diff --git a/src/altera.cpp b/src/altera.cpp
index 8b5d098..87b8c53 100644
--- a/src/altera.cpp
+++ b/src/altera.cpp
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Altera::Altera(Jtag *jtag, const std::string &filename,
 {
 	/* check device family */
 	_idcode = _jtag->get_target_device_id();
-	string family = fpga_list[_idcode].family;
+	std::string family = fpga_list[_idcode].family;
 	if (family == "MAX 10") {
 		_fpga_family = MAX10_FAMILY;
 	} else {
diff --git a/src/anlogicBitParser.cpp b/src/anlogicBitParser.cpp
index 376b072..919c5b0 100644
--- a/src/anlogicBitParser.cpp
+++ b/src/anlogicBitParser.cpp
@@ -18,9 +18,8 @@
 #include "anlogicBitParser.hpp"
 #include "display.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
-AnlogicBitParser::AnlogicBitParser(const string &filename, bool reverseOrder,
+AnlogicBitParser::AnlogicBitParser(const std::string &filename, bool reverseOrder,
 	bool verbose):
 	ConfigBitstreamParser(filename, ConfigBitstreamParser::BIN_MODE, verbose),
 	_reverseOrder(reverseOrder)
@@ -37,8 +36,8 @@ int AnlogicBitParser::parseHeader()
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	string buffer;
-	istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
+	std::string buffer;
+	std::istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
 
 	while (std::getline(lineStream, buffer, '\n')) {
 		ret += buffer.size() + 1;
@@ -53,13 +52,13 @@ int AnlogicBitParser::parseHeader()
 			return -1;
 		}
 
-		string content = buffer.substr(2); // drop '# '
+		std::string content = buffer.substr(2); // drop '# '
 		size_t pos = content.find(':');
-		if (pos == string::npos) {
+		if (pos == std::string::npos) {
 			_hdr["tool"] = content;
 		} else {
-			string entry = content.substr(0, pos);
-			string val = content.substr(pos+2);
+			std::string entry = content.substr(0, pos);
+			std::string val = content.substr(pos+2);
 			_hdr[entry] = val;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/src/anlogicCable.cpp b/src/anlogicCable.cpp
index 3107dfe..61ea087 100644
--- a/src/anlogicCable.cpp
+++ b/src/anlogicCable.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 #include "anlogicCable.hpp"
 #include "display.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define ANLOGICCABLE_VIDv1 0x0547
 #define ANLOGICCABLE_VIDv2 0x336C
@@ -59,8 +58,7 @@ AnlogicCable::AnlogicCable(uint32_t clkHZ):
 	int ret;
 
 	if (libusb_init(&usb_ctx) < 0) {
-		cerr << "libusb init failed" << endl;
-		throw std::exception();
+		throw std::runtime_error("libusb init failed");
 	}
 
 	/* First: Try with original (old) VID */
@@ -72,23 +70,20 @@ AnlogicCable::AnlogicCable(uint32_t clkHZ):
 						ANLOGICCABLE_VIDv2, ANLOGICCABLE_PID);
 
 		if (!dev_handle) {
-			cerr << "fails to open device" << endl;
 			libusb_exit(usb_ctx);
-			throw std::exception();
+			throw std::runtime_error("fails to open device");
 		}
 	}
 
 	ret = libusb_claim_interface(dev_handle, 0);
 	if (ret) {
-		cerr << "libusb error while claiming DirtyJTAG interface #0" << endl;
 		libusb_close(dev_handle);
 		libusb_exit(usb_ctx);
-		throw std::exception();
+		throw std::runtime_error("libusb error while claiming AnlogicCable interface #0");
 	}
 
 	if (setClkFreq(clkHZ) < 0) {
-		cerr << "Fail to set frequency" << endl;
-		throw std::exception();
+		throw std::runtime_error("Fail to set frequency");
 	}
 }
 
@@ -140,7 +135,7 @@ int AnlogicCable::setClkFreq(uint32_t clkHZ)
 	ret = libusb_bulk_transfer(dev_handle, ANLOGICCABLE_CONF_EP,
 					buf, 2, &actual_length, 1000);
 	if (ret < 0) {
-		cerr << "setClkFreq: usb bulk write failed " << ret << endl;
+		printError("setClkFreq: usb bulk write failed " + std::to_string(ret));
 		return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 
@@ -293,14 +288,14 @@ int AnlogicCable::write(uint8_t *in_buf, uint8_t *out_buf, int len, int rd_len)
 	int ret = libusb_bulk_transfer(dev_handle, ANLOGICCABLE_WRITE_EP,
 			in_buf, len, &actual_length, 1000);
 	if (ret < 0) {
-		cerr << "write: usb bulk write failed " << ret << endl;
+		printError("write: usb bulk write failed " + std::to_string(ret));
 		return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 	/* all write must be followed by a read */
 	ret = libusb_bulk_transfer(dev_handle, ANLOGICCABLE_READ_EP,
 			in_buf, len, &actual_length, 1000);
 	if (ret < 0) {
-		cerr << "write: usb bulk read failed " << ret << endl;
+		printError("write: usb bulk read failed " + std::to_string(ret));
 		return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/bitparser.cpp b/src/bitparser.cpp
index ebfbe38..b02e9b4 100644
--- a/src/bitparser.cpp
+++ b/src/bitparser.cpp
@@ -18,12 +18,11 @@
 #include <winsock2.h>
 #endif
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define display(...) \
 	do { if (_verbose) fprintf(stdout, __VA_ARGS__);} while(0)
 
-BitParser::BitParser(const string &filename, bool reverseOrder, bool verbose):
+BitParser::BitParser(const std::string &filename, bool reverseOrder, bool verbose):
 	ConfigBitstreamParser(filename, ConfigBitstreamParser::BIN_MODE,
 	verbose), _reverseOrder(reverseOrder)
 {
@@ -38,7 +37,7 @@ int BitParser::parseHeader()
 	int pos_data = 0;
 	int ret = 1;
 	short length;
-	string tmp;
+	std::string tmp;
 	int pos, prev_pos;
 
 	/* Field 1 : misc header */
diff --git a/src/ch347jtag.cpp b/src/ch347jtag.cpp
index 45cc327..fda9daa 100644
--- a/src/ch347jtag.cpp
+++ b/src/ch347jtag.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #include "ch347jtag.hpp"
 #include "display.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define CH347JTAG_VID 0x1a86
 #define CH347T_JTAG_PID 0x55dd    //ch347T
@@ -64,12 +63,12 @@ int CH347Jtag::usb_xfer(unsigned wlen, unsigned rlen, unsigned *ract, bool defer
 	}
 
 	if (obuf - _obuf > MAX_BUFFER) {
-		throw runtime_error("buffer overflow");
+		throw std::runtime_error("buffer overflow");
 	}
 
 	wlen += obuf - _obuf;
 	if (wlen > MAX_BUFFER) {
-		throw runtime_error("buffer overflow");
+		throw std::runtime_error("buffer overflow");
 	}
 	obuf = _obuf;
 
@@ -293,8 +292,8 @@ int CH347Jtag::writeTMS(const uint8_t *tms, uint32_t len, bool flush_buffer,
 			obuf[2] = (wlen - 3) >> 8;
 			int ret = usb_xfer(wlen, 0, 0, !flush_buffer);
 			if (ret < 0) {
-				cerr << "writeTMS: usb bulk write failed: " <<
-					libusb_strerror(static_cast<libusb_error>(ret)) << endl;
+				printError(std::string("writeTMS: usb bulk write failed: ")
+					+ std::string(libusb_strerror(static_cast<libusb_error>(ret))));
 				return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 			}
 			ptr = obuf;
@@ -332,8 +331,8 @@ int CH347Jtag::toggleClk(__attribute__((unused)) uint8_t tms,
 			obuf[2] = (wlen - 3) >> 8;
 			int ret = usb_xfer(wlen, 0, 0, true);
 			if (ret < 0) {
-				cerr << "writeCLK: usb bulk write failed: " <<
-					libusb_strerror(static_cast<libusb_error>(ret)) << endl;
+				printError(std::string("writeCLK: usb bulk write failed: ")
+					+ std::string(libusb_strerror(static_cast<libusb_error>(ret))));
 				return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 			}
 			ptr = obuf;
@@ -371,15 +370,15 @@ int CH347Jtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool end)
 		unsigned actual_length = 0;
 		int ret = usb_xfer(chunk + 3, (rx) ? chunk + 3 : 0, &actual_length, rx == 0 && get_obuf_length());
 		if (ret < 0) {
-			cerr << "writeTDI: usb bulk read failed: " <<
-				libusb_strerror(static_cast<libusb_error>(ret)) << endl;
+			printError(std::string("writeTDI: usb bulk read failed: ")
+				+ std::string(libusb_strerror(static_cast<libusb_error>(ret))));
 			return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 		}
 		if (!rx)
 			continue;
 		unsigned size = ibuf[1] + ibuf[2] * 0x100;
 		if (ibuf[0] != CMD_BYTES_WR || actual_length - 3 != size) {
-			cerr << "writeTDI: invalid read data: " << ret << endl;
+			printError("writeTDI: invalid read data: " + std::to_string(ret));
 			return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 		}
 		memcpy(rptr, &ibuf[3], size);
@@ -414,8 +413,8 @@ int CH347Jtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool end)
 	int ret = usb_xfer(wlen, (rx) ? (bits + 3) : 0, &actual_length, rx == nullptr);
 
 	if (ret < 0) {
-		cerr << "writeTDI: usb bulk read failed: " <<
-			libusb_strerror(static_cast<libusb_error>(ret)) << endl;
+		printError(std::string("writeTDI: usb bulk read failed: ")
+			+ std::string(libusb_strerror(static_cast<libusb_error>(ret))));
 		return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 	if (!rx)
@@ -424,7 +423,7 @@ int CH347Jtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool end)
 	unsigned size = ibuf[1] + ibuf[2] * 0x100;
 
 	if (ibuf[0] != CMD_BITS_WR || actual_length - 3 != size) {
-		cerr << "writeTDI: invalid read data: " << endl;
+		printError("writeTDI: invalid read data: ");
 		return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 	for (unsigned i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
diff --git a/src/ch552_jtag.cpp b/src/ch552_jtag.cpp
index cdd00df..7483a7a 100644
--- a/src/ch552_jtag.cpp
+++ b/src/ch552_jtag.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 #include "ch552_jtag.hpp"
 #include "ftdipp_mpsse.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define DEBUG 0
 
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@ using namespace std;
 #endif
 
 CH552_jtag::CH552_jtag(const cable_t &cable,
-			const string &dev, const string &serial, uint32_t clkHZ,
+			const std::string &dev, const std::string &serial, uint32_t clkHZ,
 			int8_t verbose):
 			FTDIpp_MPSSE(cable, dev, serial, clkHZ, verbose), _to_read(0)
 {
diff --git a/src/cmsisDAP.cpp b/src/cmsisDAP.cpp
index 50ced2e..e627ac6 100644
--- a/src/cmsisDAP.cpp
+++ b/src/cmsisDAP.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 
 #include "cmsisDAP.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define DAP_JTAG_SEQ_TDO_CAPTURE  (1 << 7)
 #define DAP_JTAG_SEQ_TMS_SHIFT(x) ((x & 0x01) << 6)
@@ -49,7 +48,7 @@ enum cmsisdap_info_id {
 	INFO_ID_PID                = 0x02,  // Get the Product ID (string).
 	INFO_ID_SERNUM             = 0x03,  // Get the Serial Number (string).
 	INFO_ID_FWVERS             = 0x04,  // Get the CMSIS-DAP Firmware
-								 		// Version (string).
+	                                    // Version (string).
 	INFO_ID_TARGET_DEV_VENDOR  = 0x05,  // Get the Target Device Vendor (string).
 	INFO_ID_TARGET_DEV_NAME    = 0x06,  // Get the Target Device Name (string).
 	INFO_ID_HWCAP              = 0xF0,  // Get information about the
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ enum cmsisdap_info_id {
 	INFO_ID_MAX_PKT_SZ         = 0xFF   // Get the maximum Packet Size (SHORT).
 };
 
-static map<uint8_t, string> cmsisdap_info_id_str = {
+static std::map<uint8_t, std::string> cmsisdap_info_id_str = {
 	{INFO_ID_VID,                "VID"},
 	{INFO_ID_PID,                "PID"},
 	{INFO_ID_SERNUM,             "serial number"},
@@ -159,7 +158,7 @@ CmsisDAP::CmsisDAP(const cable_t &cable, int index, int8_t verbose):_verbose(ver
 	_vid = dev_found[_device_idx]->vendor_id;
 	_pid = dev_found[_device_idx]->product_id;
 	if (dev_found[_device_idx]->serial_number != NULL)
-		_serial_number = wstring(dev_found[_device_idx]->serial_number);
+		_serial_number = std::wstring(dev_found[_device_idx]->serial_number);
 	/* open the device */
 	_dev = hid_open_path(dev_found[_device_idx]->path);
 	if (!_dev) {
diff --git a/src/configBitstreamParser.cpp b/src/configBitstreamParser.cpp
index acc13a8..6f6485a 100644
--- a/src/configBitstreamParser.cpp
+++ b/src/configBitstreamParser.cpp
@@ -26,9 +26,8 @@
 
 #include "configBitstreamParser.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
-ConfigBitstreamParser::ConfigBitstreamParser(const string &filename, int mode,
+ConfigBitstreamParser::ConfigBitstreamParser(const std::string &filename, int mode,
 			bool verbose): _filename(filename), _bit_length(0),
 			_file_size(0), _verbose(verbose),
 			_bit_data(), _raw_data(), _hdr()
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ ConfigBitstreamParser::ConfigBitstreamParser(const string &filename, int mode,
 		FILE *_fd = fopen(filename.c_str(), "rb");
 		if (!_fd) {
 			/* if file not found it's maybe a gz -> try without gz */
-			if (offset != string::npos) {
+			if (offset != std::string::npos) {
 				_filename = filename.substr(0, offset);
 				_fd = fopen(_filename.c_str(), "rb");
 			}
@@ -61,10 +60,10 @@ ConfigBitstreamParser::ConfigBitstreamParser(const string &filename, int mode,
 		if (ret != _file_size)
 			throw std::runtime_error("Error: fail to read " + _filename);
 
-		if (offset != string::npos) {
-			string extension = _filename.substr(_filename.find_last_of(".") +1);
+		if (offset != std::string::npos) {
+			std::string extension = _filename.substr(_filename.find_last_of(".") +1);
 			if (extension == "gz" || extension == "gzip") {
-				string tmp;
+				std::string tmp;
 				tmp.reserve(_file_size);
 				if (!decompress_bitstream(_raw_data, &tmp))
 					throw std::runtime_error("Error: decompress failed");
@@ -77,7 +76,7 @@ ConfigBitstreamParser::ConfigBitstreamParser(const string &filename, int mode,
 
 	} else if (!isatty(fileno(stdin))) {
 		_file_size = 0;
-		string tmp;
+		std::string tmp;
 		tmp.resize(4096);
 		size_t size;
 
@@ -95,7 +94,7 @@ ConfigBitstreamParser::~ConfigBitstreamParser()
 {
 }
 
-string ConfigBitstreamParser::getHeaderVal(string key)
+std::string ConfigBitstreamParser::getHeaderVal(std::string key)
 {
 	auto val = _hdr.find(key);
 	if (val == _hdr.end())
@@ -107,7 +106,7 @@ void ConfigBitstreamParser::displayHeader()
 {
 	if (_hdr.empty())
 		return;
-	cout << "bitstream header infos" << endl;
+	printInfo("bitstream header infos");
 	for (auto it = _hdr.begin(); it != _hdr.end(); it++) {
 		printInfo((*it).first + ": ", false);
 		printSuccess((*it).second);
@@ -165,7 +164,7 @@ uint32_t ConfigBitstreamParser::reverse_32(const uint32_t src)
 		   (revertByteArr[(src >> 24) & 0xff] <<  0);
 }
 
-bool ConfigBitstreamParser::decompress_bitstream(string source, string *dest)
+bool ConfigBitstreamParser::decompress_bitstream(std::string source, std::string *dest)
 {
 #ifndef HAS_ZLIB
 	(void)source;
diff --git a/src/device.cpp b/src/device.cpp
index e29cd1d..42bca6f 100644
--- a/src/device.cpp
+++ b/src/device.cpp
@@ -8,9 +8,8 @@
 
 #include "device.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
-Device::Device(Jtag *jtag, string filename, const string &file_type,
+Device::Device(Jtag *jtag, std::string filename, const std::string &file_type,
 		bool verify, int8_t verbose):
 		_filename(filename),
 		_file_extension(filename.substr(filename.find_last_of(".") +1)),
@@ -24,13 +23,13 @@ Device::Device(Jtag *jtag, string filename, const string &file_type,
 	} else if (!filename.empty()) {
 		size_t offset = filename.find_last_of(".");
 		/* no extension => consider raw */
-		if (offset == string::npos) {
+		if (offset == std::string::npos) {
 			_file_extension = "raw";
 		/* compressed file ? */
 		} else if  (_file_extension.substr(0, 2) == "gz") {
 			size_t offset2 = filename.find_last_of(".", offset - 1);
 			/* no more extension -> error */
-			if (offset2 == string::npos) {
+			if (offset2 == std::string::npos) {
 				char mess[256];
 				snprintf(mess, sizeof(mess), "\nfile %s is compressed\n"
 						"but can't determine real type\n"
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ Device::Device(Jtag *jtag, string filename, const string &file_type,
 
 	_jtag = jtag;
 	if (verbose > 0)
-		cout << "File type : " << _file_extension << endl;
+		std::cout << "File type : " << _file_extension << std::endl;
 }
 
 Device::~Device() {}
diff --git a/src/dfu.cpp b/src/dfu.cpp
index 76b682d..adb96b6 100644
--- a/src/dfu.cpp
+++ b/src/dfu.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 
 #include "dfu.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 /* USB request write */
 static const uint8_t DFU_REQUEST_OUT = LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_OUT |
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ enum dfu_cmd {
  * - index as jtag chain (fix issue when more than one device connected)
  */
 
-DFU::DFU(const string &filename, bool bypass_bitstream,
+DFU::DFU(const std::string &filename, bool bypass_bitstream,
 		uint16_t vid, uint16_t pid, int16_t altsetting,
 		int verbose_lvl):_verbose(verbose_lvl > 0), _debug(verbose_lvl > 1),
 		_quiet(verbose_lvl < 0), dev_idx(0), _vid(0), _pid(0),
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ DFU::DFU(const string &filename, bool bypass_bitstream,
 			printSuccess("DONE");
 		} catch (std::exception &e) {
 			printError("FAIL");
-			throw runtime_error("Error: Fail to open file");
+			throw std::runtime_error("Error: Fail to open file");
 		}
 
 		printInfo("Parse file ", false);
@@ -78,7 +77,7 @@ DFU::DFU(const string &filename, bool bypass_bitstream,
 		} catch (std::exception &e) {
 			printError("FAIL");
 			delete _bit;
-			throw runtime_error("Error: Fail to parse file");
+			throw std::runtime_error("Error: Fail to parse file");
 		}
 
 		if (_verbose > 0)
@@ -301,7 +300,7 @@ int DFU::searchDFUDevices()
 	/* iteration */
 	ssize_t list_size = libusb_get_device_list(usb_ctx, &dev_list);
 	if (_verbose)
-		printInfo("found " + to_string(list_size) + " USB device");
+		printInfo("found " + std::to_string(list_size) + " USB device");
 
 	while ((usb_dev = dev_list[i++]) != NULL) {
 		struct libusb_device_descriptor desc;
@@ -352,7 +351,7 @@ int DFU::searchIfDFU(struct libusb_device_handle *handle,
 		struct libusb_config_descriptor *cfg;
 		int ret = libusb_get_config_descriptor(dev, i, &cfg);
 		if (ret != 0) {
-			printError("Fail to retrieve config_descriptor " + to_string(i));
+			printError("Fail to retrieve config_descriptor " + std::to_string(i));
 			return 1;
 		}
 		/* configuration interface iteration */
@@ -499,7 +498,7 @@ int DFU::set_state(char newState)
 				return -1;
 			if (status.bState != STATE_appDETACH ||
 					status.bStatus != STATUS_OK) {
-				cerr << dfu_dev_status_val[status.bStatus] << endl;
+				std::cerr << dfu_dev_status_val[status.bStatus] << std::endl;
 				return -1;
 			}
 			break;
@@ -571,7 +570,7 @@ int DFU::set_state(char newState)
 				return ret;
 			if (status.bState != newState ||
 					status.bStatus != STATUS_OK) {
-				cerr << dfu_dev_status_val[status.bStatus] << endl;
+				std::cerr << dfu_dev_status_val[status.bStatus] << std::endl;
 				return -1;
 			}
 			break;
@@ -635,7 +634,7 @@ int DFU::poll_state(uint8_t state) {
 	do {
 		ret = get_status(&status);
 		if (ret <= 0) {
-			printError("Error: poll state " + string(libusb_error_name(ret)));
+			printError("Error: poll state " + std::string(libusb_error_name(ret)));
 			break;
 		}
 		/* millisecond */
@@ -800,7 +799,7 @@ int DFU::download()
 	//ret = set_state(STATE_dfuMANIFEST_SYNC);
 	ret = send(true, DFU_DNLOAD, transaction, NULL, 0);
 	if (ret < 0) {
-		printError("Error: fail to change state " + to_string(ret));
+		printError("Error: fail to change state " + std::to_string(ret));
 		return -6;
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/dfuFileParser.cpp b/src/dfuFileParser.cpp
index 60b1446..3926e97 100644
--- a/src/dfuFileParser.cpp
+++ b/src/dfuFileParser.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 #include "display.hpp"
 #include "dfuFileParser.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 /* USB Device firmware Upgrade Specification, Revision 1.1 B.1 */
 /* p. 42 */
@@ -71,7 +70,7 @@ static const uint32_t crc32tbl[] = {
 	0x54de5729, 0x23d967bf, 0xb3667a2e, 0xc4614ab8, 0x5d681b02, 0x2a6f2b94,
 	0xb40bbe37, 0xc30c8ea1, 0x5a05df1b, 0x2d02ef8d};
 
-DFUFileParser::DFUFileParser(const string &filename, bool verbose):
+DFUFileParser::DFUFileParser(const std::string &filename, bool verbose):
 	ConfigBitstreamParser(filename, ConfigBitstreamParser::BIN_MODE, verbose),
 		_bcdDFU(0), _idVendor(0), _idProduct(0), _bcdDevice(0),
 		_dwCRC(0), _bLength(0)
@@ -81,7 +80,7 @@ DFUFileParser::DFUFileParser(const string &filename, bool verbose):
 /* p.40-47 */
 int DFUFileParser::parseHeader()
 {
-	string ucDfuSignature;
+	std::string ucDfuSignature;
 	/* check size: If file size <= 16
 	 * no space for suffix and/or bitstream
 	 * */
@@ -114,30 +113,30 @@ int DFUFileParser::parseHeader()
 		(_raw_data[_file_size - 15] <<  8);
 
 	/* yes it's silly but it's simpliest way */
-	_hdr = {{"dwCRC", string(11, ' ')}, {"bLength", ""},
-		{"ucDfuSignature", string(4, ' ')}, {"bcdDFU", string(7, ' ')},
-		{"idVendor", string(7, ' ')}, {"idProduct", string(7, ' ')},
-		{"bcdDevice", string(7, ' ')}};
+	_hdr = {{"dwCRC", std::string(11, ' ')}, {"bLength", ""},
+		{"ucDfuSignature", std::string(4, ' ')}, {"bcdDFU", std::string(7, ' ')},
+		{"idVendor", std::string(7, ' ')}, {"idProduct", std::string(7, ' ')},
+		{"bcdDevice", std::string(7, ' ')}};
 
 
 	char __buf[16];
 	int __buf_valid_bytes;
 	__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 11, "0x%08x", _dwCRC);
-	_hdr["dwCRC"] = string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+	_hdr["dwCRC"] = std::string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 	_hdr["dwCRC"].resize(11, ' ');
-	_hdr["bLength"] = to_string(_bLength);
+	_hdr["bLength"] = std::to_string(_bLength);
 	_hdr["ucDfuSignature"] = ucDfuSignature;
 	__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 7, "0x%04x", _bcdDFU);
-	_hdr["bcdDFU"] = string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+	_hdr["bcdDFU"] = std::string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 	_hdr["bcdDFU"].resize(7, ' ');
 	__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 7, "0x%04x", _idVendor);
-	_hdr["idVendor"] = string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+	_hdr["idVendor"] = std::string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 	_hdr["idVendor"].resize(7, ' ');
 	__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 7, "0x%04x", _idProduct);
-	_hdr["idProduct"] = string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+	_hdr["idProduct"] = std::string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 	_hdr["idProduct"].resize(7, ' ');
 	__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 7, "0x%04x", _bcdDevice);
-	_hdr["bcdDevice"] = string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+	_hdr["bcdDevice"] = std::string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 	_hdr["bcdDevice"].resize(7, ' ');
 
 	return 1;
diff --git a/src/dirtyJtag.cpp b/src/dirtyJtag.cpp
index e8fa7e3..4220d36 100644
--- a/src/dirtyJtag.cpp
+++ b/src/dirtyJtag.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 #include "dirtyJtag.hpp"
 #include "display.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define DIRTYJTAG_VID 0x1209
 #define DIRTYJTAG_PID 0xC0CA
@@ -124,14 +123,14 @@ bool DirtyJtag::getVersion()
 	ret = libusb_bulk_transfer(dev_handle, DIRTYJTAG_WRITE_EP,
 					buf, 2, &actual_length, DIRTYJTAG_TIMEOUT);
 	if (ret < 0) {
-		cerr << "getVersion: usb bulk write failed " << ret << endl;
+		std::cerr << "getVersion: usb bulk write failed " << ret << std::endl;
 		return false;
 	}
 	do {
 		ret = libusb_bulk_transfer(dev_handle, DIRTYJTAG_READ_EP,
 						rx_buf, 64, &actual_length, DIRTYJTAG_TIMEOUT);
 		if (ret < 0) {
-			cerr << "getVersion: read: usb bulk read failed " << ret << endl;
+			std::cerr << "getVersion: read: usb bulk read failed " << ret << std::endl;
 			return false;
 		}
 	} while (actual_length == 0);
@@ -142,7 +141,7 @@ bool DirtyJtag::getVersion()
 	} else if (!strncmp("DJTAG3\n", (char*)rx_buf, 7)) {
 		_version = 3;
 	} else 	{
-		cerr << "dirtyJtag version unknown" << endl;
+		std::cerr << "dirtyJtag version unknown" << std::endl;
 		_version = 0;
 	}
 
@@ -171,7 +170,7 @@ int DirtyJtag::setClkFreq(uint32_t clkHz)
 	ret = libusb_bulk_transfer(dev_handle, DIRTYJTAG_WRITE_EP,
 					buf, 4, &actual_length, DIRTYJTAG_TIMEOUT);
 	if (ret < 0) {
-		cerr << "setClkFreq: usb bulk write failed " << ret << endl;
+		std::cerr << "setClkFreq: usb bulk write failed " << ret << std::endl;
 		return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 
@@ -214,7 +213,7 @@ int DirtyJtag::writeTMS(const uint8_t *tms, uint32_t len,
 										   buf, buffer_idx, &actual_length,
 										   DIRTYJTAG_TIMEOUT);
 			if (ret < 0) {
-				cerr << "writeTMS: usb bulk write failed " << ret << endl;
+				std::cerr << "writeTMS: usb bulk write failed " << ret << std::endl;
 				return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 			}
 			buffer_idx = 0;
@@ -237,7 +236,7 @@ int DirtyJtag::toggleClk(__attribute__((unused)) uint8_t tms,
 		int ret = libusb_bulk_transfer(dev_handle, DIRTYJTAG_WRITE_EP,
 				buf, 4, &actual_length, DIRTYJTAG_TIMEOUT);
 		if (ret < 0) {
-			cerr << "toggleClk: usb bulk write failed " << ret << endl;
+			std::cerr << "toggleClk: usb bulk write failed " << ret << std::endl;
 			return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 		}
 		clk_len -= buf[2];
@@ -303,11 +302,11 @@ int DirtyJtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool end)
 				(unsigned char *)tx_buf, xfer_len,
 				&actual_length, DIRTYJTAG_TIMEOUT);
 		if ((ret < 0) || (actual_length != xfer_len)) {
-			cerr << "writeTDI: fill: usb bulk write failed " << ret <<
-				"actual length: " << actual_length << endl;
+			std::cerr << "writeTDI: fill: usb bulk write failed " << ret <<
+				"actual length: " << actual_length << std::endl;
 			return EXIT_FAILURE;
 		}
-		// cerr << actual_length << ", " << bit_to_send << endl;
+		// std::cerr << actual_length << ", " << bit_to_send << std::endl;
 
 		if (rx || (_version <= 1)) {
 			const int transfer_length = (bit_to_send > 255) ? byte_to_send : 32;
@@ -315,7 +314,7 @@ int DirtyJtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool end)
 				ret = libusb_bulk_transfer(dev_handle, DIRTYJTAG_READ_EP,
 					rx_buf, transfer_length, &actual_length, DIRTYJTAG_TIMEOUT);
 				if (ret < 0) {
-					cerr << "writeTDI: read: usb bulk read failed " << ret << endl;
+					std::cerr << "writeTDI: read: usb bulk read failed " << ret << std::endl;
 					return EXIT_FAILURE;
 				}
 			} while (actual_length == 0);
@@ -369,7 +368,7 @@ int DirtyJtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool end)
 			if (libusb_bulk_transfer(dev_handle, DIRTYJTAG_WRITE_EP,
 									 buf, 8, &actual_length,
 									 DIRTYJTAG_TIMEOUT) < 0) {
-				cerr << "writeTDI: last bit error: usb bulk write failed 1" << endl;
+				std::cerr << "writeTDI: last bit error: usb bulk write failed 1" << std::endl;
 				return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 			}
 
@@ -377,7 +376,7 @@ int DirtyJtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool end)
 				if (libusb_bulk_transfer(dev_handle, DIRTYJTAG_READ_EP,
 											&sig, 1, &actual_length,
 											DIRTYJTAG_TIMEOUT) < 0) {
-					cerr << "writeTDI: last bit error: usb bulk read failed" << endl;
+					std::cerr << "writeTDI: last bit error: usb bulk read failed" << std::endl;
 					return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 				}
 			} while (actual_length == 0);
@@ -390,13 +389,13 @@ int DirtyJtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool end)
 			if (libusb_bulk_transfer(dev_handle, DIRTYJTAG_WRITE_EP,
 									 buf, 4, &actual_length,
 									 DIRTYJTAG_TIMEOUT) < 0) {
-				cerr << "writeTDI: last bit error: usb bulk write failed 2" << endl;
+				std::cerr << "writeTDI: last bit error: usb bulk write failed 2" << std::endl;
 				return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 			}
 
 		} else {
 			if (toggleClk(_tms, _tdi, 1)) {
-				cerr << "writeTDI: last bit error" << endl;
+				std::cerr << "writeTDI: last bit error" << std::endl;
 				return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/src/efinixHexParser.cpp b/src/efinixHexParser.cpp
index 30d2f44..f3afd52 100644
--- a/src/efinixHexParser.cpp
+++ b/src/efinixHexParser.cpp
@@ -10,19 +10,18 @@
 #include "display.hpp"
 #include "efinixHexParser.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
-EfinixHexParser::EfinixHexParser(const string &filename):
+EfinixHexParser::EfinixHexParser(const std::string &filename):
 		ConfigBitstreamParser(filename, ConfigBitstreamParser::ASCII_MODE,
 		false)
 {}
 
 int EfinixHexParser::parseHeader()
 {
-	string buffer;
-	istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
+	std::string buffer;
+	std::istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
 	int bytesRead = 0;
-	string headerText;
+	std::string headerText;
 	bool foundPaddedBits = false;
 	
 	while (std::getline(lineStream, buffer, '\n')) {
@@ -40,20 +39,20 @@ int EfinixHexParser::parseHeader()
 				break;
 		}
 		
-		if (headerText.find("PADDED_BITS") != string::npos)
+		if (headerText.find("PADDED_BITS") != std::string::npos)
 			foundPaddedBits = true;
 	}
 	
 	size_t pos;
-	if ((pos = headerText.find("Mode: ")) != string::npos) {
+	if ((pos = headerText.find("Mode: ")) != std::string::npos) {
 		size_t end = headerText.find('\n', pos);
 		_hdr["mode"] = headerText.substr(pos + 6, end - pos - 6);
 	}
-	if ((pos = headerText.find("Width: ")) != string::npos) {
+	if ((pos = headerText.find("Width: ")) != std::string::npos) {
 		size_t end = headerText.find('\n', pos);
 		_hdr["width"] = headerText.substr(pos + 7, end - pos - 7);
 	}
-	if ((pos = headerText.find("Device: ")) != string::npos) {
+	if ((pos = headerText.find("Device: ")) != std::string::npos) {
 		size_t end = headerText.find('\n', pos);
 		_hdr["device"] = headerText.substr(pos + 8, end - pos - 8);
 	}
@@ -63,10 +62,10 @@ int EfinixHexParser::parseHeader()
 
 int EfinixHexParser::parse()
 {
-	string buffer;
+	std::string buffer;
 	parseHeader();
 	
-	istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
+	std::istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
 
 	while (std::getline(lineStream, buffer, '\n')) {
 		_bit_data.push_back(std::stol(buffer, nullptr, 16));
diff --git a/src/epcq.hpp b/src/epcq.hpp
index cde12ea..c16691c 100644
--- a/src/epcq.hpp
+++ b/src/epcq.hpp
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@
 #include "spiInterface.hpp"
 #include "spiFlash.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
-
 class EPCQ: public SPIFlash {
  public:
 	EPCQ(SPIInterface *spi, bool unprotect_flash, int8_t verbose);
diff --git a/src/epcq2.cpp b/src/epcq2.cpp
index 0a8453b..7a5382b 100644
--- a/src/epcq2.cpp
+++ b/src/epcq2.cpp
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ int EPCQ::erase_sector(char start_sector, char nb_sectors)
 		printf("%d %d %x %x %x %x ", nb_sectors, base_addr, buffer[0], buffer[1], buffer[2], buffer[3]);
 
 		if (_spi.ft2232_spi_wr_and_rd(4, buffer, NULL) < 0) {
-			cout << "Write error in erase_sector\n" << endl;
+			std::cout << "Write error in erase_sector\n" << std::endl;
 			return -1;
 		}
 
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ int EPCQ::erase_sector(char start_sector, char nb_sectors)
  */
 
 #if 0
-void EPCQ::program(unsigned int start_offset, string filename, bool reverse)
+void EPCQ::program(unsigned int start_offset, std::string filename, bool reverse)
 {
 	FILE *fd;
 	int file_size, nb_sect, i, ii;
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ void EPCQ::program(unsigned int start_offset, string filename, bool reverse)
 	 */
 	fd = fopen(filename.c_str(), "r");
 	if (!fd) {
-		cout << "Error opening " << filename << endl;
+		std::cout << "Error opening " << filename << std::endl;
 		return;
 	}
 	fseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
diff --git a/src/epcq2.hpp b/src/epcq2.hpp
index 4597353..1368571 100644
--- a/src/epcq2.hpp
+++ b/src/epcq2.hpp
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
 #include "spiInterface.hpp"
 #include "spiFlash.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
-
 class EPCQ: public SPIFlash {
  public:
  	EPCQ(SPIInterface *spi, int8_t verbose);
diff --git a/src/esp_usb_jtag.cpp b/src/esp_usb_jtag.cpp
index e41d999..1649586 100644
--- a/src/esp_usb_jtag.cpp
+++ b/src/esp_usb_jtag.cpp
@@ -113,7 +113,6 @@ this description is a copy from openocd/src/jtag/drivers/esp_usb_jtag.c
 #include "esp_usb_jtag.hpp"
 #include "display.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define ESPUSBJTAG_VID 0x303A
 #define ESPUSBJTAG_PID 0x1001
@@ -257,7 +256,7 @@ esp_usb_jtag::esp_usb_jtag(uint32_t clkHZ, int8_t verbose, int vid = ESPUSBJTAG_
 	char mess[256];
 
 	if (libusb_init(&usb_ctx) < 0) {
-		cerr << "libusb init failed" << endl;
+		std::cerr << "libusb init failed" << std::endl;
 		throw std::exception();
 	}
 
@@ -282,7 +281,7 @@ esp_usb_jtag::esp_usb_jtag(uint32_t clkHZ, int8_t verbose, int vid = ESPUSBJTAG_
 
 	ret = libusb_claim_interface(dev_handle, ESPUSBJTAG_INTF);
 	if (ret) {
-		cerr << "libusb error while claiming esp_usb_jtag interface of device vid:pid 0x" << std::hex << vid << ":0x" << std::hex << pid << endl;
+		std::cerr << "libusb error while claiming esp_usb_jtag interface of device vid:pid 0x" << std::hex << vid << ":0x" << std::hex << pid << std::endl;
 		libusb_close(dev_handle);
 		libusb_exit(usb_ctx);
 		throw std::exception();
@@ -293,7 +292,7 @@ esp_usb_jtag::esp_usb_jtag(uint32_t clkHZ, int8_t verbose, int vid = ESPUSBJTAG_
 		throw std::runtime_error("Fail to get version");
 
 	if (setClkFreq(clkHZ) < 0) {
-		cerr << "Fail to set frequency" << endl;
+		std::cerr << "Fail to set frequency" << std::endl;
 		throw std::exception();
 	}
 }
@@ -331,8 +330,8 @@ bool esp_usb_jtag::getVersion()
 	}
 
 	for(int i = 0; i < jtag_caps_read_len; i++)
-	  cerr << " 0x" << std::hex << (int)(jtag_caps_desc[i]);
-	cerr << endl;
+	  std::cerr << " 0x" << std::hex << (int)(jtag_caps_desc[i]);
+	std::cerr << std::endl;
 	
 	_base_speed_khz = UINT32_MAX;
 	_div_min = 1;
@@ -342,20 +341,20 @@ bool esp_usb_jtag::getVersion()
 		VEND_DESCR_BUILTIN_JTAG_CAPS ? JTAG_BUILTIN_DESCR_START_OFF : JTAG_EUB_DESCR_START_OFF;
 
 	if (p + sizeof(struct jtag_proto_caps_hdr) > (unsigned int)jtag_caps_read_len) {
-		cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: not enough data to get header" << endl;
+		std::cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: not enough data to get header" << std::endl;
 		// goto out;
 	}
 
 	struct jtag_proto_caps_hdr *hdr = (struct jtag_proto_caps_hdr *)&jtag_caps_desc[p];
 	if (hdr->proto_ver != JTAG_PROTO_CAPS_VER) {
-		cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: unknown jtag_caps descriptor version 0x" << std::hex
-			<< hdr->proto_ver << endl;
+		std::cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: unknown jtag_caps descriptor version 0x" << std::hex
+			<< hdr->proto_ver << std::endl;
 		// goto out;
 	}
 	if (hdr->length > jtag_caps_read_len) {
-		cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: header length (" << hdr->length
+		std::cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: header length (" << hdr->length
 			 << ") bigger then max read bytes (" << jtag_caps_read_len
-			 << ")" << endl;
+			 << ")" << std::endl;
 		// goto out;
 	}
 
@@ -367,7 +366,7 @@ bool esp_usb_jtag::getVersion()
 		struct jtag_gen_hdr *dhdr = (struct jtag_gen_hdr *)&jtag_caps_desc[p];
 		if (dhdr->type == JTAG_PROTO_CAPS_SPEED_APB_TYPE) {
 			if (p + sizeof(struct jtag_proto_caps_speed_apb) < hdr->length) {
-				cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: not enough data to get caps speed" << endl;
+				std::cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: not enough data to get caps speed" << std::endl;
 				return false;
 			}
 			struct jtag_proto_caps_speed_apb *spcap = (struct jtag_proto_caps_speed_apb *)dhdr;
@@ -378,15 +377,15 @@ bool esp_usb_jtag::getVersion()
 			/* TODO: mark in priv that this is apb-derived and as such may change if apb
 			 * ever changes? */
 		} else {
-			cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: unknown caps type 0x" << dhdr->type << endl;;
+			std::cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: unknown caps type 0x" << dhdr->type << std::endl;;
 		}
 		p += dhdr->length;
 	}
 	if (priv->base_speed_khz == UINT32_MAX) {
-		cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: No speed caps found... using sane-ish defaults." << endl;
+		std::cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: No speed caps found... using sane-ish defaults." << std::endl;
 		_base_speed_khz = 1000;
 	}
-	cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: Device found. Base speed " << std::dec << _base_speed_khz << " KHz, div range " << (int)_div_min << " to " << (int)_div_max << endl;
+	std::cerr << "esp_usb_jtag: Device found. Base speed " << std::dec << _base_speed_khz << " KHz, div range " << (int)_div_min << " to " << (int)_div_max << std::endl;
 
 	_version = 1; // currently only protocol version 1 exists
 
@@ -434,7 +433,7 @@ int esp_usb_jtag::setClkFreq(uint32_t clkHZ)
 	/*timeout ms*/      ESPUSBJTAG_TIMEOUT_MS);
 
 	if (ret != 0) {
-		cerr << "setClkFreq: usb bulk write failed " << ret << endl;
+		std::cerr << "setClkFreq: usb bulk write failed " << ret << std::endl;
 		return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 
@@ -503,7 +502,7 @@ int esp_usb_jtag::writeTMS(const uint8_t *tms, uint32_t len, bool flush_buffer,
 			return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 		}
 		if (_verbose)
-			cerr << "tms" << endl;
+			std::cerr << "tms" << std::endl;
 	}
 
 	return len;
@@ -579,11 +578,11 @@ int esp_usb_jtag::setio(int srst, int tms, int tdi, int tck)
 	/*timeout ms*/	ESPUSBJTAG_TIMEOUT_MS);
 
 	if (ret != 0) {
-		cerr << "setio: control write failed " << ret << endl;
+		std::cerr << "setio: control write failed " << ret << std::endl;
 		return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 	if (_verbose)
-		cerr << "setio 0x" << std::hex << wvalue << endl;
+		std::cerr << "setio 0x" << std::hex << wvalue << std::endl;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -708,12 +707,12 @@ int esp_usb_jtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool en
 	// last byte in buf will have data in both nibbles, no flush
 	// exec order: high-nibble-first, low-nibble-second
 	if (_verbose) {
-		cerr << "is high nibble=" << (int)is_high_nibble << endl;
+		std::cerr << "is high nibble=" << (int)is_high_nibble << std::endl;
 		//int bits_in_tx_buf = 0;
 		for(uint32_t i = 0; i < (len + 7) >> 3; i++)
-			cerr << " " << std::hex << (int)tdi[i];
-		cerr << endl;
-		cerr << "tdi_bits ";
+			std::cerr << " " << std::hex << (int)tdi[i];
+		std::cerr << std::endl;
+		std::cerr << "tdi_bits ";
 	}
 
 	for (uint32_t pos = 0; pos < len; pos += xfer_len) {
@@ -739,7 +738,7 @@ int esp_usb_jtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool en
 			uint32_t curr_pos = pos + i;
 			_tdi = (tdi[curr_pos >> 3] >> (curr_pos & 7)) & 1; // get i'th bit from rx
 			if (_verbose)
-				cerr << (int)_tdi;
+				std::cerr << (int)_tdi;
 			if (end && curr_pos == len - 1)
 				_tms = 1;
 			const uint8_t cmd = CMD_CLK(tdo, _tdi, _tms); // with TDO capture
@@ -768,7 +767,7 @@ int esp_usb_jtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool en
 			return -EXIT_FAILURE;
 		}
 		if (_verbose)
-			cerr << "writeTDI write 0x" << tx_buffer_idx << " bytes" << endl;
+			std::cerr << "writeTDI write 0x" << tx_buffer_idx << " bytes" << std::endl;
 		if (rx) {
 			flush(); // must flush before reading
 			// TODO support odd len for TDO
@@ -788,7 +787,7 @@ int esp_usb_jtag::writeTDI(const uint8_t *tx, uint8_t *rx, uint32_t len, bool en
 					nb_try++;
 				} while (nb_try < 3 && ret == 0);
 				if (_verbose)
-					cerr << "writeTDI read " << std::to_string(ret) << endl;
+					std::cerr << "writeTDI read " << std::to_string(ret) << std::endl;
 				if (read_byte_len != ret) {
 					snprintf(mess, 256, "writeTDI: usb bulk read expected=%d received=%d", read_byte_len, ret);
 					printError(mess);
diff --git a/src/feaparser.cpp b/src/feaparser.cpp
index b11377a..58546ae 100644
--- a/src/feaparser.cpp
+++ b/src/feaparser.cpp
@@ -63,9 +63,8 @@
 #  define FEATURE_CORE_CLK_SEL		(0x03 << 30)	/* Core Clock Sel */
 
 
-using namespace std;
 
-FeaParser::FeaParser(const string &filename, bool verbose):
+FeaParser::FeaParser(const std::string &filename, bool verbose):
 	ConfigBitstreamParser(filename, ConfigBitstreamParser::BIN_MODE, verbose),
 	_feabits(0), _has_feabits(false)
 {
@@ -76,14 +75,14 @@ FeaParser::FeaParser(const string &filename, bool verbose):
 /* fill a vector with consecutive lines, beginning with 0 or 1, until EOF
  * \brief read a line with '\r''\n' or '\n' termination
  * check if last char is '\r'
- * \return a vector of lines without [\r]\n
+ * \return a std::vector of lines without [\r]\n
  */
-vector<string> FeaParser::readFeaFile()
+std::vector<std::string> FeaParser::readFeaFile()
 {
-	vector<string> lines;
+	std::vector<std::string> lines;
 
 	while (true) {
-		string buffer;
+		std::string buffer;
 		std::getline(_ss, buffer, '\n');
 		if (buffer.empty())
 			break;
@@ -230,16 +229,16 @@ void FeaParser::displayHeader()
  * 1: xxxx\n : feature Row (96 bits)
  * 2: yyyy*\n : feabits (32 bits)
  */
-void FeaParser::parseFeatureRowAndFeabits(const vector<string> &content)
+void FeaParser::parseFeatureRowAndFeabits(const std::vector<std::string> &content)
 {
 	printf("Parsing Feature Row & FEAbits...\n");
 
-	string featuresRow = content[0];
+	std::string featuresRow = content[0];
 	//printf("Features: [%s]\n", featuresRow.c_str());
 	for (size_t i = 0; i < featuresRow.size(); i++)
 		_featuresRow[3 - (i/32) - 1] |= ((featuresRow[i] - '0') << (32 - (i%32) - 1));
 
-	string feabits = content[1];
+	std::string feabits = content[1];
 	//printf("Feabits: [%s]\n", feabits.c_str());
 	_feabits = 0;
 	for (size_t i = 0; i < feabits.size(); i++) {
@@ -249,7 +248,7 @@ void FeaParser::parseFeatureRowAndFeabits(const vector<string> &content)
 
 int FeaParser::parse()
 {
-	std::vector<string>lines;
+	std::vector<std::string>lines;
 
 	_ss.str(_raw_data);
 
diff --git a/src/fsparser.cpp b/src/fsparser.cpp
index 3d9a22c..e77c8a4 100644
--- a/src/fsparser.cpp
+++ b/src/fsparser.cpp
@@ -11,9 +11,8 @@
 #include "fsparser.hpp"
 #include "display.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
-FsParser::FsParser(const string &filename, bool reverseByte, bool verbose):
+FsParser::FsParser(const std::string &filename, bool reverseByte, bool verbose):
 			ConfigBitstreamParser(filename, ConfigBitstreamParser::ASCII_MODE,
 			verbose), _reverseByte(reverseByte), _end_header(0), _checksum(0),
 			_8Zero(0xff), _4Zero(0xff), _2Zero(0xff),
@@ -36,11 +35,11 @@ uint64_t FsParser::bitToVal(const char *bits, int len)
 int FsParser::parseHeader()
 {
 	int ret = 0;
-	string buffer;
+	std::string buffer;
 	int line_index = 0;
 	bool in_header = true;
 
-	istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
+	std::istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
 
 	while (std::getline(lineStream, buffer, '\n')) {
 		ret += buffer.size() + 1;
@@ -69,12 +68,12 @@ int FsParser::parseHeader()
 			case 0x06: /* idCode */
 				_idcode = (0xffffffff & val);
 				__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 9, "%08x", _idcode);
-				_hdr["idcode"] = string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+				_hdr["idcode"] = std::string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 				_hdr["idcode"].resize(8, ' ');
 				break;
 			case 0x0A: /* user code or checksum ? */
 				__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 9, "%08x", (uint32_t)(0xffffffff & val));
-				_hdr["CheckSum"] = string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+				_hdr["CheckSum"] = std::string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 				_hdr["CheckSum"].resize(8, ' ');
 				break;
 			case 0x0B: /* only present when bit_security is set */
@@ -90,7 +89,7 @@ int FsParser::parseHeader()
 				} else {
 					rate = 2500000; // default
 				}
-				_hdr["LoadingRate"] = to_string(rate);
+				_hdr["LoadingRate"] = std::to_string(rate);
 				_compressed = (val >> 13) & 1;
 				_hdr["Compress"] = (_compressed) ? "ON" : "OFF";
 				_hdr["ProgramDoneBypass"] = ((val >> 12) & 1) ? "ON" : "OFF";
@@ -112,7 +111,7 @@ int FsParser::parseHeader()
 				uint32_t flash_addr;
 				flash_addr = val & 0xffffffff;
 				__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 9, "%08x", flash_addr);
-				_hdr["SPIAddr"] = string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+				_hdr["SPIAddr"] = std::string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 				_hdr["SPIAddr"].resize(8, ' ');
 
 				break;
@@ -123,7 +122,7 @@ int FsParser::parseHeader()
 				crc = 0x01 & (val >> 23);
 
 				_hdr["CRCCheck"] = (crc) ? "ON" : "OFF";
-				_hdr["ConfDataLength"] = to_string(0xffff & val);
+				_hdr["ConfDataLength"] = std::to_string(0xffff & val);
 				_end_header = line_index;
 				break;
 		}
@@ -136,7 +135,7 @@ int FsParser::parseHeader()
 
 int FsParser::parse()
 {
-	string tmp;
+	std::string tmp;
 	/* GW1N-6 and GW1N(R)-9 are address length not multiple of byte */
 	int padding = 0;
 
@@ -236,17 +235,17 @@ int FsParser::parse()
 		drop += 2 * 8;
 	for (auto &&ll = _lstRawData.begin();
 			ll != _lstRawData.end(); ll++) {
-		string l = "";
-		string line = *ll;
+		std::string l = "";
+		std::string line = *ll;
 		if (_compressed) {
 			for (size_t i = 0; i < line.size()-drop; i+=8) {
 				uint8_t c = bitToVal((const char *)&line[i], 8);
 				if (c == _8Zero)
-					l += string(8*8, '0');
+					l += std::string(8*8, '0');
 				else if (c == _4Zero)
-					l += string(4*8, '0');
+					l += std::string(4*8, '0');
 				else if (c == _2Zero)
-					l += string(2*8, '0');
+					l += std::string(2*8, '0');
 				else
 					l += line.substr(i, 8);
 			}
diff --git a/src/ftdiJtagBitbang.cpp b/src/ftdiJtagBitbang.cpp
index 3358b40..6e33ec9 100644
--- a/src/ftdiJtagBitbang.cpp
+++ b/src/ftdiJtagBitbang.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 #include "ftdiJtagBitbang.hpp"
 #include "ftdipp_mpsse.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define DEBUG 0
 
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ using namespace std;
 #endif
 
 FtdiJtagBitBang::FtdiJtagBitBang(const cable_t &cable,
-			const jtag_pins_conf_t *pin_conf, const string &dev,
+			const jtag_pins_conf_t *pin_conf, const std::string &dev,
 			const std::string &serial, uint32_t clkHZ, int8_t verbose):
 			FTDIpp_MPSSE(cable, dev, serial, clkHZ, verbose), _bitmode(0),
 			_curr_tms(0), _rx_size(0)
diff --git a/src/ftdiJtagMPSSE.cpp b/src/ftdiJtagMPSSE.cpp
index 14f0023..df89950 100644
--- a/src/ftdiJtagMPSSE.cpp
+++ b/src/ftdiJtagMPSSE.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 #include "ftdiJtagMPSSE.hpp"
 #include "ftdipp_mpsse.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define DEBUG 0
 
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ using namespace std;
 #endif
 
 FtdiJtagMPSSE::FtdiJtagMPSSE(const cable_t &cable,
-			const string &dev, const string &serial, uint32_t clkHZ,
+			const std::string &dev, const std::string &serial, uint32_t clkHZ,
 			bool invert_read_edge, int8_t verbose):
 			FTDIpp_MPSSE(cable, dev, serial, clkHZ, verbose), _ch552WA(false),
 			_cmd8EWA(false),
diff --git a/src/ftdipp_mpsse.cpp b/src/ftdipp_mpsse.cpp
index 3c66170..0c2ba5f 100644
--- a/src/ftdipp_mpsse.cpp
+++ b/src/ftdipp_mpsse.cpp
@@ -20,13 +20,12 @@
 #include "display.hpp"
 #include "ftdipp_mpsse.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 //#define DEBUG 1
 #define display(...) \
 	do { if (_verbose) fprintf(stdout, __VA_ARGS__);}while(0)
 
-FTDIpp_MPSSE::FTDIpp_MPSSE(const cable_t &cable, const string &dev,
+FTDIpp_MPSSE::FTDIpp_MPSSE(const cable_t &cable, const std::string &dev,
 				const std::string &serial, uint32_t clkHZ, int8_t verbose):
 				_verbose(verbose > 2), _cable(cable.config), _vid(0),
 				_pid(0), _index(0),
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ FTDIpp_MPSSE::FTDIpp_MPSSE(const cable_t &cable, const string &dev,
 	strcpy(_product, "");
 	if (!dev.empty()) {
 		if (!search_with_dev(dev)) {
-			cerr << "No cable found" << endl;
+			std::cerr << "No cable found" << std::endl;
 			throw std::runtime_error("No cable found");
 		}
 	} else {
@@ -159,7 +158,7 @@ void FTDIpp_MPSSE::open_device(const std::string &serial, unsigned int baudrate)
 
 	_ftdi = ftdi_new();
 	if (_ftdi == NULL) {
-		cout << "open_device: failed to initialize ftdi" << endl;
+		std::cout << "open_device: failed to initialize ftdi" << std::endl;
 		throw std::runtime_error("open_device: failed to initialize ftdi");
 	}
 #if (ATTACH_KERNEL && (FTDI_VERSION >= 105))
@@ -277,14 +276,14 @@ int FTDIpp_MPSSE::init(unsigned char latency, unsigned char bitmask_mode,
 	if ((ret = ftdi_usb_reset(_ftdi)) < 0) {
 		printError("FTDI reset error with code " +
 				std::to_string(ret) + " (" +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
 		return ret;
 	}
 
 	if ((ret = ftdi_set_bitmode(_ftdi, 0x00, BITMODE_RESET)) < 0) {
 		printError("FTDI bitmode reset error with code " +
 				std::to_string(ret) + " (" +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
 		return ret;
 	}
 
@@ -295,27 +294,27 @@ int FTDIpp_MPSSE::init(unsigned char latency, unsigned char bitmask_mode,
 #endif
 		printError("FTDI flush buffer error with code " +
 				std::to_string(ret) + " (" +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
 		return ret;
 	}
 	if ((ret = ftdi_set_latency_timer(_ftdi, latency)) < 0) {
 		printError("FTDI set latency timer error with code " +
 				std::to_string(ret) + " (" +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
 		return ret;
 	}
 	/* enable mode */
 	if ((ret = ftdi_set_bitmode(_ftdi, bitmask_mode, mode)) < 0) {
 		printError("FTDI bitmode config error with code " +
 				std::to_string(ret) + " (" +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
 		return ret;
 	}
 	if (mode == BITMODE_MPSSE) {
 		unsigned char buf1[5];
 		if ((ret = ftdi_read_data(_ftdi, buf1, 5)) < 0) {
 			printError("fail to read data " +
-					string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
+					std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
 			return -1;
 		}
 
@@ -344,24 +343,24 @@ int FTDIpp_MPSSE::init(unsigned char latency, unsigned char bitmask_mode,
 		}
 		if ((ret = mpsse_store(buf_cmd, to_wr)) < 0) {
 			printError("fail to store buffer " +
-					string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
+					std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
 			return -1;
 		}
 		if (mpsse_write() < 0) {
 			printError("fail to write buffer " +
-					string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
+					std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
 			return -1;
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (ftdi_read_data_set_chunksize(_ftdi, _buffer_size) < 0) {
 		printError("fail to set read chunk size: " +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
 		return -1;
 	}
 	if (ftdi_write_data_set_chunksize(_ftdi, _buffer_size) < 0) {
 		printError("fail to set write chunk size: " +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
 		return -1;
 	}
 
@@ -382,7 +381,7 @@ int FTDIpp_MPSSE::setClkFreq(uint32_t clkHZ)
 #else
 	if ((ret = ftdi_tcioflush(_ftdi)) < 0) {
 		printError("selfClkFreq: fail to flush buffers: " +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
 		return ret;
 	}
 
@@ -421,7 +420,7 @@ int FTDIpp_MPSSE::setClkFreq(uint32_t clkHZ)
 		__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 10, "%3.2fKHz", clkHZ / 1e3);
 	else
 		__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 10, "%3u.00Hz", clkHZ);
-	string clkHZ_str(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+	std::string clkHZ_str(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 	clkHZ_str.resize(10, ' ');
 	if (real_freq >= 1e6)
 		__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 9, "%2.2fMHz", real_freq / 1e6);
@@ -429,7 +428,7 @@ int FTDIpp_MPSSE::setClkFreq(uint32_t clkHZ)
 		__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 10, "%3.2fKHz", real_freq / 1e3);
 	else
 		__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 10, "%3.2fHz", real_freq);
-	string real_freq_str(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+	std::string real_freq_str(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 	real_freq_str.resize(10, ' ');
 
 
@@ -453,7 +452,7 @@ int FTDIpp_MPSSE::setClkFreq(uint32_t clkHZ)
 	}
 	if ((ret = ftdi_read_data(_ftdi, buffer, 4)) < 0) {
 		printError("selfClkFreq: fail to read: " +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
 		return ret;
 	}
 
@@ -478,7 +477,7 @@ int FTDIpp_MPSSE::mpsse_store(unsigned char *buff, int len)
 			if ((ret = mpsse_write()) < 0) {
 				printError("mpsse_store: fails to first flush " +
 						std::to_string(ret) + " " +
-						string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
+						std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
 				return ret;
 			}
 		}
@@ -493,7 +492,7 @@ int FTDIpp_MPSSE::mpsse_store(unsigned char *buff, int len)
 			if ((ret = mpsse_write()) < 0) {
 				printError("mpsse_store: fails to first flush " +
 						std::to_string(ret) + " " +
-						string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
+						std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)));
 				return ret;
 			}
 			ptr += store_size;
@@ -523,7 +522,7 @@ int FTDIpp_MPSSE::mpsse_write()
 	if ((ret = ftdi_write_data(_ftdi, _buffer, _num)) != _num) {
 		printError("mpsse_write: fail to write with error " +
 				std::to_string(ret) + " (" +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
 		return ret;
 	}
 
@@ -541,14 +540,14 @@ int FTDIpp_MPSSE::mpsse_read(unsigned char *rx_buff, int len)
 	if ((ret = mpsse_store(SEND_IMMEDIATE)) < 0) {
 		printError("mpsse_read: fail to store with error: " +
 				std::to_string(ret) + " (" +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
 		return ret;
 	}
 
 	if ((ret = mpsse_write()) < 0) {
 		printError("mpsse_read: fail to flush buffer with error: " +
 				std::to_string(ret) + " (" +
-				string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
+				std::string(ftdi_get_error_string(_ftdi)) + ")");
 		return ret;
 	}
 
@@ -825,7 +824,7 @@ unsigned int FTDIpp_MPSSE::udevstufftoint(const char *udevstring, int base)
 	return (ret);
 }
 
-bool FTDIpp_MPSSE::search_with_dev(const string &device)
+bool FTDIpp_MPSSE::search_with_dev(const std::string &device)
 {
 	struct udev *udev;
 	struct udev_device *dev, *usbdeviceparent;
@@ -899,7 +898,7 @@ unsigned int FTDIpp_MPSSE::udevstufftoint(const char *udevstring, int base)
 	(void)base;
 	return 0;
 }
-bool FTDIpp_MPSSE::search_with_dev(const string &device)
+bool FTDIpp_MPSSE::search_with_dev(const std::string &device)
 {
 	(void)device;
 	return false;
diff --git a/src/fx2_ll.cpp b/src/fx2_ll.cpp
index 0ac0c6d..f937040 100644
--- a/src/fx2_ll.cpp
+++ b/src/fx2_ll.cpp
@@ -15,14 +15,13 @@
 #include "fx2_ll.hpp"
 #include "ihexParser.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define FX2_FIRM_LOAD          0xA0
 #define FX2_GCR_CPUCS          0xe600
 #define FX2_GCR_CPUCS_8051_RES (1 << 0)
 
 FX2_ll::FX2_ll(uint16_t uninit_vid, uint16_t uninit_pid,
-		uint16_t vid, uint16_t pid, const string &firmware_path)
+		uint16_t vid, uint16_t pid, const std::string &firmware_path)
 {
 	int ret;
 	bool reenum = false;
@@ -168,7 +167,7 @@ int FX2_ll::read_ctrl(uint8_t bRequest, uint16_t wValue,
  * and 64B by 64B
  * set CPU in reset state before and restart after
  */
-bool FX2_ll::load_firmware(string firmware_path)
+bool FX2_ll::load_firmware(std::string firmware_path)
 {
 	IhexParser ihex(firmware_path, false, true);
 	ihex.parse();
@@ -177,7 +176,7 @@ bool FX2_ll::load_firmware(string firmware_path)
 	if (!reset(1))
 		return false;
 	/* load */
-	vector<IhexParser::data_line_t> data = ihex.getDataArray();
+	std::vector<IhexParser::data_line_t> data = ihex.getDataArray();
 	for (size_t i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
 		IhexParser::data_line_t data_line = data[i];
 
diff --git a/src/gowin.cpp b/src/gowin.cpp
index 1383494..4d4aa93 100644
--- a/src/gowin.cpp
+++ b/src/gowin.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #include "rawParser.hpp"
 #include "spiFlash.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #ifdef STATUS_TIMEOUT
 // defined in the Windows headers included by libftdi.h
@@ -75,7 +74,7 @@ using namespace std;
 #define BSCAN_GW1NSR_4C_SPI_DO  (1 << 1)
 #define BSCAN_GW1NSR_4C_SPI_MSK (1 << 0)
 
-Gowin::Gowin(Jtag *jtag, const string filename, const string &file_type, std::string mcufw,
+Gowin::Gowin(Jtag *jtag, const std::string filename, const std::string &file_type, std::string mcufw,
 		Device::prog_type_t prg_type, bool external_flash,
 		bool verify, int8_t verbose, const std::string& user_flash)
 	: Device(jtag, filename, file_type, verify, verbose),
@@ -128,7 +127,7 @@ Gowin::Gowin(Jtag *jtag, const string filename, const string &file_type, std::st
 
 		/* for fs file check match with targeted device */
 		if (_file_extension == "fs") {
-			string idcode_str = _fs->getHeaderVal("idcode");
+			std::string idcode_str = _fs->getHeaderVal("idcode");
 			uint32_t fs_idcode = std::stoul(idcode_str.c_str(), NULL, 16);
 			if ((fs_idcode & 0x0fffffff) != _idcode) {
 				char mess[256];
@@ -437,7 +436,7 @@ void Gowin::checkCRC()
 	 * is used, try to compare with this value
 	 */
 	try {
-		string hdr = _fs->getHeaderVal("checkSum");
+		std::string hdr = _fs->getHeaderVal("checkSum");
 		if (!hdr.empty()) {
 			if (ucode == strtol(hdr.c_str(), NULL, 16))
 				goto success;
diff --git a/src/ihexParser.cpp b/src/ihexParser.cpp
index 074172d..b73650c 100644
--- a/src/ihexParser.cpp
+++ b/src/ihexParser.cpp
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 #include "display.hpp"
 #include "ihexParser.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 /* line format
  * :LLAAAATTHH...HHCC
@@ -34,7 +33,7 @@ using namespace std;
 #define TYPE_BASE 7
 #define DATA_BASE 9
 
-IhexParser::IhexParser(const string &filename, bool reverseOrder, bool verbose):
+IhexParser::IhexParser(const std::string &filename, bool reverseOrder, bool verbose):
 		ConfigBitstreamParser(filename, ConfigBitstreamParser::ASCII_MODE,
 		verbose),
 		_base_addr(0), _reverseOrder(reverseOrder)
@@ -42,8 +41,8 @@ IhexParser::IhexParser(const string &filename, bool reverseOrder, bool verbose):
 
 int IhexParser::parse()
 {
-	string str;
-	istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
+	std::string str;
+	std::istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
 
 	uint16_t next_addr = 0;
 	bool is_first = true;
diff --git a/src/jedParser.cpp b/src/jedParser.cpp
index 76605de..6ec6b7f 100644
--- a/src/jedParser.cpp
+++ b/src/jedParser.cpp
@@ -29,9 +29,8 @@
  * - be less lattice compliant
  */
 
-using namespace std;
 
-JedParser::JedParser(const string &filename, bool verbose):
+JedParser::JedParser(const std::string &filename, bool verbose):
 	ConfigBitstreamParser(filename, ConfigBitstreamParser::BIN_MODE, verbose),
 	_fuse_count(0), _pin_count(0), _max_vect_test(0),
 	_featuresRow(0), _feabits(0), _has_feabits(false), _checksum(0),
@@ -46,9 +45,9 @@ JedParser::JedParser(const string &filename, bool verbose):
  * check if last char is '\r'
  * \return the line without [\r]\n
  */
-string JedParser::readline()
+std::string JedParser::readline()
 {
-	string buffer;
+	std::string buffer;
 	std::getline(_ss, buffer, '\n');
 	if (!buffer.empty()) {
 		/* if '\r' is present -> drop */
@@ -60,10 +59,10 @@ string JedParser::readline()
 
 /* fill a vector with consecutive lines until '*'
  */
-vector<string> JedParser::readJEDLine()
+std::vector<std::string> JedParser::readJEDLine()
 {
-	string buffer;
-	vector<string> lines;
+	std::string buffer;
+	std::vector<std::string> lines;
 	bool inLine = true;
 
 	do {
@@ -83,10 +82,10 @@ vector<string> JedParser::readJEDLine()
 /* convert one serie ASCII 1/0 to a vector of
  * unsigned char
  */
-void JedParser::buildDataArray(const string &content, struct jed_data &jed)
+void JedParser::buildDataArray(const std::string &content, struct jed_data &jed)
 {
 	size_t data_len = content.size();
-	string tmp_buff;
+	std::string tmp_buff;
 	fuselist += content;
 	for (size_t i = 0; i < content.size(); i+=8) {
 		uint8_t data = 0;
@@ -104,11 +103,11 @@ void JedParser::buildDataArray(const string &content, struct jed_data &jed)
  * unsigned char
  * string must be up to 8 bits
  */
-void JedParser::buildDataArray(const vector<string> &content,
+void JedParser::buildDataArray(const std::vector<std::string> &content,
 		struct jed_data &jed)
 {
 	size_t data_len = 0;
-	string tmp_buff;
+	std::string tmp_buff;
 	for (size_t i = 0; i < content.size(); i++) {
 		uint8_t data = 0;
 		data_len += content[i].size();
@@ -183,20 +182,20 @@ void JedParser::displayHeader()
  * 1: Exxxx\n : feature Row
  * 2: yyyy*\n : feabits
  */
-void JedParser::parseEField(const vector<string> &content)
+void JedParser::parseEField(const std::vector<std::string> &content)
 {
 	_featuresRow = 0;
-	string featuresRow = content[0].substr(1);
+	std::string featuresRow = content[0].substr(1);
 	for (size_t i = 0; i < featuresRow.size(); ++i)
 		_featuresRow |= (uint64_t(featuresRow[i] - '0') << i);
-	string feabits = content[1];
+	std::string feabits = content[1];
 	_feabits = 0;
 	for (size_t i = 0; i < feabits.size(); i++) {
 		_feabits |= ((feabits[i] - '0') << i);
 	}
 }
 
-void JedParser::parseLField(const vector<string> &content)
+void JedParser::parseLField(const std::vector<std::string> &content)
 {
 	int start_offset;
 	sscanf(content[0].substr(1).c_str(), "%d", &start_offset);
@@ -216,8 +215,8 @@ void JedParser::parseLField(const vector<string> &content)
 	} else {
 		// search space
 		std::istringstream iss(content[0]);
-		vector<string> myList((std::istream_iterator<string>(iss)),
-		std::istream_iterator<string>());
+		std::vector<std::string> myList((std::istream_iterator<std::string>(iss)),
+		std::istream_iterator<std::string>());
 
 		myList.erase(myList.begin());
 
@@ -228,11 +227,11 @@ void JedParser::parseLField(const vector<string> &content)
 
 int JedParser::parse()
 {
-	string previousNote;
+	std::string previousNote;
 
 	_ss.str(_raw_data);
 
-	string content;
+	std::string content;
 
 	/* JED file may have some ASCII line before STX (0x02)
 	 * read until STX or EOF
@@ -261,7 +260,7 @@ int JedParser::parse()
 	/* read full content
 	 * JED file end fix ETX (0x03) + file checksum + \n
 	 */
-	std::vector<string>lines;
+	std::vector<std::string>lines;
 	int first_pos;
 	char instr;
 	do {
@@ -297,7 +296,7 @@ int JedParser::parse()
 					_max_vect_test = count;
 					break;
 				default:
-					cerr << "Error for 'Q' unknown qualifier " << lines[0] << endl;
+					std::cerr << "Error for 'Q' unknown qualifier " << lines[0] << std::endl;
 					return EXIT_FAILURE;
 			}
 			break;
@@ -316,7 +315,7 @@ int JedParser::parse()
 			break;
 		case 0x03:
 			if (_verbose)
-				cout << "end" << endl;
+				std::cout << "end" << std::endl;
 			break;
 		case 'E':
 			parseEField(lines);
@@ -344,7 +343,7 @@ int JedParser::parse()
 			break;
 		default:
 			printf("inconnu\n");
-			cout << lines[0]<< endl;
+			std::cout << lines[0]<< std::endl;
 			return EXIT_FAILURE;
 		}
 	} while (instr != 0x03);
diff --git a/src/jlink.cpp b/src/jlink.cpp
index a03f04b..5537a27 100644
--- a/src/jlink.cpp
+++ b/src/jlink.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 #define VID 0x1366
 #define PID 0x0105
 
-using namespace std;
 
 // convert 2Byte to 1 short
 #define CONV_16B(_val) ((((uint16_t) _val[0]) << 0) | \
@@ -458,13 +457,13 @@ bool Jlink::write_device(const uint8_t *buf, uint32_t size)
 	return ((uint32_t)recv == size);
 }
 
-string Jlink::get_version()
+std::string Jlink::get_version()
 {
 	uint16_t length = 0;
 	cmd_read(EMU_CMD_VERSION, &length);
 	uint8_t version[length];
 	read_device(version, length);
-	return string(reinterpret_cast<char*>(version));
+	return std::string(reinterpret_cast<char*>(version));
 }
 
 int Jlink::get_hw_version()
@@ -689,7 +688,7 @@ bool Jlink::jlink_scan_usb(int vid, int pid)
 			continue;
 		if (desc.idProduct != pid) {
 			if (_verbose)
-				cerr << "skip pid" << hex << desc.idProduct << dec << endl;
+				std::cerr << "skip pid" << std::hex << desc.idProduct << std::dec << std::endl;
 			continue;
 		}
 
diff --git a/src/jtag.cpp b/src/jtag.cpp
index 156013d..b5ed9a5 100644
--- a/src/jtag.cpp
+++ b/src/jtag.cpp
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@
 #include "xvc_client.hpp"
 #endif
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define DEBUG 0
 
@@ -94,10 +93,10 @@ using namespace std;
  */
 
 Jtag::Jtag(const cable_t &cable, const jtag_pins_conf_t *pin_conf,
-			const string &dev,
-			const string &serial, uint32_t clkHZ, int8_t verbose,
-			const string &ip_adr, int port,
-			const bool invert_read_edge, const string &firmware_path,
+			const std::string &dev,
+			const std::string &serial, uint32_t clkHZ, int8_t verbose,
+			const std::string &ip_adr, int port,
+			const bool invert_read_edge, const std::string &firmware_path,
 			const std::map<uint32_t, misc_device> &user_misc_devs):
 			_verbose(verbose > 1),
 			_state(RUN_TEST_IDLE),
@@ -344,7 +343,7 @@ int Jtag::device_select(unsigned index)
 	 * after the selected one
 	 */
 	_dr_bits_after = device_index;
-	_dr_bits = vector<uint8_t>((std::max(_dr_bits_after, _dr_bits_before) + 7)/8, 0);
+	_dr_bits = std::vector<uint8_t>((std::max(_dr_bits_after, _dr_bits_before) + 7)/8, 0);
 
 	/* when the device is not alone and not
 	 * the first a serie of bypass must be
@@ -361,7 +360,7 @@ int Jtag::device_select(unsigned index)
 	_ir_bits_before = 0;
 	for (unsigned i = device_index + 1; i < _devices_list.size(); ++i)
 		_ir_bits_before += _irlength_list[i];
-	_ir_bits = vector<uint8_t>((std::max(_ir_bits_before, _ir_bits_after) + 7) / 8, 0xff); // BYPASS command is all-ones
+	_ir_bits = std::vector<uint8_t>((std::max(_ir_bits_before, _ir_bits_after) + 7) / 8, 0xff); // BYPASS command is all-ones
 
 	return device_index;
 }
@@ -466,7 +465,7 @@ int Jtag::shiftDR(const uint8_t *tdi, unsigned char *tdo, int drlen, tapState_t
 int Jtag::shiftIR(unsigned char tdi, int irlen, tapState_t end_state)
 {
 	if (irlen > 8) {
-		cerr << "Error: this method this direct char don't support more than 1 byte" << endl;
+		std::cerr << "Error: this method this direct char don't support more than 1 byte" << std::endl;
 		return -1;
 	}
 	return shiftIR(&tdi, NULL, irlen, end_state);
diff --git a/src/lattice.cpp b/src/lattice.cpp
index 058f5a7..14d9551 100644
--- a/src/lattice.cpp
+++ b/src/lattice.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 #include "part.hpp"
 #include "spiFlash.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define ISC_ENABLE					0xC6		/* ISC_ENABLE - Offline Mode */
 #  define ISC_ENABLE_FLASH_MODE		(1 << 3)
@@ -162,7 +161,7 @@ using namespace std;
 /* Nexus */
 #define REG_NEXUS_STATUS_BSE_ERR_MASK (0x0f << 24)
 
-Lattice::Lattice(Jtag *jtag, const string filename, const string &file_type,
+Lattice::Lattice(Jtag *jtag, const std::string filename, const std::string &file_type,
 	Device::prog_type_t prg_type, std::string flash_sector, bool verify, int8_t verbose, bool skip_load_bridge, bool skip_reset):
 		Device(jtag, filename, file_type, verify, verbose),
 		SPIInterface(filename, verbose, 0, verify, skip_load_bridge, skip_reset),
@@ -188,7 +187,7 @@ Lattice::Lattice(Jtag *jtag, const string filename, const string &file_type,
 	}
 	/* check device family */
 	uint32_t idcode = _jtag->get_target_device_id();
-	string family = fpga_list[idcode].family;
+	std::string family = fpga_list[idcode].family;
 	if (family == "MachXO2") {
 		_fpga_family = MACHXO2_FAMILY;
 	} else if (family == "MachXO3L" || family == "MachXO3LF") {
@@ -643,7 +642,7 @@ bool Lattice::program_intFlash(ConfigBitstreamParser *_cbp)
 	uint16_t ufm_start = 0;
 	uint16_t feabits;
 	uint8_t eraseMode = 0;
-	vector<string> ufm_data, cfg_data, ebr_data;
+	std::vector<std::string> ufm_data, cfg_data, ebr_data;
 
 	/* bypass */
 	wr_rd(0xff, NULL, 0, NULL, 0);
@@ -663,7 +662,7 @@ bool Lattice::program_intFlash(ConfigBitstreamParser *_cbp)
 	if (_file_extension == "jed") {
 		JedParser *_jed = reinterpret_cast<JedParser *>(_cbp);
 		for (size_t i = 0; i < _jed->nb_section(); i++) {
-			string note = _jed->noteForSection(i);
+			std::string note = _jed->noteForSection(i);
 			if (note == "TAG DATA") {
 				eraseMode |= FLASH_ERASE_UFM;
 				ufm_data = _jed->data_for_section(i);
@@ -1536,7 +1535,7 @@ bool Lattice::pollBusyFlag(bool verbose)
 		if (verbose)
 			printf("pollBusyFlag :%02x\n", rx);
 		if (timeout == 100000000){
-			cerr << "timeout" << endl;
+			std::cerr << "timeout" << std::endl;
 			return false;
 		} else {
 			timeout++;
@@ -1586,7 +1585,7 @@ bool Lattice::flashErase(uint32_t  mask)
 	return true;
 }
 
-bool Lattice::flashProg(uint32_t start_addr, const string &name, vector<string> data)
+bool Lattice::flashProg(uint32_t start_addr, const std::string &name, std::vector<std::string> data)
 {
 	(void)start_addr;
 	ProgressBar progress("Writing " + name, data.size(), 50, _quiet);
@@ -2225,7 +2224,7 @@ bool Lattice::program_fea_MachXO3D()
 bool Lattice::program_intFlash_MachXO3D(JedParser& _jed)
 {
 	uint32_t erase_op = 0, prog_op = 0;
-	vector<string> data;
+	std::vector<std::string> data;
 	int offset, fuse_count;
 
 	/* bypass */
@@ -2251,7 +2250,7 @@ bool Lattice::program_intFlash_MachXO3D(JedParser& _jed)
 			/* if no data, nothing to do */
 			continue;
 		}
-		string note = _jed.noteForSection(i);
+		std::string note = _jed.noteForSection(i);
 		offset = _jed.offset_for_section(i) / 128;
 
 		erase_op = 0;
diff --git a/src/latticeBitParser.cpp b/src/latticeBitParser.cpp
index 9797c8f..32cbbb7 100644
--- a/src/latticeBitParser.cpp
+++ b/src/latticeBitParser.cpp
@@ -19,9 +19,8 @@
 
 #include "latticeBitParser.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
-LatticeBitParser::LatticeBitParser(const string &filename, bool machxo2, bool ecp3,
+LatticeBitParser::LatticeBitParser(const std::string &filename, bool machxo2, bool ecp3,
 	bool verbose):
 	ConfigBitstreamParser(filename, ConfigBitstreamParser::BIN_MODE, verbose),
 	_endHeader(0), _is_machXO2(machxo2), _is_ecp3(ecp3)
@@ -57,14 +56,14 @@ int LatticeBitParser::parseHeader()
 
 
 	_endHeader = _raw_data.find(0xff, currPos);
-	if (_endHeader == string::npos) {
+	if (_endHeader == std::string::npos) {
 		printError("Error: preamble not found\n");
 		return EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 
 	/* .bit for MACHXO3D seems to have more 0xff before preamble key */
 	size_t pos = _raw_data.find(0xb3, _endHeader);
-	if (pos == string::npos) {
+	if (pos == std::string::npos) {
 		printError("Preamble key not found");
 		return EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
@@ -76,13 +75,13 @@ int LatticeBitParser::parseHeader()
 	_endHeader = pos - 4; // align to 3 Dummy Bytes + preamble (ie. Header start offset).
 
 	/* parse header */
-	istringstream lineStream(_raw_data.substr(currPos, _endHeader - currPos));
-	string buff;
+	std::istringstream lineStream(_raw_data.substr(currPos, _endHeader - currPos));
+	std::string buff;
 	while (std::getline(lineStream, buff, '\0')) {
 		pos = buff.find_first_of(':', 0);
-		if (pos != string::npos) {
-			string key(buff.substr(0, pos));
-			string val(buff.substr(pos+1, buff.size()));
+		if (pos != std::string::npos) {
+			std::string key(buff.substr(0, pos));
+			std::string val(buff.substr(pos+1, buff.size()));
 			int startPos = val.find_first_not_of(" ");
 			int endPos = val.find_last_not_of(" ")+1;
 			_hdr[key] = val.substr(startPos, endPos).c_str();
@@ -117,17 +116,17 @@ int LatticeBitParser::parse()
 			printError("encrypted bitstream not supported for machXO2");
 			return EXIT_FAILURE;
 		}
-		string part = getHeaderVal("Part");
-		string subpart = part.substr(0, part.find_last_of("-"));
+		std::string part = getHeaderVal("Part");
+		std::string subpart = part.substr(0, part.find_last_of("-"));
 		for (auto && fpga : fpga_list) {
 			if (fpga.second.manufacturer != "lattice")
 				continue;
-			string model = fpga.second.model;
+			std::string model = fpga.second.model;
 			if (subpart.compare(0, model.size(), model) == 0) {
 				char __buf[10];
 				int __buf_valid_bytes;
 				__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 9, "%08x", fpga.first);
-				_hdr["idcode"] = string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+				_hdr["idcode"] = std::string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 				_hdr["idcode"].resize(8, ' ');
 			}
 		}
@@ -203,7 +202,7 @@ bool LatticeBitParser::parseCfgData()
 					 (((uint32_t)reverseByte(ptr[4])) <<  8) |
 					 (((uint32_t)reverseByte(ptr[3])) <<  0);
 			__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 9, "%08x", idcode);
-			_hdr["idcode"] = string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+			_hdr["idcode"] = std::string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 			_hdr["idcode"].resize(8, ' ');
 			pos += 7;
 			if (!_is_machXO2)
@@ -216,7 +215,7 @@ bool LatticeBitParser::parseCfgData()
 					 (((uint32_t)ptr[5]) <<  8) |
 					 (((uint32_t)ptr[6]) <<  0);
 			__buf_valid_bytes = snprintf(__buf, 9, "%08x", idcode);
-			_hdr["idcode"] = string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
+			_hdr["idcode"] = std::string(__buf, __buf_valid_bytes);
 			_hdr["idcode"].resize(8, ' ');
 			pos += 7;
 			if (!_is_machXO2)
diff --git a/src/libusb_ll.cpp b/src/libusb_ll.cpp
index fd08857..d4474ce 100644
--- a/src/libusb_ll.cpp
+++ b/src/libusb_ll.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 #include "display.hpp"
 #include "libusb_ll.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 libusb_ll::libusb_ll(int vid, int pid, int8_t _verbose):
 	_usb_ctx(nullptr), _verbose(_verbose >= 2)
diff --git a/src/main.cpp b/src/main.cpp
index bfeaa28..2169eea 100644
--- a/src/main.cpp
+++ b/src/main.cpp
@@ -69,23 +69,22 @@
 
 #define DEFAULT_FREQ 	6000000
 
-using namespace std;
 
 struct arguments {
 	int8_t verbose;
 	bool force_terminal_mode;
 	bool reset, detect, detect_flash, verify, scan_usb;
 	unsigned int offset;
-	string bit_file;
-	string secondary_bit_file;
-	string device;
-	string cable;
-	string ftdi_serial;
+	std::string bit_file;
+	std::string secondary_bit_file;
+	std::string device;
+	std::string cable;
+	std::string ftdi_serial;
 	int ftdi_channel;
 	int status_pin;
 	uint32_t freq;
 	bool invert_read_edge;
-	string board;
+	std::string board;
 	bool pin_config;
 	bool list_cables;
 	bool list_boards;
@@ -94,13 +93,13 @@ struct arguments {
 	bool is_list_command;
 	bool spi;
 	bool dfu;
-	string file_type;
-	string fpga_part;
-	string bridge_path;
-	string probe_firmware;
+	std::string file_type;
+	std::string fpga_part;
+	std::string bridge_path;
+	std::string probe_firmware;
 	int index_chain;
 	unsigned int file_size;
-	string target_flash;
+	std::string target_flash;
 	bool external_flash;
 	bool spi_flash_type;
 	int16_t altsetting;
@@ -109,26 +108,26 @@ struct arguments {
 	int16_t cable_index;
 	uint8_t bus_addr;
 	uint8_t device_addr;
-	string ip_adr;
+	std::string ip_adr;
 	uint32_t protect_flash;
 	bool unprotect_flash;
 	bool enable_quad;
 	bool disable_quad;
 	bool bulk_erase_flash;
-	string flash_sector;
+	std::string flash_sector;
 	bool skip_load_bridge;
 	bool skip_reset;
 	/* xvc server */
 	bool xvc;
 	int port;
-	string interface;
-	string mcufw;
+	std::string interface;
+	std::string mcufw;
 	bool conmcu;
 	std::map<uint32_t, misc_device> user_misc_devs;
 	bool read_dna;
 	bool read_xadc;
-	string read_register;
-	string user_flash;
+	std::string read_register;
+	std::string user_flash;
 };
 
 int run_xvc_server(const struct arguments &args, const cable_t &cable,
@@ -185,9 +184,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	}
 
 	if (args.prg_type == Device::WR_SRAM)
-		cout << "write to ram" << endl;
+		std::cout << "write to ram" << std::endl;
 	if (args.prg_type == Device::WR_FLASH)
-		cout << "write to flash" << endl;
+		std::cout << "write to flash" << std::endl;
 
 	if (args.board[0] != '-') {
 		if (board_list.find(args.board) != board_list.end()) {
@@ -215,7 +214,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			if (args.cable[0] == '-') {  // no user selection
 				args.cable = (*t).first;  // use board default cable
 			} else {
-				cout << "Board default cable overridden with " << args.cable << endl;
+				std::cout << "Board default cable overridden with " << args.cable << std::endl;
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -342,7 +341,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			dfu = new DFU(args.bit_file, args.detect, vid, pid, altsetting,
 					args.verbose);
 		} catch (std::exception &e) {
-			printError("DFU init failed with: " + string(e.what()));
+			printError("DFU init failed with: " + std::string(e.what()));
 			return EXIT_FAILURE;
 		}
 		/* if verbose or detect: display device */
@@ -356,7 +355,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		try {
 			dfu->download();
 		} catch (std::exception &e) {
-			printError("DFU download failed with: " + string(e.what()));
+			printError("DFU download failed with: " + std::string(e.what()));
 			return EXIT_FAILURE;
 		}
 
@@ -394,18 +393,18 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 				args.invert_read_edge, args.probe_firmware,
 				args.user_misc_devs);
 	} catch (std::exception &e) {
-		printError("JTAG init failed with: " + string(e.what()));
+		printError("JTAG init failed with: " + std::string(e.what()));
 		return EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 
 	/* chain detection */
-	vector<uint32_t> listDev = jtag->get_devices_list();
+	std::vector<uint32_t> listDev = jtag->get_devices_list();
 	size_t found = listDev.size();
 	int idcode = -1;
 	size_t index = 0;
 
 	if (args.verbose > 0)
-		cout << "found " << std::to_string(found) << " devices" << endl;
+		std::cout << "found " << std::to_string(found) << " devices" << std::endl;
 
 	/* in verbose mode or when detect
 	 * display full chain with details
@@ -475,7 +474,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	/* detect svf file and program the device */
 	if (!args.file_type.compare("svf") ||
-			args.bit_file.find(".svf") != string::npos) {
+			args.bit_file.find(".svf") != std::string::npos) {
 #ifdef ENABLE_SVF_JTAG
 		SVF_jtag *svf = new SVF_jtag(jtag, args.verbose);
 		try {
@@ -495,12 +494,12 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	 * mainly used in conjunction with --index-chain
 	 */
 	if (fpga_list.find(idcode) == fpga_list.end()) {
-		cerr << "Error: device " << hex << idcode << " not supported" << endl;
+		std::cerr << "Error: device " << std::hex << idcode << " not supported" << std::endl;
 		delete(jtag);
 		return EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 
-	string fab = fpga_list[idcode].manufacturer;
+	std::string fab = fpga_list[idcode].manufacturer;
 
 
 	Device *fpga;
@@ -578,7 +577,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 			return EXIT_FAILURE;
 		}
 	} catch (std::exception &e) {
-		printError("Error: Failed to claim FPGA device: " + string(e.what()));
+		printError("Error: Failed to claim FPGA device: " + std::string(e.what()));
 		delete(jtag);
 		return EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
@@ -590,7 +589,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		try {
 			fpga->program(args.offset, args.unprotect_flash);
 		} catch (std::exception &e) {
-			printError("Error: Failed to program FPGA: " + string(e.what()));
+			printError("Error: Failed to program FPGA: " + std::string(e.what()));
 			delete(fpga);
 			delete(jtag);
 			return EXIT_FAILURE;
@@ -677,7 +676,7 @@ int run_xvc_server(const struct arguments &args, const cable_t &cable,
 		xvc->close_connection();
 		delete xvc;
 	} catch (std::exception &e) {
-		printError("XVC_server failed with " + string(e.what()));
+		printError("XVC_server failed with " + std::string(e.what()));
 		return EXIT_FAILURE;
 	}
 	printInfo("Xilinx Virtual Cable Stopped! ");
@@ -821,7 +820,7 @@ int spi_comm(struct arguments args, const cable_t &cable,
 			try {
 				flash.erase_and_prog(args.offset, bit->getData(), bit->getLength()/8);
 			} catch (std::exception &e) {
-				printError("FAIL: " + string(e.what()));
+				printError("FAIL: " + std::string(e.what()));
 			}
 
 			if (args.verify)
@@ -857,7 +856,7 @@ int spi_comm(struct arguments args, const cable_t &cable,
 
 // parse double from string in engineering notation
 // can deal with postfixes k and m, add more when required
-static int parse_eng(string arg, double *dst) {
+static int parse_eng(std::string arg, double *dst) {
 	try {
 		size_t end;
 		double base = stod(arg, &end);
@@ -879,7 +878,7 @@ static int parse_eng(string arg, double *dst) {
 			return EINVAL;
 		}
 	} catch (...) {
-		cerr << "error : speed: invalid format" << endl;
+		std::cerr << "error : speed: invalid format" << std::endl;
 		return EINVAL;
 	}
 }
@@ -888,8 +887,8 @@ static int parse_eng(string arg, double *dst) {
 int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 	jtag_pins_conf_t *pins_config)
 {
-	string freqo;
-	vector<string> pins, bus_dev_num;
+	std::string freqo;
+	std::vector<std::string> pins, bus_dev_num;
 	bool verbose = false, quiet = false;
 	int8_t verbose_level = -2;
 	try {
@@ -909,11 +908,11 @@ int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 				" UltraScale boards)",
 				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->secondary_bit_file))
 			("b,board",     "board name, may be used instead of cable",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->board))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->board))
 			("B,bridge",    "disable spiOverJtag model detection by providing "
 				"bitstream(intel/xilinx)",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->bridge_path))
-			("c,cable", "jtag interface", cxxopts::value<string>(args->cable))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->bridge_path))
+			("c,cable", "jtag interface", cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->cable))
 			("status-pin",
 				"JTAG mode / FTDI: GPIO pin number to use as a status indicator (active low)",
 				cxxopts::value<int>(args->status_pin))
@@ -926,15 +925,15 @@ int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 				cxxopts::value<int16_t>(args->cable_index))
 			("busdev-num",
 				"select a probe by it bus and device number (bus_num:device_addr)",
-				cxxopts::value<vector<string>>(bus_dev_num))
+				cxxopts::value<std::vector<std::string>>(bus_dev_num))
 			("ftdi-serial", "FTDI chip serial number",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->ftdi_serial))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->ftdi_serial))
 			("ftdi-channel",
 				"FTDI chip channel number (channels 0-3 map to A-D)",
 				cxxopts::value<int>(args->ftdi_channel))
 #if defined(USE_DEVICE_ARG)
 			("d,device",  "device to use (/dev/ttyUSBx)",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->device))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->device))
 #endif
 			("detect",      "detect FPGA, add -f to show connected flash",
 				cxxopts::value<bool>(args->detect))
@@ -949,7 +948,7 @@ int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 			("target-flash",
 				"for boards with multiple flash chips (some Xilinx UltraScale"
 				" boards), select the target flash: primary (default), secondary or both",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->target_flash))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->target_flash))
 			("external-flash",
 				"select ext flash for device with internal and external storage",
 				cxxopts::value<bool>(args->external_flash))
@@ -958,20 +957,20 @@ int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 				cxxopts::value<unsigned int>(args->file_size))
 			("file-type",
 				"provides file type instead of let's deduced by using extension",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->file_type))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->file_type))
 			("flash-sector", "flash sector (Lattice and Altera MAX10 parts only)",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->flash_sector))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->flash_sector))
 			("fpga-part",   "fpga model flavor + package",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->fpga_part))
-			("freq",        "jtag frequency (Hz)", cxxopts::value<string>(freqo))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->fpga_part))
+			("freq",        "jtag frequency (Hz)", cxxopts::value<std::string>(freqo))
 			("f,write-flash",
 				"write bitstream in flash (default: false)")
 			("index-chain",  "device index in JTAG-chain",
 				cxxopts::value<int>(args->index_chain))
 			("misc-device",  "add JTAG non-FPGA devices <idcode,irlen,name>",
-				cxxopts::value<vector<string>>())
+				cxxopts::value<std::vector<std::string>>())
 			("ip", "IP address (XVC and remote bitbang client)",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->ip_adr))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->ip_adr))
 			("list-boards", "list all supported boards",
 				cxxopts::value<bool>(args->list_boards))
 			("list-cables", "list all supported cables",
@@ -983,9 +982,9 @@ int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 			("o,offset", "Start address (in bytes) for read/write into non volatile memory (default: 0)",
 				cxxopts::value<unsigned int>(args->offset))
 			("pins", "pin config TDI:TDO:TCK:TMS or MOSI:MISO:SCK:CS[:HOLDN:WPN]",
-				cxxopts::value<vector<string>>(pins))
+				cxxopts::value<std::vector<std::string>>(pins))
 			("probe-firmware", "firmware for JTAG probe (usbBlasterII)",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->probe_firmware))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->probe_firmware))
 			("protect-flash",   "protect SPI flash area",
 				cxxopts::value<uint32_t>(args->protect_flash))
 			("quiet", "Produce quiet output (no progress bar)",
@@ -1026,16 +1025,16 @@ int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 			("X,read-xadc", "Read XADC (Xilinx FPGA only)",
 				cxxopts::value<bool>(args->read_xadc))
 			("read-register", "Read Status Register(Xilinx FPGA only)",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->read_register))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->read_register))
 			("user-flash", "User flash file (Gowin LittleBee FPGA only)",
-				cxxopts::value<string>(args->user_flash))
+				cxxopts::value<std::string>(args->user_flash))
 			("V,Version", "Print program version");
 
 		options.parse_positional({"bitstream"});
 		auto result = options.parse(argc, argv);
 
 		if (result.count("help")) {
-			cout << options.help() << endl;
+			std::cout << options.help() << std::endl;
 			return 1;
 		}
 
@@ -1058,7 +1057,7 @@ int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 		}
 
 		if (result.count("Version")) {
-			cout << "openFPGALoader " << VERSION << endl;
+			std::cout << "openFPGALoader " << VERSION << std::endl;
 			return 1;
 		}
 
@@ -1202,7 +1201,7 @@ int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 				 !args->detect
 				) {
 				printError("Error: secondary bitfile not specified");
-				cout << options.help() << endl;
+				std::cout << options.help() << std::endl;
 				return -1;
 			}
 		}
@@ -1235,7 +1234,7 @@ int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 			!args->read_xadc &&
 			args->read_register.empty()) {
 			printError("Error: bitfile not specified");
-			cout << options.help() << endl;
+			std::cout << options.help() << std::endl;
 			return -1;
 		}
 
@@ -1247,7 +1246,7 @@ int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 			args->detect_flash = true;
 		}
 	} catch (const cxxopts::OptionException& e) {
-		printError("Error parsing options: " + string(e.what()));
+		printError("Error parsing options: " + std::string(e.what()));
 		return -1;
 	}
 
@@ -1258,27 +1257,27 @@ int parse_opt(int argc, char **argv, struct arguments *args,
 void displaySupported(const struct arguments &args)
 {
 	if (args.list_cables == true) {
-		stringstream t;
-		t << setw(25) << left << "cable name" << "vid:pid";
+		std::stringstream t;
+		t << std::setw(25) << std::left << "cable name" << "vid:pid";
 		printSuccess(t.str());
 		for (auto b = cable_list.begin(); b != cable_list.end(); b++) {
 			cable_t c = (*b).second;
-			stringstream ss;
-			ss << setw(25) << left << (*b).first;
-			ss << "0x" << hex << right << setw(4) << setfill('0') << c.vid
-				<< ":" << setw(4) << c.pid;
+			std::stringstream ss;
+			ss << std::setw(25) << std::left << (*b).first;
+			ss << "0x" << std::hex << std::right << std::setw(4) << std::setfill('0') << c.vid
+				<< ":" << std::setw(4) << c.pid;
 			printInfo(ss.str());
 		}
-		cout << endl;
+		std::cout << std::endl;
 	}
 
 	if (args.list_boards) {
-		stringstream t;
-		t << setw(27) << left << "board name" << setw(19) << "cable_name";
-		t << setw(25) << "fpga_part";
+		std::stringstream t;
+		t << std::setw(27) << std::left << "board name" << std::setw(19) << "cable_name";
+		t << std::setw(25) << "fpga_part";
 		printSuccess(t.str());
 		for (auto b = board_list.begin(); b != board_list.end(); b++) {
-			stringstream ss;
+			std::stringstream ss;
 			target_board_t c = (*b).second;
 			std::string cable_name = c.cable_name;
 			std::string fpga_part = c.fpga_part;
@@ -1286,28 +1285,28 @@ void displaySupported(const struct arguments &args)
 				cable_name = "Undefined";
 			if (fpga_part.size() == 0)
 				fpga_part = "Undefined";
-			ss << setw(27) << left << (*b).first << setw(19) << cable_name;
-			ss << setw(25)<< fpga_part;
+			ss << std::setw(27) << std::left << (*b).first << std::setw(19) << cable_name;
+			ss << std::setw(25)<< fpga_part;
 			printInfo(ss.str());
 		}
-		cout << endl;
+		std::cout << std::endl;
 	}
 
 	if (args.list_fpga) {
-		stringstream t;
-		t << setw(12) << left << "IDCode" << setw(14) << "manufacturer";
-		t << setw(16) << "family" << setw(20) << "model";
+		std::stringstream t;
+		t << std::setw(12) << std::left << "IDCode" << std::setw(14) << "manufacturer";
+		t << std::setw(16) << "family" << std::setw(20) << "model";
 		printSuccess(t.str());
 		for (auto b = fpga_list.begin(); b != fpga_list.end(); b++) {
 			fpga_model fpga = (*b).second;
-			stringstream ss, idCode;
-			idCode << "0x" << hex << setw(8) << setfill('0') << (*b).first;
-			ss << setw(12) << left << idCode.str();
-			ss << setw(14) << fpga.manufacturer << setw(16) << fpga.family;
-			ss << setw(20) << fpga.model;
+			std::stringstream ss, idCode;
+			idCode << "0x" << std::hex << std::setw(8) << std::setfill('0') << (*b).first;
+			ss << std::setw(12) << std::left << idCode.str();
+			ss << std::setw(14) << fpga.manufacturer << std::setw(16) << fpga.family;
+			ss << std::setw(20) << fpga.model;
 			printInfo(ss.str());
 		}
-		cout << endl;
+		std::cout << std::endl;
 	}
 
 #ifdef ENABLE_USB_SCAN
diff --git a/src/mcsParser.cpp b/src/mcsParser.cpp
index 2c600f8..246dd40 100644
--- a/src/mcsParser.cpp
+++ b/src/mcsParser.cpp
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 #include "display.hpp"
 #include "mcsParser.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 /* line format
  * :LLAAAATTHH...HHCC
@@ -34,7 +33,7 @@ using namespace std;
 #define TYPE_BASE 7
 #define DATA_BASE 9
 
-McsParser::McsParser(const string &filename, bool reverseOrder, bool verbose):
+McsParser::McsParser(const std::string &filename, bool reverseOrder, bool verbose):
 		ConfigBitstreamParser(filename, ConfigBitstreamParser::ASCII_MODE,
 		verbose),
 		_base_addr(0), _reverseOrder(reverseOrder)
@@ -42,8 +41,8 @@ McsParser::McsParser(const string &filename, bool reverseOrder, bool verbose):
 
 int McsParser::parse()
 {
-	string str;
-	istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
+	std::string str;
+	std::istringstream lineStream(_raw_data);
 
 	FlashDataSection *rec = nullptr;
 
diff --git a/src/rawParser.cpp b/src/rawParser.cpp
index 6d72396..aa60935 100644
--- a/src/rawParser.cpp
+++ b/src/rawParser.cpp
@@ -10,9 +10,8 @@
 #include "display.hpp"
 #include "rawParser.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
-RawParser::RawParser(const string &filename, bool reverseOrder):
+RawParser::RawParser(const std::string &filename, bool reverseOrder):
 		ConfigBitstreamParser(filename, ConfigBitstreamParser::BIN_MODE,
 		false), _reverseOrder(reverseOrder)
 {}
diff --git a/src/remoteBitbang_client.cpp b/src/remoteBitbang_client.cpp
index 639981e..7c1da31 100644
--- a/src/remoteBitbang_client.cpp
+++ b/src/remoteBitbang_client.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 
 #include "display.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define TCK_OFFSET 2
 #define TMS_OFFSET 1
@@ -170,7 +169,7 @@ int RemoteBitbang_client::setClkFreq(uint32_t clkHz)
 	return clkHz;
 }
 
-bool RemoteBitbang_client::open_connection(const string &ip_addr)
+bool RemoteBitbang_client::open_connection(const std::string &ip_addr)
 {
 	struct sockaddr_in addr;
 	addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
diff --git a/src/svf_jtag.cpp b/src/svf_jtag.cpp
index 2042e86..38d0fb0 100644
--- a/src/svf_jtag.cpp
+++ b/src/svf_jtag.cpp
@@ -18,12 +18,11 @@
 
 #include "jtag.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
-void SVF_jtag::split_str(string const &str, vector<string> &vparse)
+void SVF_jtag::split_str(std::string const &str, std::vector<std::string> &vparse)
 {
-	string token;
-	istringstream tokenStream(str);
+	std::string token;
+	std::istringstream tokenStream(str);
 	while (getline(tokenStream, token, ' '))
 		vparse.push_back(token);
 }
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ void SVF_jtag::clear_XYR(svf_XYR &t)
 	t.smask.clear();
 }
 
-static unsigned char *parse_hex(string const &in, size_t byte_length,
+static unsigned char *parse_hex(std::string const &in, size_t byte_length,
 		bool default_value)
 {
 	unsigned char *txbuf = new unsigned char[byte_length];
@@ -67,13 +66,13 @@ static unsigned char *parse_hex(string const &in, size_t byte_length,
 * tdo si absent on s'en fout
 * TODO: ameliorer l'analyse des chaines de caracteres
 */
-void SVF_jtag::parse_XYR(vector<string> const &vstr, svf_XYR &t)
+void SVF_jtag::parse_XYR(std::vector<std::string> const &vstr, svf_XYR &t)
 {
 	if (_verbose)
-		cout << endl;
+		std::cout << std::endl;
 	int mode = 0;
-	string s;
-	string full_line;
+	std::string s;
+	std::string full_line;
 	full_line.reserve(1276);
 	int write_data = -1;
 
@@ -168,14 +167,14 @@ void SVF_jtag::parse_XYR(vector<string> const &vstr, svf_XYR &t)
 			unsigned char *maskbuf = parse_hex(t.mask, byte_len, t.mask.empty() ? 1 : 0);
 			for (size_t i = 0; i < byte_len; i++) {
 				if ((read_buffer[i] ^ tdobuf[i]) & maskbuf[i]) {
-					cerr << "TDO value ";
+					std::cerr << "TDO value ";
 					for (int j = byte_len - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
-						cerr << uppercase << hex << int(read_buffer[j]);
+						std::cerr << std::uppercase << std::hex << int(read_buffer[j]);
 					}
-					cerr << " isn't the one expected: " << uppercase << t.tdo << endl;
+					std::cerr << " isn't the one expected: " << std::uppercase << t.tdo << std::endl;
 					delete[] tdobuf;
 					delete[] maskbuf;
-					throw exception();
+					throw std::exception();
 				}
 			}
 			delete[] tdobuf;
@@ -187,7 +186,7 @@ void SVF_jtag::parse_XYR(vector<string> const &vstr, svf_XYR &t)
 }
 
 /* Implementation partielle de la spec */
-void SVF_jtag::parse_runtest(vector<string> const &vstr)
+void SVF_jtag::parse_runtest(std::vector<std::string> const &vstr)
 {
 	unsigned int pos = 1;
 	int nb_iter = 0;
@@ -238,105 +237,105 @@ void SVF_jtag::parse_runtest(vector<string> const &vstr)
 	_jtag->set_state(_end_state);
 	}
 
-void SVF_jtag::handle_instruction(vector<string> const &vstr)
+void SVF_jtag::handle_instruction(std::vector<std::string> const &vstr)
 {
 	if (!vstr[0].compare("FREQUENCY")) {
 		_freq_hz = atof(vstr[1].c_str());
 		if (_verbose) {
-			cout << "frequency value " << vstr[1] << " unit " << vstr[2];
-			cout << _freq_hz << endl;
+			std::cout << "frequency value " << vstr[1] << " unit " << vstr[2];
+			std::cout << _freq_hz << std::endl;
 		}
 		_jtag->setClkFreq(_freq_hz);
 	} else if (!vstr[0].compare("TRST")) {
-		if (_verbose) cout << "trst value : " << vstr[1] << endl;
+		if (_verbose) std::cout << "trst value : " << vstr[1] << std::endl;
 	} else if (!vstr[0].compare("ENDDR")) {
-		if (_verbose) cout << "enddr value : " << vstr[1] << endl;
+		if (_verbose) std::cout << "enddr value : " << vstr[1] << std::endl;
 		_enddr = (Jtag::tapState_t)fsm_state[vstr[1]];
 	} else if (!vstr[0].compare("ENDIR")) {
-		if (_verbose) cout << "endir value : " << vstr[1] << endl;
+		if (_verbose) std::cout << "endir value : " << vstr[1] << std::endl;
 		_endir = (Jtag::tapState_t)fsm_state[vstr[1]];
 	} else if (!vstr[0].compare("STATE")) {
-		if (_verbose) cout << "state value : " << vstr[1] << endl;
+		if (_verbose) std::cout << "state value : " << vstr[1] << std::endl;
 		_jtag->set_state((Jtag::tapState_t)fsm_state[vstr[1]]);
 	} else if (!vstr[0].compare("RUNTEST")) {
 		parse_runtest(vstr);
 	} else if (!vstr[0].compare("HIR")) {
 		parse_XYR(vstr, hir);
 		if (hir.len > 0) {
-			cerr << "HIR length supported is only 0 " << endl;
+			std::cerr << "HIR length supported is only 0 " << std::endl;
 		}
 		if (_verbose) {
-			cout << "HIR" << endl;
-			cout << "\tlen   : " << hir.len << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdo   : " << hir.tdo.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdi   : " << hir.tdi.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tmask  : " << hir.mask.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tsmask : " << hir.smask.size()*4 << endl;
+			std::cout << "HIR" << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tlen   : " << hir.len << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdo   : " << hir.tdo.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdi   : " << hir.tdi.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tmask  : " << hir.mask.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tsmask : " << hir.smask.size()*4 << std::endl;
 		}
 	} else if (!vstr[0].compare("HDR")) {
 		parse_XYR(vstr, hdr);
 		if (hdr.len > 0) {
-			cerr << "HDR length supported is only 0" << endl;
+			std::cerr << "HDR length supported is only 0" << std::endl;
 		}
 		if (_verbose) {
-			cout << "HDR" << endl;
-			cout << "\tlen   : " << hdr.len << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdo   : " << hdr.tdo.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdi   : " << hdr.tdi.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tmask  : " << hdr.mask.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tsmask : " << hdr.smask.size()*4 << endl;
+			std::cout << "HDR" << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tlen   : " << hdr.len << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdo   : " << hdr.tdo.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdi   : " << hdr.tdi.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tmask  : " << hdr.mask.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tsmask : " << hdr.smask.size()*4 << std::endl;
 		}
 	} else if (!vstr[0].compare("SIR")) {
 		parse_XYR(vstr, sir);
 		if (_verbose) {
 			for (auto &&t : vstr)
-				cout << t << " ";
-			cout << endl;
-			cout << "\tlen   : " << sir.len << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdo   : " << sir.tdo.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdi   : " << sir.tdi.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tmask  : " << sir.mask.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tsmask : " << sir.smask.size()*4 << endl;
+				std::cout << t << " ";
+			std::cout << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tlen   : " << sir.len << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdo   : " << sir.tdo.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdi   : " << sir.tdi.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tmask  : " << sir.mask.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tsmask : " << sir.smask.size()*4 << std::endl;
 		}
 	} else if (!vstr[0].compare("SDR")) {
 		parse_XYR(vstr, sdr);
 		if (_verbose) {
-			cout << "SDR" << endl;
-			cout << "\tlen   : " << sdr.len << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdo   : " << sdr.tdo.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdi   : " << sdr.tdi.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tmask  : " << sdr.mask.size()*4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tsmask : " << sdr.smask.size()*4 << endl;
+			std::cout << "SDR" << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tlen   : " << sdr.len << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdo   : " << sdr.tdo.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdi   : " << sdr.tdi.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tmask  : " << sdr.mask.size()*4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tsmask : " << sdr.smask.size()*4 << std::endl;
 		}
 	} else if (!vstr[0].compare("TDR")) {
 		parse_XYR(vstr, tdr);
 		if (tdr.len > 0) {
-			cerr << "TDR length supported is only 0" << endl;
+			std::cerr << "TDR length supported is only 0" << std::endl;
 		}
 		if (_verbose) {
-			cout << "TDR" << endl;
-			cout << "\tlen   : " << tdr.len << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdo   : " << tdr.tdo.size() * 4 << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdi   : " << tdr.tdi.size() * 4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tmask  : " << tdr.mask.size() * 4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tsmask : " << tdr.smask.size() * 4 << endl;
+			std::cout << "TDR" << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tlen   : " << tdr.len << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdo   : " << tdr.tdo.size() * 4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdi   : " << tdr.tdi.size() * 4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tmask  : " << tdr.mask.size() * 4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tsmask : " << tdr.smask.size() * 4 << std::endl;
 		}
 	} else if (!vstr[0].compare("TIR")) {
 		parse_XYR(vstr, tir);
 		if (tir.len > 0) {
-			cerr << "TIR length supported is only 0" << endl;
+			std::cerr << "TIR length supported is only 0" << std::endl;
 		}
 		if (_verbose) {
-			cout << "TIR" << endl;
-			cout << "\tlen   : " << tir.len << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdo   : " << tir.tdo.size() * 4 << endl;
-			cout << "\ttdi   : " << tir.tdi.size() * 4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tmask  : " << tir.mask.size() * 4 << endl;
-			cout << "\tsmask : " << tir.smask.size() * 4 << endl;
+			std::cout << "TIR" << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tlen   : " << tir.len << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdo   : " << tir.tdo.size() * 4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\ttdi   : " << tir.tdi.size() * 4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tmask  : " << tir.mask.size() * 4 << std::endl;
+			std::cout << "\tsmask : " << tir.smask.size() * 4 << std::endl;
 		}
 	} else {
-		cout << "error: unhandled instruction " << vstr[0] << endl;
-		throw exception();
+		std::cout << "error: unhandled instruction " << vstr[0] << std::endl;
+		throw std::exception();
 	}
 }
 
@@ -358,16 +357,16 @@ bool is_space(char x) {
  * concat continuous lines
  * and pass instruction to handle_instruction
  */
-void SVF_jtag::parse(string filename)
+void SVF_jtag::parse(std::string filename)
 {
-	string str;
-	vector<string> vstr;
+	std::string str;
+	std::vector<std::string> vstr;
 	bool is_complete;
-	ifstream fs;
+	std::ifstream fs;
 
 	fs.open(filename);
 	if (!fs.is_open()) {
-		cerr << "Error opening svf file " << filename << endl;
+		std::cerr << "Error opening svf file " << filename << std::endl;
 		return;
 	}
 	unsigned int lineno = 0;
@@ -391,8 +390,8 @@ void SVF_jtag::parse(string filename)
 					if (vstr[0].compare("HDR") && vstr[0].compare("HIR")
 						&& vstr[0].compare("SDR") && vstr[0].compare("SIR")) {
 						for (auto &&word : vstr)
-							cout << word << " ";
-						cout << endl;
+							std::cout << word << " ";
+						std::cout << std::endl;
 					}
 				}
 				handle_instruction(vstr);
@@ -400,11 +399,11 @@ void SVF_jtag::parse(string filename)
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	catch (exception &e)
+	catch (std::exception &e)
 	{
-		cerr << "Cannot proceed because of error(s) at line " << lineno << endl;
+		std::cerr << "Cannot proceed because of error(s) at line " << lineno << std::endl;
 		throw;
 	}
 
-	cout << "end of SVF file" << endl;
+	std::cout << "end of SVF file" << std::endl;
 }
diff --git a/src/svf_jtag.hpp b/src/svf_jtag.hpp
index d727707..a0bf822 100644
--- a/src/svf_jtag.hpp
+++ b/src/svf_jtag.hpp
@@ -11,31 +11,30 @@
 #include <map>
 
 #include "jtag.hpp"
-using namespace std;
 
 class SVF_jtag {
  public:
 	SVF_jtag(Jtag *jtag, bool verbose);
 	~SVF_jtag();
-	void parse(string filename);
+	void parse(std::string filename);
 	void setVerbose(bool verbose) {_verbose = verbose;}
 
 	private:
 	typedef struct {
 		uint32_t len;
-		string tdo;
-		string tdi;
-		string mask;
-		string smask;
+		std::string tdo;
+		std::string tdi;
+		std::string mask;
+		std::string smask;
 	} svf_XYR;
 
-		void split_str(string const &str, vector<string> &vparse);
+		void split_str(const std::string &str, std::vector<std::string> &vparse);
 		void clear_XYR(svf_XYR &t);
-		void parse_XYR(vector<string> const &vstr/*, svf_stat &svfs*/, svf_XYR &t);
-		void parse_runtest(vector<string> const &vstr);
-		void handle_instruction(vector<string> const &vstr);
+		void parse_XYR(const std::vector<std::string> &vstr/*, svf_stat &svfs*/, svf_XYR &t);
+		void parse_runtest(const std::vector<std::string> &vstr);
+		void handle_instruction(const std::vector<std::string> &vstr);
 
-	map <string, uint8_t> fsm_state = {
+	std::map<std::string, uint8_t> fsm_state = {
 		{"RESET", 0},
 		{"IDLE", 1},
 		{"DRSELECT", 2},
diff --git a/src/usbBlaster.cpp b/src/usbBlaster.cpp
index f056d0e..245ac53 100644
--- a/src/usbBlaster.cpp
+++ b/src/usbBlaster.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 #include "fx2_ll.hpp"
 #include "usbBlaster.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 #define DO_READ  (1 << 6)
 #define DO_WRITE (0 << 6)
@@ -358,10 +357,8 @@ UsbBlasterI::UsbBlasterI()
 {
 	int ret;
 	_ftdi = ftdi_new();
-	if (_ftdi == NULL) {
-		cout << "open_device: failed to initialize ftdi" << endl;
-		throw std::exception();
-	}
+	if (_ftdi == NULL)
+		throw std::runtime_error("open_device: failed to initialize ftdi");
 
 	 ret = ftdi_usb_open(_ftdi, 0x09fb, 0x6001);
 	if (ret < 0) {
@@ -446,7 +443,7 @@ int UsbBlasterI::write(uint8_t *wr_buf, int wr_len,
  * USB Blash II specific implementation
  */
 
-UsbBlasterII::UsbBlasterII(const string &firmware_path)
+UsbBlasterII::UsbBlasterII(const std::string &firmware_path)
 {
 	std::string fpath;
 	uint8_t buf[5];
diff --git a/src/xilinxMapParser.cpp b/src/xilinxMapParser.cpp
index 7b05988..a7cc10c 100644
--- a/src/xilinxMapParser.cpp
+++ b/src/xilinxMapParser.cpp
@@ -14,9 +14,8 @@
 #include "jedParser.hpp"
 #include "xilinxMapParser.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
-XilinxMapParser::XilinxMapParser(const string &filename,
+XilinxMapParser::XilinxMapParser(const std::string &filename,
 		uint16_t num_row, uint16_t num_col,
 		JedParser *jed, const uint32_t usercode,
 		bool verbose): ConfigBitstreamParser(filename,
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ int XilinxMapParser::parse()
 			} else {
 				empty = false;  // current line is not fully empty
 				int len = end_pos - prev_pos;  // section len
-				string cnt = line.substr(prev_pos, len);  // line substring
+				std::string cnt = line.substr(prev_pos, len);  // line substring
 				if (cnt[0] <= '9' && cnt[0] >= '0') {  // numeric value (index)
 					map_val = std::stoi(cnt, nullptr, 10);
 				} else {  // information (done, spare, user, ...)
diff --git a/src/xvc_client.cpp b/src/xvc_client.cpp
index 5ab2fee..8d6f38d 100644
--- a/src/xvc_client.cpp
+++ b/src/xvc_client.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 
 #include "display.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 XVC_client::XVC_client(const std::string &ip_addr, int port,
 		uint32_t clkHz, int8_t verbose):
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ XVC_client::XVC_client(const std::string &ip_addr, int port,
 		throw std::runtime_error("can't read info");
 
 	std::regex r("[_:]");
-	string rep((const char *)buffer);
+	std::string rep((const char *)buffer);
 
 	std::sregex_token_iterator start{ rep.begin(), rep.end(), r, -1 }, end;
 	std::vector<std::string> toto(start, end);
@@ -223,7 +222,7 @@ int XVC_client::setClkFreq(uint32_t clkHz)
 	return _clkHZ;
 }
 
-bool XVC_client::open_connection(const string &ip_addr)
+bool XVC_client::open_connection(const std::string &ip_addr)
 {
 	struct sockaddr_in addr;
 	addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
@@ -262,12 +261,12 @@ int sendall(int sock, const void* raw, size_t cnt, int flags)
 	return cnt; // success
 }
 
-ssize_t XVC_client::xfer_pkt(const string &instr,
+ssize_t XVC_client::xfer_pkt(const std::string &instr,
 		const uint8_t *tx, uint32_t tx_size,
 		uint8_t *rx, uint32_t rx_size)
 {
 	ssize_t len = tx_size;
-	vector<uint8_t> buffer(instr.size() + ((tx) ? tx_size : 0));
+	std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(instr.size() + ((tx) ? tx_size : 0));
 	memcpy(buffer.data(), instr.c_str(), instr.size());
 	if (tx)
 		memcpy(buffer.data() + instr.size(), tx, tx_size);
diff --git a/src/xvc_server.cpp b/src/xvc_server.cpp
index 58811af..10e2439 100644
--- a/src/xvc_server.cpp
+++ b/src/xvc_server.cpp
@@ -20,13 +20,12 @@
 #include "cable.hpp"
 #include "display.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
 
 XVC_server::XVC_server(int port, const cable_t & cable,
-	const jtag_pins_conf_t * pin_conf, string dev,
-	const string & serial, uint32_t clkHZ, int8_t verbose,
-	const string & ip_adr, const bool invert_read_edge,
-	const string & firmware_path):_verbose(verbose > 1),
+	const jtag_pins_conf_t * pin_conf, std::string dev,
+	const std::string & serial, uint32_t clkHZ, int8_t verbose,
+	const std::string & ip_adr, const bool invert_read_edge,
+	const std::string & firmware_path):_verbose(verbose > 1),
 			_jtag(NULL), _port(port), _sock(-1),
 			_is_stopped(false), _must_stop(false),
 			_buffer_size(2048), _state(Jtag::RUN_TEST_IDLE)
@@ -282,7 +281,7 @@ int XVC_server::handle_data(int fd)
 			if (_verbose) {
 				printInfo(std::to_string((int)time(NULL)) +
 							" : Received command: 'getinfo'");
-				printInfo("\t Replied with " + string(xvcInfo));
+				printInfo("\t Replied with " + std::string(xvcInfo));
 			}
 			break;
 		/* settck */
@@ -329,7 +328,7 @@ int XVC_server::handle_data(int fd)
 						" : Received command: 'shift'");
 			}
 		} else {
-			printError("invalid cmd '" + string(cmd) + "'");
+			printError("invalid cmd '" + std::string(cmd) + "'");
 			return 1;
 		}
 
diff --git a/src/xvc_server.hpp b/src/xvc_server.hpp
index 1df05d5..d933ff8 100644
--- a/src/xvc_server.hpp
+++ b/src/xvc_server.hpp
@@ -17,14 +17,12 @@
 
 #include "jtag.hpp"
 
-using namespace std;
-
 class XVC_server {
 	public:
 		XVC_server(int port, const cable_t &cable, const jtag_pins_conf_t *pin_conf,
-			string dev, const string &serial, uint32_t clkHZ, int8_t verbose,
-			const string &ip_adr,
-			const bool invert_read_edge, const string &firmware_path);
+			std::string dev, const std::string &serial, uint32_t clkHZ, int8_t verbose,
+			const std::string &ip_adr,
+			const bool invert_read_edge, const std::string &firmware_path);
 		~XVC_server();
 
 		/*!