diff --git a/src/frontend/numparam/xpressn.c b/src/frontend/numparam/xpressn.c
index c3287d6a7..e6b1740bf 100644
--- a/src/frontend/numparam/xpressn.c
+++ b/src/frontend/numparam/xpressn.c
@@ -1183,7 +1183,6 @@ nupa_substitute(dico_t *dico, const char *s, char *r)
 */
 {
     int ir = 0;
-    char d;
     bool err = 0;
 
     SPICE_DSTRING qstr;         /* temp result dynamic string */
@@ -1202,7 +1201,7 @@ nupa_substitute(dico_t *dico, const char *s, char *r)
 
             for (;; kptr++) {
 
-                d = *kptr;
+                char d = *kptr;
 
                 if (d == '{')
                     nnest++;
@@ -1255,6 +1254,7 @@ nupa_substitute(dico_t *dico, const char *s, char *r)
 
                 for (;; kptr++) {
 
+                    char d;
                     if (kptr >= s_end)
                         d = '\0';
                     else
@@ -1287,6 +1287,7 @@ nupa_substitute(dico_t *dico, const char *s, char *r)
                 const char *kptr = s;
                 for (;; kptr++) {
 
+                    char d;
                     if (kptr >= s_end)
                         d = '\0';
                     else