extends RunningTaskEngine {
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Extracted.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Extracted.scala
index 8a8512f73..798b106dd 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Extracted.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Extracted.scala
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import sbt.util.Show
 import std.Transform.DummyTaskMap
 import sbt.EvaluateTask.extractedTaskConfig
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.setProject
-import scala.annotation.nowarn
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 
 final case class Extracted(
     structure: BuildStructure,
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ final case class Extracted(
   def getOpt[T](key: TaskKey[T]): Option[Task[T]] =
     structure.data.get(inCurrent(key.scope), key.key)
 
-  @nowarn
   private[this] def inCurrent(scope: Scope): Scope =
-    if (scope.project == This) scope in currentRef else scope
+    if scope.project == This then scope.rescope(currentRef)
+    else scope
 
   /**
    * Runs the task specified by `key` and returns the transformed State and the resulting value of the task.
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ final case class Extracted(
     )
 
   private[this] def resolve[K <: Scoped.ScopingSetting[K] with Scoped](key: K): K =
-    key in Scope.resolveScope(GlobalScope, currentRef.build, rootProject)(key.scope)
+    Scope.resolveScope(GlobalScope, currentRef.build, rootProject)(key.scope) / key
 
   private def getOrError[T](scope: Scope, key: AttributeKey[_], value: Option[T])(implicit
       display: Show[ScopedKey[_]]
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Keys.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Keys.scala
index 610faebb1..9ac7b24aa 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Keys.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/Keys.scala
@@ -318,8 +318,9 @@ object Keys {
   // Run Keys
   val selectMainClass = taskKey[Option[String]]("Selects the main class to run.").withRank(BMinusTask)
   val mainClass = taskKey[Option[String]]("Defines the main class for packaging or running.").withRank(BPlusTask)
-  val run = inputKey[Unit]("Runs a main class, passing along arguments provided on the command line.").withRank(APlusTask)
-  val runMain = inputKey[Unit]("Runs the main class selected by the first argument, passing the remaining arguments to the main method.").withRank(ATask)
+  val run = inputKey[EmulateForeground]("Runs a main class, passing along arguments provided on the command line.").withRank(APlusTask)
+  val runBlock = inputKey[EmulateForeground]("Runs a main class, and blocks until it's done.").withRank(DTask)
+  val runMain = inputKey[EmulateForeground]("Runs the main class selected by the first argument, passing the remaining arguments to the main method.").withRank(ATask)
   val discoveredMainClasses = taskKey[Seq[String]]("Auto-detects main classes.").withRank(BMinusTask)
   val runner = taskKey[ScalaRun]("Implementation used to run a main class.").withRank(DTask)
   val trapExit = settingKey[Boolean]("If true, enables exit trapping and thread management for 'run'-like tasks. This was removed in sbt 1.6.0 due to JDK 17 deprecating Security Manager.").withRank(CSetting)
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/PluginCross.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/PluginCross.scala
index cf23826c9..7532eaffd 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/PluginCross.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/PluginCross.scala
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import DefaultParsers._
 import sbt.Keys._
 import Scope.GlobalScope
 import Def.ScopedKey
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.Load
 import sbt.internal.CommandStrings._
 import Cross.{ spacedFirst, requireSession }
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ProjectExtra.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ProjectExtra.scala
index 9669ea6e7..296eb5dc9 100755
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ProjectExtra.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ProjectExtra.scala
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ import Keys.{
 }
 import Project.LoadAction
 import Scope.{ Global, ThisScope }
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import Def.{ Flattened, Initialize, ScopedKey, Setting }
 import sbt.internal.{
   Load,
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ProjectMatrix.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ProjectMatrix.scala
index 1b834ded7..dd7bb7d12 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ProjectMatrix.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ProjectMatrix.scala
@@ -253,6 +253,7 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
       val plugins: Plugins,
       val transforms: Seq[Project => Project],
       val defAxes: Seq[VirtualAxis],
+      val pluginClassLoader: ClassLoader
   ) extends ProjectMatrix { self =>
     lazy val resolvedMappings: ListMap[ProjectRow, Project] = resolveMappings
     private def resolveProjectIds: Map[ProjectRow, String] = {
@@ -470,7 +471,7 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
 
     private def enableScalaJSPlugin(project: Project): Project =
       project.enablePlugins(
-        scalajsPlugin(this.getClass.getClassLoader).getOrElse(
+        scalajsPlugin.getOrElse(
           sys.error(
             """Scala.js plugin was not found. Add the sbt-scalajs plugin into project/plugins.sbt:
                     |  addSbtPlugin("org.scala-js" % "sbt-scalajs" % "x.y.z")
@@ -517,9 +518,9 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
     override def defaultAxes(axes: VirtualAxis*): ProjectMatrix =
       copy(defAxes = axes.toSeq)
 
-    def scalajsPlugin(classLoader: ClassLoader): Try[AutoPlugin] = {
+    def scalajsPlugin: Try[AutoPlugin] = {
       import ReflectionUtil.*
-      withContextClassloader(classLoader) { loader =>
+      withContextClassloader(pluginClassLoader) { loader =>
         getSingletonObject[AutoPlugin](loader, "org.scalajs.sbtplugin.ScalaJSPlugin$")
       }
     }
@@ -533,7 +534,7 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
 
     private def enableScalaNativePlugin(project: Project): Project =
       project.enablePlugins(
-        nativePlugin(this.getClass.getClassLoader).getOrElse(
+        nativePlugin.getOrElse(
           sys.error(
             """Scala Native plugin was not found. Add the sbt-scala-native plugin into project/plugins.sbt:
                     |  addSbtPlugin("org.scala-native" % "sbt-scala-native" % "x.y.z")
@@ -577,9 +578,9 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
         project => configure(enableScalaNativePlugin(project))
       )
 
-    def nativePlugin(classLoader: ClassLoader): Try[AutoPlugin] = {
+    def nativePlugin: Try[AutoPlugin] = {
       import ReflectionUtil.*
-      withContextClassloader(classLoader) { loader =>
+      withContextClassloader(pluginClassLoader) { loader =>
         getSingletonObject[AutoPlugin](loader, "scala.scalanative.sbtplugin.ScalaNativePlugin$")
       }
     }
@@ -678,6 +679,7 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
         plugins: Plugins = plugins,
         transforms: Seq[Project => Project] = transforms,
         defAxes: Seq[VirtualAxis] = defAxes,
+        pluginClassLoader: ClassLoader = pluginClassLoader,
     ): ProjectMatrix = {
       val matrix = unresolved(
         id,
@@ -693,6 +695,7 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
         plugins,
         transforms,
         defAxes,
+        pluginClassLoader
       )
       allMatrices(id) = matrix
       matrix
@@ -700,7 +703,7 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
   }
 
   // called by macro
-  def apply(id: String, base: File): ProjectMatrix = {
+  def apply(id: String, base: File, pluginClassLoader: ClassLoader): ProjectMatrix = {
     val defaultDefAxes = Seq(VirtualAxis.jvm, VirtualAxis.scalaABIVersion("3.3.3"))
     val matrix = unresolved(
       id,
@@ -715,7 +718,8 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
       Nil,
       Plugins.Empty,
       Nil,
-      defaultDefAxes
+      defaultDefAxes,
+      pluginClassLoader
     )
     allMatrices(id) = matrix
     matrix
@@ -735,6 +739,7 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
       plugins: Plugins,
       transforms: Seq[Project => Project],
       defAxes: Seq[VirtualAxis],
+      pluginClassLoader: ClassLoader
   ): ProjectMatrix =
     new ProjectMatrixDef(
       id,
@@ -750,6 +755,7 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
       plugins,
       transforms,
       defAxes,
+      pluginClassLoader
     )
 
   def lookupMatrix(local: LocalProjectMatrix): ProjectMatrix = {
@@ -799,7 +805,8 @@ object ProjectMatrix {
     val name = std.KeyMacro.definingValName(
       "projectMatrix must be directly assigned to a val, such as `val x = projectMatrix`. Alternatively, you can use `sbt.ProjectMatrix.apply`"
     )
-    '{ ProjectMatrix($name, new File($name)) }
+    val callerThis = std.KeyMacro.callerThis
+    '{ ProjectMatrix($name, new File($name), $callerThis.getClass.getClassLoader) }
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/RemoteCache.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/RemoteCache.scala
index be4864eec..1c57f38c8 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/RemoteCache.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/RemoteCache.scala
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import sbt.Keys._
 import sbt.Project.{ inConfig => _, * }
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.*
 import sbt.ScopeFilter.Make._
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.coursierint.LMCoursier
 import sbt.internal.inc.{ HashUtil, JarUtils }
 import sbt.internal.librarymanagement._
@@ -206,9 +206,9 @@ object RemoteCache {
   ): Seq[Def.Setting[_]] =
     inTask(packageCache)(
       Seq(
-        packageCache.in(Defaults.TaskZero) := {
+        (Defaults.TaskZero / packageCache) := {
           val converter = fileConverter.value
-          val original = packageBin.in(Defaults.TaskZero).value
+          val original = (Defaults.TaskZero / packageBin).value
           val originalFile = converter.toPath(original)
           val artp = artifactPath.value
           val artpFile = converter.toPath(artp)
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ object RemoteCache {
           ModuleDescriptorConfiguration(remoteCacheProjectId.value, projectInfo.value)
             .withScalaModuleInfo(smi)
         },
-        pushRemoteCache.in(Defaults.TaskZero) := (Def.task {
+        (Defaults.TaskZero / pushRemoteCache) := (Def.task {
           val s = streams.value
           val config = pushRemoteCacheConfiguration.value
           val is = (pushRemoteCache / ivySbt).value
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ScriptedPlugin.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ScriptedPlugin.scala
index a98b498d6..5113798c5 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ScriptedPlugin.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/ScriptedPlugin.scala
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import sbt.Keys._
 import sbt.nio.Keys._
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.*
 import sbt.ScopeFilter.Make._
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.inc.ModuleUtilities
 import sbt.internal.inc.classpath.ClasspathUtil
 import sbt.internal.librarymanagement.cross.CrossVersionUtil
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/TemplateCommandUtil.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/TemplateCommandUtil.scala
index 7fbb69ef1..a63af42b9 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/TemplateCommandUtil.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/TemplateCommandUtil.scala
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
 import java.nio.file.Path
 import java.io.File
 
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
 import sbt.io._, syntax._
 import sbt.util._
 import sbt.internal.util.{ ConsoleAppender, Terminal => ITerminal }
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/coursierint/CoursierArtifactsTasks.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/coursierint/CoursierArtifactsTasks.scala
index 144462d0b..8eb10df9b 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/coursierint/CoursierArtifactsTasks.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/coursierint/CoursierArtifactsTasks.scala
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import lmcoursier.definitions.{
 import sbt.librarymanagement._
 import sbt.Keys._
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.extract
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
 
 object CoursierArtifactsTasks {
   def coursierPublicationsTask(
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/coursierint/CoursierRepositoriesTasks.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/coursierint/CoursierRepositoriesTasks.scala
index 2d05d53c9..3134425d1 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/coursierint/CoursierRepositoriesTasks.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/coursierint/CoursierRepositoriesTasks.scala
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import sbt.librarymanagement._
 import sbt.Keys._
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.transitiveInterDependencies
 import sbt.ScopeFilter.Make._
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
 
 object CoursierRepositoriesTasks {
   private object CResolvers {
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Aggregation.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Aggregation.scala
index 68700681e..4a2a8e727 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Aggregation.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Aggregation.scala
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import java.text.DateFormat
 import sbt.Def.ScopedKey
 import sbt.Keys.{ showSuccess, showTiming, timingFormat }
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.*
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.util.complete.Parser
 import sbt.internal.util.complete.Parser.{ failure, seq, success }
 import sbt.internal.util._
@@ -79,13 +80,25 @@ object Aggregation {
     val success = results match
       case Result.Value(_) => true
       case Result.Inc(_)   => false
+    val isPaused = currentChannel(state) match
+      case Some(channel) => channel.isPaused
+      case None          => false
     results.toEither.foreach { r =>
       if show.taskValues then printSettings(r, show.print) else ()
     }
-    if show.success && !state.get(suppressShow).getOrElse(false) then
+    if !isPaused && show.success && !state.get(suppressShow).getOrElse(false) then
       printSuccess(start, stop, extracted, success, cacheSummary, log)
     else ()
 
+  private def currentChannel(state: State): Option[CommandChannel] =
+    state.currentCommand match
+      case Some(exec) =>
+        exec.source match
+          case Some(source) =>
+            StandardMain.exchange.channels.find(_.name == source.channelName)
+          case _ => None
+      case _ => None
+
   def timedRun[A](
       s: State,
       ts: Values[Task[A]],
@@ -290,7 +303,7 @@ object Aggregation {
     }
 
   def aggregationEnabled(key: ScopedKey[_], data: Settings[Scope]): Boolean =
-    Keys.aggregate in Scope.fillTaskAxis(key.scope, key.key) get data getOrElse true
+    (Scope.fillTaskAxis(key.scope, key.key) / Keys.aggregate).get(data).getOrElse(true)
   private[sbt] val suppressShow =
     AttributeKey[Boolean]("suppress-aggregation-show", Int.MaxValue)
 }
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/BuildStructure.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/BuildStructure.scala
index 9e4610674..e9e998dd1 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/BuildStructure.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/BuildStructure.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import java.net.URI
 import Def.{ ScopeLocal, ScopedKey, Setting, displayFull }
 import BuildPaths.outputDirectory
 import Scope.GlobalScope
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import BuildStreams.Streams
 import sbt.io.syntax._
 import sbt.internal.inc.MappedFileConverter
@@ -400,5 +401,5 @@ object BuildStreams {
     refTarget(GlobalScope.copy(project = Select(ref)), fallbackBase, data)
 
   def refTarget(scope: Scope, fallbackBase: File, data: Settings[Scope]): File =
-    (Keys.target in scope get data getOrElse outputDirectory(fallbackBase)) / StreamsDirectory
+    ((scope / Keys.target).get(data) getOrElse outputDirectory(fallbackBase)) / StreamsDirectory
 }
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ClassLoaders.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ClassLoaders.scala
index 708193f43..cf47bc325 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ClassLoaders.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ClassLoaders.scala
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import java.net.URL
 import java.nio.file.Path
 import sbt.ClassLoaderLayeringStrategy._
 import sbt.Keys._
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.classpath.ClassLoaderCache
 import sbt.internal.inc.ScalaInstance
 import sbt.internal.inc.classpath.ClasspathUtil
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ClasspathImpl.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ClasspathImpl.scala
index 74b5f066d..6861873ad 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ClasspathImpl.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ClasspathImpl.scala
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ package internal
 
 import java.io.File
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
 import sbt.Keys._
 import sbt.nio.Keys._
 import sbt.nio.file.{ Glob, RecursiveGlob }
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Clean.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Clean.scala
index 34f0092e0..de8524e9c 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Clean.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Clean.scala
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import sbt.Def._
 import sbt.Keys._
 // import sbt.Project.richInitializeTask
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.*
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.io.syntax._
 import sbt.nio.Keys._
 import sbt.nio.file._
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ private[sbt] object Clean {
   ): Def.Initialize[Task[Unit]] =
     (Def
       .task {
-        taskKey.scope in taskKey.key
+        taskKey.scope / taskKey.key
       })
       .flatMapTask { case scope =>
         Def.task {
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CommandExchange.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CommandExchange.scala
index 637270ef3..8569bb474 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CommandExchange.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CommandExchange.scala
@@ -146,10 +146,11 @@ private[sbt] final class CommandExchange {
   }
 
   private def addConsoleChannel(): Unit =
-    if (!Terminal.startedByRemoteClient) {
+    if Terminal.startedByRemoteClient then ()
+    else
       val name = ConsoleChannel.defaultName
       subscribe(new ConsoleChannel(name, mkAskUser(name)))
-    }
+
   def run(s: State): State = run(s, s.get(autoStartServer).getOrElse(true))
   def run(s: State, autoStart: Boolean): State = {
     if (autoStartServerSysProp && autoStart) runServer(s)
@@ -376,13 +377,14 @@ private[sbt] final class CommandExchange {
 
   private[sbt] def setExec(exec: Option[Exec]): Unit = currentExecRef.set(exec.orNull)
 
-  def prompt(event: ConsolePromptEvent): Unit = {
+  def prompt(event: ConsolePromptEvent): Unit =
     currentExecRef.set(null)
     channels.foreach {
       case c if ContinuousCommands.isInWatch(lastState.get, c) =>
-      case c                                                   => c.prompt(event)
+      case c =>
+        if c.isPaused then ()
+        else c.prompt(event)
     }
-  }
   def unprompt(event: ConsoleUnpromptEvent): Unit = channels.foreach(_.unprompt(event))
 
   def logMessage(event: LogEvent): Unit = {
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ConsoleProject.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ConsoleProject.scala
index 6790d8c6c..7d3708c87 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ConsoleProject.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ConsoleProject.scala
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ package sbt
 package internal
 
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.extract
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
 import sbt.internal.classpath.AlternativeZincUtil
 import sbt.internal.inc.{ ScalaInstance, ZincLmUtil }
 import sbt.internal.util.Terminal
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Continuous.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Continuous.scala
index edab39f5a..ab2b47464 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Continuous.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Continuous.scala
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import sbt.BasicCommandStrings._
 import sbt.Def._
 import sbt.Keys._
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.extract
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.Continuous.{ ContinuousState, FileStampRepository }
 import sbt.internal.LabeledFunctions._
 import sbt.internal.io.WatchState
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CrossJava.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CrossJava.scala
index aca3593da..68e2fbb8e 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CrossJava.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/CrossJava.scala
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import sbt.io.syntax._
 import sbt.Cross._
 import sbt.Def.{ ScopedKey, Setting }
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.extract
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.util.complete.DefaultParsers._
 import sbt.internal.util.AttributeKey
 import sbt.internal.util.complete.{ DefaultParsers, Parser }
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/DefaultBackgroundJobService.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/DefaultBackgroundJobService.scala
index e1b6179a9..0380f86b0 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/DefaultBackgroundJobService.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/DefaultBackgroundJobService.scala
@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@ import java.util.concurrent.atomic.{ AtomicLong, AtomicReference }
 import sbt.Def.{ Classpath, ScopedKey, Setting }
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.extract
 import sbt.Scope.GlobalScope
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.inc.classpath.ClasspathFilter
 import sbt.internal.util.{ Attributed, ManagedLogger }
 import sbt.io.syntax._
 import sbt.io.{ Hash, IO }
-import sbt.util.Logger
+import sbt.util.{ Level, Logger }
 
 import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext
 import scala.concurrent.duration._
@@ -79,6 +79,9 @@ private[sbt] abstract class AbstractBackgroundJobService extends BackgroundJobSe
   private val nextId = new AtomicLong(1)
   private val pool = new BackgroundThreadPool()
   private val context = LoggerContext()
+  // EC for onStop handler below
+  given ExecutionContext =
+    ExecutionContext.fromExecutor(pool.executor)
 
   private[sbt] def serviceTempDirBase: File
   private[sbt] def useLog4J: Boolean
@@ -119,10 +122,6 @@ private[sbt] abstract class AbstractBackgroundJobService extends BackgroundJobSe
       val workingDirectory: File,
       val job: BackgroundJob
   ) extends AbstractJobHandle {
-    // EC for onStop handler below
-    implicit val executionContext: ExecutionContext =
-      ExecutionContext.fromExecutor(pool.executor)
-
     def humanReadableName: String = job.humanReadableName
 
     job.onStop { () =>
@@ -306,6 +305,28 @@ private[sbt] abstract class AbstractBackgroundJobService extends BackgroundJobSe
       converter: FileConverter,
   ): Classpath =
     copyClasspath(products, full, workingDirectory, hashFileContents = true, converter)
+
+  private[sbt] def pauseChannelDuringJob(state: State, handle: JobHandle): Unit =
+    currentChannel(state) match
+      case Some(channel) =>
+        handle match
+          case t: ThreadJobHandle =>
+            val level = channel.logLevel
+            channel.setLevel(Level.Error)
+            channel.pause()
+            t.job.onStop: () =>
+              channel.setLevel(level)
+              channel.resume()
+              channel.prompt(ConsolePromptEvent(state))
+          case _ => ()
+      case _ => ()
+
+  private[sbt] def currentChannel(state: State): Option[CommandChannel] =
+    state.currentCommand match
+      case Some(e: Exec) if e.source.isDefined =>
+        val source = e.source.get
+        StandardMain.exchange.channelForName(source.channelName)
+      case _ => None
 }
 
 private[sbt] object BackgroundThreadPool {
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/GlobalPlugin.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/GlobalPlugin.scala
index dcc9d816d..9cac57c26 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/GlobalPlugin.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/GlobalPlugin.scala
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import Def.{ ScopedKey, Setting }
 import Keys._
 import Configurations.{ Compile, Runtime }
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.{ extract, runUnloadHooks, setProject }
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import java.io.File
 import org.apache.ivy.core.module.{ descriptor, id }
 import descriptor.ModuleDescriptor, id.ModuleRevisionId
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ object GlobalPlugin {
   @nowarn
   def extract(state: State, structure: BuildStructure): (State, GlobalPluginData) = {
     import structure.{ data, root, rootProject }
-    val p: Scope = Scope.GlobalScope in ProjectRef(root, rootProject(root))
+    val p: Scope = Scope.GlobalScope.rescope(ProjectRef(root, rootProject(root)))
 
     // If we reference it directly (if it's an executionRoot) then it forces an update, which is not what we want.
     val updateReport = (Def.task { () }).flatMapTask { case _ => Def.task { update.value } }
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ object GlobalPlugin {
   }
 
   @nowarn
-  val globalPluginSettings = Project.inScope(Scope.GlobalScope in LocalRootProject)(
+  val globalPluginSettings = Project.inScope(Scope.GlobalScope.rescope(LocalRootProject))(
     Seq(
       organization := SbtArtifacts.Organization,
       onLoadMessage := Keys.baseDirectory("loading global plugins from " + _).value,
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/IvyConsole.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/IvyConsole.scala
index e2a1e0651..5ab6aed19 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/IvyConsole.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/IvyConsole.scala
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import Def.Setting
 import Keys._
 import Scope.Global
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.{ extract, setProject }
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 
 import sbt.io.IO
 
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LibraryManagement.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LibraryManagement.scala
index 21d454f56..1ceb82fa5 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LibraryManagement.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LibraryManagement.scala
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import java.io.File
 import java.util.concurrent.Callable
 
 import sbt.Def.ScopedKey
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
 import sbt.internal.librarymanagement._
 import sbt.librarymanagement._
 import sbt.librarymanagement.syntax._
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LintUnused.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LintUnused.scala
index 283e345c9..91ccd3b2a 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LintUnused.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LintUnused.scala
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import sbt.internal.util.{ FilePosition, NoPosition, SourcePosition }
 import java.io.File
 import ProjectExtra.{ extract, scopedKeyData }
 import Scope.Global
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.Def._
 
 object LintUnused {
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Load.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Load.scala
index 01b164ef9..bbe238308 100755
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Load.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Load.scala
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import sbt.Keys._
 import sbt.Project.inScope
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.{ prefixConfigs, setProject, showLoadingKey, structure }
 import sbt.Scope.GlobalScope
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.BuildStreams._
 import sbt.internal.inc.classpath.ClasspathUtil
 import sbt.internal.inc.{ MappedFileConverter, ScalaInstance, ZincLmUtil, ZincUtil }
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ import xsbti.compile.{ ClasspathOptionsUtil, Compilers }
 import java.io.File
 import java.net.URI
 import java.nio.file.{ Path, Paths }
-import scala.annotation.{ nowarn, tailrec }
+import scala.annotation.tailrec
 import scala.collection.mutable
 
 private[sbt] object Load {
@@ -1318,8 +1318,7 @@ private[sbt] object Load {
       case None     => Nil
 
   /** These are the settings defined when loading a project "meta" build. */
-  @nowarn
-  val autoPluginSettings: Seq[Setting[_]] = inScope(GlobalScope in LocalRootProject)(
+  val autoPluginSettings: Seq[Setting[_]] = inScope(GlobalScope.rescope(LocalRootProject))(
     Seq(
       sbtPlugin :== true,
       isMetaBuild :== true,
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LogManager.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LogManager.scala
index 86631b387..2768b92f2 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LogManager.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/LogManager.scala
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import sbt.Def.ScopedKey
 import sbt.Keys._
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.showContextKey
 import sbt.Scope.Global
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.util.MainAppender._
 import sbt.internal.util.{ Terminal => ITerminal, _ }
 import sbt.util.{ Level, Logger, LoggerContext }
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ object LogManager {
     (task: ScopedKey[_], to: PrintWriter) => {
       val context = state.get(Keys.loggerContext).getOrElse(LoggerContext.globalContext)
       val manager: LogManager =
-        (logManager in task.scope).get(data) getOrElse defaultManager(state.globalLogging.console)
+        (task.scope / logManager).get(data) getOrElse defaultManager(state.globalLogging.console)
       manager(data, state, task, to, context)
     }
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ object LogManager {
   ): (ScopedKey[_]) => ManagedLogger =
     (task: ScopedKey[_]) => {
       val manager: LogManager =
-        (logManager in task.scope).get(data) getOrElse defaultManager(state.globalLogging.console)
+        (task.scope / logManager).get(data) getOrElse defaultManager(state.globalLogging.console)
       manager.backgroundLog(data, state, task, context)
     }
 
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ProjectQuery.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ProjectQuery.scala
index 2d0903d4a..00cd29485 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ProjectQuery.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/ProjectQuery.scala
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ private[sbt] case class ProjectQuery(
       val scalaMatches =
         params.get(Keys.scalaBinaryVersion.key) match
           case Some(expected) =>
-            val actualSbv = structure.data.get(Scope.ThisScope.in(p), scalaBinaryVersion.key)
+            val actualSbv = structure.data.get(Scope.ThisScope.rescope(p), scalaBinaryVersion.key)
             actualSbv match
               case Some(sbv) => sbv == expected
               case None      => true
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Script.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Script.scala
index 7df34cadf..2ce83e96b 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Script.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/Script.scala
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import EvaluateConfigurations.{ evaluateConfiguration => evaluate }
 import Configurations.Compile
 import Scope.Global
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.{ extract, setProject }
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 
 import sbt.io.{ Hash, IO }
 
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/SettingCompletions.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/SettingCompletions.scala
index e7891351d..4688cf03f 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/SettingCompletions.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/SettingCompletions.scala
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import sbt.librarymanagement.Configuration
 import ProjectExtra.{ relation }
 import Def.{ ScopedKey, Setting }
 import Scope.Global
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import complete._
 import DefaultParsers._
 
@@ -59,10 +60,8 @@ private[sbt] object SettingCompletions {
       val global = ScopedKey(Global, akey)
       val globalSetting = resolve(Def.setting(global, setting.init, setting.pos))
       globalSetting ++ allDefs.flatMap { d =>
-        if (d.key == akey)
-          Seq(SettingKey(akey) in d.scope := { global.value })
-        else
-          Nil
+        if d.key == akey then Seq((d.scope / SettingKey(akey)) := global.value)
+        else Nil
       }
     }
     val redefined = settings.flatMap(x => rescope(x))
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/WatchTransitiveDependencies.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/WatchTransitiveDependencies.scala
index f991822d5..cfc0e832e 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/WatchTransitiveDependencies.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/WatchTransitiveDependencies.scala
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import sbt.Def._
 import sbt.Keys._
 // import sbt.Project.richInitializeTask
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.*
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.io.Source
 import sbt.internal.nio.Globs
 import sbt.internal.util.AttributeMap
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ private[sbt] object WatchTransitiveDependencies {
         stream.open()
         stream
       }).toTaskable,
-      (internalDependencyConfigurations in scopedKey.scope).toTaskable,
+      (scopedKey.scope / internalDependencyConfigurations).toTaskable,
       state,
     ).mapN { case (log, configs, st) =>
       new Arguments(
@@ -166,7 +167,7 @@ private[sbt] object WatchTransitiveDependencies {
       DynamicInput(glob, FileStamper.LastModified, forceTrigger = true)
     scopes.flatMap {
       case Left(scope) =>
-        extracted.runTask(Keys.watchSources in scope, state)._2.map(s => toDynamicInput(s.toGlob))
+        extracted.runTask(scope / Keys.watchSources, state)._2.map(s => toDynamicInput(s.toGlob))
       case Right(globs) => globs.map(toDynamicInput)
     }
   }
@@ -209,7 +210,9 @@ private[sbt] object WatchTransitiveDependencies {
                       val zeroedTaskScope = key.scope.copy(task = Zero)
                       val transitiveKeys = arguments.dependencyConfigurations.flatMap {
                         case (p, configs) =>
-                          configs.map(c => ScopedKey(zeroedTaskScope in (p, ConfigKey(c)), task))
+                          configs.map(c =>
+                            ScopedKey(zeroedTaskScope.rescope(p).rescope(ConfigKey(c)), task)
+                          )
                       }
 
                       (d ++ transitiveKeys.filterNot(newVisited), s)
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/server/BuildServerProtocol.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/server/BuildServerProtocol.scala
index df65d95a2..c43d6bc0b 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/server/BuildServerProtocol.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/server/BuildServerProtocol.scala
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import sbt.Project._
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.*
 import sbt.ScopeFilter.Make._
 import sbt.Scoped.richTaskSeq
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.StandardMain.exchange
 import sbt.internal.bsp._
 import sbt.internal.langserver.ErrorCodes
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ object BuildServerProtocol {
         (ref, project) <- loadedBuild.allProjectRefs
         setting <- project.settings
         if setting.key.key.label == Keys.bspTargetIdentifier.key.label
-      } yield Scope.replaceThis(Scope.Global.in(ref))(setting.key.scope)
+      } yield Scope.replaceThis(Scope.Global.rescope(ref))(setting.key.scope)
 
       import sbt.TupleSyntax.*
       t2ToApp2(
@@ -1010,7 +1010,7 @@ object BuildServerProtocol {
           .flatMap(_.split(","))
           .map(name => ConfigKey(name.trim))
           .filter { config =>
-            val scope = Scope.Global.in(project, config)
+            val scope = Scope.Global.rescope(project).rescope(config)
             allScopes.contains(scope)
           }
         (project, configs)
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/server/NetworkChannel.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/server/NetworkChannel.scala
index 0b30f1a2e..303501344 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/server/NetworkChannel.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/internal/server/NetworkChannel.scala
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.atomic.{ AtomicBoolean, AtomicReference }
 
 import sbt.BasicCommandStrings.{ Shutdown, TerminateAction }
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.extract
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.langserver.{ CancelRequestParams, ErrorCodes, LogMessageParams, MessageType }
 import sbt.internal.protocol.{
   JsonRpcNotificationMessage,
@@ -446,7 +447,11 @@ final class NetworkChannel(
                   keys.filter(k => k.key.label == "testOnly" || k.key.label == "testQuick")
                 val (testState, cachedTestNames) = testKeys.foldLeft((sstate, true)) {
                   case ((st, allCached), k) =>
-                    SessionVar.loadAndSet(sbt.Keys.definedTestNames in k.scope, st, true) match {
+                    SessionVar.loadAndSet(
+                      (k.scope / Keys.definedTestNames).scopedKey,
+                      st,
+                      true
+                    ) match {
                       case (nst, d) => (nst, allCached && d.isDefined)
                     }
                 }
@@ -454,7 +459,7 @@ final class NetworkChannel(
                 val (runState, cachedMainClassNames) = runKeys.foldLeft((testState, true)) {
                   case ((st, allCached), k) =>
                     SessionVar.loadAndSet(
-                      sbt.Keys.discoveredMainClasses in k.scope,
+                      (k.scope / Keys.discoveredMainClasses).scopedKey,
                       st,
                       true
                     ) match {
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/nio/CheckBuildSources.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/nio/CheckBuildSources.scala
index a04cd8ac1..83522f849 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/nio/CheckBuildSources.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/nio/CheckBuildSources.scala
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import sbt.BasicCommandStrings.{ RebootCommand, Shutdown, TerminateAction }
 import sbt.Keys.{ baseDirectory, pollInterval, state }
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.extract
 import sbt.Scope.Global
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.CommandStrings.LoadProject
 import sbt.internal.SysProp
 import sbt.internal.util.{ AttributeKey, Terminal }
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/nio/Settings.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/nio/Settings.scala
index 98d7b6551..b4cc96a72 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/nio/Settings.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/nio/Settings.scala
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import java.nio.file.{ Files, Path }
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
 
 import sbt.Keys._
+import sbt.SlashSyntax0.given
 import sbt.internal.Clean.ToSeqPath
 import sbt.internal.Continuous.FileStampRepository
 import sbt.internal.util.KeyTag
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
     val scope = setting.key.scope.copy(task = Select(setting.key.key))
     if (fileOutputScopes.contains(scope)) {
       val sk = setting.asInstanceOf[Def.Setting[Task[Any]]].key
-      val scopedKey = Keys.dynamicFileOutputs in (sk.scope in sk.key)
+      val scopedKey = Keys.dynamicFileOutputs.rescope(sk.scope.rescope(sk.key))
       val init: Def.Initialize[Task[Seq[Path]]] = sk(_.map(_ => Nil))
       addTaskDefinition(Def.setting[Task[Seq[Path]]](scopedKey, init, setting.pos)) ::
         allOutputPathsImpl(scope) :: outputFileStampsImpl(scope) :: cleanImpl(scope) :: Nil
@@ -109,13 +110,13 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
       setting: Def.Setting[_]
   ): List[Def.Setting[_]] = {
     val sk = setting.asInstanceOf[Def.Setting[Task[T]]].key
-    val taskKey = TaskKey(sk.key) in sk.scope
+    val taskKey = sk.scope / TaskKey(sk.key)
     // We create a previous reference so that clean automatically works without the
     // user having to explicitly call previous anywhere.
     val init = Previous.runtime(taskKey).zip(taskKey) { case (_, t) =>
       t.map(implicitly[ToSeqPath[T]].apply)
     }
-    val key = Def.ScopedKey(taskKey.scope in taskKey.key, Keys.dynamicFileOutputs.key)
+    val key = Def.ScopedKey(taskKey.scope.rescope(taskKey.key), Keys.dynamicFileOutputs.key)
     addTaskDefinition(Def.setting[Task[Seq[Path]]](key, init, setting.pos)) ::
       outputsAndStamps(taskKey)
   }
@@ -125,12 +126,12 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
       case transitiveDynamicInputs.key =>
         scopedKey.scope.task.toOption.toSeq.map { key =>
           val updatedKey = Def.ScopedKey(scopedKey.scope.copy(task = Zero), key)
-          transitiveDynamicInputs in scopedKey.scope :=
+          scopedKey.scope / transitiveDynamicInputs :=
             WatchTransitiveDependencies.task(updatedKey).value
         }
-      case dynamicDependency.key => (dynamicDependency in scopedKey.scope := { () }) :: Nil
+      case dynamicDependency.key => (scopedKey.scope / dynamicDependency := { () }) :: Nil
       case transitiveClasspathDependency.key =>
-        (transitiveClasspathDependency in scopedKey.scope := { () }) :: Nil
+        (scopedKey.scope / transitiveClasspathDependency := { () }) :: Nil
       case _ => Nil
     }
 
@@ -157,12 +158,12 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
   private[sbt] def inputPathSettings(setting: Def.Setting[_]): Seq[Def.Setting[_]] = {
     val scopedKey = setting.key
     val scope = scopedKey.scope
-    (Keys.allInputPathsAndAttributes in scope := {
-      val view = (fileTreeView in scope).value
-      val inputs = (fileInputs in scope).value
-      val stamper = (inputFileStamper in scope).value
-      val forceTrigger = (watchForceTriggerOnAnyChange in scope).value
-      val dynamicInputs = (Continuous.dynamicInputs in scope).value
+    (scope / Keys.allInputPathsAndAttributes := {
+      val view = (scope / fileTreeView).value
+      val inputs = (scope / fileInputs).value
+      val stamper = (scope / inputFileStamper).value
+      val forceTrigger = (scope / watchForceTriggerOnAnyChange).value
+      val dynamicInputs = (scope / Continuous.dynamicInputs).value
       // This makes watch work by ensuring that the input glob is registered with the
       // repository used by the watch process.
       state.value.get(globalFileTreeRepository).foreach { repo =>
@@ -186,10 +187,10 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
    * @return a task definition that retrieves all of the input paths scoped to the input key.
    */
   private[this] def allFilesImpl(scope: Scope): Def.Setting[_] = {
-    addTaskDefinition(Keys.allInputFiles in scope := {
+    addTaskDefinition(scope / Keys.allInputFiles := {
       val filter =
-        (fileInputIncludeFilter in scope).value && !(fileInputExcludeFilter in scope).value
-      (Keys.allInputPathsAndAttributes in scope).value.collect {
+        (scope / fileInputIncludeFilter).value && !(scope / fileInputExcludeFilter).value
+      (scope / Keys.allInputPathsAndAttributes).value.collect {
         case (p, a) if filter.accept(p, a) => p
       }
     })
@@ -206,8 +207,8 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
    */
   private[this] def changedInputFilesImpl(scope: Scope): List[Def.Setting[_]] =
     changedFilesImpl(scope, changedInputFiles, inputFileStamps) ::
-      (watchForceTriggerOnAnyChange in scope := {
-        (watchForceTriggerOnAnyChange in scope).?.value match {
+      (scope / watchForceTriggerOnAnyChange := {
+        (scope / watchForceTriggerOnAnyChange).?.value match {
           case Some(t) => t
           case None    => false
         }
@@ -218,8 +219,8 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
       changeKey: TaskKey[Seq[(Path, FileStamp)] => FileChanges],
       stampKey: TaskKey[Seq[(Path, FileStamp)]]
   ): Def.Setting[_] =
-    addTaskDefinition(changeKey in scope := {
-      val current = (stampKey in scope).value
+    addTaskDefinition(scope / changeKey := {
+      val current = (scope / stampKey).value
       changedFiles(_, current)
     })
   private[sbt] def changedFiles(
@@ -260,7 +261,7 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
    * @return a task specific clean implementation
    */
   private[sbt] def cleanImpl(scope: Scope): Def.Setting[_] = addTaskDefinition {
-    sbt.Keys.clean in scope := Clean.task(scope, full = false).value
+    scope / sbt.Keys.clean := Clean.task(scope, full = false).value
   }
 
   /**
@@ -271,9 +272,9 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
    */
   @nowarn
   private[sbt] def cleanImpl[T: JsonFormat: ToSeqPath](taskKey: TaskKey[T]): Def.Setting[_] = {
-    val taskScope = taskKey.scope in taskKey.key
+    val taskScope = taskKey.scope.rescope(taskKey.key)
     addTaskDefinition(
-      sbt.Keys.clean in taskScope :=
+      taskScope / sbt.Keys.clean :=
         // the clean file task needs to run first because the previous cache gets blown away
         // by the second task
         Def
@@ -298,9 +299,9 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
   private[sbt] def fileStamps(scopedKey: Def.ScopedKey[_]): Def.Setting[_] = {
     import sbt.internal.CompatParColls.Converters._
     val scope = scopedKey.scope
-    addTaskDefinition(Keys.inputFileStamps in scope := {
-      val cache = (unmanagedFileStampCache in scope).value
-      val stamper = (Keys.inputFileStamper in scope).value
+    addTaskDefinition(scope / Keys.inputFileStamps := {
+      val cache = (scope / unmanagedFileStampCache).value
+      val stamper = (scope / Keys.inputFileStamper).value
       val stampFile: Path => Option[(Path, FileStamp)] =
         state.value.get(globalFileTreeRepository) match {
           case Some(repo: FileStampRepository) =>
@@ -315,8 +316,8 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
             (path: Path) => cache.getOrElseUpdate(path, stamper).map(path -> _)
         }
       val filter =
-        (fileInputIncludeFilter in scope).value && !(fileInputExcludeFilter in scope).value
-      (Keys.allInputPathsAndAttributes in scope).value.par.flatMap {
+        (scope / fileInputIncludeFilter).value && !(scope / fileInputExcludeFilter).value
+      (scope / Keys.allInputPathsAndAttributes).value.par.flatMap {
         case (path, a) if filter.accept(path, a) => stampFile(path)
         case _                                   => None
       }.toVector
@@ -327,19 +328,19 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
   private[this] def outputsAndStamps[T: JsonFormat: ToSeqPath](
       taskKey: TaskKey[T]
   ): List[Def.Setting[_]] = {
-    val scope = taskKey.scope in taskKey.key
+    val scope = taskKey.scope.rescope(taskKey.key)
     val changes = changedFilesImpl(scope, changedOutputFiles, outputFileStamps) :: Nil
     allOutputPathsImpl(scope) :: outputFileStampsImpl(scope) :: cleanImpl(taskKey) :: changes
   }
 
   private[this] def allOutputPathsImpl(scope: Scope): Def.Setting[_] =
-    addTaskDefinition(allOutputFiles in scope := {
+    addTaskDefinition(scope / allOutputFiles := {
       val filter =
-        (fileOutputIncludeFilter in scope).value && !(fileOutputExcludeFilter in scope).value
-      val view = (fileTreeView in scope).value
-      val fileOutputGlobs = (fileOutputs in scope).value
+        (scope / fileOutputIncludeFilter).value && !(scope / fileOutputExcludeFilter).value
+      val view = (scope / fileTreeView).value
+      val fileOutputGlobs = (scope / fileOutputs).value
       val allFileOutputs = view.list(fileOutputGlobs).map(_._1)
-      val dynamicOutputs = (dynamicFileOutputs in scope).value
+      val dynamicOutputs = (scope / dynamicFileOutputs).value
       val allDynamicOutputs = dynamicOutputs.flatMap {
         case p if Files.isDirectory(p) => p +: view.list(Glob(p, RecursiveGlob)).map(_._1)
         case p                         => p :: Nil
@@ -359,15 +360,15 @@ private[sbt] object Settings {
     })
 
   private[this] def outputFileStampsImpl(scope: Scope): Def.Setting[_] =
-    addTaskDefinition(outputFileStamps in scope := {
-      val stamper: Path => Option[FileStamp] = (outputFileStamper in scope).value match {
+    addTaskDefinition(scope / outputFileStamps := {
+      val stamper: Path => Option[FileStamp] = (scope / outputFileStamper).value match {
         case LastModified => FileStamp.lastModified
         case Hash         => FileStamp.hash
       }
-      val allFiles = (allOutputFiles in scope).value
+      val allFiles = (scope / allOutputFiles).value
       // The cache invalidation is specifically so that source formatters can run before
       // the compile task and the file stamps seen by compile match the post-format stamps.
-      allFiles.foreach((unmanagedFileStampCache in scope).value.invalidate)
+      allFiles.foreach((scope / unmanagedFileStampCache).value.invalidate)
       allFiles.flatMap(p => stamper(p).map(p -> _))
     })
 
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/plugins/DependencyTreeSettings.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/plugins/DependencyTreeSettings.scala
index 65b75f59a..d367cc57c 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/plugins/DependencyTreeSettings.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/plugins/DependencyTreeSettings.scala
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import java.io.File
 
 import sbt.Def._
 import sbt.Keys._
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0._
 import sbt.Project._
 import sbt.ProjectExtra.*
 import sbt.internal.graph._
@@ -173,7 +172,7 @@ object DependencyTreeSettings {
         val str = (key / asString).value
         s.log.info(str)
       },
-      key / toFile := {
+      (key / toFile) := {
         val (targetFile, force) = targetFileAndForceParser.parsed
         writeToFile(key.key.label, (key / asString).value, targetFile, force, streams.value)
       },
diff --git a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/plugins/SbtPlugin.scala b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/plugins/SbtPlugin.scala
index a37cd8b6f..b1ebb9046 100644
--- a/main/src/main/scala/sbt/plugins/SbtPlugin.scala
+++ b/main/src/main/scala/sbt/plugins/SbtPlugin.scala
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ package plugins
 
 import sbt.Def.Setting
 import sbt.Keys.*
-import sbt.SlashSyntax0.*
 
 object SbtPlugin extends AutoPlugin:
   override def requires = ScriptedPlugin
diff --git a/project/Scripted.scala b/project/Scripted.scala
index 098807419..f0839f0d9 100644
--- a/project/Scripted.scala
+++ b/project/Scripted.scala
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
 import sbt._
 import sbt.internal.inc.ScalaInstance
 import sbt.internal.inc.classpath.{ ClasspathUtilities, FilteredLoader }
+import scala.annotation.nowarn
 
 object LocalScriptedPlugin extends AutoPlugin {
   override def requires = plugins.JvmPlugin
@@ -89,6 +90,7 @@ object Scripted {
     (token(Space) ~> (PagedIds | testIdAsGroup)).* map (_.flatten)
   }
 
+  @nowarn
   def doScripted(
       scriptedSbtInstance: ScalaInstance,
       sourcePath: File,
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/actions/add-alias/build.sbt b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/actions/add-alias/build.sbt
index 089e388c1..c8673eaea 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/actions/add-alias/build.sbt
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/actions/add-alias/build.sbt
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-addCommandAlias("demo-success", "run true")
-addCommandAlias("demo-failure", "run false")
+addCommandAlias("demo-success", "runBlock true")
+addCommandAlias("demo-failure", "runBlock false")
 addCommandAlias("z", "scalaVersion")
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/classloader-cache/jni/build.sbt b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/classloader-cache/jni/build.sbt
index e9449cc48..e92d9b23d 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/classloader-cache/jni/build.sbt
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/classloader-cache/jni/build.sbt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ val dropLibraryPath = taskKey[Unit]("Drop the last path from the java.library.pa
 val wrappedRun = taskKey[Unit]("Run with modified java.library.path")
 val wrappedTest = taskKey[Unit]("Test with modified java.library.path")
 
-def wrap(task: InputKey[Unit]): Def.Initialize[Task[Unit]] =
+def wrap[A1](task: InputKey[A1]): Def.Initialize[Task[Unit]] =
   Def.sequential(appendToLibraryPath, task.toTask(""), dropLibraryPath)
 
 // ThisBuild / turbo := true
@@ -35,6 +35,6 @@ val root = (project in file(".")).settings(
     val cp = System.getProperty("java.library.path", "").split(":").dropRight(1)
     System.setProperty("java.library.path", cp.mkString(":"))
   },
-  wrappedRun := wrap(Runtime / run).value,
+  wrappedRun := wrap(Runtime / runBlock).value,
   wrappedTest := wrap(Test / testOnly).value
 )
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/aar-packaging/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/aar-packaging/test
index 2182f57b0..5efe58689 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/aar-packaging/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/aar-packaging/test
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 $ delete output
-> run
+> runBlock
 $ exists output
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/exclude-dependencies2/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/exclude-dependencies2/test
index 2182f57b0..5efe58689 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/exclude-dependencies2/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/exclude-dependencies2/test
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 $ delete output
-> run
+> runBlock
 $ exists output
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/profiles/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/profiles/test
index 2182f57b0..5efe58689 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/profiles/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/profiles/test
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 $ delete output
-> run
+> runBlock
 $ exists output
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/stdlib-unfreeze/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/stdlib-unfreeze/test
index 7df93ab6c..8984f6503 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/stdlib-unfreeze/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/stdlib-unfreeze/test
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 > a/checkLibs
 > b/checkLibs
 
-> b/run
+> b/runBlock
 $ exists s2.13.8.txt
 $ delete s2.13.8.txt
 
 # don't crash when expanding the macro
-> b3/run
+> b3/runBlock
 $ exists s2.13.10.txt
 $ delete s2.13.10.txt
 
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/url-no-head/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/url-no-head/test
index 2182f57b0..5efe58689 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/url-no-head/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/dependency-management/url-no-head/test
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 $ delete output
-> run
+> runBlock
 $ exists output
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/package/resources/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/package/resources/test
index 27ee7a65d..83139bf77 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/package/resources/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/package/resources/test
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 # This should fail because the Main object is in package jartest and the resource is directly
 # in src/main/resources
--> run
+-> runBlock
 
 > package
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ $ copy-file src/main/resources/main_resource_test src/main/resources/jartest/mai
 $ delete src/main/resources/main_resource_test
 
 # This should succeed because sbt should put the resource on the runClasspath
-> run
+> runBlock
 
 # This is necessary because package bases whether or not to run on last modified times, which don't have
 # high enough resolution to notice the above move of main_resource_test
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/constants/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/constants/test
index ff8815d85..9d448cea2 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/constants/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/constants/test
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
 $ copy-file changes/B.scala B.scala
 
 $ copy-file changes/A1.scala A.scala
-> run 1
+> runBlock 1
 $ copy-file changes/A2.scala A.scala
-> run 2
+> runBlock 2
 
 > clean
 > ++2.13.12!
 
 $ copy-file changes/A1.scala A.scala
-> run 1
+> runBlock 1
 $ copy-file changes/A2.scala A.scala
-> run 2
+> runBlock 2
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/implicit-search/build.sbt b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/implicit-search/build.sbt
index 07fe33830..8f5047976 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/implicit-search/build.sbt
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/implicit-search/build.sbt
@@ -1,2 +1 @@
-ThisBuild / scalaVersion := "2.12.17"
-
+scalaVersion := "2.12.19"
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/implicit-search/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/implicit-search/test
index 18d69f6b8..d7d7190b5 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/implicit-search/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/implicit-search/test
@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ $ copy-file changes/A1.scala A.scala
 $ copy-file changes/B.scala B.scala
 $ copy-file changes/C.scala C.scala
 > compile
--> run
+-> runBlock
 
 $ copy-file changes/A2.scala A.scala
 $ sleep 1000
 
 > compile
-> run
+> runBlock
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/java-basic/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/java-basic/test
index 9dac40735..04a3d604d 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/java-basic/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/java-basic/test
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ $ delete src/main/java/a/A.java
 # It shouldn't run though, because it doesn't have a main method
 $ copy-file changes/B1.java src/main/java/a/b/B.java
 > compile
--> run
+-> runBlock
 
 
 # Replace B with a new B that has a main method and should therefore run
 # if the main method was properly detected
 $ copy-file changes/B3.java src/main/java/a/b/B.java
-> run
\ No newline at end of file
+> runBlock
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/linearization/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/linearization/test
index 22f17664a..f6c002d7c 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/linearization/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/linearization/test
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 > compile
 
 # the value of F.x should be 16
-> run 16
+> runBlock 16
 
 # modify D.scala so that the linearization changes
 $ copy-file changes/D.scala D.scala
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ $ sleep 1000
 
 # if F is recompiled, the value of x should be 11, otherwise it will still be 16
 # and this will fail
-> run 11
\ No newline at end of file
+> runBlock 11
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/named/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/named/test
index 28f1c58d3..626ddc2f4 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/named/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/named/test
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 > compile
 
 # result should be 1
-> run 1
+> runBlock 1
 
 # change order of arguments in A.x
 $ copy-file changes/A.scala A.scala
@@ -13,4 +13,4 @@ $ copy-file changes/A.scala A.scala
 > compile
 
 # Should still get 1 and not -1
-> run 1
+> runBlock 1
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/specialized/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/specialized/test
index b9e1ad09c..76c2120a8 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/specialized/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/source-dependencies/specialized/test
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 > compile
 
 # verify that erased A.x can be called normally and reflectively
-> run false
+> runBlock false
 
 # make A.x specialized
 $ copy-file changes/A.scala A.scala
@@ -12,4 +12,4 @@ $ copy-file changes/A.scala A.scala
 
 # verify that specialized A.x can be called normally and reflectively
 # NOTE: this test doesn't actually work correctly: have to check the output to see that B.scala was recompiled
-> run true
\ No newline at end of file
+> runBlock true
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/tests/serial/test b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/tests/serial/test
index a657fd48f..86ebb70d2 100644
--- a/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/tests/serial/test
+++ b/sbt-app/src/sbt-test/tests/serial/test
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 # if the tests are actually executed concurrently.  The default concurrent
 # restrictions limit the number of concurrent tasks to the number of processors,
 # so we set it to 2.
-> set concurrentRestrictions in Global := Seq(Tags.limitAll(2))
+> set Global / concurrentRestrictions := Seq(Tags.limitAll(2))
 -> test
 
 # this should prevent concurrent execution of tests
-> set concurrentRestrictions in Global += Tags.limit(Tags.Test, 1)
+> set Global / concurrentRestrictions += Tags.limit(Tags.Test, 1)
 > test